Scribd
Upload
186 views5 pages

Prob 3 ANS PDF

1. The document contains 5 problems involving the application of Bernoulli's equation and the continuity equation to fluid flow problems. 2. The first problem determines the pressure variation across a horizontal bend in fluid flow based on the given velocity profile. 3. The second problem calculates the maximum velocities at basement, first floor and second floor faucets based on the heights and a given maximum velocity. 4. The third problem determines the equilibrium height of water flowing into and out of holes in a tank bottom. 5. The fourth and fifth problems involve calculating readings on manometers and determining velocities and pressures using Bernoulli's equation, continuity equation and information about static pressures and stagnation points.

Uploaded by

James Thee
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
186 views5 pages

Prob 3 ANS PDF

1. The document contains 5 problems involving the application of Bernoulli's equation and the continuity equation to fluid flow problems. 2. The first problem determines the pressure variation across a horizontal bend in fluid flow based on the given velocity profile. 3. The second problem calculates the maximum velocities at basement, first floor and second floor faucets based on the heights and a given maximum velocity. 4. The third problem determines the equilibrium height of water flowing into and out of holes in a tank bottom. 5. The fourth and fifth problems involve calculating readings on manometers and determining velocities and pressures using Bernoulli's equation, continuity equation and information about static pressures and stagnation points.

Uploaded by

James Thee
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

Problems in Chapter 3 (Fluid Dynamics)

1. An incompressible, inviscid fluid flows steadily with circular streamlines around a horizontal bend as shown. The radial variation of the velocity profile is given by rv = ro vo where vo is the velocity at the inside of the bend which has a radius r = ro . Determine the pressure variation across the bend in terms of vo , ro , , r and po, where po is the pressure at r = ro . Neglect gravity.

(2) (1)

Sol) 1. Related with the Bernoulli e.q. across the streamline 2. Choose two points (1) (at r = ro ) & (2) (at r = r ) across the streamline 3. Apply the Bernoulli equation across the streamline (i.e. between (1) & (2)) ro v 2 r v2 po + dn + z1 (at r = ro) = p + dn + z2 (at r = r) ro r ro r where dn = dr , z1 = 0 , z 2 = 0 (Horizontal bend) 4. Using the velocity profile, v = (ro vo ) / r

then,

po = p (ro vo ) 2

ro

1 1 1 1 dr = p + (ro vo ) 2 [ 2 2 ] 3 2 r r ro

Finally,

p = po

1 1 1 (ro vo ) 2 [ 2 2 ] 2 r ro

or

p = po +

r 1 vo 2 [1 ( o ) 2 ] r 2

[ANSWER]

2. Water flows from the faucet on the first floor of the building shown with a maximum velocity of 20 ft/s. For steady inviscid flow, determine the maximum water velocity from the basement faucet and from the faucet on the second floor (assume each floor is 12 ft tall). Sol) From the simplified diagram as shown, Bernoullis equation along the streamline;

p1 +

1 1 v12 + z1 = p2 + v2 2 + z 2 [Between (1) and (2) (Basement)] 2 2 1 2 = p3 + v3 + z3 [Between (1) and (3) (1st floor)] 2 1 = p4 + v4 2 + z 4 [Between (1) and (4) (2nd floor)] 2

(4)

Since all pressures at the faucets (p2, p3, p4) are zero (Free jet) a) Water velocity at the basement faucet 1 1 p3 + v3 2 + z3 = p2 + v2 2 + z 2 2 2
v2 = 2 1 2 2 p3 + v3 + ( z3 z 2 ) p2 = v3 + 2 g ( z3 z 2 ) 2 (where v3 = 20 ft/s, and z3 z2 = 12 ft)

16 ft (3) 4 ft (1) 8 ft (2)


[since p2 = p3 = 0]

= (20) 2 + 2(32.2)(12) = 34.2 ft/s

[ANSWER]

b) Water velocity at the faucet on the second floor 1 1 2 2 p3 + v3 + z3 = p4 + v4 + z 4 2 2


v4 = 2 1 2 2 p3 + v3 + ( z3 z 4 ) p4 = v3 + 2 g ( z3 z 4 ) 2 (where v3 = 20 ft/s, and z3 z4 = 12 ft)

[since p4 = p3 = 0]

= (20) 2 + 2(32.2)(12) = 372.8 : Imaginary Unreal physical value No water at the second floor
[ANSWER]

3. (Bernoulli eq. & Continuity) Water flows into a large tank at a rate of 0.011 m3/s as shown. The water leaves the tank through 20 holes in the bottom of the tank, each of which produces a stream of 10-mm diameter. Determine the equilibrium height, h, for steady state operation.

(1)

Sol) 1. The equilibrium height h - Related with the continuity eq.


Q1 (into a tank) = Q2 (leaving through holes)

or
0.011 = 20 (holes) A2V2 = 20

(2)

D2 v2

2. In order to determine v2, the Bernoulli eq. along a streamline


p1 +

1 2 1 v1 + z1 = p2 + v2 2 + z2 2 2 where p1 = p2 = 0 (atmosphere), z1 = h , z 2 = 0 , v1 = 0

v 2 = 2 gh

0+

1 1 (0) 2 + (h) = 0 + v2 2 + (0) 2 2

3. Insert v2, determined from the Bernoulli eq. into the continuity eq.

4. (Bernoulli eq. & Continuity) Water flows through a pipe reducer as shown. The static pressures at (1) and (2) are measured by the inverted U-tube manometer containing oil of specific gravity, SG, less than one. Determine the manometer reading, h.

(B) (C)

(A)

Sol)

1. U-tube manometer reading

From (1) (A) (B) (C) (2)


p1 ( z 2 z1 ) l h + oil h + l = p2 where oil = SG

or

p1 p2 = ( z 2 z1 ) + (1 SG )h

2. p1 p2 : To be determined from the Bernoulli eq. 1 2 1 2 p1 + v1 + z1 = p2 + v2 + z2 2 2 1 1 or p1 p2 = ( z 2 z1 ) + v2 2 v12 2 2

3. By comparing two eqs.,


v 2 1 1 2 2 2 1 (1 SG )h = [v2 v1 ] = v2 1 2 2 v 2

4. v2 2 v12 : To be determined from the continuity eq. (Confined flow) Q1 = A1v1 =

D12 v1

D2 v2 = A2 v2 = Q2
2

v1 A2 D2 = = v2 A1 D12

5. We need one more condition to determine v2, (e.g. Q = A2 v2 )

5. (Bernoulli eq. & Continuity & Pitot tube) Two Pitot tubes and two static pressure taps are placed in the pipe contraction shown. The flowing fluid is water, and viscous effects are negligible. Determine the two manometer readings, h and H.

(C) l3 (3) (1) (A) l1 (2) (B) (D) (4)

Sol) (1) Manometer reading h between (1) & (2) From (1) (A) (B) (2)
p1 + l1 SGh (l1 h) = p2

where oil = SG

or

(1 SG )h = p2 p1 ( Independent to l1)

p2 p1 : To be determined from the Bernoulli eq. 1 1 2 2 p1 + v1 + z1 = p2 + v2 + z 2 2 2 where, z1 = 0 , z 2 = 0 , v1 = 0 & v2 = 0 (Stagnation points!!)

p 2 p1 = 0 and thus

h=0

(2) Manometer reading H between (3) & (4) [ (3) (C) (D) (4)] p3 (l3 or 1 ) + Air H + (l3 H ) = p4 12 where Air : Negligible

(H

1 ) = p3 p4 12

p3 p4 : To be determined from the Bernoulli eq. & the continuity eq.

p3 +

1 1 v32 + z3 = p4 + v4 2 + z4 2 2 where, z3 = 3 / 12 ft, z 4 = 2 / 12 ft, v3 = 2 ft/s, v4 =

A3 v3 A2

You might also like