PARAGRAF DOLDURMA / TEST 6 (40 ADET SORU)

Eskiehir YESDL

TEST 6
1Bows and arrows are one of man's oldest weapons. They gave early man an effective weapon to kill his enemies. The ordinary bow or short bow was used by nearly all early people. ----However, man overcame these faults by learning to track his targets at a close range. A) Hundreds of thousands of these bows were made and used for three hundred years B) Modern bows also have precise aiming devices C) It requires little strength to draw the string D) This bow had limited power and short range E) More changes have taken place in a bow in the past 25 years than in the last seven centuries 4People do not analyse every problem they meet. Sometimes they try to remember a solution from the last time they had a similar problem. ----Other times they begin to act without thinking. They try to find a solution by trial and error. However, when all these methods fail, the person with a problem has to start analyzing.

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A) There are some stages in analysing a problem B) They often accept the opinions or ideas of other people C) Humans are the only creatures that invent new technologies to solve problems D) As humans evolved, so did the complexity of our problems E) Problem solving is one of those abilities that allegedly distinguishes human beings from other animals

2-

Visual cues can help prevent absentmindedness. But be sure the cue is clear and available ----Don't leave it in the medicine chest and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket. A) However, it has a major impact on recalling the event later B) Thus, most episodes of absentmindedness are caused by a simple lack of attention C) For instance, If you want to remember to take a medication with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table D) In addition, lack of interest can lead to absent-mindedness E) You should pay more attention to your environment

5-

London taxi drivers know the capital like the back of their hands. -----. The reason they are so efficient is that they all have gone through a very tough training period to get special taxi driving license. A) They are among the most likely victims of workplace violence B) Most of the learner taxi drivers keep their previous jobs until they have obtained the license C) They are upset about rising gas prices and some other things D) They have to pay for their own expenses on the tests and the medical exam E) No matter how small or indistinct the street is, the driver will be able to get you there without any trouble

3-

You might be surprised to find out that the largest organ in your body is your skin, which you might not think of as an organ. No matter how you think of it, your skin is very important. It covers and protects everything inside your body. ----It holds everything together. A) It becomes thinner and more easily damaged B) Without skin, people's muscles, bones, and organs would be hanging out all over the place C) Cosmetics should be used carefully because these may cause allergic reactions D) One simple way to take care of your skin is to keep it clean E) If you have dry skin, you might use a moisturising lotion or cream

6-

Venus, the second planet from the Sun, is the Earth's near twin in key respects. ----. They are not gas giants that orbit much further out. The two resemble each other in diameter, mass, and density. Venus is also the Earth's nearest neighbour. A) The rotation is also opposite from that of Earth, with the Sun rising in the West B) The harsh conditions on Venus make it very inhospitable C) Both are small, solid planets that circle the Sun closely D) It has no solid surface like Earth E) Its air pressure is 90 times greater than the Earth's

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PARAGRAF DOLDURMA / TEST 6 (40 ADET SORU)

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7-

Solar astronomers do know that the Sun is divided into five layers or zones. Starting at the outside and going down into the Sun, the zones are the corona, chromosphere photosphere, convection zone, and the core. ----. But since the Sun has no solid surface, it is hard to tell where it ends and the main body of the Sun begins. A) Its beautiful rays are a sensational sight during an eclipse B) The centre of the Sun can never be directly observed C) By the time the Sun's rays reach the Earth, they are weak and invisible D) The first three zones are regarded as the Sun's atmosphere E) A clear view of the Sun's outer layer is usually prevented by the Sun's rays

10- There is diversity in Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training or potential development. . Some Japanese parents believe that this university-based program will increase the children's chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated schools and universities. A) In most Japanese preschools, surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction B) In large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools C) The vast majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents D) Japanese schools don't focus on teaching reading, writing, and mathematics E) They tend to appeal more to mothers who need a safe place for their children during the work day 11- In 1993, New York State ordered stores to charge a deposit on beverage containers. Plenty of companies were eager to accept the aluminium and glass as raw materials for new products. . The problem was not limited to New York. Unfortunately, there were too few uses for second-hand plastic. A) Today, most of the plastic soda bottles are recycled in the United States B) Within a year, consumers had returned millions of aluminium cans and glass and plastic bottles C) There are many companies across the country buying discarded plastic bottles D) Recycling is already the least expensive waste-management option E) But because few could figure out what to do with the plastic, much of it was buried in landfills 12- In 1971, the great Persian Empire celebrated the 2500th anniversary of its founding. . His son Cambyses succeeded him, conquering Egypt and expanding the empire. Darius I followed him and was probably the most famous of this long line of kings. A) The magnificent city of Persepolis, founded in 518 B.C., was a ceremonial centre B) Under his rule, the empire stretched as far as India C) Governors were placed in charge of the provinces D) Its founder was Cyrus the Great, who proclaimed himself the King of Kings E) The great Persian Empire extended from the shores of the Mediterranean right away to the east

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8-

----. The most important part you can play is to be there. You can let your friends know that you care. You can listen and try to solve the problem behind your friend's need to use drugs. Two people together can often solve a problem that seems too big for one person alone. A) Some of the most commonly abused drugs include alcohol and minor tranquillizers B) Most countries have legislation designed to criminalise some drug use C) Not all centrally acting drugs are subject to abuse D) Despite the legislation, many large criminal drug cartels operate worldwide E) If someone you know is using or abusing drugs, you can help

9-

Many parents who welcome the idea of turning off the TV and spending more time with the family are still worried that without TV they would constantly be on call as entertainers for their children. . However, their own kids seem different, less resourceful, somehow. When there is nothing to do, these parents observe regretfully, their kids seem unable to come up with anything to do besides turning on the TV. A) They remember thinking up all sort of things to do when they were kids B) These are skills that have to be learned and developed C) Sensing their parents' disappointment, children come to believe that they lack something D) If someone doesn't entertain them, they will happily sit there watching TV all day E) Parents often blame their children for not being able to entertain themselves

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PARAGRAF DOLDURMA / TEST 6 (40 ADET SORU)

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13- British universities can be divided roughly into three main groups: the old universities; the Redbrick universities; the new universities. The old universities refer to those founded before 1600. . Until the 19th century, they were the only two. Universities in England. A) The vast majority of British universities are state financed B) Several British universities were founded in the Victorian era C) They had been forced to abandon their generalist academic approach D) Oxford and Cambridge are the oldest ones, dating from 1249 and 1284 E) They had previously confined themselves to the study of Roman law 14- In a market system, individual economic units are free to interact among each other in the market place. Transactions may take place through barter or money exchange. In a barter economy, real goods such as automobiles, shoes, and pizzas are traded against each other. . Hence the introduction of money as a medium of exchange eases transactions considerably. A) It issued laws or commands as to how much each good was to be produced B) People were inclined to measure the worth of things with reference to goats C) Obviously, finding somebody who wants to trade an old car in exchange for a sail boat may not always be an easy task D) The distinction between money and credit causes much confusion in discussions of monetary theory E) They are used as means to more easily transfer larger amounts of money between bank accounts 15- Over a period of more than 400 million years, trees have evolved as the tallest, most massive, and longest-lived organisms ever to inhabit the Earth. Yet trees lack a means of defence that almost every animal has. . That's why all type of living and non-living enemies such as fire, storms, micro-organisms, insects, other animals and, later, humans have wounded them throughout their history. A) The most obvious results of the process are the growth rings B) It is visible on the cross section of a trunk C) Their evolution has made them highly resistant organisms D) They preserve their life by making billions of repairs, installing new cells in the positions of old ones E) They can't move away from destructive forces

16- -. He invited everyone who could help him to that school. His goal was to design and equip vessels that would be capable of making long ocean voyages without having to keep close to the shore. A) The world owes credit to Prince Henry of Portugal for the development of the craft that made oceanic exploration possible B) Prince Henry of Portugal dedicated himself to improving the design of ships and the methods of sailing them C) The modern sailing ship was developed by Prince Henry of Portugal, who never went to sea. D) In 1416, when he was twenty-two, Prince Henry of Portugal founded a school for mariners E) Prince Henry of Portugal lives in history as Henry the Navigator

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17- . Since then, they have evolved into many shapes, sizes, and colours, but they still have much in common. With few exceptions, cats are solitary hunters that use their terrific senses of hearing and eyesight to track down prey. A) All cats, from domesticated variety to fullgrown tigers, are carnivores B) Cats all descended from the first ancient cats that roamed the planet 30 million years ago C) Two features often help cats stalk their prey D) Cats have strong limbs, sharp claws, and most have long tails E) Many cats are destroyed at shelters each year in the United States

18- . However, when you come to London, you can quite easily be mistaken for thinking there are many more. This is because sixty percent of all ethnic minorities in Britain live in London. A) The English constitute 80% of Britain's population B) Racism has changed its face and shape over the centuries C) Racial discrimination is and has been official government policy in several countries D) No one ethnic or racial group makes up a majority of Britain's population E) Ethnic minorities only make up a small fraction of Britain's population as a whole

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PARAGRAF DOLDURMA / TEST 6 (40 ADET SORU)

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19- If cities are to remain pleasant places to live in at all communication between human beings should be kept smooth and polite. Nowadays, all over cities, it seems that people are too tired and too rushed to be polite. . Taxi drivers growl at each other as they dash dangerously round the corner. Bus conductors pull the bell before their desperate passengers have had time to get on or off the bus, and so on. A) We are on the way to become a more tolerant and open society B) Young people stand up for older passengers in trains and buses C) Shop assistants won't bother to assist D) People at fast food outlets voluntarily clear the table after finishing with their meal E) We have regained our ability to change things for the better

22- When the persuading and the planning for the western railroads had finally been completed, the really challenging task remained: the task of actually building the lines. . They included Civil War veterans and freed slaves, Irish and German immigrants, Mormons and Chinese. At the peak of their labours, the work crews laid two to five miles of track a day. A) They were first introduced in the seventeenth century B) These early uses of railways gave little hint that a revolution in methods of transportation was underway C) The men who took it on comprised the most cosmopolitan work crew in American history D) They did all these jobs largely by their own muscle power E) Planning and construction of railroads in the United States progressed rapidly

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20- Metaphor is for most people a device of the poetic imagination and the rhetorical flourish, a matter of extraordinary rather than ordinary language. . Researchers have found, on the contrary, that metaphor is needed in everyday life, not just in literature. A) Most of our ordinary conceptual system is metaphorical in nature B) It is typically viewed as characteristic of language C) It is reflected in our everyday language by a wide variety of expressions D) We use metaphors almost every time we think and speak, often without realizing it E) Most people think they can get along perfectly well without metaphor

23- When you are a child, time seems limitless. The summer is gloriously endless. In November it seems as if Christmas vacation will never come. . You know that vacation will come, but you are also painfully aware of the amount of work you have to get through in the office before it arrives. A) You actually perceive time differently from older people B) There are so many things to enjoy about being young C) Time seems to pass more quickly than it used to D) By the time you are a young adult, time has begun to speed up E) You are more concerned about the effective use of time

21- Antislavery fiction and poetry first appeared in North American magazines during the late 1770's. . That was primarily because few of the authors knew much about it. Instead, they gave unusual names to their characters and made passing reference to distant places to provide an air of authenticity. A) Many of the authors were ex-slaves B) The African environment itself was rarely described C) Europeans relied on Africans' skills and labour to transform vast lands into agricultural profits D) It is notable that they were also the last country to abolish the institution E) By 1500, the Portuguese had traded 81,000 Africans to Europe

24- . Event sponsorship, in which a company pays for all or part of a special event such as a concert, sports competition, festival, or play, is one of them. It is an effective way for organizations to increase brand recognition and receive media coverage with comparatively little investment. A) Public relations professionals prepare written materials such as company magazines and annual reports B) Logos are an important public relations tool C) Speeches can affect an organization's image and must therefore convey the desired message clearly D) Over the years business cards have proven their worth for a lot of entrepreneurs and business owners E) Organizations use a variety of public relations tools to convey messages and to create images

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PARAGRAF DOLDURMA / TEST 6 (40 ADET SORU)

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25- Human ancestors in Africa and Europe were making relatively advanced large stone tools like axes hundreds of thousands of years ago. . This supports a theory that the region was geographically and thus culturally and perhaps genetically, isolated. A) Modern versions can be found in almost every shop B) Large stone flakes had been chipped into cutting shapes C) No similar tools from that time, however, had been found in Asia D) They were made from a variety of different kinds of stone E) They were as technologically advanced as their counterparts in Africa

28- Society was fascinated by science and things scientific in the nineteenth century. . During this great period of industrial development, scientific methods were applied to the activities of man, particularly to those involved in the processes of production. A) The plan failed, as no country was willing to make the necessary sacrifice B) Dealing with crime and disorder concerned society then as well as now C) Limited physical resources hampered development D) They failed to recognize the scientific potential of science E) Great breakthroughs in engineering, the use of steam power, and electricity were there for all to enjoy

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26- Some years ago an Australian journalist tried to travel round London in twenty-four hours, using the underground and visiting every station. . This is not surprising as there are 279 underground stations in London. A) People try to avoid that problem by using their own car B) He could not complete his plan C) There are conductors and maintenance men to work in the underground and train services D) Millions of people come to work in London every day and leave the city in the evening E) There are too many cars on the roads and it causes traffic jams

29- . It has been widely used for this purpose since then. Radar antennas send out radio wave pulses toward the clouds. All types of precipitation and even boundaries created by air temperature differences reflect some of the waves back to the antennas. The received radio wave data are plotted on maps, which are used to create many of the weather maps we see on television and in newspapers. A) Until now, clouds have been hard to observe in polar regions B) Radar was first used during World War II to locate and-track storms all over the world C) Many tornadoes in remote and sparsely populated areas will go undetected D) Radar can determine precipitation moving toward a weather station E) Radar will demonstrate its ability to penetrate through almost all but the heaviest rainfall

27- When certain metals such as lead or mercury are cooled to temperatures very near absolute zero, they exhibit phenomenon known as superconductivity.--- In addition, they may also the used to build trains that float above their tracks on magnetic fields, allowing them to travel at a very high speed because of the reduced friction. A) Until recently, the highest temperature at which any known superconductor would operate was around 22 degrees centigrade B) Such superconductors must be cooled by immersing them in liquid helium C) These superconductors may be used to build super-fast computers D) Unfortunately, they are expensive and in fairly short supply E) So jar they have not been able to carry as much current as others

30- Blood is needed for transfusion, mainly for surgical procedures and for accident victims. . In addition, harmful elements in the blood that will be used by newborns and infants are eliminated. A) Donors usually give a pint of whole blood B) The processed blood is transfused back to the donor C) The procedure of donating blood has been in use since 1940s D) Donated blood is routinely tested for a multitude of foreign bodies, such as HIV and hepatitis B E) It is a treatment which may need a large supply of blood

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PARAGRAF DOLDURMA / TEST 6 (40 ADET SORU)

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31- Until recently sea water has been of very little value to man. But now, at last, engineers are discovering that it can be very valuable indeed. . The French have proven that this is possible. It has also been suggested that seaside cities should use sea water for cleaning purposes. But engineers say that the cost would be too great. Special machines and pipes would be needed. A) It is the salt which makes sea water useless to human B) Now scientists are finding ways of reducing this cost C) It has been suggested that its currents could be used to make electricity D) It can't be used for drinking and for watering plants E) Distilling fresh water from salt water is not worth the effort 32- Our earth is now just in a zone around the Sun where fluid water can exist. . On the other hand, when we go farther from the Sun than the habitable zone, liquid water will turn Into ice. A) Our sun was formed nearly 5 billion years ago from a gaseous matter B) When we go nearer the Sun the temperature will be too high and all water will evaporate C) This process had created an enormous amount of energy D) Our universe started probably with a big bang about 15-20 billion years ago E) Our society is using energy from the Sun and from deeper parts of the Earth 33- Books are close friends of humanity. . Through books we can obtain skills and techniques for survival and development and we can enlighten our spirits and live a fuller life. A) They can even have unintended negative consequences B) Instead of borrowing books from libraries, people turn to the Internet C) They can arm us with knowledge and information we need to make success of life D) Everything with the power to change men's minds can be dangerous E) Not all books that have been published have literary merit 34- Many business magazines are available only, or predominantly, on subscription. . In others, free subscriptions are available to readers who meet a set of criteria established by the publisher. This practice, known as controlled circulation, is intended to guarantee to advertisers that the readership is relevant to their needs.

A) They range from general-interest titles to highly specialist titles covering particular hobbies B) In some cases these subscriptions are available to any person prepared to pay C) A magazine is a periodical publication containing a variety of articles D) The copy bought in the USA does not contain the exact same articles as the edition on sale in the UK E) Its worldwide circulation including all editions comprises 32.4 million copies

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35- Credit cards are best to use if you want to borrow a small amount of money for a short time. They are best for people who have the means to pay the money off quickly. . Therefore, you may find yourself paying a lot of interest on the money you have borrowed. A) Credit cards are not pure evil, despite what some people may say B) If you are organised and pay off the amount due each month it can be a convenient money source C) You should report the loss before your credit cards are used D) Over a long period of time the interest charge is generally quite high E) The card issuer can't hold you responsible for any unauthorized charges

36- A few substances alter the way sweet taste is perceived. One class of these inhibits the perception of sweet tastes, whether from sugars or from highly potent sweeteners. . It is used in some jellies and other fruit preserves to bring out their fruit flavours by suppressing their otherwise strong sweetness. A) A great diversity of chemical compounds are sweet B) Some other amino acids are perceived as both sweet and bitter C) The number of these that are legally permitted as food additives is much smaller D) Among common biological substances, some of the carbohydrates are sweet to at least some degree E) Commercially, the most important of these is lactisole

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PARAGRAF DOLDURMA / TEST 6 (40 ADET SORU)

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37- Jet fighters have recently been equipped with electronics improvements enabling the pilot to shoot down an enemy plane while still out of sight. . There is no sure way of determining whether a plane that is out of sight is friend or enemy. A) For several weeks now, a pair of F-16 jet fighters have been on permanent high alert near the border B) There is, however, a problem with the new equipment C) They have been in widespread service for decades D) For historical purposes, jet fighters are classified by generation E) They are relatively lightweight, highly manoeuvrable and very fast 38- Canals are watercourses constructed to improve and extend natural waterways. . But from the beginning they have been used for many additional purposes including draining swamps, irrigating land for cultivation, and promoting economic development. A) Some canals are as much as 10 or 12 feet deep B) The best known of these is the Suez Canal, which is at sea level C) Canals may also be classified as either water level or lock canals D) They are generally built to facilitate transportation E) Water level canals do not vary in height along their courses

39- Map-making dates back to the Stone Age. It appears to predate written language by several millennia. . It dates from about 6200 BC. A) They are perhaps the most widely used maps today B) They are navigational aids which highlight relations between objects within that space C) It is generally two-dimensional D) One of the oldest surviving maps is painted on a wall of the atal Hyk settlement in central Anatolia E) They are not neutral documents and must be carefully interpreted

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40- Biodiversity is not distributed evenly. On Earth. . However, as one approaches polar regions, one finds fewer species. Flora and fauna vary depending on climate, altitude, soils and the presence of other species. A) Biodiversity found on Earth today is the result of four billion years of evolution B) The period since the emergence of humans is part of a new mass extinction C) It is consistently richer in the tropics D) Biodiversity has no single standard definition E) The loss of a species is likely to decrease the ability of the system to maintain itself

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PARAGRAF DOLDURMA / TEST 6 (40 ADET SORU)

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PARAGRAF DOLDURMA / TEST 6 (40 ADET SORU) CEVAP ANAHTARI

1. D 11. E 21. B 31. C

2. C 12. D 22. C 32. B

3. B 13. D 23. D 33. C

4. B 14. C 24. E 34. B

5. E 15. E 25. C 35. D

6. C 16. D 26. B 36. E

7. D 17. B 27. C 37. B

8. E 18. E 28. E 38. D

9. A 19. C 29. B 39. D

10. B 20. E 30. D 40. C

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