Second conditional excercises Carlos Adrin Mtz Almanza

1 What would you do if you ______ President? are were will be would be 6 If I ______ a Rolls Royce, I'd give it away to charity. I don't believe people should own big cars. have had will have would have

2 If motorists had to pay an extra tax to drive in cities, they ______ their cars a lot less. use used will use would use

7 If I went to Russia, I ______ the Hermitage museum. visit visited will visit would visit

3 If public transport ______ free, less people would use their cars. is were will be would be

8 If you lend me some money, I ______ you back tomorrow. pay paid will pay would pay

4 If you ______ rich, what car would you have? are were will be would be

9 I ______ more exercise if I were you. You're getting fat. take took will take would take

5 If your boss ______ you to work all week-end, what would you say? asks asked will ask would ask

10 I ______ to him if I were you. don't listen didn't listen won't listen wouldn't listen

11 I ______ by tomorrow, if I have time.

Second conditional excercises Carlos Adrin Mtz Almanza

come came will come would come 17 If Emmanuelle wasn't so stupid, she ______ what a mistake she has made. realizes realized will realize would realize didn't ask won't ask wouldn't ask

12 If my company asked me to move to another country, I ______ refuse refused will refuse would refuse

13 If it ______ tomorrow, we won't go. rains rained will rain would rain

18 If we hadn't changed supplier, we ______ in the mess we are now in. aren't weren't won't be wouldn't be

14 If I never see her again, it ______ too soon. is was will be would be

19 If I have time, I ______ you. call called will call would call

15 If you don't want me to do it, I ______ it. don't do didn't do won't do wouldn't do

20 I ______ do that, if I were in your shoes. don't do didn't do won't do wouldn't do

16 If you were the last person in the world, I ______ you for help. don't ask

Second conditional excercises Carlos Adrin Mtz Almanza

1. If we (have) 2. If he (have) 3. If they (tell) 4. She (spend) 5. If I (live) 6. We (help)

had

a yacht, we (sail)

w ould sail

the seven seas. karate. very angry. easier to get a green card. around naked all day. how. the money.

more time, he (learn) their father, he (be) a year in the USA if it (be) on a lonely island, I (run) you if we (know) a sports car if he (have) better, I (go)

7. My brother (buy) 8. If I (feel) 9. If you (go) 10. She (not / talk)

to the cinema with you. so flabby. mad at you.

by bike more often, you (be / not) to you if she (be)

Fill in the spaces with the correct form of the verb for these 2nd conditional sentences.

1. If I

(have) more time, I would read more. (can buy) a new house. (live) downtown? (join) a band.

2. If she won the lottery, she

3. Would you live in an apartment if you 4. If I could play the guitar, I would 5. I

(eat) more fruit if I lived in Mexico. (be) in better shape. (can) go anywhere in the world? (have) the chance? (be) Superman.

6. If I played soccer, I

7. Where would you go on vacation if you 8. Would you work in France if you 9. If I could be any super hero, I

Second conditional excercises Carlos Adrin Mtz Almanza

10. They would wake up early if they

(work).

Second conditional excercises Carlos Adrin Mtz Almanza 6. If we bought her a pet dog, do you think after it? (she, look)

7. If on the moon, I don't know what I would eat. (I, live) 8. If I made you a cup of tea, it. (you, not, drink)

Practice 1: Complete these sentences with the past simple or would + verb.

1. What (you, do)

if you lost your job?

2. If a wallet, would you keep it? (you, find) 3. If you, he wouldn't keep buying you presents. (he, not, love) 4. In what situation kill) 5. someone? (you,

that coat if I had more money. (I, buy)

Second conditional excercises Carlos Adrin Mtz Almanza

Second Conditional Exercise at Auto-English

IF + PAST SIMPLE , WOULD + INFINITIVE WOULD+ INFINITIVE + IF + PAST SIMPLE Fill the gap using the verb in brackets. 5 gaps need a NEGATIVE verb! 1 2 3 I ___________________ that if I were you. It's bad luck. (to do) They'd be a better team if they ___________________ fitter. (to be) If I had some spare money, I ___________________ a DVD player. (to buy) Those children ___________________ so horrible if their parents were stricter. (to be) I wouldn't go out with him even if you ___________________ me. (to pay) If we ___________________ so hard, we wouldn't be so tired all the time. (to work) If she didn't take so long in the shower, she ___________________ more time for breakfast. (to have) If you ___________________ so much beer, you wouldn't be so fat. (to drink) The world ___________________ a better place if politicians were less vain. (to be) I ___________________ to visit Thailand if I had the chance. (to love) If I had more free time, I ___________________ a play. (to

write) 12 If you ___________________ a digital camera, you could send photos by email. (to have) He would definitely lose weight if he ___________________ eating carbohydrates and sugar. (to stop) We could go travelling across France if we ___________________ a tent. (to buy) Valencia would have the perfect climate if it ___________________ so hot in July and August. (to be) If I understood more about computers, I___________________ help you out. (to be able to) I wouldn't do that if I ___________________ you. (to be)

13

14

15

16

17

10

11

Second conditional excercises Carlos Adrin Mtz Almanza

REMEMBER: The second conditional is used to talk about unreal situations in the present (things that are impossible, that won't happen, etc.) - Choose the correct response for each of the sentences:

5. If she ________ me, she would have told me. didn't believe wouldn't believe

1. If his nose were smaller, he _________ very handsome. would be was 2. I would come if I _________ a car. would have had 3. If she _________, she would tell him. knows knew 4. If his parents didn't give him money, he ________ so much. wouldn't go out didn't go out

6. He wouldn't say that if he ________ it. wouldn't mean didn't mean 7. I ________ on a trip around the world if I won the lottery. would go will go 8. I ________ that if I were you. will not do would not do 9. If these walls _________ thicker, we wouldn't hear the neighbors. would be were 10. If I were a millionaire, ________ a mansion. I'd buy I'm going to buy

Second conditional excercises Carlos Adrin Mtz Almanza

SECOND CONDITIONAL
La segunda condicional se utiliza para expresar una condicin improbable o imposible. Para entender a qu hacemos referencia vamos a ver un ejemplo. Si fuese rico, me comprara una casa.

PARA QU SIRVE? Utilizamos las condicionales para indicar una condicin y un resultado y por lo tanto consiste en dos frases, la principal y la que indica la condicin. Las segunda condicional indica lo que ocurrira si se diese la condicin, aunque es improbable o imposible que suceda. CMO SE FORMA? AFIRMATIVA: Las segunda condicional se forma con el pasado simple en la 'if-clause' y con el would en la 'main clause'. [IF... + PAST SIMPLE]

+ [WOULD + VERBO PRINCIPAL]

If I won the lottery, I would buy a house

* En este caso indicamos algo improbable, ya que es una situacin que rara vez ocurre. Tambin se puede utilizar los modales 'could' y 'might' en la frase principal. Si ganase la lotera, me podra comprar una casa.

Si ganase la lotera, me comprara una casa.

If I won the lottery, I could buy a house

NEGATIVA: Para hacer una condicional negativa podemos utilizar dos estructuras diferentes. La primera sera negando los verbos normalmente.

If I didnt win the lottery, I wouldnt buy a house.

* Como podemos ver en el ejemplo, simplemente negamos las frases. Recuerda que pueden estar las dos negadas o slo una de ellas. Sin embargo, tambin podemos utilizar 'unless' seguido del verbo en afirmativa, manteniendo el mismo significado.

Si no ganase la lotera, no me comprara una casa.

Unless I won the lottery, I wouldn't buy a house.

* Recuerda que 'unless' significa 'a menos que' o 'si no', por lo que ya indica un significado negativo. INTERROGATIVA: La segunda condicional suele aparecer en preguntas, ya que con ello podemos preguntar por supuestos imaginarios.

Si no ganase la lotera, no me comprara una casa.

What would you do if you won the lottery?

Me comprara una casa.

Qu haras si ganases la lotera?

Second conditional excercises Carlos Adrin Mtz Almanza I would buy a house.

QU DEBO RECORDAR? WAS/WERE: Debemos recordar que cuando usamos el verbo 'to be' podemos utilizar la forma 'were' (en lugar de 'was') para todas las personas.

If I were you, I would buy a new car.

Si l fuese rico comprara un coche nuevo.

Si yo fuese t comprara un coche nuevo.

If he were rich, he would buy a new car.

* A veces lo encontraremos con 'was', pero es una forma menos formal, especialmente en ingls americano. ESTRUCTURA: Cuando hablamos de oraciones condicionales debemos tener en cuenta que estn formadas por dos frases. La 'if-clause' que es la frase que contiene la partcula 'if'. Esta frase indica la hiptesis o condicin.
1 2

La 'main clause', es decir, la frase principal. Esta frase lo que indica es el resultado.

ORDEN: Recuerda que estas dos frases pueden intercambiarse el orden, es decir, que podemos tambin encontrar la 'main-clause' primero y luego la 'if-clause'.

If I won the lottery, I would buy a house. I would buy a house if I won the lottery.
*1 Cuando la 'if-clause' est delante separamos las frases con una coma, de lo contrario no es necesario. *2 Recuerda, adems, que podemos encontrar 'would' contrado.

Second conditional excercises Carlos Adrin Mtz Almanza

Type I or II Complete the Conditional Sentences. Decide whether to use Type I or II. 1. If they go to Washington, they (see) 2. If she (have) the White House.

a hamster, she would call him Fred. crying.

3. If he gave her a sweet, she (stop) 4. If he (arrive)

later, he will take a taxi. slowly.

5. We would understand him if he (speak) 6. Andy (cook) dinner if we buy the food.

7. I will prepare breakfast if I (wake up) 8. If they shared a room, they (fight)

early. all day long. the tour. to do her homework.

9. If you hate walking in the mountains, you (enjoy / not) 10. Janet would go jogging if she (have / not)

Practice 2: First or Second Conditional? For each pair of sentences below, one could be a future possibility, and the other a present/future imaginary situation. Choose the correct tense to complete the sentences.

1. He loves being a teacher, but if 2. He's studying medicine. If (he, become, earn) 3. They want a dog, but they live in London. If

a doctor, a doctor,

more money. a lot of money.

in the country, in the country,

a dog. a dog.

4. They are thinking of moving to the country. If (they, live, buy) 5. She's really tired. If 6. She's really tired. If (she, not go, not be) 7. You're going to open a cake shop? Well, if 8. Your home-made cakes are delicious. If (you, sell, make) out tonight, out every night,

so tired tomorrow. so tired all the time.

these cakes, them,

a fortune! a fortune!

Second conditional excercises Carlos Adrin Mtz Almanza

Put the verb into the correct form. Key. 1 They would be offended if I didn't go to their party. (not / go) 2 If you took more exercise, you would feel better. (feel) 3 If they offered me the job, I think I ___________ it. (take) 4 A lot of people would be out of work if the car factory ___________. (close down) 5 If I sold my car, I ___________ much money for it. (not / get) 6 (in a lift) What would happen if somebody ___________ that red button? (press) 7 I don't think there's any chance that Gary and Emma will get married. I'd be absolutely astonished if they ___________.(do) 8 Liz gave me this ring. She ___________ very upset if I lost it. (be) 9 Dave and Kate are expecting us. They would be very disappointed if we ___________. (not / come) 10 Would Steve mind if I ___________ his bike without asking him? (borrow) 11 What would you do if somebody ___________ in here with a gun? (walk) 12 I'm sure Sue ___________ if you explained the situation to her. (understand) You ask a friend to imagine these situations. You ask What would you do if ... ? Key. 1 2 3 4 (imagine - you win a lot of money) What would you do if you won a lot of money? (imagine - you lose your passport) What _______________________________________ (imagine - there's a fire in the building) _____________________________________________ (imagine - you're in a lift and it stops between floors) _____________________________________________

Answer the questions in the way shown. Key. 1 2 3 4 5 6 A: Shall we catch the 10.30 train? B: No. (arrive too earlv) If we caught the 10.30 train, we'd arrive too early. A: Is Kevin going to take his driving test? B: No. (fail) If he __________________________________________ A: Why don't we stay at a hotel? B: No. (cost too much) If __________________________________________ A: Is Sally going to apply for the job? B: No. (not / get it) If __________________________________________ A: Let's tell them the truth. B: No. (not / believe us) If __________________________________________ A: Why don't we invite Bill to the party? B: No. (have to invite his friends too) __________________________________________

Use your own ideas to complete these sentences. Key. 1 2 3 4 5 6 If you took more exercise, you'd feel better. I'd be very angry if ____________________ If I didn't go to work tomorrow. ____________________ Would you go to the party if ____________________ If you bought some new clothes, ____________________ Would vou mind if ____________________

Second conditional excercises Carlos Adrin Mtz Almanza

1. Put the verb into the correct form. 1. They would be offended if I didn't go to their party. 2. If you took more exercise, you would feel better. 3. If they offered me the job, I think I would take it. 4. A lot of people would out of work if the car factory closed down. 5. If I sold my car, I wouldn't get much money for it. 6. (in a lift) What would happen if somebody pressed that red button? 7. I don't think there's any chance that Gary and Emma will get married. I'd be absolutely astonished ifthey did. 8. Liz gave me this ring. She would be very upset if I lost it. 9. Dave and Kate are expecting us. They would be very disappointed if we didn't come. 10. Would Steve mind if I borrowed his bike without asking him? 11. What would you do if somebody walked in here with a gun? 12. I'm sure Sue would understand if you explained the situation to her. 2.You ask a friend to imagine these situations. You ask 'What would you do if ...?' 1. (imagine-you win a lot of money) What would you do if you won a lot of money? 2. (imagine-you lose your passport) What would you do if you lost your passport? 3.(imagine-there's a fire in the building) What would you do if there was a fire in the building? 4. (imagine- you're in a lift and it stops between floors) What would you do if you was in a lift and it stoped between floors? 3. Answer the questions the way shown. 1. A: Shall we catch the 10.30 train? B: No. If we caught the 10.30 train, we would arrive too early. 2. A: Is Kevin going to take his driving test? B: No. If he took his driving test, he would fail it. 3. A: Why don't we stay at a hotel? B: No. If we stayed at a hotel, it would cost too much. 4. A: Is Sally going to apply for the job? B: No. If she applied for the job, she wouldn't get it. 5. A: Let's tell them the truth. B: No. If I told them a truth, they wouldn't believe us. 6. A: Why don't we invite Bill to the party? B: No. If we invented Bill to the party, we would have to invite his friends too. 4. Use your own ideas to complete these sentences. 1. If you took more exercise, you'd feel better. 2. I'd be very angry if my sister took my diary. 3. If I didn't go to work tomorrow, a boss rebuked me. 4. Would you go to the party if you had a lot of homework? 5. If you bought some new clothes, you would be happy. 6. Would you mind if someone asked your phone number?

Put the verb into the correct form. 1 If I knew (know) his number, I would phone him. 2 I wouldn't buy (not / buy) that coat if I were you. 3 I _______________ (help) you if I could, but I'm afraid I can't. 4 We would need a car if we _______________ (live) in the country. 5 If we had the choice, we _______________ (live) in the country.

Second conditional excercises Carlos Adrin Mtz Almanza

6 This soup isn't very good. It _______________ (taste) better if it wasn't so salty. 7 I wouldn't mind living in England if the weather _______________ (be) better. 8 If I were you, I _______________ (not /wait). I _______________ (go) now. 9 You're always tired. If you _______________ (not / go) to bed so late every night, you wouldn't be tired all the time. 10 I think there are too many cars. If there _______________ (not / be) so many cars, there _______________ (not / be) so much pollution. Write a sentence with if ... for each situation 1 We don't see you very often because you live so far away. If you didn't live so far away, we'd see you more often. 2 This book is too expensive, so I'm not going to buy it. I'd ____________________ if _____________________! 3 We don't go out very often - we can't afford it. We _____________________________________________ 4 I can't meet you tomorrow - I have to work late. If _____________________________________________ 5 It's raining, so we can't have lunch outside. _____________________________________________ 6 I don't want his advice, and that's why I'm not going to ask for it. If _____________________________________________ Write sentences beginning I wish ... . 1 I don't know many people (and I'm lonely). I wish I knew more people. 2 I don't have a mobile phone (and I need one). I wish ________________________ 3 Helen isn't here (and I need to see her). ________________________ 4 It's cold (and I hate cold weather! ________________________ 5 I live in a big city (and I don't like it). ________________________ 6 I can't go to the party (and I'd like to). ________________________ 7 I have to work tomorrow (but I'd like to stay in bed). ________________________ 8 I don't know anything about cars (and my car has just broken down). ___________________ 9 I'm not feeling well (and it's not nice). ________________________ Write your own sentences beginning I wish ... 1 2 3 4 (somewhere you'd like to be now - on the beach, in New York, in bed etc.) I wish I _______________________________ (something you'd like to have - a computer, a job, lots of money etc.) _______________________________ (something you'd like to be able to do - sing, speak a language, fly etc.) _______________________________ (something you'd like to be - beautiful, strong, rich etc.) _______________________________

Second conditional excercises Carlos Adrin Mtz Almanza

Compare these examples: (1) Lisa has lost her watch. She tells Sue: Lisa: I've lost my watch. Have you seen it anywhere? Sue: No, but if I find it, I'll tell you. In this example, Sue feels there is a real possibility that she will find the watch. So she says: if I find..., I'll... . (2) Joe says: If I found a wallet in the street, I'd take it to the police station. This is a different type of situation. Here, Joe doesn't expect to find a wallet in the street: he is imagining a situation that will probably not happen.

So he says: if I found ... , I'd (= I would) ... . (not if I find ... , I'll ...) When you imagine something like this, you use if + past (if I found / if there was / if we didn't etc.). But the meaning is not past: What would you do if you won a million pounds? (we don't really expect this to happen) I don't really want to go to their party, but I probably will go. They'd be upset if I didn't go. If there was (or were) an election tomorrow, who would you vote for? We do not normally use would in the if-part of the sentence: I'd be very frightened if somebody pointed a gun at me. (not if somebody would point) If I didn't go to their party, they'd be upset. (not If I wouldn't go)

But you can use if ... would when you ask somebody to do something: (from a formal letter) I would be grateful if you would let me know your decision as soon as possible. In the other part of the sentence (not the if-part) we use would ('d) / wouldn't: If you took more exercise, you'd (= you would) feel better. I'm not tired. If I went to bed now, I wouldn't sleep. Would you mind if I used your phone?

Could and might are also possible: If you took more exercise, you might feel better. (= it is possible that you would feel better) If it stopped raining, we could go out. (= we would be able to go out) Do not use when in sentences like those on this page: They'd be upset if I didn't go to their party. (not when I didn't go) What would you do if you were bitten by a snake? (not when you were bitten)

Second conditional excercises Carlos Adrin Mtz Almanza

Study this example situation:

Sarah wants to phone Paul, but she can't do this because she doesn't know his number. She says: If I knew his number, I would phone him. Sarah says: If I knew his number ... . This tells us that she doesn't know his number. She is imagining the situation. The real situation is that she doesn't know his number. When you imagine a situation like this, you use if + past (if I knew / if you were / if we didn't etc.). But the meaning is present, not past: Tom would read more if he had more time. (but he doesn't have much time) If I didn't want to go to the party, I wouldn't go. (but I want to go) We wouldn't have any money if we didn't work. (but we work) If you were in my position, what would you do? It's a pity you can't drive. It would be useful if you could. We use the past in the same way after wish (I wish I knew /I wish you

were etc.). We use wishto say that we regret something, that something is not as we would like it to be: I wish I knew Paul's phone number. (= I don't know it and I regret this) Do you ever wish you could fly? (you can't fly) It rains a lot here. I wish it didn't rain so often. It's very crowded here. I wish there weren't so many people. (there are a lot of people) I wish I didn't have to work tomorrow, but unfortunately I do. If I were / if I was After if and wish, you can use were instead of was (if I were ... / I wish it were etc.). I was / it was are also possible. So you can say: If I were you, I wouldn't buy that coat. or If I was you, ... I'd go out if it weren't so cold. or ... if it wasn't so cold. I wish Carol were here. or I wish Carol was here.

Second conditional excercises Carlos Adrin Mtz Almanza

We do not normally use would in the if-part of the sentence or after wish: If I were rich, I would have a yacht. (not If I would be rich) I wish I had something to read. (not I wish I would have)

Sometimes wish ... would is possible: I wish you would listen. Could sometimes means 'would be able to' and sometimes 'was/were able to': You could get a better job (you could get = you would be able to get) if you could use a computer. (you could use = you were able to use)