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Load Test On Three Phase Induction Motor: Experiment No: 1

The document summarizes an experiment to measure the performance characteristics of a three-phase induction motor by conducting a load test. Key measurements are taken at no load and various load conditions, including voltage, current, speed, power, torque. Performance metrics like efficiency, power factor, slip are calculated. The results are tabulated and graphs are plotted between output power and various parameters. The experiment helps determine the motor's characteristics at different loads.

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Bodhayan Prasad
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3K views4 pages

Load Test On Three Phase Induction Motor: Experiment No: 1

The document summarizes an experiment to measure the performance characteristics of a three-phase induction motor by conducting a load test. Key measurements are taken at no load and various load conditions, including voltage, current, speed, power, torque. Performance metrics like efficiency, power factor, slip are calculated. The results are tabulated and graphs are plotted between output power and various parameters. The experiment helps determine the motor's characteristics at different loads.

Uploaded by

Bodhayan Prasad
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment No: 1

LOAD TEST ON THREE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR


AIM: To conduct the load test on a three phase induction motor and to plot its performance characteristics.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

'

*0A (

10A

MI M (0-10A) A V (0-600V) MI
V

$1 '

$&

)00V *-"hase / 50 +, A$uppl.

T " $ T 1

*0A

T " $ T &

10A / Three-phase Induction Motor


V 4

6
( (ra1e 2rum

( *0A (

10A
M

500V 10A !"# 23!(40 040M05T WATTM0T0' 0 *7 Autotransformer

APPARATUS REQUIRED: Sl. No. 1. &. '. (. ). *. P rti!"l r# Three-phase Auto Transformer Ammeter Voltmeter Wattmeter Tachometer T"$T $%itch Spe!i$i! tion# (0-10A)MI (0-600V)MI 500V 10A !"# Q" ntit% 1 1 1 1 1 &

+ORMULAS USED: 1. Tor8ue T 9 :.;1< ($1=$&) <' (5-m) Where s1 and s& are the readin>s of sprin> ?alance ' is the radious of the ?ra1e drum(m) & NT 60 3utput po%er "0 9 (W) Where 5 is the speed of the motor (rpm) * VL I L cos (W) Input po%er "i 9 PO 100 @ efficienc. 9 Pin Where "in is the input po%er (W) Pin "o%er #actor cos 9 * V L I L Where V4 is the line Aolta>e (V) I4 is the line current (A) ( 1&0 f ) $.nchronous speed 5s 9 (rpm) p Where f is the #re8uenc. of the input suppl. " is the 5um?er of poles Ns N 100 "ercenta>e slip @s 9 Ns Multiplication #actor 9
* C V C I C cos full scale deflection

&. *. ).

5.

6.

B. ;.

THEOR,: The induction motor consists of a fiDed stator core carr.in> a *- phase %indin> in its slots. A rotor carr.in> a ca>e %indin> also in slots is free to rotate %ith in the stator. The stator %indin> is connected to the suppl. and an uniform rotatin> ma>netic field is produced therein this induces emf in the rotor. Thus currents are produced in the rotor. These currents interact %ith the rotatin> field to produce the tor8ue. The rotor rotates in the direction of the rotatin> stator field. The rotor runs at a lesser speed than the s.nchronous speed. This >iAes rise to slipEsF. The rotor cannot rotate in s.nchronous speed if it does so then no emf %ill ?e induced and hence no current su?se8uentl. no tor8ue. !nder the no load conditions the rotor is short circuited and current is Aer. small ?ecause onl. the loss tor8ue (%inda>e and friction) has to ?e deAeloped. The stator ta1es a correspondin> actiAe current %ith %hich the core loss current is the actual no load

&

current component. The ma>neti,in> current is much lar>er than the actiAe current so that the no load po%er factor is lo%. If a load tor8ue is applied to the shaft the rotor tends to slo% do%n. The rotor emf conse8uentl. increases and %ith it the rotor current. $ince the rotor fre8uenc. is lo% the inductiAe reactance has little effect and the rotor current is nearl. in phase %ith the rotor emf. This current is the tor8ue producin> current. The slip increases so as to proAide enou>h load current and tor8ue. $o the load tor8ue and slip are proportional. The increase in rotor current raises the actiAe component of stator current and since the ma>neti,in> current remains practicall. constant the po%er factor increases considera?l.. The efficienc. increases from ,ero at no load to a maDimum at usuall. ?elo% full load. The maDimum efficienc. occurs rou>hl. at the point %here the stator and rotor copper losses sum to an amount e8ual to the no load constant losses. At hi>her load the copper losses increase more rapidl. than the output. +ence the efficienc. falls slo%l.. Within its normal Aolta>e of loadin> the induction motor is a constant speed motor. The efficienc. and po%er factor o?taina?le on full load naturall. depend on the si,e of the machine. PRECAUTIONS: 1. (oth the T"$Ts should ?e 1ept in open condition. &. Autotransformer should ?e 1ept at ,ero position. *. Initiall. the motor should ?e in no load condition. ). The ?ra1e drum should ?e cooled re>ularl. throu>hout the eDperiment. PROCEDURE: 1. -onnections haAe to ?e >iAen as per the circuit dia>ram. &. The ?ra1e drum is 1ept in loose condition. (5o load) *. T"$T1 and T"$T& are closed and autotransformer is Aaried sli>htl. so that the ammeter sho%s the maDimum current readin> and comes to stead. state current. (i.e. no load current) ). The autotransformer is adGusted to >et rated Aolta>e in the Aoltmeter. 5. The no load readin>s are noted.

6. The motor is loaded in steps usin> the ?ra1e drum arran>ement and correspondin> ammeter Aoltmeter %attmeter and sprin> ?alance readin>s are noted do%n. B. The procedure is continued up to the rated current of the motor. The readin>s are ta?ulated. TA-ULATION: $prin> ?alance 4ine 4ine $peed readin>s $l. Volta>e -urrent 5 (H>) 5o. V4 I4 (rpm) $1 $& $ =$ 1 & (V) (A)

Wattmeter readin> (W)

3?serAed

actual

Tor8ue T (5-m)

"o%er #actor

cos

3utput po%er "o (W)

@ $lip

MODEL GRAPH: / "o Vs ".f "o Vs @ I 5 (rpm) T (5m) I4 (A) "o Vs T "o Vs 5 "o Vs I4

".f (cos 7) @I
"o (W) MODEL CALCULATIONS: RESULT: IN+ERENCE: J

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