Code No: RR410305 Set No.

1
IV B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
REFRIGERATION & AIR CONDITIONING
(Mechanical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. (a) What are the factors to be considered for the adoption of a refrigeration system
for an aircraft? [4]
(b) The atmospheric air at a pressure of 1 bar and temperature -80 C is drawn in
the cylinder of the compressor of a Bell Coleman refrigerating machine. It is
compressed isentropically to a pressure of 5 bar. In the cooler, the compressed
air is cooled to 150 C, pressure remaining the same. It is then expanded to a
pressure of 1 bar in an expansion cylinder, from where it is passed to the cold
chamber. Find
i. the work done per kg of air and
ii. COP of the plant
For air assume law for expansion pv 1.2 =C, law for compression pv 1.4 =C and the
specific heat of air at constant pressure = 1.005 kJ/kg 0 K. [12]

2. (a) Define the unit of refrigeration. [2]

(b) A refrigerator using Ammonia works between the temperatures -10 deg. C
and 25 deg. C. The gas is dry at the end of compression and there is no under
cooling of liquid. Using the tables, Calculate the theoretical COP of the cycle.
[14]

3. (a) What is a secondary refrigerant? What are its desirable characteristics? [8]
(b) Describe the nomenclature of the refrigerants. [8]

4. (a) How the condenser temperature and evaporator temperature influence the
performance of a vapour compression system out of the two which has more
influence? [10]
(b) Why throttle valve is used in vapour compression refrigerator instead of an
expansion cylinder between condenser and evaporator. [6]

5. The following efficiencies must be assumed

Isentropic efficiency of turbine = 90%
Steam jet refrigeration nozzle efficiency = 90%
Entrainment efficiency = 65%
Thermo compressor efficiency = 65%
The steam enters the thermo compressor at 0.01 bar and with dryness fraction of
0.94, make up water enters the flash chamber at 180 C
determine (using Mollier diagram)

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Code No: RR410305 Set No. 1
(a) State of steam at all salient points
(b) Quantity of steam leaving the flash chamber
(c) Quality of steam generated in the boiler
(d) COP of the steam jet refrigeration system based on the heat in put of the
motive steam
Assume the same condenser for power turbine and steam jet refrigeration. [16]

6. (a) What are the limitations of steam jet refrigeration system. [8]
(b) What are the merits of steam jet refrigeration system over other system? [8]

7. (a) Atmospheric air at 12o c and 75% RH is to be conditioned to 22o c and 60% RH.
The amount of air supply is 200m3 /min. The required condition is achieved
first by heating and then by adiabatic humidification. Find
i. amount of steam required in kg/hr through the heating coil at pressure 2
bar and 0.96 dry. Assume only latent heat of steam is used for heating.
ii. The quantity of water required per hour in the humidifier [10]
(b) Derive the relation between the degree of saturation and RH. [6]

8. (a) With a simple sketch explain the principle of centrifugal dust collector. [6]
(b) List the different methods of odour removal from air and write short notes on
any three methods. [10]

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Code No: RR410305 Set No. 2
IV B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
REFRIGERATION & AIR CONDITIONING
(Mechanical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Explain the boot strap air cycle refrigeration system with a schematic and
cycle diagrams. [8]
(b) Derive an expression for the COP of Bell- Coleman cycle. [8]

2. (a) What is the effect of super heating and sub cooling of refrigerants? [6]
(b) What are the parameters that effect the vapour compression refrigeration sys-
tem and how? [10]

3. (a) How are the refrigerants classified? [8]

(b) Discuss the factors to be considered in the selection of a refrigerant. [8]

4. (a) What are the merits and demerits of water cooled condensers over air cooled
condensers? [6]
(b) Name and explain the working of any two types of water cooled condensers.
[10]

5. (a) What is the effect of Latent Heat of refrigerant on performance of the NH3 −
H2 O absorption system? [6]
(b) In an absorption system Heating, cooling and refrigeration takes place at the
Temperatures of 100o C, 27oC, −8o C find the HCOP of the system. [6]
(c) Suggest any two working pairs for Air-conditioning applications [4]

6. (a) Name the applications of steam jet refrigeration system. [4]

(b) What are the limitations of thermoelectric Refrigerator over conventional ab-
sorption system? Explain how thermoelectric refrigerator works. [12]

7. (a) Given: Summer Design: 400 C DBT, 220 C WBT

Inside Design 24o C DBT , 43% RH
RSH 209340 KJ/hr
RLH Nil
Ventilation 350 m3 /min
Find,
i. Outside air load
ii. ESHF
iii. Effective surface temperature
iv. Dehumidification air quantity

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Code No: RR410305 Set No. 2
v. Supply air temperature Assume BF = 0.05 [12]
(b) Distinguish between summer and winter air conditioning system [4]

8. (a) Illustrate with an example how heat pump can be used for dehumidification
process. [10]
(b) Write notes on electrically driven heat pump for heating and cooling. [6]

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Code No: RR410305 Set No. 3
IV B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
REFRIGERATION & AIR CONDITIONING
(Mechanical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. A refrigeration plant working on Bell - Coleman cycle maintains a refrigeration

temperature of - 150 C and compresses the air from 1 bar to 7 bar with an index of
compression 1.3. Heat from the compressed air is then removed such that the air
cooled to 300 C before expansion. The index of expansion is 1.35 calculate:

(a) The ideal COP

(b) Quantity of air circulated per minute so as to manufacture the ice at the rate
of 2 metric tons per day from water available at 300 C.
(c) What is the capacity of the plant then in tons of refrigeration?

For air cp 1.05 kJ/kgK, γ = 1.4, latent heat of fusion of ice at 00 C is 335 kJ/kg.Cp
of water = 4.1868 kJ/kgK. [16]

2. (a) Define the unit of refrigeration. [2]

(b) A refrigerator using Ammonia works between the temperatures -10 deg. C
and 25 deg. C. The gas is dry at the end of compression and there is no under
cooling of liquid. Using the tables, Calculate the theoretical COP of the cycle.
[14]

3. (a) What is a refrigerant. Can water be used as refrigerant? [3]

(b) Name three refrigerants that are suitable for ice plants giving their relative
merits and demerits. [10]
(c) What are azeotropes? [3]

4. (a) What are the merits and demerits of water cooled condensers over air cooled
condensers? [6]
(b) Name and explain the working of any two types of water cooled condensers.
[10]

5. (a) Derive the expression for COP of absorption system. [6]

(b) What is the effect of inert gas in three fluid refrigeration system. [4]
(c) Explain how the pressure and temp of refrigerant is increased in vapour ab-
sorption system. [6]

6. (a) With the help of a simple schematic explain the working of steam jet refriger-
ation system. [10]
(b) What are the merits and limitations of steam jet refrigeration system. [6]

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Code No: RR410305 Set No. 3
7. (a) Outdoor air at 24oc DBT and 15o c WBT passes through air washer in which
water is recirculated. The washer has humidifying efficiency of 70%. It is then
heated by a coil with coil surface temperature of 27o c and by pass factor of
0.3. Find DBT and RH of air leaving the heater and also find capacities of
humidifier and heating coil if the circulation of outdoor air is 50m3 per minute.
[8]
(b) Explain the methods of estimating heat gain due to infiltrated air. [8]

8. (a) What type of Heating system is suitable for a multistoreyed building ? Why?
[6]
(b) Describe the panel heating system with different heating mediums [5]
(c) List the advantages and Limitations of panel heating system. [5]

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Code No: RR410305 Set No. 4
IV B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
REFRIGERATION & AIR CONDITIONING
(Mechanical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Show the Bell - Coleman cycle on T-S and P-V coordinates and explain. [6]
(b) A dense air refrigeration machine operates between 4 bar and 1 bar. The
Temperature of this after the air cooler is 150 C and after the refrigeration coil
is 60 C. Determine:
i. Temperature of the air after compression and expansion
ii. Air circulated per ton of refrigeration
iii. The work of compressor and expander per ton of refrigeration.
iv. The theoretical C.O.P. [10]

2. An ammonia refrigerating machine has working temperatures of 350 C in the con-

denser and -150C in the evaporator. Calculate the following for dry and wet com-
pressions.

(a) Theoretical piston displacement per ton of refrigeration.

(b) Theoretical power per ton of refrigeration.
(c) COP. [16]

3. (a) Explain the working of a rotary screw compressor. [10]

(b) How the capacity control is achieved in refrigerant compressor? [6]

4. (a) Differentiate between flooded type and dry expansion type evaporators. [6]
(b) Explain the working of thermostatic expansion valve with the help of a neat
sketch. [10]

5. (a) Enumerate the advantages and disadvantages of three fluid over two fluid
vapour absorption refrigeration systems. [8]
(b) Why the performance of the Absorption system low compare to compression
system? [4]
(c) What is the function of analyzer in a absorption system. [4]

6. (a) With the help of a simple schematic explain the working of steam jet refriger-
ation system. [10]
(b) What are the merits and limitations of steam jet refrigeration system. [6]

7. (a) Describe the following psychrometric processes [8]

i. cooling with dehumidification

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Code No: RR410305 Set No. 4
ii. cooling with adiabatic humidification
(b) 100 m3 of air per minute at 15o c DBT and 80% RH is heated until its tem-
perature become 22o c. Find the following
i. Heat added to the air per minute
ii. RH of heated air
iii. WBT of heated air
Assume air pressure is 1.033 bar [8]

8. Draw the Air to Air heat pump circuit in which [8+8=16]

(a) The flow of air is not changed

(b) The refrigerator circuit is maintained same
Describe the working of them when used for producing heating and cooling
effects.

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