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MVA Method For Short Circuit Analysis

The MVA method is used for short circuit analysis as an alternative to the impedance method. It involves: 1) Converting a circuit diagram showing impedances into an equivalent MVA diagram by replacing each component with its maximum short circuit current rating in MVA at a unit voltage. 2) Calculating the total short circuit MVA contribution at each node by using formulas to combine components in series and parallel in the same way resistances are combined. 3) Determining the short circuit current from the total MVA and voltage using the formula Isc = MVA / V.

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463 views2 pages

MVA Method For Short Circuit Analysis

The MVA method is used for short circuit analysis as an alternative to the impedance method. It involves: 1) Converting a circuit diagram showing impedances into an equivalent MVA diagram by replacing each component with its maximum short circuit current rating in MVA at a unit voltage. 2) Calculating the total short circuit MVA contribution at each node by using formulas to combine components in series and parallel in the same way resistances are combined. 3) Determining the short circuit current from the total MVA and voltage using the formula Isc = MVA / V.

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jiguparmar1516
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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What is the MVA method for short circuit analysis?

The MVA method is a modification of the Ohmic method where the impedance of a circuit equals the sum of the impedances of components constituting the circuit. Using the admittances, it follows that the reciprocal of the system impedance is the sum of the reciprocals of the admittances of the components. By very definition, the circuit component admittance is the ma imum current or !VA at unit voltage which would flow through the circuit or component to a short circuit or fault when supplied from a source of infinite capacity. "n practice, the MVA method is used #y separating the circuit into components and calculating each component with its own infinite #us as shown in figures a) and b) #elow$

%igure a& is a typical impedance diagram of a one line diagram. %igure #& is an MVA diagram. The conversion from impedance diagram 'part a & to MVA diagram 'part b & is a simple arifmetic. The ()** MVA power supply is merely given a short circuit MVA rating. +ometimes, if the system MVA is not availa#le, #ut its voltage and impedance are given, the short circuit MVA can #e calculated #y MVASC = KV2 X Y formula. The very same formula is used to calculate the short circuit MVA rating of the ,- .V /01.23 Ohm ca#le. 4e t, for the ,-5(6.V /0*.*3, () MVA transformer use MVASC = MVA / Zp.u. formula. The short circuit MVA contri#ution of the () MVA /d0*.6 motor is equal to its own MVA #ase divided its own per unit impedance. As a conversion is #eing made, an MVA diagram is #eing developed. One line diagram a& is replaced with MVA diagram #&. "f a short circuit is ta.en at the (6 .V #us, there will #e a series flow of MVA0()**, MVA0(61* and MVA0(-2, and their com#ination will #e in parallel with the motor +7 MVA03). 7om#ined MVA of components connected in series and parallel are calculated using following formulas$

+eries $ MVA(, 6 0 MVA( / MVA6 5 'MVA( 8 MVA6& 9arallel $ MVA(, 6 0 MVA( 8 MVA6 As can #e seen from the formulas a#ove, series MVAs are #eing calculated same as resistances in parallel. 9arallel MVA com#inations are done same as resistances in series. MVA diagram undergoes same reduction process as impedance diagram #y only e eption that MVA values are used instead of per unit impedances or reactances. "n our e ample, MVA(,6 0 ()** (61* 5 '()** 8 (61*& 0 ,3). This is new MVA(. MVA(,1 0 ,3) (-2 5 ',3) 8 (-2&0 ()1. MVA(8: 0 MVA( 8 MVA: 0 ()1 8 3) 0 662. Once the short circuit MVA is found, short circuit current value can #e determined using "%, .A 0 MVA% 5 (.31 / .V formula. +o, the short circuit current at (6 .V #us "+7 0 662 5 '(.31 (6& 0 (( .A. The a#ove appro imation 1) is recogni;ed and widely accepta#le #y industry in calculating power system short circuits where the reactance of all circuit components far e ceeds resistance producing a consistently high /5< ratio throughout system. "n fact, the program performs vector addition of +7 MVA contri#uted #y system equipments with ar#itrary /5< ratios at every point where they intersect. This provides an e tremely accurate analysis of the ma imum short circuit MVA any node can #e su#=ect to. >hen doing the calculations #y hand, use the formulas #elow to calculate total MVA of components connected in series and parallel with the /5< ad=ustments$ +?<"?+ $ MVA(, 6 0 MVA( MVA6 A6( A66 5 ' MVA6( A6( A66 8 MVA66 A66 A6( 8 6 MVA( MVA6 A( A6 '( 8 '/5<&( '/5<&6& & '/5<&(,6 0 'MVA( A( '/5<&6 8 MVA6 A6 '/5<&(& 5 'MVA( A( 8 MVA6 A6& where A( 0 '( 8 '/5<&(&(56, A6 0 '( 8 '/5<&6&(56 9A<A@@?@ $ MVA(,6 0 ( 5 A(,6 A(,6 0 '<(,6 8 /(,6&(56 <(,6 0 ' <( '<66 8 /66& 8 <6 '<6( 8 /6(& & 5 ' '<( 8 <6&6 8 '/( 8 /6&6 & /(,6 0 ' /( '<66 8 /66& 8 /6 '<6( 8 /6(& & 5 ' '<( 8 <6&6 8 '/( 8 /6&6 & where, <( 0 ( 5 ' MVA( '( 8 '/5<&(6&(56&, <6 0 ( 5 ' MVA6 '( 8 '/5<&66&(56& /( 0 <( '/5<&(, /6 0 <6 '/5<&6 As can #e easily proved, the a#ove formulas for series and parallel MVA values simplify to forms 1) when /5< ratios are equal

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