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    Africa

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    Africa

    Uploaded by

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    184 views26 pages

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    africa

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    Copyright:

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    184 views26 pages

    Africa

    Uploaded by

    api-241124398

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 26

    Early Civilizations in Africa

    Africas Size
    4600 MILES 5 0 0 0 M I L E S

    # Second largest continent # 10% of the worlds population

    The Continent of Africa

    2004 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning is a trademark used herein under license.

    The Emergence of Civilization


    The Land 5,000 miles long Sahara is the great divide Nomadicherders Migration: Bantu peoples
    cultivation of crops and

    ironworking

    Family=basic social unit Extended families/clans Animism: spiritual religion/ancestor worship Griots: specialized storytellers, pass history

    Ancient Africa

    2004 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning is a trademark used herein under license.

    Bantu migration spread use of iron across continent

    Axum

    Axum trading state, goods from South Asia to the Mediterranean Prosperous Control of ivory trade Had written language Followed Coptic Christianity Mixes Christian beliefs and African traditions Would be renamed Ethiopia

    Stele, Ezanas Royal Tomb, Aksum (4c)

    Christian Church, Lalibela

    Christian Church, Lalibela

    Coptic Christian Priest

    The States of West Africa


    Expansion

    of Islam

    Arabic Gold-Salt Trade Very wealthy Kings did not convert to Islam, people did Gold trade Mansa Musa (1312-1337), encouraged Islam, built university in Timbuktu

    Ghana

    Mali

    Gold-Salt Trade

    SALT

    Berbers

    GOLD

    Ghana Empire [4c-11c]

    Gold Money, Ghana/Ivory Coast

    Salt

    King of Ghana
    "The King . . .(wears). . . necklaces round his neck and bracelets on his forearms and he puts on a high cap decorated with gold and wrapped in a turban of fine cotton. He (meets people) in a domed pavilion around which stand ten horses covered with goldembroidered materialsand on his right, are the sons of the (lesser) kings of his country, wearing splendid garments and their hair plaited with gold. At the door of the pavilion are dogs of excellent pedigree. Round their necks they wear collars of gold and silver, studded with a number of balls of the same metals."

    10th century geographer Al-Bakri, quoted in Corpus of Early Arabic Sources for West African History.

    Mali Empire [13c-15c]

    SALT

    GOLD

    Timbuktu-Heavenly Clay

    Timbuktu Rooftop, Mosque

    Great Mosque at Djenne, Mali

    Mansa Musa [r. 1312-1337]

    East Africa
    Self-governing

    city-states Trade with the interior, Indian Ocean, China, and along the coast Ex: Zanzibar Mixed African-Arab culture Mixed culture and language called Swahili

    Swahili-Speaking Areas of E. Africa

    SWAHILI [the coast] = Bantu + some Arabic

    Stateless Societies in Southern Africa


    From

    the basin of the Congo River to the Cape of Good Hope Stateless society: power is not in a government Progress made with regional trade Zimbabwe (Sacred House, Great Stone House)

    Capital known as Great Zimbabwe Benefited from trade between interior and coast Evidence of great wealth, but Great Zimbabwe abandoned

    Great Zimbabwe [1200-1450]

    Great Zimbabwe Street

    Great Enclosure, Zimbabwe

    African Culture
    Painting and Sculpture

    Rock paintings, wood carving, pottery, metalwork Often served religious purposes Wide variety of instruments Integration of voice and instrument Music produced for social rituals and educational purposes Pyramid Stone pillars Stone buildings Sometimes reflected Moorish styles Written works did not exist in the early traditional period Professional storytellers, bards Importance of women in passing down oral traditions

    Music and Dance


    Architecture

    Literature

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