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Lec10 Pic Inst

This document provides an overview of the PIC instruction set and some tips for programming PIC microcontrollers. It describes the general form and addressing modes of PIC instructions. Examples are provided for common instructions like MOVLW, ADDWF, BSF, and more. Programming tips are also included for tasks like turning on/off LEDs, declaring variables, designating I/O ports, and reading sensor inputs to control outputs.

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Salah Dahouathi
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60 views37 pages

Lec10 Pic Inst

This document provides an overview of the PIC instruction set and some tips for programming PIC microcontrollers. It describes the general form and addressing modes of PIC instructions. Examples are provided for common instructions like MOVLW, ADDWF, BSF, and more. Programming tips are also included for tasks like turning on/off LEDs, declaring variables, designating I/O ports, and reading sensor inputs to control outputs.

Uploaded by

Salah Dahouathi
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EECE416: Microcomputer Fundamentals and Design

source: www.mwftr.com

PIC Instruction Set and Some Tips for Programming

Dr. Charles J. Kim Howard University


1

F877 Instruction Set


14-Bit Word Byte-Oriented Instruction F: File Register (or RAM) D: Destination D=0: Destination W D=1: Destination File Register Bit-Oriented Instruction B: Bit Field F: Register File where the Bit is located Literal and Control Operation K: 8-bit constant
2

General Form of Instruction

Instruction List

Destination of the result & Machine Code


D=0: Destination D=1: Destination W File Register (Default)

addwf PORTD ; Add content of PORTD to content of the W and store the result back into PORTD addwf PORTD, 0 ; Add content of PORTD to content of the W and store the result into W

Register Addressing Modes


Immediate Addressing
(ex) MOVLW 0x0F

Direct Addressing
Uses 7 bits of 14 bit instruction to identify a register file address 8th and 9th bit comes from RP0 and RP1 bits of STATUS register. Initial condition for RP0 and RP1: RP1=RP0=0 (ex) SSPCON EQU 0x14 STATUS EQU 0x03 SSPSTAT EQU 0x94 BCF STATUS, 0x05 BCF SSPCON, 0x01 BSF STATUS, 0x05 BCF SSPSTAT, 0x02

Direct Addressing - Recap

Indirect Addressing
INDF register
Any instruction using the INDF actually accesses the register pointed to by the File Select Register (FSR).

A 9-bit EA is obtained by concatenating the 8-bit FSR register and the IRP bit(STATUS<7>) Example: Erase the RAM section of 0x20-0x2F
Movlw Movwf Next clrf incf btfss goto 0x20; pointer FSR INDF FSR FSR, 4 next

Direct vs. Indirect Addressing

Instruction Sets description convention

10

addlw

11

addwf

12

andlw

13

andwf

14

Bcf & bsf

15

btfsc

16

Btfss

17

Call

18

CLRF & CLRW

19

COMF & DECF

20

DECFSZ

21

GOTO & INCF

22

INCFSZ

23

IORLW & IORWF

24

MOVLW & MOVF

25

MOVWF & NOP

26

RETFIE & RETLW

27

RETURN

28

RLF & RRF

29

SUBLW & SUBWF

30

SWAPF & XORLW

31

XORWF

32

F877 Instruction Programming Tips


Tips on Instruction Skills and Tricks Frequently Met Situations

(a) Turn on/off an LED


An LED is connected to a pin at one, say, PORTB<0>, and to a ground at the other. Use a bit-oriented file register operation:
bsf PORTB, 0x00 ;to turn on and BSF PORTB, 0 ;same effect bcf PORTB, 0x00 ;to turn off. BCF PORTB, 0 ;same OFF

33

Tips Variable Declaration


(b)Variable Declaration
In C:

byte temp int x


In PIC: Variables must occupy physical RAM space CBLOCK ENDC pair Example:

34

Tips I/O designation


(c) I/O designation to the I/O Port
I/O Ports: PORTA, PORTB, PORTC, PORTD, PORTE Bi-directional Input or Output I/O selection file register
TRISA for PORTA; TRISB for PORTB; TRISC for PORTC TRISD for PORTD; TRISE for PORTE Each pin can be selected as
1: Input 0: Output

35

Tips Reading Sensor Input


(e) Reading sensor (digital) input and decision-making based on the input PIR motion detector & buzzer example PIR output
1: No motion detected 0: Motion detected

Buzzer
1: Buzzer On 0: Buzzer Off

Use BTFSS or BTFSC


39

Sample Code

40

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