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Fluid: Static Dynamic

This document contains 13 questions regarding fluid mechanics concepts. It includes diagrams of systems involving pipes, reservoirs, manometers, and more. Readers are asked to use principles of pressure, flow rate, fluid properties, and fluid statics to analyze the systems and calculate related values like differential pressure, height of fluid columns, and minimum pump speed.

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An Mohd
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677 views

Fluid: Static Dynamic

This document contains 13 questions regarding fluid mechanics concepts. It includes diagrams of systems involving pipes, reservoirs, manometers, and more. Readers are asked to use principles of pressure, flow rate, fluid properties, and fluid statics to analyze the systems and calculate related values like differential pressure, height of fluid columns, and minimum pump speed.

Uploaded by

An Mohd
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EBT 317-FLUID MECHANICS ASSIGNMENT 1

Question 1 The pressure in a natural gas pipeline is measured by the manometer shown in Figure 1 with one of the arms open to the atmosphere where the local atmospheric pressure is 14.2 psia. Calculate the absolute pressure in the pipeline (show your calculation method and answer in SI unit).

Figure 1

Question 2 The 500-kg load on the hydraulic lift shown in Figure 2 is to be raised by pouring oil ( =780 kg/m3) into a thin tube. Determine how high h should be in order to begin to raise the weight.

Figure 2

Question 3 Pressure is often given in terms of a liquid column and is expressed as pressure head. Express the standard atmospheric pressure in terms of (a) mercury (SG = 13.6), (b) water (SG = 1.0), and (c) glycerin (SG = 1.26) columns. Evaluate why we usually use mercury in manometers.

Question 4 A simple experiment has long been used to demonstrate how negative pressure prevents water from being spilled out of an inverted glass. A glass that is fully filled by water and covered with a thin paper is inverted, as shown in Figure 3. Determine the pressure at the bottom of the glass, and evaluate why water does not fall out.

Figure 3

Question 5 Two chambers with the same fluid at their base are separated by a piston whose weight is 25 N, as shown in Figure 4. Calculate the gage pressures in chambers A and B.

Figure 4

Question 6 Consider the system shown in Figure 5. If a change of 0.7 kPa in the pressure of air causes the brine-mercury interface in the right column to drop by 5 mm in the brine level in the right column while the pressure in the brine pipe remains constant, determine the ratio of A2/A1.

Figure 5

Question 7 In cold climates, water pipes may freeze and burst if proper precautions are not taken. In such an occurrence, the exposed part of a pipe on the ground ruptures, and water shoots up to 34 m. Estimate the gage pressure of water in the pipe. State your assumptions and discuss if the actual pressure is more or less than the value you predicted. Question 8 Water flows through a horizontal pipe consists of two sections of diameters 0.2 m and 0.1 m (Figure 6) with a smooth reducing section at a rate of 3800 cm3/s. The pressure difference between the two pipe sections is measured by a mercury manometer. Calculate the differential height of mercury between the two pipe sections.

Figure 6

Question 9 Water flows steadily downward through the pipe shown in Figure 7. Viscous effects are negligible, and the pressure gage indicates the pressure zero at point (1). Calculate the flowrate and the pressure at point (2).

Figure 7

Question 10 A pressurized tank of water has a 10-cm-diameter orifice at the bottom, where water discharges to the atmosphere (Figure 7). The water level is 3 m above the outlet. The tank air pressure above the water level is 300 kPa (absolute) while the atmospheric pressure is 100 kPa. Neglecting frictional effects, determine the initial discharge rate of water from the tank.

Figure 8

Question 11 A siphon pumps water from a large reservoir to a lower tank that is initially empty. The tank also has a rounded orifice 450 cm below the reservoir surface where the water leaves the tank. Both the siphon and the orifice diameters are 5 cm. Ignoring frictional losses, calculate to what height the water will rise in the tank at equilibrium.

Question 12 Air at 110 kPa and 50C flows upward through a 6-cm-diameter inclined duct at a rate of 45 L/s. The duct diameter is then reduced to 4 cm through a reducer (Figure 8). The pressure change across the reducer is measured by a water manometer. The elevation difference between the two points on the pipe where the two arms of the manometer are attached is 0.20 m. Calculate the differential height between the fluid levels of the two arms of the manometer.

Figure 9

Question 13 A handheld bicycle pump can be used as an atomizer to generate a fine mist of paint or pesticide by forcing air at a high velocity through a small hole and placing a short tube between the liquid reservoir and the high-speed air jet whose low pressure drives the liquid up through the tube. In such an atomizer, the hole diameter is 0.3 cm, the vertical distance between the liquid level in the tube and the hole is 10 cm, and the bore (diameter) and the stroke of the air pump are 5 cm and 20 cm, respectively. If the atmospheric conditions are 20C and 95 kPa, calculate the minimum speed that the piston must be moved in the cylinder during pumping to initiate the atomizing effect. The liquid reservoir is open to the atmosphere.

Figure 10

Due date of submission: 8 November 2013 (Question 1, 5, 8, 10, 13)

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