Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 148 views

    Rayon & Acetate

    Uploaded by

    장지용
    The document discusses different types of rayon and cellulosic fibers, including their properties and production processes. It provides details on high tenacity rayon, modal, polynosics, cuprammonium rayon, viscose, and lyocell fibers. The production of viscose involves hazardous by-products, while lyocell uses a more environmentally friendly solvent-based process. Lyocell fibers have properties more similar to cotton than viscose fibers due to differences in their molecular structure and production method.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Rayon & Acetate

    Uploaded by

    장지용
    148 views13 pages
    The document discusses different types of rayon and cellulosic fibers, including their properties and production processes. It provides details on high tenacity rayon, modal, polynosics, cuprammonium rayon, viscose, and lyocell fibers. The production of viscose involves hazardous by-products, while lyocell uses a more environmentally friendly solvent-based process. Lyocell fibers have properties more similar to cotton than viscose fibers due to differences in their molecular structure and production method.

    Original Description:

    Rayon & Acetate

    Original Title

    1. Rayon & Acetate

    Copyright

    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses different types of rayon and cellulosic fibers, including their properties and production processes. It provides details on high tenacity rayon, modal, polynosics, cuprammonium rayon, viscose, and lyocell fibers. The production of viscose involves hazardous by-products, while lyocell uses a more environmentally friendly solvent-based process. Lyocell fibers have properties more similar to cotton than viscose fibers due to differences in their molecular structure and production method.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    148 views13 pages

    Rayon & Acetate

    Uploaded by

    장지용
    The document discusses different types of rayon and cellulosic fibers, including their properties and production processes. It provides details on high tenacity rayon, modal, polynosics, cuprammonium rayon, viscose, and lyocell fibers. The production of viscose involves hazardous by-products, while lyocell uses a more environmentally friendly solvent-based process. Lyocell fibers have properties more similar to cotton than viscose fibers due to differences in their molecular structure and production method.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 13

    Conventional batch process for viscose rayon manufacture

    Cross-section of rayon fiber

    Properties of High Tenacity Rayon

    Denier (De)

    Strength (dry, g/d)

    Strength (wet, g/d)

    Elongation (dry, %)

    Elongation (wet, %)

    Youngs Modulus (kg/mm2)

    Crystallinity (%)

    High Tenacity Rayon

    1.5 1.5 1.5

    4.0 2.9 4.6

    2.9 1.7 4.5

    22 16 5

    28 19 7

    800 800 850

    29 33 61

    Regular Rayon
    Cotton

    Properties of Modal
    Produced from beech wood (Lenzing, Austria) Higher tenacity, stronger and more stable than rayon and cotton Kind of HWM(High Wet Modulus), and different from general polynosic in terms of degree of polymerization and crystallinity Overall physical properties

    - wet modulus > 0.5, higher whiteness than cotton, gravity ~ 1.5, degree of polymerization ~ 400, high
    wet modulus with small elongation rate (%)

    Modal vs. Polynosics


    Degree of polymerization - Modal ~ 400, Polynosic > 500 Production - Modal: Viscose solution containing amine-based additives is extruded through zinc-concentrated coagulation bath, typicall 40~50 m/min, using typical spinning machine for rayon fiber

    - Polynosic: Viscose solution of high DP is spun into coagulation bath of low acidity at low temperature,
    and then went to drawing process with higher draw ratio

    Spinning of Polynosics

    A: viscose solution B: spinneret C: coagulation bath (1% H2SO4) D: guiding roller E: godet roller F: guiding roller G: take-up bobbin H: side-view of E
    6

    Spinning of Cuprammonium Rayon

    A: spinning unit B: guiding funnel C: water inlet D: steel rod E: guiding roller F: take-up bobbin
    7

    Comparison: Viscose vs. Lyocell

    Viscose

    Lyocell

    Comparison: Viscose vs. Lyocell


    Problems in viscose process - Environmentally unfriendly by-products (Sulfur Compounds, ammonia, Cu salts, Zn Salts), which must be completely removed or chemically disposed of before discharged into the environment. - Viscose not entirely satisfactory for making cotton like fabrics poor mechanical properties, high swelling and increase in wet elongation under low stress

    Advantages of NMMO Process - Process utilizes materials that are environmentally clean and recycling of the solvent is an internal part of the process.

    - Apart from environmentally friendly the NMMO process for the production of cellulosic fibers is
    potentially more cost effective and faster than the viscose process. - Lyocell process take up to three hours to produce fibers compare to 40 hours in the case of viscose process

    Overall Properties

    Structure and properties of Lyocell - since Lyocell is just dissolved cellulose in NMMO and not making any cellulose derivatives, it has a

    different molecular structure than other regenerated cellulosic fibres.


    10

    Diagram of Lyocell process

    11

    Cellulose acetate process

    12

    Position of OHs during 1,4-addition of glucose

    Cellulose from b-glucose

    Starch from a-glucose : amylose, amylopectin

    Amylose : linear polymer of glucose linked mainly by (14) bonds Amylopectin : highly branched polymer of glucose having (16) bonds

    13

    You might also like