STPM Trial 2012 Chemistry Qa Pahang PDF

1
Trial STPM 962/1 [Turn over (Lihat sebelah)

*This question paper is CONFIDENTIAL until the examination is over. CONFIDENTIAL

CONFIDENTIAL*/ SULIT*

962/1

TRIAL STPM 2012
(PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN STPM 2012)

CHEMISTRY (KIMIA)

PAPER 1 (KERTAS 1)

MULTIPLE-CHOICE ( ANEKA PILIHAN )

One hour and forty-five minutes (Satu jam empat puluh lima minit)
Instructions to candidates:
DO NOT OPEN THIS BOOKLET UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.
There are fifty questions in this paper. For each question, four suggested answers are given. Choose
one correct answer and indicate it on the multiple-choice answer sheet provided.

Read the instructions on the multiple-choice answer sheet very carefully. Answer all questions. Marks
will not be deducted for wrong answers.

Arahan kepada calon:
JANGAN BUKA BUKU SOALAN INI SEHINGGA ANDA DIBENARKAN BERBUA'T
DEMIKIAN.

Ada lima puiuh soalan da l am kertas ini. Bagi setiap soalan, empat cadangan jawapan
diberikan. Pilih satu jawapan yang betul dan tandakan jawapan itu pada helaian jawapan aneka
pilihan yang dibekalkan.
Baca arahan pada helaian jawapan aneka pilihan itu dengan teliti.
Jawab semua soalan. Markah tidak akan ditolak bagi jawapan yang salah.

This question paper consists of 10 printed pages.
(Kertas soalan ini terdiri daripada 10 halaman bercetak.)

Percubaan Pahang STPM 2012
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http://fb.me/edu.joshuatly
2


Section A
Four suggested answers labelled A, B, C and D are given for each question. Choose one correct
answer.

1. and are isotopes of selenium. Which of the following properties is common for
both the isotopes?

A. Nuclear charge B. Nucleon number C. Stability D. Relative isotopic mass

2. Methanethiol, CH
3
SH undergoes combustion according to the equation shown below.

15 cm
3
of methanethiol was exploded with 60 cm
3
of oxygen. What would be the final volume(cm
3
)
of the gas mixture obtained at room temperature?

A. 15 B. 30 C. 45 D. 60

3. How many different orbitals are there in the 3s, 3p and 3d sub-shells respectively?

A. 1, 3, 5 B. 1, 4, 9 C. 2, 6, 10 D. 2, 8, 18

4. Under what conditions would a gas at low pressure behave more ideally?

A. Molecules at low temperature collide elastically.
B. Molecules at high temperature collide elastically.
C. Molecules at low temperature collide non-elastically.
D. Molecules at high temperature collide non-elastically.

5. Ice is the crystalline form of water. Which of the following statements is not true about ice?

A. Ice does not conduct electricity.
B. Ice has a giant covalent structure.
C. The bond angle of HOH in ice is 109.5
D. Ice has a lower density than water at 0C due to its open structure.

6. Compounds are either ionic or covalent. Which of the following statements is not true about
ionic bonding?

A. Ionic bonding forms solid compounds.
B. Ionic bonding involves ions wit stable electronic configurations.
C. Ionic bonding involves electron transfer from s, p and d-orbitals.
D. Ionic bondings strength is proportional to the ionic size of ions involved.

7. Which of the following statements is true about the Modern Periodic Table?

A. The arrangement of elements is based on the nucleon number.
B. There are 5 main blocks of elements.
C. There are 8 groups in the Periodic Table.
D. There are 7 periods in the Periodic Table.

CH
3
SH + 3O
2
CO
2
+ SO
2
+ 2H
2
O
3


8. The iodine and propanone reaction is catalysed by acids as shown in the equation below.

Which of the following statements about the reaction is correct if the rate equation is given by
rate = k [CH
3
COCH
3
][H
+
]?

A. The rate determining step does not include the hydrogen ion.
B. Product yield is independent of [I
2
].
C. The rate of reaction increases if the [I
2
] increases.
D. k remains constant although the [CH
3
COCH
3
], [H
+
] and [I
2
] are increased.

9. Which of the following is a correct statement about the effect of a catalyst?

A. It increases the equilibrium constant for the forward reaction.
B. It provides an alternative route for the reaction.
C. It increases the rate constant for the forward reaction only.
D. It increases the speed of the reactant particles.

10. The table below shows the values of the ionic product of water, K
w
at two temperatures.

Temperature/C K
w
/ mol
2
dm
-6

25
62

1.00 x 10
-14

1.00 x 10
-13

Which of the following statements is true about pure water?

A. At 62 C, pH < 7
B. At 62 C, pH < pOH
C. At 62 C, pH = 14 pOH
D. The ionic dissociation of water is an exothermic process.

11. A sealed flask with a capacity of 2.0 dm
3
contains 0.50 mol of SO
2
, 0.010 mol of O
2
and 4.6
mol of SO
3
at equilibrium. Calculate K
c
( dm
3
mol
-1
) for the following equilibrium at TC.

A. 5.9 x 10
-5
B. 9.2 x 10
2
C. 8.5 x 10
3
D. 1.7 x 10
4

12. Buffer solutions are an important component of biological systems. Calculate the pH of a buffer
solution formed by mixing 100 cm
3
of 0.050 mol dm
-3
ethanoic acid and 50 cm
3
of 0.20 mol dm
-3
of
sodium ethanoate.
[ K
a
of ethanoic acid is 1.7 x 10
-5
mol dm
-3
]

A. 4.1 B. 4.5 C. 5.1 D. 5.4

13. A current of 8A is passed for 100 minutes through molten aluminium oxide using inert
electrodes. What will be the approximate volume of gas liberated, measured at stp?
[ The Faraday constant is 9.65 x 10
5
Cmol
-1
, 1 mole of gas occupies 22.4 dm
3
at stp ]

A. 2.8 dm
3
B. 5.6 dm
3
C. 8.4 dm
3
D. 11.2 dm
3

CH
3
COCH
3
+ I
2
CH
2
ICOCH
3
+ HI
2SO
2
(g) + O
2
(g) 2SO
3
(g)
4


14. What is the standard enthalpy change of formation of hydrogen chloride (kJ mol
-1
) that can be
deduced from the following enthalpy changes shown below?

H
/kJ mol
-1

N
2
(g) + 3H
2
(g) 2NH
3
(g) 92

N
2
(g) + 4H
2
(g) + Cl
2
(g) 2NH
4
Cl

(s) 629

NH
3
(g) + HCl(g) NH
4
Cl(s) 176

A. 46.3 B. 92.5 C. 180 D. 361

15. In industry, limestone is used to make slaked lime. This preparation involves two stages.

Stage 1: Limestone decomposes at 1000C as follows:

CaCO
3
(s) CaO(s) + CO
2
(g) H
1

Stage 2: Calcium oxide is then treated with water:

CaCO
3
(s) CaO(s) + CO
2
(g) H
1

What are the enthalpy changes of these reactions?

H
1
H
2

A.
B. +
C. +
D. + +

16. Which statement about the following equilibrium given below is correct?

A. It is a redox reaction.
B. The solution remains yellow throughout the experiment.
C. A decrease in pH will result in the increase intensity of orange coloured solution.
D. The addition of a suitable catalyst will shift the equilibrium to the left.

17. Which of the following species has the most number of unpaired electrons?

A.
2
B. C.
+
D.

18. The vapour pressure of pure liquids P and Q at 30 are 48 kPa and 36 kPa respectively. The
total vapour pressure of a liquid mixture of P and Q containing 0.70 mole fraction of Q at 30 is
39.6 kPa.
Which of the following statements is true of the liquid mixture?

A. The vapour pressure of Q in the mixture at 30 is 10.8 kPa.
B. Fractional distillation of the mixture yields Q as the distillate.
C. The mixture shows a negative deviation from Raoults law.
D. P and Q have almost the same strength intermolecular forces.

2CrO
4
2

(aq) + 2H
+
(aq) Cr
2
O
7
2

(aq) + H
2
O(l)
5


Cu and Zn alloy Carbon

H
2
SO
4
1M

19. The circuit for an electrolysis experiment was set up as shown below.

What are the reactions at the electrodes?

Anode Cathode
A. Cu dissolves Cu deposited
B. Cu dissolves H
2
released
C. Cu and Zn dissolve Cu deposited
D. Zn dissolves H
2
released

20. Iron is used as a catalysed in the Haber process to prepare ammonia because the iron

A. has empty d-orbitals.
B. has a low activation energy.
C. has many valence electrons.
D. can change its oxidation state

21. Which of the following is a the strongest reducing agent?

A. Ba B. Ba
2+
C. Mg D. Mg
2+

22. An experiment was carried out to investigate the action of concentrated sulphuric acid and
phosphoric acid on sodium halides and the observations recorded as follows.

Concentrated acid NaCl NaI
Sulphuric acid white fumes purple vapour
Phosphoric acid white fumes white fumes

Which of the following statements can be deduced from the observations?

A. Concentrated phosphoric acid is a stronger oxidising agent than sulphuric acid.
B. Concentrated phosphoric acid is a weaker acid than sulphuric acid.
C. The reducing power of HI is stronger than HCl.
D. The bond energy of HI is greater than HCl.

23. A soluble salt sample contains two cations, one of which is Fe
2+
. The identity of the second
cation was determined by heating the solid salt with solid NaOH and a colourless gas was released.
The gas forms dense white fumes on contact with HCl gas. The residue is grey-green and is insoluble
in water.
The identities of the gas and residue are probably

Gas Residue
A. H
2
FeSO
4

B. CO
2
Fe(OH)
3

C. NH
3
Fe(OH)
2

D. SO
2
Fe
2
(SO
4
)
3
6


24. Which of the following elements has an oxide with a giant structure and a chloride that is
readily hydrolysed?

A. Barium B. carbon C. phosphorus D. silicon

25. The data below refers to calcium as an s-block element and copper as a d-block element.
Which of the following property is matched correctly?

Property Ca Cu
A. Density 1.54 8.92
B. Melting point 1083 810
C. Atomic radius 0.117 0.197
D. Electrical conductivity 85 9.6

26. In black and white photographic film, light converts silver chloride into metallic silver. After
the film has been developed, the unexposed silver chloride is removed by reaction with sodium
thiosulphate to produce a negative.

Which of the following statements is not true about the reaction?

A. S
2
O
3
2
ion acts as a ligand.
B. A complex ion is produced.
C. [Ag(S
2
O
3
)
2
]
3
ion is linear.
D. Ag undergoes a change in oxidation state.

27. P, Q, R, S are elements of Period 3 in the Periodic Table. The properties of their oxides are as follows.

( i ) Oxide of P is not soluble in both acid and water but dissolves in concentrated NaOH.
( ii ) Oxide of Q is soluble in both aqueous acid and alkali.
( iii ) Oxide of R is soluble in aqueous NaOH.
( iv ) Oxide of S dissolves readily in water to produce an alkaline solution.

Arrange P, Q, R and S in ascending proton number.

A. P, Q, R, S B. S, P, Q, R C. S, Q, P, R D. S, R, P, Q

28. Which of the following statements is true about the chlorides MgCl
2
, SiCl
4
and PCl
3
?

A. All are liquids at room temperature.
B. MgCl
2
is the only chloride with a giant structure.
C. All the chlorides are hydrolysed completely in water.
D. The oxidation states of chlorine in the chlorides are 2, 4 and 3 respectively.

29. Which of the following best explains the role of I
as a nucleophile?

A. It is a halide.
B. It is negatively charged.
C. It has lone pair electrons.
D. I is a electronegative atom.

30. Which sequence shows the compounds in the order of increasing acidity?

A. CH
3
COOH, CF
3
COOH, C
2
H
5
OH, C
6
H
5
OH C. CF
3
COOH, CH
3
COOH, C
6
H
5
OH, C
2
H
5
OH
B. C
2
H
5
OH, C
6
H
5
OH, CH
3
COOH, CF
3
COOH C. C
6
H
5
OH, C
2
H
5
OH, CH
3
COOH CF
3
COOH,

AgCl + 2S
2
O
3
2
Cl
+ [Ag(S
2
O
3
)
2
]
3
7


O
||
C CH
3
CH
3
COCl
AlCl
3
ClSO
3
H
I

CH
3
NH
3
CH
3

II
SOCl
2
SO
2
NH
2

CH
3
O

C H

C

O H

31. Benzene undergoes Friedel-Crafts acylation with ethanoyl chloride to form phenyl ethanoate as shown in
the following reaction.

Which of the following statements is not true about the mechanism.

A. AlCl
3
acts as a Lewis acid.
B. The overall order of reaction is 1.
C. The mechanism involves an electrophile.
D. It occurs at room temperature.

32. Saccharine can be manufactured from methylbenzene by a two step reaction as shown below.

CH
3

Steps I and II follows the following mechanism shown below.

I II
A. Nucleophilic substitution electrophilic substitution
B. Nucleophilic substitution nucleophilic addition
C. Electrophilic substitution electrophilic addition
D. Electrophilic substitution nucleophilic substitution

33. What are the expected observation obtained if the following compound

is warmed separately for 10 minutes with Fehlings and Tollens reagents?

Fehlings reagent Tollens reagent
A. Brick-red precipitate silver mirror
B. No precipitate silver mirror
C. Brick-red precipitate no silver mirror
D. No precipitate no silver mirror

34. Oxidation of an alkene, R produces a diol. On further oxidation, a diketone is formed.
R is probably

A. (C
6
H
5
)
2
C = CH
2
B. (CH
3
)
2
C = C(CH
3
)
2
C. C
6
H
5
CH = CHC
6
H
5
D. CH
3
CH = C(CH
3
)
2

35. Which reagent produces a colourless mixture when added to phenol?

A. Br
2
(aq) B. NaOH(aq) C. FeCl
3
(aq) D. Universal indicator

36. Which reagent does not react with propanamine?

A. HNO
2
B. NaOH C. CH
3
COCl D. CH
3
CH
2
Cl
8


37. When separate samples of R and S are respectively heated with concentrated ammonia and then
reacted with LiAlH
4
in dry ether, the same product is formed.
R and S are probably

R S
A. C
6
H
5
Br C
6
H
5
CN
B. CH
3
CH(Br)CH
3
CH
3
CH(CN)CH
3

C. CH
3
CH(Br)CH
3
CH
3
CH
2
CN
D. CH
3
CH
2
CH
2
Br CH
3
CH
2
CN

38. The repeating unit of a polymer is shown below.

Which of the following statements is not true of the polymer?

A. It can be vulcanised.
B. It is elastic.
C. It is stable to heat.
D. One of its monomers is CHCl

= C(CH
3
)CH = CHCl.

39. An ester W was refluxed with NaOH(aq) and the mixture distilled. The residue gave a white
solid on acidification and the distillate gives a positive triiodomethane test.
Which of the following substance is W?

A. CH
3
COOC
6
H
5

B. C
6
H
5
COOCH
3

C. C
6
H
5
COOCH
2
CH
3

D. C
6
H
5
COOCH
2
CH
2
CH
3

40. 2-aminoethanoic acid is not optically active. Which of the following compounds is formed not
because of the acid-base property of 2-aminoethanoic acid?

A. H
2
NCH
2
COONa
B. CH
2
OOCCH
2
NH
2

C. HOOCCH
2
NH
3
Cl
D. HOOCCH
2
NH
3
OOCCH
3

H Cl H CH
3
H H
| | | | | |
C C C C C C
| | |
H Cl Cl

9


Section B
For each of the questions in this section, one or more of the three numbered statements 1 to 3 may be
correct. The responses A to D should be selected based on the following.

A B C D
1 only
is correct
1 and 2 only
are correct
2 and 3 only
are correct
1, 2 and 3
are correct

41. Gas particle S has a proton number of n and a charge of +1. Gas particle T has a proton number
of ( n + 1 ) and is isoelectronic with S. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true about S and T?

1 S has a larger atomic size than T.
2 The ionisation energy of S is larger than T.
3 S releases more energy than Y when an electron is added to each particle.

42. A gas behave ideally and is described by the gas equation pV = nRT. Which of the following
statements is(are) correct about the gas?

1 One mole of any ideal gas occupies the same volume under the same temperature and
pressure.
2 The density of an ideal gas at constant pressure is inversely proportional to the temperature.
3 Intermolecular forces exists between particles of the gas.

43. Which of the following process have occurred in the following reaction?

1 Neutralisation
2 Formation of ionic bond
3 Formation of coordinate bond

44. A mixture of two oxides of Period 3 elements is added to water. The solution formed is almost
neutral. The oxides may be

1 Na
2
O and P
4
O
10

2 MgO and SiO
2

3 P
4
O
10
and SO
3

45. The charge density of Be
2+
ion is similar to Al
3+
ion. Which

of the following statements is/are
true?
1 BeO is basic
2 BeCl
2
is covalent.
3 Be(NO
3
)
2
(aq)

is acidic.

46. Which of the following properties decreases gradually from HCl to HBr to HI?

1 Thermal stability
2 Polarity of the HX bond
3 Boiling point

47. Which of the following reactions occur(s) in a catalytic converter?

1 2CO(g) + O
2
(g) 2CO(g)
2 2NO(g) + 2CO(g) N
2
(g) + 2CO
2
(g)
3 2C
8
H
18
(g) + 25O
2
(g) 16CO
2
(g) + 18H
2
O(g)
SO
3
+ H
2
O + 2NH
3
(NH
4
)
2
SO
4

10


COOH
|
HO CH
2
CH
|
HO NH
2

C
2
H
5
C
2
H
5

C = C

H H

A B C D
1 only
is correct
1 and 2 only
are correct
2 and 3 only
are correct
1, 2 and 3
are correct

48. The structure of dopamine is shown below.

Which of the following statements is(are) correct about dopamine?

1 1 mole of dopamine reacts with 1 mole of HCl(aq).
2 1 mole of dopamine reacts with 3 moles of Br
2
(aq).
3 1 mole of dopamine reacts with 3 moles of Na
2
CO
3
(aq).

49. Which of the following statements is(are) true about the amino acid serine with the structure
shown below?

1 Nitrogen gas is released when HNO
2
solution is added to serine.
2 NH
3
gas is released when serine reacts with NaOH solution.
3 The repeating unit of the polypeptide of serine has the structure shown below.

50. Which of the following compound(s) does not have geometrical isomers?

1 2 3

H
|
H
2
N C COOH
|
CH
2
OH
H O
| ||
OCH
2
C C
|
NH
2
n
CH
3
C
2
H
5

C = C

H C
2
H
5
H

C
2
H
5

C = C

C
2
H
5
CH
3

1

Identity card number ................................................ Centre number/index number: ...........................
(Nombor kad pengenalan) (Nombor pusat/angka giliran)

962/2

TRIAL STPM 2012
(PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN 2012)

CHEMISTRY (KIMIA)

PAPER 2 (KERTAS 2)

Two and a half hours (Dua jam setengah)

For examiners use

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Total

This question paper consists of 11 printed pages.

Instructions to candidates:
DO NOT OPEN THIS QUESTION PAPER UNTIL
YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.

Answer all questions in section A.Write your answers in the
spaces provided.All working should be shown.For numerical
answers,units should be quoted wherever they are appropriate.

Answer any four questions in section B.Write your answers
on the answer sheets provided.Begin each answer on a fresh
sheet of paper and arrange your answers in numerical order.Tie
your answer sheets to this question paper.

2

Section A
Answer all question in this section.

1. (a) The rate equation for a reaction between substances C and D is:
rate = k[C]
2
[D]
2

The initial rate is found to be 7.5 10
3
mol dm
3
s
1
when the initial
concentration of C is of 0.25 mol dm
3
and the initial concentration of D is 0.50
mol dm
3
.
(i) Calculate the value of the rate constant, k, at this temperature and deduce its
units.
Calculation

Units

..................................................................................................................

(ii) On the axes below sketch a graph to show how the value of k varies as
temperature is increased over a considerable range.

(4 marks)
Rate
constant
k
Temperature

3

(b) The table give data on some solubilities and solubility products. Some of the data
entries are missing.[C=12, O=16, Cl=35.5, Ca=40, Ag=108]

(i) Fill in the missing data in the table:

Compound Ksp, mol
2
dm
-6
Solubility, mol dm
-3
Solubility, g dm
-3

AgI

8.30 x 10
-17

9.11 x 10
-9

2.14 x 10
-6

AgCl

1.8 x 10
-10

CaCO
3

0.03

[4 marks]

(ii) Fill in the table below, state and explain what will happen to the solubility
products of the silver chloride if the salts mentioned are dissolved in a
saturated solution of silver chloride.(Give the effect on the solubility as
increase, decrease or no change).

Salt Sodium nitrate Sodium chloride

Effect

Explanation

[2 marks]


4

2. Use the data below, where appropriate, to answer the questions which follow.
Standard electrode potentials E /V
2H
+
(aq) + 2e
H
2
(g)
0.00
Br
2
(aq) + 2e
2Br
(aq)
+1.09
(aq) + 12H
+
(aq) + 10e
Br
2
(aq) + 6H
2
O(l)
+1.52

Each of the above can be reversed under suitable conditions.

(a) State the hydrogen ion concentration and the hydrogen gas pressure when, at 298
K, the potential of the hydrogen electrode is 0.00 V.

Hydrogen ion concentration ......................................................................................

Hydrogen gas pressure ..............................................................................................
[2 marks]

(b) The electrode potential of a hydrogen electrode changes when the hydrogen ion
concentration is reduced. Explain, using Le Chateliers principle, why this change
occurs and state how the electrode potential of the hydrogen electrode changes.

Explanation of change

...............................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

Change in electrode potential

....................................................................................
(3)

3
2BrO

5

(c) A diagram of a cell using platinum electrodes X and Y is shown below.

(i) Use the data above to calculate the e.m.f. of the above cell under standard
conditions.

(ii) Write a half-equation for the reaction occurring at electrode X and an
overall equation for the cell reaction which occurs when electrodes X and Y
are connected.

Half-equation

....................................................................................................

Overall equation

..........................................................................................................................
(iii) Write down the cell diagram to represent the overall reaction in the cell.

..............................................................................................................
[5 marks]
(Total 10 marks)

V
Salt Bridge
X Y
Solution containing
Br (aq) and Br (aq)
Solution containing BrO (aq),
H (aq) and Br (aq)
+
2 2
3

6

3. (a) The tetrachlorides of Group 14 elements, example CCl
4 ,
SiCl
4 ,
GeCl
4
, SnCl
4
and
PbCl
4
are liquids at room temperature. All the tetrachlorides, with the exception of
CCl
4
, are hydrolysed in aqueous solution to form acidic solutions.

(i) State the molecular shape of all the Group 14 tetrachlorides.

..........................................................................................................................................

(ii) Write a balanced equation for the hydrolysis of SiCl
4
.

.........................................................................................................................................

(iii) Explain why CCl
4
docs not undergo hydrolysis.

..........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................
[4 marks]

(b) Aqueous aluminium sulphate contains [Al(H
2
O)
6
]
3+
Aqueous ammonia is added to
aqueous aluminium sul phate until in excess. The reaction that occurs in limited aqueous
ammonia is as follows.
[Al(H
2
O)
6
]
3+
(aq) + 3 OH
-
(aq) Al(H
2
O)
3
(OH)
3
(s) + 3 H
2
O (l)

(i) Describe one observation in the above reaction.

........................................................................................................................................

(ii) What chemical nature of the aluminium ion is shown in (b) (i)?

........................................................................................................................................

(iii) What happens when excess aqueous ammonia is added to the solution? Write an
equation for the reaction involved.

.......................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................

(iv) What chemical nature of the aluminium ion is shown in (b) (iii) ?

.......................................................................................................................................
[6 marks]


7

4. (a) Ethylamine C
2
H
5
NH
2
is a foul smelling liquid that reacts with dilute hydrochloric
acid at room temperature.

(i) Write a balanced equation for the reaction between ethylamine and dilute
hydrochloric acid.

...............................................................................................................................

(ii) Name the type of reaction taking place between ethylamine and dilute
hydrochloric acid.

...............................................................................................................................

(iii) State two observable changes for the reaction between ethylamine and dilute
hydrochloric acid.

...............................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................
[4 marks]

(b) State the reagents and write balanced equations for the preparation of ethylamine
from the following compounds.
(i) CH
3
CH
2
Br

...............................................................................................................................
(ii) CH
3
CN

..............................................................................................................................
[4 marks]

(c) Aspirin has the following structure.

Give the products formed when aspirin is heated with aqueous potassium hydroxide
solution.


8

........................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
Section B
Answer any four (4) questions in this section.

5. (a) Draw sketch graphs of
a. P against V
b. P against 1/V
c. PV againsr P
d. PV against V
for a constant number of moles of an ideal gas at a constant temperature.
[4 marks]

(b) Plot on separate sketch graphs,
(i) V against T (C)
(ii) V against T (K)
for a constant number of moles of an ideal gas at constant pressure. [2 marks]

(c) 0.50 g of volatile liquid was introduced into a globe of 1000 cm
3
capacity. The
globe was heated to 91C so that all the liquid vaporized. Under these conditions
the vapour pressure exerted a pressure of 0.25 atm. What is the relative molecular
mass of the liquid ? [R =8.31 or 0.0821] [3 marks]

(d) A balloon can hold 1000 cm
3
of air before bursting. The balloon contains 975 cm
3

of air at 5C. Will it burst if it is taken into a house at 29C ? Assume the pressure of
the gas in the balloon remain constant. [3 marks]

(e) Knowing that the density of ice is less than that of water , explain why the slope
of the solid-liquid equilibrium line in the phase diagram of water is in accord with Le
Chatelier Principle. [3 marks]


9

6. Interpret each of the following observations as fully as you can.

(a) The first ionisaion energy of nitrogen is higher than that of either of the
elements immediately preceding or following it in the Periodic Table. [3 marks]

(b) The boiling point of ammonia, NH
3
(-33C) is higher than that of phosphine,
PH
3
(-87C) [3 marks]

(c) The bond energy of the nitrogen-nitrogen bond in the nitrogen molecule is 944 kJ
mol
-1
whereas the bond energy of the carbon-oxygen in carbon monoxide molecule which
is isoelectronic with nitrogen is 1074 kJ mol
-1
. [3 marks]

(d) the equilibrium constant Kc, for the reaction
N
2
(g) + 3H
2
(g) < = > 2NH
3
(g)
decreases as the temperature rises whereas Kc for the reaction
N
2
(g) + O
2
(g) < = > 2NO(g)
increases as the temperature rises. [2 marks]

(e) A solution containing NH
3
(aq) and NH
4
Cl(aq) acts as buffer solution, resisting
changes in pH when acids or alkalis are added.
Explain the help of equations how this mixture acts as a buffer. [4 marks]

7 (a) The oxides of the Period 3 elements include the following:
Al
3
O
3
; SiO
2
; P
4
O
6.

(i) The melting points of Al
3
O
3
, SiO
2
and P
4
O
6
are 2040C, 1610C and
24C respectively. Explain the differences in their melting points in terms
of structure and bonding. [6 marks]

(ii) Describe the solubilities of the oxides in water and write balanced
equations for the reaction of the oxides (if any) with water. [4 marks]

(b) [CrCl
2
(C
2
O
4
)
2
]
3-
is a complex ion.
(i) Draw all the structural formulae of the isomers of this complex ion
[3 marks]
(ii) State the types of isomerism exhibited by the isomers [2 marks]


10

8 (a) Platinum (II) forms square planar complexes such as [Pt(NH
3
)
2
Cl
2
] where as
platinum (IV) forms octahedral complexes such as [Pt (NH
3
)
4
CIBr]
2+
.

(i) Explain what is meant by '"'complex Ion'"'. [2 marks]

(ii) Give the IUPAC name for [Pt(NH
3
)
2
Cl
2
] and [Pt (NH
3
)
4
CIBr]
2+
. [2 marks]

(iii) Both these complexes exhibit geometrical isomerism. Draw the trans
isomer for both of them. [2 marks]

(b) A neutral compound H, has the empirical formula, Co(Cl)
x
(NH3)
y
. The
percentage by mass of cobalt, nitrogen and hydrogen in the complex is as
follows: Co, 23.52%; N, 28.00%; CI, 42.53%.
When an aqueous solution containing 12.52 g H is reacted with excess AgNO
3

solution, 14.35 g of silver chloride is precipitated. Deduce the structural
formula of the complex. Explain if you expect H to be coloured. [9 marks]

9. (a) (i) Write the mechanism of the reaction when 1-chloropropane is refluxed with
aqueous sodium hydroxide. Name of the type of reaction involved
[3 marks]

(ii) State and explain how the rate of this reaction changes when 1-chloropropane
is replaced by 1-bromopropane. [3 marks]

(iii) Write equations to show how you would change 1-chloropropane to
2-chloropropane [5 marks]

(b) The amino acids alanine and serine are shown below.

(i) Draw the structures of the two dipeptides formed by the reaction of alanine
with serine.

(ii) Name one of the dipeptides formed in b(i).

(iii) Draw the structure of the organic compound formed when one molecule
of serine reacts with two molecules of ethanoyl chloride. [4 marks]


11

10. (a) (i) Write the mechanism of the reaction when 1-chloropropane is refluxed with
aqueous sodium hydroxide. Name of the type of reaction involved
[3 marks]

(ii) State and explain how the rate of this reaction changes when 1-chloropropane
is replaced by 1-bromopropane. [3 marks]

(iii) Write equations to show how you would change 1-chloropropane to
2-chloropropane [5 marks]

(b) The amino acids alanine and serine are shown below.

(i) Draw the structures of the two dipeptides formed by the reaction of alanine
with serine.

(ii) Name one of the dipeptides formed in b(i).

(iii) Draw the structure of the organic compound formed when one molecule
of serine reacts with two molecules of ethanoyl chloride. [4 marks]


12

Trial STPM 2012
Chemistry Paper 1
962/1
Answers

No. Answer No. Answer
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

A
C
A
B
B
D
D
D
B
A
D
C
A
B
C
C
B
D
D
A
A
C
C
D
A
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
D
C
B
C
B
B
D
B
C
B
B
D
C
C
B
A
B
D
A
C
B
D
B
A
A


1

Pahang STPM trial Mark scheme
Section A

1. (a)(i) Order with respect to A 1 [1]
Order with respect to B 1 [1]
(c) (i) Calculation k= (1) = 0.48 [1]
Units = mol
3
dm
9
s
1
[1]
(ii)
(
(b) (i)
Compound Ksp, mol
2
dm
-6
Solubility, mol dm
-3
Solubility, g dm
-3

AgI

8.30 x 10
-17

9.11 x 10
-9

2.14 x 10
-6

AgCl

1.8 x 10
-10

1.34 x 10
-5

1.93 x 10
-3

CaCO
3

9 x 10
-8

3.00 x 10
-4

0.03
[4]
(ii)
Salt Sodium nitrate Sodium chloride
Effect No effect Decrease

explanation No common ion Common ion effect

2 2
3
) 50 . 0 ( ) 25 . 0 (
10 5 . 7
2 3 2 3
1 3
) dm (mol ) dm (mol
s dm mol
(1)
Rate
constant,
k
Temperature

2

2. (a) Hydrogen ion concentration: 1.00 mol dm
3
(1)
Hydrogen gas pressure: 100 kPa or 1.0 atm (1)
(b) Explanation of change: Equilibrium displaced to left (1)
to reduce constraint (1)
Change in electrode potential: Becomes negative or decreases (1)
allow more negative
(c) (i) 0.43V (1)
(ii) Half-equation: 2Br
Br
2
+ 2e
(1)
Overall equation: 2BrO
3
+ 10Br
+ 12H
+
-> 6Br
2
+ 6H
2
O (2)
or BrO
3
+ 5Br
+ 6H
+
3Br
2
+ 3H
2
O
species (1) and balanced (1)

(iii) Pt | Br
, Br
2
|| BrO
3
, Br
2
, H
+
| Pt
[10]

3 (a) (i) Tetrahedral .... 1
(ii) SiCl
4
+ 2 H
2
O -----> SiO
2
+ 4 HCl .....1
(iii) has the electronic configuration of 1s
2
2s
2
2p
2
. .....1
does not have empty d orbitals, cannot ex pand its valence shell. .....1
OR cannot fonn the intermediate coordinate bond with the water molecule
[4]

(b) (i) A white prec ipitate is formed . .....1
(ii) Acidic in nature . .....1
(iii) The white precipitate is soluble in excess aqueous ammonia . .....1
and form a colourless solut ion .....1
Al(H
2
O)
3
(OH)
3
+ OH
-
[Al(H
2
O)
2
(OH)
4
]
-
+ H
2
O .....1
(iv) Acidic in nature . .....1
. [6] .
. 10 .

4 (a) (i) C
2
H
5
NH
2
+ HCl C
2
H
5
NH
3
+
Cl
-
......1
(ii) Neutralisation ......1
(iii) The fishy smell of ethylamine disappears ......1
Temperature of mixture rises .....1

(b) (i)
..1+1
(ii)

3

..1+1
(c)

..1+1

4. (a) (i) P (ii) p

V 1/V

(iii) P (iv) PV

P V

[4]

(b) (i) V (ii) V

T, c T, K
[2]

(b) PV = nRT, PV = (m/M)RT

0.25 X 1 = (0.5/M) x 0.082 x 364

= 60
(d) V
1
V
2
V
1
975
---- = ---- => ----------- = -----------
T
1
T
2
273 + 29 273 + 5
10

4

V
1
= > 1000
The balloon will burst.

(e) H
2
O(l) < ===== > H
2
O(g)

As pressure increases at constant temperature, this equilibrium shifts to the
liquid phase --- the more dense phase. Thus a movement straight up on the phase
diagram, increasing the pressure at constant temperature causes melting as one
crossees the solid liquid equilibrium line.

Question 6
(a) Ionisation energy o nitrogen is expected to be higher than the elements preceding it
because across the period, affective charge increase (nuclear charge increases, atomic
size decreases) with similar screening effect. [1]
The element following nitrogen has the following electronic configuration :

1s
2
2s
2
2p
4

[1]
The electrons in the 2p-orbital experience electronic repulsion and this makes its
removal easier. Hence, it has a lower ionization energy than nitrogen, [1]

(b) Although phosphine has a larger molecular size than ammonia and hence stronger van
der Waals forces, [1]
it is not capable of intermolecular hydrogen bonding. [1]
On the other hand, due to the high electronegativity of nitrogen and is small size, the
N-H is greatly polarized and hydrogen bonds exist between the ammonia molecules.
More energy required to break the intermolecular hydrogen bond and hence ammonia
has a higher boiling point. [1]

(c) The bond energies of the 2 isoelectronic systems are very endothermic and are similar
to one another. This is due to the strong tripple bonds between the atoms (NN and
CO). [1]
However, the bond in carbon monoxide is slightly more polar (oxygen is more
electronegative than carbon) and this makes the bond even stronger. Hence, its bond
energy is more endothermic than that of nitrogen. [2]

(d) The synthesis of ammonia is exothermic. Therefore, increasing temperature sifts the
equilibrium position to theleft. Hence, Kc decrease. [1]

However, the formation of nitrogen monoxide is endothermic, increasing temperature
shifts the equilibrium position to the right, Kc increase. [1]

(e) On addition of a small amount of acid, NH
3
reacts with the H
+
added so that [H
+
]
remains approximately constant and pH is maintained. [1]
NH
3
+ H
+
---- > NH
4
+
[1]

5

On addition of a small amount of base, NH
4
+
reacts with the OH
-
added so that [OH
-
]
remains approximately constant and pH is maintained. [1]
NH
4
+
+ OH
-
----- > NH
3
+ H
2
O [1]
The large reservoir of NH
3
and NH
4
+
in the buffer sufficientlycopes with the addition
of the acid and the base.
Total : 15 marks

7 (a) (i)
Al
2
O
3
SiO
2
P
4
O
6
Structure Giant ionic Giant covalent Simple molecule
Bonding Ionic Covalent Weak van der
Waals between
molecules
.....1x6

(ii) Al
2
O
3
insoluble in water .........1
SiO
2
insoluble in water .........1
P
4
O
6
dissolves in water to form acidic solution .........1
P
4
O
6
+ 6H
2
O 4 H
3
PO
3
.........1

(b) (i)

Cis isomer [arrow heads not required]

Trans isomer Enantiomer of trans isomer ...1x3


6

(ii) Geometric isomerism
Optical isomerism ... 1x2

15

7

9 (a) (i)

...1x2
Bimolecular nucleophilic substitution .......1

(ii) rate increases ........1
atomic size of bromine > chlorine
C-Br bond is weaker and easier to break .......1
(iii)

..1x4
(b) (i)

..1x2

(ii) serylalanine or alanylserine ......1
(iii)

8

.......1

10. (a) CH
3
-CH=CH-CH
3
....1x2

(b) (i) A: CH
3
CH
2
Cl B : CH
3
CH
2
OH
C : CH
2
=CH
2
D : CH
2
Br- CH
2
Br
E : CH
2
OH CH
2
OH ....1x5

(ii) ethanolic KOH ........1
(iii) monomer for polyester ........1

(c) [Suggested answers]
(i) - heat with ethanolic silver nitrate
1-iodohexane : yellow precipitate of AgI
1- chlorohexane : white precipitate of AgCl .......1+1

(ii) - heat with ethanolic silver nitrate
Chlorocyclohexane : white precipitate
Chlorobenzene : no precipitate .......1+1

(iii) - add acidified KMnO4
1- chloro-1- butane : decolourisation of KMnO4
1- chlorobutane : KMnO4 solution is not decolourised. ........1+1

15
15

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Trial STPM 962/1 [Turn over (Lihat sebelah)

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