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    Redox Reactn Balancing

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    shahanasnizar
    The document contains 16 examples of redox reactions with their step-by-step workings. It demonstrates how to balance redox reactions using the ion-electron method by writing separate half-reactions under acidic conditions and then combining them under basic conditions. Common mistakes are highlighted, such as ensuring the number of electrons transferred is equal between half-reactions. The document emphasizes hydroxide ions are regenerated in base-catalyzed reactions.

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    Redox Reactn Balancing

    Uploaded by

    shahanasnizar
    2K views4 pages
    The document contains 16 examples of redox reactions with their step-by-step workings. It demonstrates how to balance redox reactions using the ion-electron method by writing separate half-reactions under acidic conditions and then combining them under basic conditions. Common mistakes are highlighted, such as ensuring the number of electrons transferred is equal between half-reactions. The document emphasizes hydroxide ions are regenerated in base-catalyzed reactions.

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    The document contains 16 examples of redox reactions with their step-by-step workings. It demonstrates how to balance redox reactions using the ion-electron method by writing separate half-reactions under acidic conditions and then combining them under basic conditions. Common mistakes are highlighted, such as ensuring the number of electrons transferred is equal between half-reactions. The document emphasizes hydroxide ions are regenerated in base-catalyzed reactions.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    2K views4 pages

    Redox Reactn Balancing

    Uploaded by

    shahanasnizar
    The document contains 16 examples of redox reactions with their step-by-step workings. It demonstrates how to balance redox reactions using the ion-electron method by writing separate half-reactions under acidic conditions and then combining them under basic conditions. Common mistakes are highlighted, such as ensuring the number of electrons transferred is equal between half-reactions. The document emphasizes hydroxide ions are regenerated in base-catalyzed reactions.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    1) NH3 + ClO¯ ---> N2H4 + Cl¯

    2) Au + O2 + CN¯ ---> Au(CN)2¯ + H2O2

    3) Br¯ + MnO4¯ ---> MnO2 + BrO3¯

    4) AlH4¯ + H2CO ---> Al3+ + CH3OH

    5) Se + Cr(OH)3 ---> Cr + SeO32¯

    Answers to Probs. 1-5

    6) H2O2 + Cl2O7 ---> ClO2¯ + O2

    7) Fe + NiO2 ---> Fe(OH)2 + Ni(OH)2

    8) MnO4¯ + H2O2 ---> MnO2 + O2

    9) Zn + BrO4¯ ---> [Zn(OH)4]2¯ + Br¯

    10) MnO4¯ + S2¯ ---> MnO2 + S8

    Answers to Probs. 6-10

    11) Pb(OH)42¯ + ClO¯ ---> PbO2 + Cl¯

    12) Tl2O3 + NH2OH ---> TlOH + N2

    13) Fe(OH)2 + CrO42¯ ---> Fe2O3 + Cr(OH)4¯

    14) Cr(OH)3 + Cl2 ---> Cl¯ + CrO42¯

    15) CN¯ + IO3¯ ---> I¯ + CNO¯

    Answers to Probs. 11-15

    16) P4 ---> HPO32¯ + PH3

    Answer to Prob. 16
    1) the two half-reactions, balanced as if in acidic solution:

    2NH3 ---> N2H4 + 2H+ + 2e¯


    2e¯ + 2H+ + ClO¯ ---> Cl¯ + H2O

    electrons already equal, convert to basic solution:

    2OH¯ + 2NH3 ---> N2H4 + 2H2O + 2e¯


    2e¯ + 2H2O + ClO¯ ---> Cl¯ + H2O + 2OH¯

    Comment: that's 2 OH¯, not 20 H¯. It's a common mistake.

    the final answer:

    2HN3 + ClO¯ ---> N2H4 + Cl¯ + H2O

    Notice that no hydroxide appears in the final answer. That means this is a base-catalyzed
    reaction. For the reaction to occur, the solution must be basic and hydroxide IS
    consumed. It is just regenerated in the exact same amount, so it cancels out in the final
    answer.

    2) the two half-reactions, balanced as if in acidic solution:

    2CN¯ + Au ---> Au(CN)2¯ + e¯


    2e¯ + 2H+ + O2 ---> H2O2

    make electrons equal, convert to basic solution:

    2 [2CN¯ + Au ---> Au(CN)2¯ + e¯]


    2e¯ + 2H2O + O2 ---> H2O2 + 2OH¯

    the final answer:

    4CN¯ + 2Au + 2H2O + O2 ---> 2Au(CN)2¯ + H2O2 + 2OH¯

    Comment: the CN¯ is neither reduced nor oxidized, but it is necessary for the reaction.
    For example, you might see this way of writing the problem:

    Au + O2 ---> Au(CN)2¯ + H2O2


    Notice that CN¯ does not appear on the left side, but does so on the right. Since you
    MUST balance the equation, that means you are allowed to use CN¯ in your balancing.
    An important point here is that you know the cyanide polyatomic ion has a negative one
    charge.

    3) the two half-reactions, balanced as if in acidic solution:

    3H2O + Br¯ ---> BrO3¯ + 6H+ + 6e¯


    3e¯ + 4H+ + MnO4¯ ---> MnO2 + 2H2O

    make the number of electrons equal:

    3H2O + Br¯ ---> BrO3¯ + 6H+ + 6e¯


    2 [3e¯ + 4H+ + MnO4¯ ---> MnO2 + 2H2O]

    convert to basic solution, by adding 6 OH¯ to the first half-reaction and 8 OH¯ to the
    second:

    6OH¯ + Br¯ ---> BrO3¯ + 3H2O + 6e¯


    6e¯ + 4H2O + 2MnO4¯ ---> 2MnO2 + 8OH¯

    the final answer:

    40H2S + 48H+ + 16MnO4¯ ---> 5S8 + 16Mn2+ + 64H2O

    4) the two half-reactions, balanced as if in acidic solution:

    AlH4¯ ---> Al3+ + 4H+ + 8e¯


    2e¯ + 2H+ + H2CO ---> CH3OH

    converted to basic by addition of hydroxide, second half-reaction multiplied by 4 (note


    that the hydrogen is oxidized from -1 to +1):

    4OH¯ + AlH4¯ ---> Al3+ + 4H2O + 8e¯


    4 [2e¯ + 2H2O + H2CO ---> CH3OH + 2OH¯]

    the final answer:

    AlH4¯ + 4H2O + 4H2CO ---> Al3+ + 4CH3OH + 4OH¯

    5) note that only the first half-reaction is balanced using the acid technique, the second is
    balanced using hydroxide:
    Se + 3H2O ---> SeO32¯ + 6H+ + 4e¯
    3e¯ + Cr(OH)3 ---> Cr + 3OH¯

    convert the first half-reaction by adding 6 hydroxide to each side, eliminate duplicate
    waters, makes the electrons equal, leading to the final answer:

    6OH¯ + 3Se + 4Cr(OH)3 ---> 4Cr + 3SeO32¯ + 9H2O

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