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    Amines-Basic Strength

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    Anonymous 8VJhV1eI2y
    1. Amines are basic due to the lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom which can be donated. 2. Alkyl amines are more basic than ammonia due to electron donating alkyl groups increasing electron density. 3. In the gas phase, tertiary amines are the most basic due to having three electron donating groups, followed by secondary then primary amines.

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    Amines-Basic Strength

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    Anonymous 8VJhV1eI2y
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    1. Amines are basic due to the lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom which can be donated. 2. Alkyl amines are more basic than ammonia due to electron donating alkyl groups increasing electron density. 3. In the gas phase, tertiary amines are the most basic due to having three electron donating groups, followed by secondary then primary amines.

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    1. Amines are basic due to the lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom which can be donated. 2. Alkyl amines are more basic than ammonia due to electron donating alkyl groups increasing electron density. 3. In the gas phase, tertiary amines are the most basic due to having three electron donating groups, followed by secondary then primary amines.

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    258 views3 pages

    Amines-Basic Strength

    Uploaded by

    Anonymous 8VJhV1eI2y
    1. Amines are basic due to the lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom which can be donated. 2. Alkyl amines are more basic than ammonia due to electron donating alkyl groups increasing electron density. 3. In the gas phase, tertiary amines are the most basic due to having three electron donating groups, followed by secondary then primary amines.

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    AMINES Basic strength of Amines 1. Amines are basic in nature. Why?

    Due to the presence of lone pair of electrons on nitrogen atom which is available for donation. 2. Aliphatic amines (alkyl amines) are more basic than ammonia. Why? Alkyl groups are electron releasing groups (+ I effect) which increase electron density on nitrogen atom in alkyl amines. Increase in electron density on nitrogen atom increases its basic strength. So alkyl amines are more basic than ammonia . 3. Aromatic amines (aryl amines) are less basic then ammonia. Why? In aromatic amines, nitrogen has a lone pair of elections which is involved in resonance (+ R effect) and hence it is not free for donation. Hence it is less basic than ammonia. 4. What is the order of basic strength of primary, secondary and tertiary amines in gas phase? Explain Tertiary > secondary > primary In gas phase only inductive effect decides basic strength. In tertiary amine there are three electron releasing groups, so tertiary is most basic then secondary and primary. 5. What are the factors that affect basic strength of amines aqueous solution? i) Inductive effect of alkyl group ii) Solvation effect (hydrogen bonding) iii) Steric hindrance 6. What is the order of basic strength of primary, secondary and tertiary methyl amines in aqueous solution? Secondary > primary > tertiary
    (CH3)2NH > CH3NH2 > (CH3)3N > NH3

    7. What is the order of basic strength of primary, secondary and tertiary ethyl amines in aqueous solution? Explain Secondary > tertiary > primary

    (C2H5)2NH > (C2H5)3N > C2H5NH2 > NH3

    Basicity is decided by the three factors i) Inductive effect of alkyl group ii) Salvation effect (hydrogen bonding) iii) Steric hindrance Inductive effect favours tertiary amine, salvation effect favours primary amine and Steric effect favours primary amine. So over all basicity isSecondary > tertiary > primary 8. Arrange the following in decreasing order of their basic strength: C6H5NH2, C2H5NH2, (C2H5)2NH, NH3 The decreasing order of basic strength of the above amines and ammonia follows the following order: (C2H5)2NH > C2H5NH2 > NH3 > C6H5NH2 9. Write the expression for Kb and pkb of amines

    10. What is the effect of electron releasing group on basic strength of amines? Electron releasing group (eg: CH3 , OCH3) increases basic strength by increasing electron density on nitrogen atom. 11. What is the effect of electron withdrawing group on basic strength of amines? Electron withdrawing group (eg: N02) decreases basic strength by decreasing electron density on nitrogen atom. 12. Aniline (C6H5 NH2) or methyl amine (CH3 NH2) which is more basic?

    CH3 NH2 13. Aniline (C6H5 NH2) or benzyl amine (C6H5 CH2 NH2), which is more basic? benzyl amine 14. Benzyl amine (C6H5 CH2 NH2) or methyl amine (CH3 NH2)), which is more basic? CH3 NH2 15. Benzyl amine (C6H5 CH2 NH2) or ammonia, which is more basic? benzyl amine 16. What is the relation between pkb and basic strength? pkb increases basic strength decreases. 17. What is the relation between kb and basic strength? Kb increases basic strength also increases. Physical Properties of Amines 18. Lower members amines are soluble water. Why? Because they can form hydrogen bond with water 19. Arrange primary, secondary and tertiary amines in increasing order of their solubility in water Tertiary < secondary < primary 20. Aniline or methyl amine, which is more soluble in water? Methyl amine 21. Alcohol or amine, which is more soluble in water? Alcohol because it forms stronger hydrogen bond with water than amine (due to more electro negativity of oxygen compared to nitrogen)

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