T-MATRIX

PRODUCT RANGE & SYSTEM FEATURES

TP - 150

T-MATRIX
PRODUCT RANGE & SYSTEM FEATURES

Issue 1.0 November 2007 TP-150

COPYRIGHT INFORMATION
2007 Artevea Digital Ltd This publication and its contents are proprietary to Artevea Digital Limited. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the written permission of Artevea Digital Limited.

TRADEMARKS
All the brand names and other products or services mentioned in this document are identified by the trademarks or service marks of their respective owners.

DISCLAIMER
The information in this document is believed to be correct at the date of issue; however no responsibility is assumed for any inaccuracies. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice as a consequence of continual development and product improvement and should not be construed as a commitment by Artevea Digital Limited, who will not be liable for any consequential or incidental costs arising from a reliance on the accuracy of this document.

CUSTOMER FEEDBACK
Artevea is committed to providing effective and accurate product documentation and recognise that the usefulness of supplied documentation is restricted by errors or omissions. We value feedback from users which helps us to improve our documentation and any comments should be sent to the Technical Support contact address below.

CONTACT DETAILS
Artevea Digital Limited 1 Clifton Court Cambridge CB1 7BN United Kingdom Technical Support Sales Telephone (all enquiries) Fax (all enquiries) Internet [email protected] [email protected] +44 (0) 1223 245721 +44 (0) 1223 416235 www.artevea.com

REVISION HISTORY
Revision Issue 1.0 Date Of Issue November 2007 Author Technical Publications Scope Initial Version

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CONTENTS
Company Profile ........................................................................... 6 TETRA - An Overview ................................................................... 7 TETRA - Summary ........................................................................ 7 Overview of TETRA over IP.......................................................... 8
Introduction ..................................................................................... 8
IP Technology..................................................................................... 8 Tetra over IP (ToIP) Basics ................................................................ 8 TETRA technology comparisons ........................................................ 9

T-MATRIX Overview ................................................................. 12

System Dimensions....................................................................... 13 Working Temperature Range ........................................................ 14

T-MATRIX Product Range ....................................................... 15

T-MATRIX F T-MATRIX P................................................. 15 TETRA Base Station (TBS) ........................................................... 16
Base Site Transceiver (BStrx) .......................................................... 16 TETRA Site Controller (TSC) ........................................................... 17 RF Sub System ................................................................................ 17 Optical Link Manager (OLM) ............................................................ 17 Power Supply ................................................................................... 18 Antenna System ............................................................................... 18 TETRA Network Access (TNA) ........................................................ 18 Local Switching Device (LSD) .......................................................... 18

Network Management Terminal (NMT).......................................... 19 System Configuration Architect (SCA)........................................... 20 Network Monitoring Server (NMS)................................................. 22 Dispatcher ..................................................................................... 23 Telephone Gateway ...................................................................... 24 Data Gateways.............................................................................. 25 Circuit Mode Data Gateway........................................................... 25 SDS Gateway................................................................................ 26 Inter-System Network Gateway ..................................................... 27 Voice Gateway .............................................................................. 28 Automatic Vehicle Locator (AVL)................................................... 29

Artevea Customer Services ....................................................... 31

Propagation................................................................................... 31 System Design & Consultancy ...................................................... 31 Fleet Mapping ............................................................................... 32 Grade of Service ........................................................................... 32 System Commissioning ................................................................. 32 Site Installation.............................................................................. 32 Terminal Configuration design....................................................... 33 Customer FAT............................................................................... 33 Customer SAT............................................................................... 33 Maintenance.................................................................................. 33 Training ......................................................................................... 33

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Project Management ..................................................................... 33 Live system performance review ................................................... 33 Terminal Programming .................................................................. 33 Third party application integration.................................................. 33

T-MATRIX System Features ................................................... 34

Speech Calls ................................................................................. 34 Status & Short Data Calls.............................................................. 35 Circuit Mode Data Calls................................................................. 36 System Management .................................................................... 37 Supplementary Services................................................................ 38 Telephone ..................................................................................... 40 Security ......................................................................................... 40 System Resource Management .................................................... 41

Technical Information................................................................. 43
Acronyms ...................................................................................... 43

FIGURES
Figure 1 - Conventional Switch based TETRA network ............................................. 9 Figure 2 - TETRA over IP network........................................................................... 10 Figure 3 - Overview of the Artevea T-MATRIX TETRA System............................ 12 Figure 4 - TBS Structure.......................................................................................... 16 Figure 5 - System Configuration Architect Sample Screens .................................... 20 Figure 6 - Network Monitoring Server (NMS) Sample Screens................................ 22 Figure 7 - Dispatcher Sample Screens .................................................................... 23 Figure 8 - Telephone Gateway ................................................................................ 24 Figure 9 - Circuit Mode Data Gateway..................................................................... 25 Figure 10 - SDS Gateway........................................................................................ 26 Figure 11 - Inter-system Network Gateway Analogue Example ............................ 27 Figure 12 - Automatic Vehicle Location Station (AVLS)........................................... 29

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Company Profile
A pioneer in TETRA technology When it comes to choosing a partner for radio communication there is no other company with a finer pedigree than Artevea Digital Limited. Artevea Digital were the first to carry out live TETRA (Terrestrial Trunked Radio) trials and the first to develop the latest fully distributed TETRA-over-IP solution. Based in Cambridge, England, we enjoy close access to key technology centres in the scientifically vibrant area around the University, and as a truly international company we have acquired manufacturing and development capabilities across the world. Artevea Digital Limited has its origins in Pye Telecommunications, the original radio innovator, and our staffs have years of accumulated experience working in the private mobile radio industry. Artevea Digital's key development work began in the early 1990s when the company was still part of Philips, who produced leading analogue systems but were investing heavily in digital systems as the logical successor. Today we continue our commitment to pioneering the best in communication infrastructures, our experience in the field of communications involves us in not only supplying systems but in consultancy, planning, project management and support for professional organisations worldwide. A vision for the future Artevea Digital is dedicated to encouraging the adoption of the TETRA standard and our vision is simple: to continue to make life easier for communicators within all kinds of public and commercial organisations. In order to do this we are committed to ensuring that our products and services are always designed with customers' needs at our core. The evolution of our products is a process involving attention to detail, rigorous testing and careful consideration of what communicators will need in the future. Our highly experienced research and development personnel are constantly finding ways to improve the capability and flexibility of our products. And as established industry experts they know the importance of making sure that our customers receive the best value for money. Artevea Digital participates actively with the TETRA MoU and the Interoperability Organisation and we are proud to work with business partners who share our vision.

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TETRA - An Overview
TErrestrial Trunked RAdio (TETRA) is an open digital trunked radio standard defined by the European Telecommunications Standardisation Institute (ETSI) to meet the needs of the most demanding professional mobile radio users. The use of TETRA systems replaces analogue radio broadcasts audible to anyone able to pick up the frequency, with defined subscriber groups limiting and securing vital communications. The TETRA standard is designed to function well within some of the most arduous environments in the world. Speech is clear and background noise is kept to a minimum. The open TETRA standard ensures that there is greater choice, cost efficiency and increased quality for the end user because equipment from different manufacturers can interoperate. TETRA systems are used by Police networks, Defence networks, Power companies, Water companies, Railways, Airports and Mining and Exploration industries.

TETRA - Summary
TETRA is a non-proprietary open standard specifically designed for use in public safety, military and similar applications, that permits a mix of manufacturers terminals on the same system. Therefore, the choice of future terminals is not limited and advantage can be taken of competitive pricing and unique features of a range of suppliers offerings. TETRA is an advanced digital system that uses an innovative CODEC, which allows a considerable reduction of required bandwidth over conventional digital and analogue systems. The TETRA CODEC has been tested using many languages worldwide and has been successfully used for a considerable period by several public safety services. A TETRA system makes more effective use of the spectrum in comparison to conventional analogue and other proprietary Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) solutions. A conventional single carrier analogue system with repeaters allows only a single call to be in progress at any moment in time. The system can therefore easily become blocked, with the result that other traffic, some of which could be of great importance or an emergency, is prevented. A system with a single TETRA carrier provides three traffic channels plus a control channel. Compared to a conventional analogue system this enables three times the traffic with Voice and Circuit Mode Data (CMD) on the traffic channels plus system control and Short Data Service (SDS) on the control channel. This makes more efficient use of available bandwidth, compared to conventional trunked systems. The addition of more TETRA carriers can easily be achieved by increasing the number of transceivers, each of which brings four extra traffic channels into use.

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TETRA terminals also offer a type of operation called Direct Mode Operation (DMO) whereby communication is possible directly between Terminals, on designated DMO channels, instead of routing the call through the infrastructure. DMO permits small incidents to be handled locally without using infrastructure resource and will also provide local communications outside the coverage range of the infrastructure.

Overview of TETRA over IP

Introduction In the early days of TETRA all manufacturers based their infrastructure on a traditional circuit switch based design. Artevea pioneered TETRA over IP (ToIP), having development systems in prototype whilst marketing its original conventional switch systems. During the last few years many other manufacturers have recognised the advantages of a TETRA over Internet Protocol (ToIP) infrastructure design. Artevea, meanwhile have a working and very reliable design with several years of experience in supplying ToIP solutions to customers. IP Technology IP technology was originally developed in the 1970s by US Department of Defence to provide a communications framework that could survive a nuclear attack. Resilience and scalability are the foundations on which the protocols and architecture are built. The technology was originally aimed at data communications and the data explosion over the past few years has driven device availability and costs. Growth in the usage of Voice over IP (VoIP) has added Quality-of-Service protocols and the ever-increasing use of Multi-Media will continue to encourage enhancements in the future. Tetra over IP (ToIP) Basics ToIP provides an open platform for system integration and expansion. It delivers all the functionality of a conventional switch-based solution with some important additions. Significantly, the Artevea ToIP solution, by employing distributed switching and databases in place of a central switch, has no single point of failure. With ToIP, which is based on open and worldwide networking principles and standards, flexibility and ease of maintenance is greatly enhanced. Expansion of ToIP systems is greatly simplified as all the principal elements, Radio Sites, Gateways, Dispatchers etc, are connected and addressed in the same way as each other. Thus, any of these elements may be added, as requirements change, anywhere where a ToIP network connection point is available.

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TETRA technology comparisons This section considers the principal differences between a ToIP network and the more conventional style of architecture based on a central switch. Both solutions offer similar services to the user, as defined by the TETRA standards. However, measures such as Flexibility, Resilience and Expansion potential are all significantly improved with the use of ToIP. A conventional switch-based TETRA Network may be depicted as in the following diagram.

Figure 1 - Conventional Switch based TETRA network

This diagram shows the traditional network topology associated with a central switch and it can be seen that if the switch fails, the network fails also. Also, should any of the links connecting the switch to the radio sites fail that site is removed from the network and, usually, ceases to provide communications. Such networks are expensive to safeguard against failure since any duplication of paths must provide a physical path connection to the switch that results in a requirement for high capacity links. Expansion of such systems is determined by the original design having sufficient spare capacity, or by potentially expensive redesign. It is also usual in switch-based systems that control elements (Network Management and Dispatchers), and Gateways providing interfaces to networks external to the TETRA system (e.g. Telephone exchange), can only be located at specific points on the Network, normally at the same site as the switch.
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These factors are well known to limit resilience, flexibility and cost-effective expansion potential. Another disadvantage of switch-based systems is that normally all the elements of the system are propriety to the supplier of the system, which has an adverse impact on the cost of maintenance, not the least of which is the need for expensive training of the engineers in the equipment and techniques employed. By comparison, a similar network employing ToIP would appear as follows:

Figure 2 - TETRA over IP network

A major benefit of this flexible, distributed system topology is that it offers resilience, reliability and great potential to expand from any physical location. Traffic routing is based on a "TETRA over IP" concept. TETRA Voice and Data Packets are carried inside standard IP packets and IP routing is used to direct the packets to their destinations. With IP routing, no central circuit switching equipment is required and this significantly improves the service availability and call processing efficiency. Much of the network equipment (PABX gateway, Dispatcher, Recording) is based on COTS (Commercial Off The Shelf) platforms. As a result, connecting such equipment becomes broadly similar to adding a computer over a LAN.

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The major benefits of this approach can be summarised as:

Flexibility Any combination of Star or Mesh network topology is allowed, to balance traffic-handling, resilience and cost-effectiveness. Resources such as Dispatchers and Gateways can be placed anywhere in the Network

Resilience Network elements such as routers, gateways, servers and links can be duplicated for extra resilience. As there are no critical central components the Radio Sites continue to handle local calls in Fallback if their Network links fail. Multi-site operation still works even if one part of the Network is unreachable.

Signal integrity Voice and Data traffic, Signalling and Network Management data are each conveyed on separate virtual paths through the network. Each pathway is assigned a different priority and this ensures that Voice and Data traffic can be given the highest priority to guarantee sufficient bandwidth.

Future-proof technology Use of COTS (Commercial Off The Shelf) internet hardware and software, Personal computer Multi-media technology, combining voice, data and images provides the bases for continuous performance improvements in equipment and capabilities.

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T-MATRIX Overview
The Artevea T-MATRIX TETRA solution is modular in construction and has been developed with flexibility and ease of expansion as a key requirement. A schematic of an example T-MATRIX TETRA system is illustrated below.

Figure 3 - Overview of the Artevea T-MATRIX TETRA System

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The T-MATRIX system architecture achieves the optimum performance criteria of TETRA systems -

Resilience

Network Elements and links can be duplicated Radio Sites work in fallback if links fail Multi-site operation still works even if one part is unreachable As there are no key central servers, the Network continues to operate even if communications to key equipment occur. Any Combination of Star or Mesh network topologies are allowed. Resources such as Dispatchers or Gateways can be placed anywhere in the network. Additional sites can be added with ease. Every site has knowledge about the system and local decisions on is very efficient because of IP techniques utilised for different call types. Group calls only involve those sites where group members are registered. Industry Standard IP Hardware and Software Multimedia technology which combining voice, data and images are continually being created with continuous performance improvements driven by the technology advances which are then reflected into the T-MATRIX products.

Flexibility

Efficiency

Future proof

System Dimensions T-MATRIX architecture is designed to comfortably accommodate configurations comprising: 24 logical channels (including the control channel) per site. 50,000 user terminals (any mix of mobiles and portables) 2,000 registered subscribers per site 250 Radio Sites 2,000 Talk Groups The above figures do not necessarily reflect the absolute maximum capabilities of the T-MATRIX system and the flexibility of the design means that alternative requirements can usually be met.

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Working Temperature Range The TETRA infrastructure uses industry standard commercial IT and IP equipment. As a result it is necessary therefore to restrict the infrastructure working temperature range to: Transceiver alone: Other System elements: +5C - +55C +5C - +40C

Artevea therefore recommend that equipment rooms are environmentally controlled if the above temperature ranges are likely to be exceeded.

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T-MATRIX Product Range

T-MATRIX F T-MATRIX P

T-MATRIX P is a compact, costeffective, transportable TETRA over IP communications solution. It provides exceptional value for the small user looking for a simple but feature-rich system and it represents a considerable advance on competitors products. It can also be used as a building block to which additional sites and features can be added to construct a larger or more comprehensive system. The equipment is mounted in a transportable rugged 19 rack of a range of sizes.

Large fixed-site TETRA over IP configuration, offering one to six transceivers housed in fixed position 19 inch racks. These can be either 43U or 29U height depending on the customer requirements. The design meets the needs of professional organisations requiring a permanently installed Private Mobile Radio system.

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T-MATRIX
TETRA Base Station (TBS)

Figure 4 - TBS Structure

Base Site Transceiver (BStrx) The Base Site Transceiver provides the radio link (the air interface) to the TETRA terminals and is controlled by the TETRA Site Controller (TSC). Each Transceiver provides 4 channels for communications. The channel utilisation of the first Transceiver at any site is 3 speech and data channels plus 1 control channel; subsequent Transceivers each add 4 speech and data channels, up to a maximum of 6 Transceivers per site, giving up to 24 channels. The BStrx includes a controlled fan tray providing forced air cooling at a variable rate and the transmitter is continuously rated at up to +44dBm (25W). T-MATRIX systems can be supplied in the TETRA bands below
1 Tx Rx Band or Base Rx Band (See Column 3) 371.5 381.5MHz 380 390 MHz 410 420MHz 450 460MHz 806 - 825MHz 2 Tx Rx Band or Base Tx Band (See Column 3) 389.5 399.5MHz 390 400MHz 420 430MHz 460 470MHz 851 870MHz 3 Base Rx Low 4 Bandwidth 5 Tx Rx Spacing (See Column 6) 18MHz 10MHz 10MHz 10MHz 45MHz 6 Tx Rx Options Available No 8MHz 7 or 8MHz No No

MUST
Optional Optional Optional

MUST

25kHz 25kHz 25kHz 25kHz 25kHz

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TETRA Site Controller (TSC) The TETRA Site Controller (TSC) receives signalling from the Base Site Transceiver (BStrx), interprets the received messages, and generates appropriate messages to communicate with Mobile Stations. It registers Mobile Stations (MS) requesting access to the system, in conjunction with the rest of the infrastructure. For incoming calls to a TBS, the TSC receives signalling from the calling MS via the appropriate BStrx, adds source information to this signalling and passes it via Ethernet to the T-MATRIX LAN/WAN using TCP/IP and PPP protocols. It may also translate and process intermediate messages. When instructed by the network it sends the calling MS to a specific channel and slot, maintains the call and sends clear down signalling received from the calling mobile to the network. The TSC receives clear down signalling from the network and signals to the calling MS via the appropriate BStrx. For outgoing calls from the TSC, it receives signalling from the T-MATRIX LAN/WAN, converts this to TETRA signalling and passes this to the called MS, via the appropriate BStrx. After receiving acknowledgement signalling from the called MS via the appropriate BStrx, it adds source information to this signalling and passes it to the network. When instructed by the network, the TSC sends the called MS to a specific channel and time slot, maintains the call and sends clear down signalling received from the called MS. The TSC monitors its own behaviour, and reports any failures or out of tolerance conditions within itself, or in any of the connected BStrx units it controls. In an active/standby configuration, the standby TSC passively monitors the operations of the active TSC, ready to switch automatically to Active Mode in the case of a failure of the active TSC. RF Sub System The RF Sub-system (RFS) contains splitters, duplexers and combiners as required in order to interface the transceivers with the antenna system. The exact configuration will depend on the number of antennas, the number of transceivers, the level of receive diversity specified and the frequency. Optical Link Manager (OLM) The OLM is a single unit shelf and is equipped with sufficient optical ports to connect two TSC units (active and standby) to four BStrx units. If five to six Tx/Rx units are required, a second OLM shelf is used. The OLM continuously monitors the optical data and clock signals and automatically routes the optical connections from the appropriate TSC (whichever is active) through to the BStrx units. The OLM also manages the individual BStrx connections, bypassing a unit in the case of optical communication failure.

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Power Supply T-MATRIX P racks provide facilities for both AC mains and 48V DC external powering. The mains power supply is housed in the RF Sub-System shelf and provides 48V DC to power the internal units T-MATRIX F racks are normally supplied for 48V DC external powering. In cases where AC mains external powering is required, a rack-mounted mains power supply is provided, sized according to the predicted load requirements. Facilities for battery backup operation can also be provided, if required, however this requires special engineering on a per system basis in order to meet the specified backup and recharge times. Antenna System The antenna system specified will vary according to any particular system requirements and constraints. As a general rule a single Co-linear antenna with 6dB gain is used for transmit and receive. Where receive diversity is required, one or two additional antennas of the same type are used (for receiver diversity and triversity respectively). In this case the antennas are located at the same height and separated by 5 metres for optimum performance. TETRA Network Access (TNA) These optional units provide the interface from the local sites private IP network to the backbone media being used to connect all the T-MATRIX TETRA Sites together providing a Private Wide Area Network (WAN). Current supported interfaces are: X.21 E1 / G703 (Framed or unframed) Optical Ethernet These devices tend to always be managed intelligent units and are either 48 volt DC or AC driven. Local Switching Device (LSD) These optional devices provide the connectivity for multiple local Ethernet devices to connect to the T-Matrix private network. To connect devices over larger distances please see the TNA. The units tend not to be intelligent but simple Ethernet switching devices which come in different shapes and configuration depending on the number of devices and the requirement of the Site. They can be provided for both 48 volt DC and AC.

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T-MATRIX
Network Management Terminal (NMT) The Network Management Terminal (NMT) is a desktop or laptop unit provided for one (or more) of the following applications: a) installing and running the System Configuration Architect (SCA) a software package which is used to administer Subscriber and Network data, including configuration data, service features etc and to access Call Records. b) remotely accessing the Network Monitoring Server (NMS) as a Remote Client allowing monitoring of the entire network for any faults that occur. c) installing and running any other Network Management & Maintenance tools that may be required (e.g. ftp client, etc).

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T-MATRIX
System Configuration Architect (SCA)

Figure 5 - System Configuration Architect Sample Screens

System configuration is carried out by means of the System Configuration Architect (SCA) application which resides on the NMT. The distributed TMATRIX architecture allows connection of the NMT anywhere within the network without loss of functionality, thus it follows that any T-MATRIX Infrastructure element can be addressed and managed from any location. For certain SCA functions it is advisable that they are carried out locally at a site, for example IP address configuration. For these functions a portable laptop NMT with the SCA installed can be used. The SCA is accessed by user identity and password which defines which of the following functions are available to the operator: Configuration Management Network Parameters Element configuration including: o Tetra Base Station o Transceivers within a Tetra Base Station rack o Telephone Gateways o Data Gateways o Dispatchers o Other Gateways

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Account Management The T-MATRIX system saves information regarding communication activity for accounting purposes. Records can be provided in electronic format for external processing. Call Data Records (CDRs) The SCA can sort the CDRs by type of call, calling or called identity, calls during a defined period and call set up failures. For example, details are stored for each type of CDR including radio site and channel used, any delays to the call and the reason, date and time for start and end of call, and reason for call termination. Traffic Measurement and Performance Analysis The SCA provides statistical data which gives the operator an overview of the performance of the system as well as the usage of the system on a per subscriber basis. Information is available on traffic and control channel activity, PABX and PSTN traffic, inter site traffic, call type and the number of successful and unsuccessful calls. This information can be used to evaluate the performance of the network, for example peak hour traffic and quality of service. Traffic and performance data collected by the database are logged for short and long term analysis Security Management NMT Operator Access Rights Management of Subscriber Access Rights Lost and stolen terminals management Fleet Management Addition / deletion / Modification of subscribers Enable / Disable subscribers Provide, modify and withdraw Supplementary Services Barring of telephone calls Set up Call Forwarding Unconditional Subscriber Priority and Call Retention definitions Define fixed groups and subscriber association

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T-MATRIX
Network Monitoring Server (NMS)

Figure 6 - Network Monitoring Server (NMS) Sample Screens

The Network Monitoring Server (NMS) monitors the dynamic information in the system. On larger network systems this tends to be 24/7, in which case a rack mounted 48 volt DC server is provided. The application within the NMS provides the following features: Fault and Alarm Management Items in this category are logged with time, type and severity Alarm Logging & Management (SNMP) Fault localisation Site External Alarms Reporting Performance analysis Traffic Measurement and Performance Analysis Backbone and IP traffic can be monitored to see if any bottlenecks are causing degradation in the quality of TETRA service. A NMS client can optionally be installed on the NMT to provide remote monitoring.

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T-MATRIX
Dispatcher

Figure 7 - Dispatcher Sample Screens

The Dispatcher Terminal provides easy access for a control operator to communicate, supervise and monitor TETRA system subscribers. The Dispatcher Terminal provides the following features to the operator: Clear and easy to use displays Make and receive Voice & SDS messages (duplex and simplex calls) Monitor both voice and SDS communications. Create dynamic groups. Discreetly listen to subscriber conversations. Broadcast and priority calls Phone book Record of calls the dispatcher has taken part in. Multiple dispatchers in the system. Optional audio devices such as headsets, external PTT, desk microphone, handset. Speakers and headset come as standard.

The Distributed T-MATRIX architecture allows connection of a Dispatcher anywhere within the network. The Groups assigned to an operator can be spread across multiple sites, with the ability for the same TETRA subscriber or groups of subscribers to be monitored at several operator positions.

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T-MATRIX Gateways
Gateways provide an interface between the T-MATRIX Infrastructure and specific external networks.

T-MATRIX
Telephone Gateway The Telephone Gateway enables the establishment of communication between TETRA Subscribers with users of an external PABX and/or PSTN network.

Figure 8 - Telephone Gateway

The T-MATRIX system architecture ensures that external telephone networks see the Telephone Gateway as if it were just another device on the their network. The T-MATRIX Gateway will then allow Direct Outward Dialling from a TETRA Subscriber to an external telephone and also allows Direct Inward Dialling from an external telephone to a TETRA Subscriber. The Telephone Gateway also supports two-stage dialling into the gateway from the telephone exchange. The Telephone gateway can support one of the following interfaces at a time: ISDN PRI (E1 connections) ISDN BRI Analogue ports with Two-wire trunk or 4 wire E&M trunk Multiple Telephone Gateways can be installed on the system.

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T-MATRIX Data Gateways

A Data Gateway can be used by TETRA Subscribers to exchange data between each other and to use applications over the external (customerprovided) data IP network. The TETRA Subscribers can invoke and use standardised applications such as FTP, e-mail, and HTTP Web browsing using the data gateway. The Data Gateway can also be used to exchange information like pictures, texts, sounds, GPS, telemetry etc. Due to the distributed nature of the T-MATRIX architecture, Data Gateways can be placed anywhere in the private TETRA network. Multiple data gateways can also be installed. Circuit Mode Data Gateway This data gateway provides the means for an external customers network to use the TETRA circuit mode for the transportation of large amounts of data through the private T-MATRIX TETRA system to devices or applications external to the TETRA network.

Figure 9 - Circuit Mode Data Gateway

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SDS Gateway The SDS Gateway allows a radio subscriber to send or receive SDS messages to/from an external third party application. This third party device can be connected either via an Ethernet port or via the serial port.

Figure 10 - SDS Gateway

The SDS Gateway currently supports two application interfaces: T-MATRIX AVL CommtechMessenger Messaging Platform.

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T-MATRIX
Inter-System Network Gateway The Inter-System Network Gateway provides an interface between the TMATRIX system and another radio system whether it is a conventional analogue wireless network or another TETRA System. This means that existing external network radio subscribers can be made part of the TETRA infrastructure and hence allow voice calls between the two networks.

Figure 11 - Inter-system Network Gateway Analogue Example

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T-MATRIX
Voice Gateway The Voice gateway is connected to the IP Network and allows the connection to our partners voice recording solution which can record any TETRA voice communication activity on the system. Features: Recording of individual half-duplex communication Recording of individual full-duplex communication Recording of the group communications. Classify the recorded communication Archival of the recorded communication Retrieve earlier recorded communication Playback earlier recorded communication Fast forward and reverse navigation control On large systems gateways are installed at each site so that traffic is kept locally and does not interfere with the bandwidth on the backbone. Archiving is then centralised at non-peak times.

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T-MATRIX System Enhancement Products T-MATRIX

Automatic Vehicle Locator (AVL)

Figure 12 - Automatic Vehicle Location Station (AVLS)

The T-MATRIX AVL Solution provides the ability to track the location of GPSenabled subscriber terminals within the TETRA network and is available in both single and multiple user configurations. This location information can be further used to provide other value-added services. The principle of operation of the AVL Solution is that each trackable TETRA Radio Terminal on the system is equipped with a GPS receiver and antenna. The TETRA Radio Terminal is thus able to receive and decode data from various GPS satellites and establish its own geographic location. The Terminal software is programmed to regularly send an SDS message containing the location information to the system AVL interface, which can either be a dedicated SDS receiving Terminal or an SDS Gateway. Based on the location data contained in the received SDS messages, the AVL Server can build up a database and thereby track the movements of the sending Terminal. The data accumulated by the AVL Server can be accessed by one or more AVL Clients, which are able to display information in graphical format regarding the whereabouts of the various Terminals or groups of Terminals specified by the user of the AVL Client. In the case of the Basic Single-User

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configuration, the Server and Client applications both run on the same dedicated desktop machine. A range of user-functions is provided, which includes the ability to: define which tracked terminals are to be displayed, set the zoom level of the map display, set the detail of the map display, view current or previous terminal locations, retrieve and analyse terminal movements over any previous time period, provide alarms if terminals go outside a defined boundary (geofencing). send and receive (non-GPS) SDS messages to/from TETRA terminals export, import, view and replay log files remotely set individual terminal update rates (within permitted values)

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Artevea Customer Services

Artevea have extensive knowledge in the implementation and design of TETRA Systems. These services can be provided to others as part of the complete contract or as additional service support on a consultancy basis. Some of the expertise topics which are considered can be seen below. Propagation Coverage in a multi-site TETRA system is based on a standard cellular technique (macro cells). Users can move freely within and between cells, both when in and out of calls. This process is handled by the Mobility Management System. Movement between cells is often referred to as Migration and is achieved by means of the terminal receiver continuously scanning for received signals from relevant radio site/sites, a process known as background scanning. Once the terminal detects a stronger signal level than the one it is presently receiving, then the terminal registers to the new site. There are circumstances in which background scanning is not possible, in which case the T-MATRIX system uses Announced Cell Re-selection type 3. In Announced Cell Re-selection Type 3 the mobile is able to inform the serving cell of its intention to re-select. This process maximises the probability of recovering the connections on the new cell. Our specialist radio propagation team uses a combination of map or field surveying and sophisticated imaging techniques such as digital terrain mapping. Offering an immense wealth of experience in varied terrain throughout the world, they can analyse the propagation characteristics in your coverage area and determine the optimum antenna sites. System Design & Consultancy The TETRA system has been designed from its conception to be very reliable and has proved this in use. In a networked system, distributed control is featured so that failures in one part of the system have little effect on the rest of the system. If a Networked TETRA Radio Site becomes isolated from the remainder of the system, that site operates separately in Fallback mode. Local calls through that site are unaffected. Inter-site calls to and from the isolated site are lost. The remainder of the system continues to operate normally. The information within the system is controlled via databases. These databases are logically connected to provide the best performance for the customer requirements, which usually require one of the databases to take on the role of a reference database. All databases are regularly updated but the

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reference is used to be the arbitrator if data conflicts occur. An isolated site's database is updated locally. When the link is restored to the previously isolated TETRA Radio Site, its database will align with reference database. The topic of redundancy can become complex and costly especially as it can be dependent on items outside the TETRA architecture, however Artevea will be pleased to discuss the provision of Redundancy and Duplication to find the most cost effective solution and provide upgrade prices as necessary. Taking into account your communications traffic and required area coverage, we can design the optimum solution within your available budget. Fleet Mapping In order to realise the full capability of the TETRA system it is necessary to have a numbering plan which allocates numbers to users and assemble users into groups. The numbering plan will be dependant on the Customer's operational requirements. The numbering plan must be built from the combined knowledge of the capability of the TETRA system and the Customer's requirements. Unless specified otherwise, the system will be supplied with a factory default numbering plan. Artevea will be pleased to provide a priced proposal for the preparation of a bespoke numbering plan to suit the customers specific requirements. Grade of Service The Grade of Service is a specific measure of the quality of the service to the user i.e. the probability that a percentage of the users will have to wait for more than a specified duration for their call to be set up. Artevea can work with the Customer to calculate the required Grade of Service for the system and design the system in order to meet the Customer's requirements. System Commissioning Multi-disciplinary teams of planning, civil, mechanical, electrical and electronics and telecommunication engineers provide an integrated and highly efficient installation and commissioning service. Site Installation Artevea will install the T-MATRIX Base Stations, Gateway Racks, Dispatchers, Network Management Terminals etc

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Terminal Configuration design Artevea will be pleased to design suitable Terminal Configurations for your TMATRIX network. Customer FAT Artevea will conduct a Customer Factory Acceptance Test prior to shipping to the customer site. Customer SAT Artevea will conduct a Customer Site Acceptance Test after installation and commissioning at the customer sites. Maintenance We offer an integrated package of customer support services, fully flexible to meet your needs, totally reliable to ensure that your system is maintained at maximum efficiency. Training Training sessions on location or at one of our Training Centres cover operational techniques and routine procedures, to help users take full advantage of our systems. Project Management Our project management use computer based management tools to oversee every aspect of implementation. We will appoint a senior member of staff to take overall responsibility for your project. Other Services include: Live system performance review Terminal Programming Third party application integration

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T-MATRIX System Features

Feature
Individual Half Duplex

Speech Calls Comments

A call from one individual subscriber to another. Uses pressto-talk (PTT) signalling (like a traditional PMR system) the user operates the PTT switch on their terminal to talk and releases it to listen. The system manages the PTT signalling; ensuring that only one party can transmit at a time. Either party may clear the call. Two call set-up strategies are supported:Direct call set-up - the call is set up immediately without waiting for the called party to indicate that they are ready to receive the call. Hook signalling the system alerts the called party (their terminal may generate a ring tone); the call is set up when they answer (e.g. by pressing a button on their terminal or by lifting a handset off hook).

Individual Full Duplex

A call from one individual subscriber to another. Both parties can listen and talk at the same time. A radio subscriber will generally hold the radio to their ear and use it like a telephone use of the PTT switch is not required. Either party may clear the call. Direct call set-up and hook signalling are supported.

Group Half Duplex

A call from a subscriber to a talk group a number of subscribers who have attached their terminals to a specific group identity. Uses PTT signalling the parties operate the PTT switch on their terminals to talk and release it to listen. The system manages the PTT signalling; ensuring that only one party can transmit at a time. The call set-up is unacknowledged the originator does not receive any indication of which other parties have joined in the group call, although the identity of the user currently transmitting can be displayed to other members of the group. Only the originator may clear the call.

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Feature
Group Pre-defined status

Status & Short Data Calls Comments

A pre-defined status message sent from an individual subscriber to a talk group; all of the members of the talk group who are not engaged in individual calls at the time receive the message. A variable length datagram (up to a system defined limit) sent from one individual subscriber to another, containing ASCII characters (similar to the SMS text message feature found in mobile phones). A user-defined SDS message sent from an individual subscriber to a talk group; all of the members of the talk group who are not engaged in individual calls at the time receive the message.

User-defined SDS Individual

User defined SDS Group

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Feature
Individual, Half Duplex

Circuit Mode Data Calls Comments

A data call allowing the transfer of arbitrary digital information from one individual subscriber to another. Uses PTT signalling; the data terminal equipment/applications must be suitable for half duplex operation and be able to control the terminal PTT requests. The system manages the PTT requests; ensuring that only one party can transmit at a time. Either partys data equipment/application may clear the call. Three strategies for management of transmission errors are supported:Unprotected the system does not attempt any error correction; the maximum data bandwidth available is 7.2kbps. Low protection the system provides modest error correction (able to correct some transmission errors); the maximum data bandwidth available is 4.8kbps. High protection the system provides significant error correction (able to correct most transmission errors); the maximum data bandwidth available is 2.4kbps. Resistance to transmission errors during data calls set up using low protection or high protection is further improved by interleaving at the air interface the data to be transmitted is divided into blocks; a small amount of data from each block is sent in turn instead of sending it all sequentially from beginning to end.

Individual, Full Duplex

A data call from one individual subscriber to another. Both parties data equipment/applications may receive and transmit at the same time. Either partys data equipment/application may clear the call. Data calls are supported in unprotected, low protection and high protection modes.

Group Half Duplex

A data call from one individual subscriber to a talk group; all the members of the talk group receive the data. Uses PTT signalling; the data terminal equipment/applications must be suitable for half duplex operation and be able to control the terminal PTT requests. The system manages the PTT requests; ensuring that only one party can transmit at a time. Only the originator may clear the call.

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Data calls are supported in unprotected, low protection and high protection modes.

Feature
Subscriber management

System Management Comments

The system provides administrative tools to manage the subscriber database including:(a) Addition and deletion of individual subscribers and talk groups (b) Changing subscriber access rights (c) Enabling and disabling terminals (e.g. if lost or stolen) (d) Call data record export for traffic analysis etc. Administrative tools are provided for system management, including:(a) Element configuration (creation/deletion of radio sites, dispatchers, etc., adjustment of system operating parameters. (b) Fault localisation fault reporting and logging; includes description and location of fault.

System management

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Feature
Priority call

Supplementary Services Comments

A subscriber may request that a call they are is placing is treated by the system as having a higher importance under busy conditions when no system resources (e.g. base station traffic time-slots) are available call set-up requests may be queued calls requests with a higher priority will be queued ahead of those requests of a lower priority; when the system resources become available the higher priority calls will be set up first. Any supported speech or circuit mode data call type may be requested as a priority call.

Pre-emptive priority call

A subscriber may request that a call they are placing is treated by the system as having a very high importance or urgency (for example a call being made in an emergency situation) an immediate call set-up is required. The system handles the pre-emptive call as follows:(a) If the called party is engaged in an individual call of a lower priority that call is cleared and the pre-emptive call is set up. (b) If the called party is a talk group which is engaged in a group call of a lower priority that call is cleared and the pre-emptive call is set up. (c) If the called party is an individual subscriber who is engaged in a group call of a lower priority the system may be able to clear them from the group call and set up the pre-emptive call. (i) If the called party is the originator of the group call, the call is cleared. (ii) If the called party did not originate the group call, but has made a transmission (i.e. the system knows that they are participating in the group call) they will be cleared from the call. (d) If no system resources (e.g. base station traffic timeslots) are available to set up the call one or more existing calls are cleared to free up sufficient resources for the pre-emptive call. Any supported speech or circuit mode data call type may be requested as a pre-emptive priority call.

Broadcast call

A one way half-duplex call from a dispatcher to a talk group. Only the dispatcher is permitted to talk; the members of the talk group can only listen (PTT disabled). Only the dispatcher may clear the call.

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Calling Line Identification Presentation (CLIP) Talking Party Identification (TPI) Late Entry

When the terminal receives a call, it may display the identity of the caller.

During half-duplex calls, the terminal may display the identity of the party who is currently transmitting. When a group call is set up, the system may periodically repeat the call set-up information so that members of the talk group who were busy at the time (e.g. engaged in another call) will automatically join the group call when they become free. The system allows the Dispatcher to create, modify and delete talk groups on the fly for example to create a talk group comprising users who are working at the scene of an incident. Upon creation of the talk group, the group members terminals may be automatically attached to the group with no user intervention required.

Dynamic Groups (DGNA)

Emergency Call

A call to a pre-programmed destination (e.g. a dispatcher) initiated by pressing an alarm key on the terminal. May be programmed to be one of:(a) (b) A pre-defined status message the status code sent has the special reserved value, meaning Emergency) A pre-emptive priority speech call the call priority is set to the highest value, meaning Emergency.

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Feature
PABX Call

Telephone Comments
The system allows PABX calls to be initiated and received via a QSig Gateway. Telephone calls are conducted in Full Duplex. This Gateway provides 15 channels (lines) for connection to the PABX. Services supported are:(a) CLIP (Calling Line Identification Presentation) (b) TPI (Talking Party Identification) (c) QSig Party Identification Presentation PSTN connectivity is achieved through the PABX. Services are available as for PABX if permitted by the PSTN/PABX system.

PSTN Call

Security Feature
Authentication

Comments
The system verifies the terminal equipments identity (TEI) against its list of known terminals during registration to ensure that unauthorised terminals are not allowed access to the system Provides protection against interception of communication by encrypting all signalling and traffic (speech or data) at the air interface. Air interface encryption according to the TEA1 standard is supported, employing static cipher keys (SCK).

Air Interface Encryption

Permanent Disable

A facility to disable lost or stolen radio terminals to prevent their unauthorised use on the system. Upon receiving the disable command the terminal erases vital program or configuration data, rendering it completely inoperative. Once disabled, a radio can only be re-activated by re-programming in the workshop. Permanent disable is only supported on systems employing air interface encryption.

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System Resource Management

The system contains a number of features to improve efficiency of use of its available resources

Feature
Call timers

Comments
Call Duration timer limits the maximum time that any particular call may last; once this limit it exceeded the call is cleared down by the system. PTT Inactivity timer Automatically clears down a half-duplex call if no-one is transmitting. PTT duration timer limits the maximum length of an over during a half-duplex call.

Call Queue

In the event that the system is busy and resources (e.g. base station traffic time-slots) required to set up a call are not available, speech and circuit mode data call requests may be queued (and will be set up when the resources become free). The system rejects invalid/non-supported call types (e.g. acknowledged group calls) and invalid/unrecognised air interface messages. The system arbitrates PTT requests during half-duplex calls; the following messages are supported:Request to transmit Sent by terminal when PTT switch is operated. Transmission granted Sent by system to give terminal permission to transmit. Transmission not granted Sent by system to reject PTT request (e.g. if another user is already transmitting). Stop Transmission order Sent by system to force terminal to stop transmitting (e.g. on TX duration timeout).

Call Rejection

PTT Operation

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Traffic Resource Assignment

The system employs the following strategies when allocating resources for circuit-mode calls:Early network user channel assignment the system allocates IP network resources before setting up the call. Late Traffic Channel assignment Traffic channel time slots are not allocated until the end of the call set-up. Message Trunking The traffic channel time slots are allocated for the duration of the call.

Cell Reselection

The system provides a number of services to support migration of terminals between sites:Network broadcast information/neighbour cell information The system periodically broadcasts information listing supported services at the air interface and details of neighbouring sites. Undeclared cell reselection A terminal not in a call may leave one site and re-register on another site (e.g. if it goes out of range or finds that another site would give it a better signal. The system automatically updates the record for that subscriber with the new location. Unannounced cell reselection A terminal in a call may leave one site (e.g. if it has gone out of range), register on another site and request that its call be reconnected to the new site. The system updates the subscriber record with the new location and the call is handed over to the new site. Announced Type 3 cell reselection A terminal in a call may detect that it no longer has an acceptable signal from its present site, and announces that it is going to move to another site. The terminal finds another site with an acceptable signal, re-registers on that site and requests that its call be reconnected to the new site. The system updates the subscriber record with the new location and the call is handed over to the new site.

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Technical Information
Acronyms
AVLS BCU BSC BStrx IP LAN LNA MS NMS NMT OLM PABX PTT Rx SCA SDS SNMP TBS TETRA Automatic Vehicle Location System BCU Processor with the BSC Processor forms the TSC BSC Processor with the BCU Processor forms the TSC Base Site Transceiver Internet Protocol Local Area Network Local Network Access Mobile Station Network Management Server Network Management Terminal Optical Link Manager Private Automatic Branch Exchange Press To Talk Receive or Receiver System Configuration Architect Short Data Service Simple Network Management Protocol Tetra Base Station TErrestrial Trunked RAdio

T-MATRIX F Generic name for the Artevea range of Fixed products T-MATRIX P Generic name for the Artevea range of Portable products TNA TSC Tx WAN TETRA Network Access TETRA Site Controller Transmit or Transmitter Wide Area Network

Please refer to the Technical Brochures: TSP101 TSP102 TSP103 ARTEVEA T-MATRIX F ARTEVEA T-MATRIX P ARTEVEA T-MATRIX Control and Gateway Products

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Artevea Digital Limited 1 Clifton Court Cambridge CB1 7BN United Kingdom Technical Support Sales Telephone (all enquiries) Fax (all enquiries) Internet [email protected] [email protected] +44 (0) 1223 245721 +44 (0) 1223 416235 www.artevea.com

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