General Achievement Test

Friday 13 June 2008

Reading time: 10.00 am to 10.15 am (15 minutes)
Writing time: 10.15 am to 1.15 pm (3 hours)
QUESTION BOOK
Structure of book
Type of
questions
Number of questions
to be answered
Suggested times
(minutes)
Suggested time
allocation
Writing Task 1 1 30 10.15 10.45
Writing Task 2 1 30 10.45 11.15
Multiple-choice questions 70 120 11.15 1.15
Students are permitted to bring into the examination room: pens, pencils, highlighters, erasers,
sharpeners, rulers, and an English and/or bilingual dictionary.
Students are NOT permitted to bring into the examination room: blank sheets of paper and/or white
out liquid/tape.
No calculator is allowed in this examination.
Materials supplied
Question book of 36 pages.
Answer book for both Writing Task 1 and Writing Task 2.
Answer page for multiple-choice questions on page 15 of the answer book.
Instructions
Write your student number and student name on the answer book.
Write your student name on the answer page for multiple-choice questions on page 15 of the answer
book.
Follow the times suggested for each task.
You may complete tasks in any order and you may return to any task at any time.
Do not waste time on one particular multiple-choice question. If you nd a question very difcult,
return to it later.
Answer all questions.
All written responses must be in English.
At the end of the test
You may keep this question book.
Students are NOT permitted to bring mobile phones and/or any other unauthorised electronic
devices into the examination room.
VICTORIAN CURRICULUM AND ASSESSMENT AUTHORITY 2008
Victorian Certicate of Education
2008
WRITING TASK 1 To be answered in the answer book in pen, not pencil.
You are advised to allocate 30 minutes to this task.
Consider the information on these two pages.
Develop a piece of writing presenting the main information in the material. You
should not present an argument.
Your piece will be judged on:
how well you organise and present your understanding oI the material,
your ability to communicate the inIormation eIIectively, and
how clearly you express yourselI.
Diagram of a Kimberlite pipe showing how
molten lava pushes diamonds towards the
surface where mining can occur.
Estimated age of
diamonds here:
1.03.3 billion years.
Diamond Production 2005
COUNTRY MASS VALUE
CARATS % RANK $ MILLION RANK
Australia 31 000 000 22.1 1 400 8
Botswana 30 412 155 21.7 2 2 300 1
DRC 25 000 000 17.9 3 600 6
Russia 19 000 000 13.6 4 1 640 2
South Africa 12 800 000 9.1 5 950 4
Canada 11 200 000 8.0 6 1 300 3
Angola 5 500 000 3.9 7 900 5
Namibia 1 460 000 1.0 8 450 7
Ghana 950 000 0.7 9 25 13
Brazil 750 000 0.5 10 70 10
Guinea 400 000 0.3 11 75 9
Central African Republic 350 000 0.3 12 55 12
Sierra Leone 300 000 0.2 13 70 11
Tanzania 166 263 0.1 14 20 14
China 150 000 0.1 15 15 15
From: Diamonds are a girls best friend
A kiss on the hand may be quite continental
But diamonds are a girls best friend.
A kiss may be grand but it won`t pay the rental
On your humble fat, or help you at the automat.
Men grow cold as girls grow old
And we all lose our charms in the end.
But square-cut or pear-shaped
These rocks dont lose their shape.
Diamonds are a girls best friend.
Music by Jules Styne; lyrics by Leo Robin
CUT DIAMOND
Pavilion
Girdle
Crown
Table
Reflected
light
UNCUT DIAMOND
0.5 km
1.0 km
1.5 km
2.0 km
2.5 km
150 km
200 km
Diamond mine
on earths surface
Pressure and heat
transform carbon into
diamond (30 kilobars
at 400 C). Its structure
makes diamond the hardest
mineral on Earth.
Precision
grinding
Automobilo
and
aoroplano
parts
Elootrioal
radio and
soiontiio
instrumont
oompononts
To produce
high grade
finishes on
Hardness
To control
quality of
Hign spood
stool tools
Anti-riotion
boarings
Goars
Pailway
ongino
oompononts
Wire
drawing
To make
Elootrio
oablos
Motal
olotn
Lamp
ilamonts
Elootrio
motor
windings
Rock drilling
To aid
Minoral
prospooting
Oil woll
boring
Quarrying
Struoturo
tosting o
buildings
Boart*
To aid cutting and
production of
Hard motals
and tools
Waton and
olook parts
Glass
Optioal
lonsos
Coramios
Stono
Conoroto
Status
symbol
To represent
power, privilege
and position
'Diamond' rom
Grook word 'adamas'
moaning 'invinoiblo'
Famous ndian
Kon-i-Noor
diamond (106 oarats)
now in Britisn
orown |owols
Jewellery
To use as
ornamentation
Diamonds |udgod
on tno '4 Cs':
Cut: givos boauty
and brillianoo
Clarity: gradod
rom 'lawloss' to
'imporoot'
Colour: 'oolour'
snould approaon
oolourlossnoss
Carats: diamond
woignt: 1 oarat =
gram
Business
To trade
for financial
profit
Markotod
noavily by
largo storos
suon as
Tiany's
Advortising
slogans usod
suon as
'A diamond
is orovor'
Social Industrial
Diamond Uses
*Boart: bottom-grado diamonds orusnod
to a powdor and usod as an abrasivo
1
5
Page from 1920s magazine
4
GAT 2008
WRITING TASK 2 To be answered in the answer book in pen, not pencil.
You are advised to allocate 30 minutes to this task.
Consider the statements below.
Based on one or more of the statements, develop a piece of writing presenting your point of view.
Your piece of writing will be judged on:
the extent to which you develop your point of view in a reasonable and convincing way,
and
how effectively you express yourself.
Heroes save lives, show great courage, and
reach the heights of achievement in many
elds. We need heroes in our society. They
deserve to be recognised.
Even the nest heroes are only human. It is
wrong to expect our heroes to be perfect.
They can never live up to the quite unreal
expectations we place on them.
The greatest heroes are often ordinary
everyday people who have found themselves
in extraordinary circumstances. They ght
res, help the homeless, rescue the injured;
but they usually go unacknowledged.
We tend to make heroes of the wrong people.
Most of our heroes are sportsmen or soldiers.
There are not enough female heroes, and few
heroes in areas such as art and music.
5
GAT 2008
MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS
Answer this section in the GAT ANSWER BOOK.
Mark your answers on the Multiple-Choice Answer Page.
You are advised to allocate 2 hours to this task.
Choose the response that is correct, or that best answers the question,
and shade the square on the answer page for multiple-choice questions
according to the instructions on that page.
A correct answer is worth 1 mark, an incorrect answer is worth 0 marks.
No marks will be given if more than one answer is shown for any question.
Marks will not be deducted for incorrect answers.
6
GAT 2008
UNIT 1
Question 1
1 The point of this cartoon is that
A people are easily distracted by unimportant things.
B it is impossible to predict what people will nd interesting.
C people are more interested in art of the present than of the past.
D people are more fascinated by their conicts than their creations.
7
GAT 2008
UNIT 2
Question 2
2 The birthday card below was made from one sheet of paper folded into four.
Hoping That Your
Birthday W
ill Be
Filled W
ith M
agic
Which of the following correctly shows the arrangement of the words on the
unfolded card?
Hoping That Your
Birthday Will Be
Filled With Magic
Hoping That Your
Birthday Will Be
Filled With Magic
H o p i n g T h a t Y o u r
B i r t h d a y W i l l B e
F i l l e d W i t h M a g i c
Hoping That Your
Birthday Will Be
Filled With Magic
A B C D
8
GAT 2008
UNIT 3
Questions 3 6
This diagram represents patients, treated at a medical clinic during one week, who have chronic
airway disorders such as asthma, bronchitis, emphysema and other airway disorders.
asthma
emphysema
bronchitis
P
Q
S
T
U V
W
X
3 A patient who does not have asthma or bronchitis or emphysema would be represented in
region
X A .
Q B .
T C .
V D .
4 A patient who has asthma may be represented in region
P A but not S or T.
U B but not Q or S.
Q C but not T or W.
T D but not V or W.
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GAT 2008
Questions 5 and 6 refer to the following additional information.
During the week the clinic treats 20 patients for asthma, 20 for emphysema, 17 for bronchitis and
one for a different airway disorder.

Five are treated for both asthma and bronchitis but not emphysema.

Six are treated for bronchitis and emphysema but not asthma.

Three are treated for asthma and emphysema but not bronchitis.

At least one is treated for all three of asthma, bronchitis and emphysema.
5 Of the patients who had asthma, bronchitis or emphysema, how many were treated for
exactly two diseases?
A sixteen C eleven
B fourteen D nine
6 The clinic treats a total of 40 patients.
Of the patients who had asthma, how many also have both bronchitis and emphysema?
A two C four
B three D ve
UNIT 4
Questions 7 9
P, Q, R and S represent positive numbers and
P
Q
=
R

S
.
7 If P = 3, Q = 6 and R = 4, which one of the following is true?
A S = 2 C S = 7
B S = 5 D S = 8
8 If P = 2R and R = 6S, which one of the following is true?
A P = 3S C P = 8S
B P = 4S D P = 12S
9 Which one of the following is true?
A Q =
PS
R
C Q =
PR
S
B Q =
R
PS
D Q =
S
PR
10
GAT 2008
UNIT 5
Questions 10 13
These diagrams are from an internet site discussing social and environmental processes.
POPULATION
IN EQUILIBRIUM
THE
POPULATION
INCREASES
THE
POPULATION
DIMINISHES
SURPLUS
OF FOOD
RAPID
REPRODUCTION
THE
POPULATION
INCREASES
SHORTAGE
OF FOOD
INDIVIDUALS
DIE
THE
POPULATION
DIMINISHES
EQUILIBRIUM
REESTABLISHED
BEGIN
HERE
Figure 1: How balance is maintained in animal populations.
SUPPLY
GREATER
THAN
DEMAND
ENTREPRENEURS
INCREASE
PRODUCTION
PRICES
RISE
SCARCITY
OF GOODS AND
SERVICES
PRICE
MARKET
FOR GOODS
AND
SERVICES
EQUILIBRIUM
REESTABLISHED
DEMAND
EXCEEDS
SUPPLY
SUPPLY
EXCEEDS
DEMAND
EXCESS
OF GOODS AND
SERVICES
PRICES
FALL
DEMAND
GREATER
THAN
SUPPLY
ENTREPRENEURS
REDUCE
PRODUCTION
IN
V
E
S
T
M
E
N
T
C
A
P
IT
A
L
M
A
R
K
E
T
H
IR
IN
G
E
M
P
L
O
Y
M
E
N
T
M
A
R
K
E
T
C
A
P
I
T
A
L
M
A
R
K
E
T
E
M
P
L
O
Y
M
E
N
T
M
A
R
K
E
T
SUPPLY
DEMAND
Figure 2: How balance is maintained in economic market forces.
11
GAT 2008
10 Figure 1 suggests that population change in either direction causes
irreversible damage to population numbers. A
a consequential change in another variable. B
a simultaneous change in all potential variables. C
an inevitable increase in overall population numbers. D
11 Which one of the following is demonstrated by Figure 1?
In nature
periods of abundance and shortage are transitory. A
periods of abundance and shortage are permanent. B
all changes in population sizes have known causes. C
periods of abundance last longer than periods of shortage. D
12 Which of the following terms from Figure 2 best matches population increases in
Figure 1?
prices fall A
prices rise B
demand exceeds supply C
entrepreneurs increase production D
13 Figure 1 and Figure 2 suggest that ecological processes and economic processes are
sustained by a type of
self-correction. A
outside inuence. B
static inexibility. C
arbitrary variation. D
12
GAT 2008
UNIT 6
Questions 14 16
The gure shows average pool temperatures for October to March, with and without a pool cover,
for New South Wales (NSW), Queensland (Qld) and Victoria (Vic).
Qld
NSW
Vic
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar
P
o
o
l

t
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e

(

C
)
with cover
without cover
Qld
NSW
Vic
Answer Questions 14 16 with respect to the average temperatures for the six months referred to in
the gure.
14 Suppose 22 C is regarded as the minimum temperature for comfortable pool use.
What is the difference between the useable swimming periods for Qld and Vic without a
cover?
three months A
four months B
ve months C
six months D
15 For which of the following periods is there the smallest range of average pool temperature?
1 October to 31 March in Qld with a cover A
1 November to 28 February in NSW with a cover B
1 November to 28 February in NSW without a cover C
1 December to 31 March in Qld without a cover D
16 For how many of the six months is a pool in Qld without a cover warmer, on average, than
a pool in NSW with a cover?
zero A
two B
four C
six D
13
GAT 2008
UNIT 7
Questions 17 19
Figures of speech are unusual uses of language that aim to create an effect.
The following are some examples of gures of speech.
Antithesis contradictory or contrasting ideas
e.g. The dream turned to nightmare as victory turned to
defeat.
Hyperbole deliberate overstatement
e.g. The team was crushed by the defeat.
Litotes deliberate understatement
e.g. She was not a little upset.
Paradox a seemingly self-contradictory statement but has a kind of truth
e.g. The silence was deafening.
17 The following statement:
They were chalk and cheese.
is best described as
A Antithesis. C Litotes.
B Hyperbole. D Paradox.
18 The following statement:
I can think of a million reasons for refusing your request.
is best described as
A Antithesis. C Litotes.
B Hyperbole. D Paradox.
19 The following statement:
You nd your life by losing it.
is best described as
A Antithesis. C Litotes.
B Hyperbole. D Paradox.
14
GAT 2008
UNIT 8
Questions 20 23
The following passage is taken from a novel set in Cairo, the capital city of Egypt,
in the early 1900s. It concerns Khadifa and her beautiful younger sister Aisha.
It was natural that Khadifa should grasp the differences between her and her
sister. Neither Khadifas extraordinary prociency in running the house and doing
embroidery or her indefatigable
1
vigor, which never dimmed or dulled, gained her
anything. On the whole, Khadifa felt a jealousy toward Aisha she did not bother to
hide, thereby causing the beautiful girl to be upset with her frequently. Fortunately,
this natural jealousy did not leave any negative residue deep in her soul. She was
content to vent it through the sarcastic sauciness of her tongue. Moreover, she was
a girl who, despite the handicaps nature had given her, had a heart full of affection
for her family, even though she did not spare them her bitter mockery. Regardless
of how long her jealousy lasted, it did not warp her disposition or become hatred or
loathing.
Although her sarcasm was humorous when aimed at a member of her family,
she was a scold of the rst degree with regard to their neighbours and acquaintances.
Her eyes, like the needle of a compass always attracted to the magnetic pole, lit
rst on peoples imperfections. If their shortcomings were cloaked, she contrived to
uncover and enlarge them. Then she applied epithets
2
to her victims to match their
defects. They were usually known by these in the family circle.
1
indefatigable: sustained and untiring
2
epithets: a descriptive word or phrase that becomes xed
5
10
15

20 The narrator implies that Khadifas jealousy is
A inevitable.
B excessive.
C avoidable.
D regrettable.
21 Within the context of the passage, Khadifas sarcastic sauciness (line 7) is best
described as
A a release.
B a warning.
C a symptom of intelligence.
D an indication of her loathing for Aisha.
15
GAT 2008
22 Of the epithets (line 16) that Khadifa applies to her victims, the narrator notes that,
within the family, these victims were then usually known (line 17) by these epithets.
This suggests that the family
A resented outsiders.
B was afraid of annoying Khadifa.
C saw Khadifas epithets as broadly accurate.
D was trying to atter Khadifa by agreeing with her.
23 Overall, Khadifa is portrayed as
A abusive and nasty.
B vulnerable and shy.
C sullen and resentful.
D blunt and perceptive.
16
GAT 2008
UNIT 9
Questions 24 28
In a new electronic game, a at plate is divided into squares that can be lit with coloured light.
The example (Figure 1) shows a four-square version, as seen from above, with red in one square
and yellow in another. The plate is held horizontally and can be tipped on either of the two axes
shown. As a result of tipping, colour ows into other squares, like paint.

Axis 2
Axis 1
yellow
red

orange

2
Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3

Starting with colour in one square, tipping the plate for one second in a direction allows
ow to an adjacent square so that two squares now have colour in them. Tipping the plate for
another second allows ow to a further square, and so on.

After tipping in one direction, the tray is brought horizontal before tipping in another
direction.

Once a colour is in a square it stays there.

When two colours are present in the same square, a mixed colour is produced (like paint).
For example, red and yellow make orange.
For instance, if the tray in Figure 1 is tilted for one second each in the two directions indicated
in Figure 2, the result will be red in three squares and orange in one.

The number of seconds of tipping can be indicated by a number associated with the direction
arrow. Figure 3, for example, indicates tipping in the direction shown for two seconds.
24 Starting with this arrangement, what
will be the result of the tipping instruction?
A B C D

2
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GAT 2008
25 Starting with this arrangement, which of the following sets of
instructions will result in colour in every square?
A B C D
1 1 1

1 2

1 2 1

1 1 1
26 Starting with this arrangement, what is the fewest one-second
tips required to put colour in every square?
two A
three B
four C
ve D
27 Starting with this arrangement,
what would be the result of the tipping instructions?
A B C D

28 Starting with this arrangement, how will
the result differ if the order of the
two tipping instructions is reversed?
The result will be the same. A
More squares will be coloured. B
There will be more yellow squares. C
There will be more orange squares. D
1 1
1 1
18
GAT 2008
UNIT 10
Questions 29 32
The following passage is part of a commentary from a newspaper lm guide.
The term blockbuster in regard to movies often has negative connotations. Film
critics often use the term as a somewhat derogatory label for those overinated
productions that rely more on special effects rather than dialogue or characters, and
that seem to be recycled stories that distract rather than engage the audience. They
are noisy, unsubtle and unsophisticated productions that, according to these same
critics, signal the death of cinema art and mark the triumph of the corporate concerns
about how much money the lm has made, which is how its success is dened.
But just because a lm is labeled a blockbuster doesnt necessarily mean it
is bad. A good blockbuster can sweep you away, taking you places you might never
go, showing you things you could never do. It brings you into new worlds, totally
mesmerising you, lling you with anxiety, joy, laughter, relief. And it is not just you
who experiences this. It is the communal pleasure of the audience that becomes
important, the old-fashioned notion that going to the movies can still be an exciting
experience for us all.
5
10
29 According to the writer, the actual term blockbuster is mostly used when describing
a lms
A artistic merit.
B appeal to every generation.
C ability to generate controversy.
D design and commercial success.
30 According to the writer, critics of blockbuster movies dismiss these movies because
they are
A too disturbing.
B generally distasteful.
C misleading and biased.
D unoriginal and supercial.
31 The writer views blockbuster movies as
A potentially gratifying.
B fundamentally awed.
C unconventionally artistic.
D appropriately denounced.
32 Besides escapism, another reason given for the appeal of some blockbuster movies is their
A widespread inuence.
B technical simplicity.
C unusual themes.
D shared impact.
19
GAT 2008
UNIT 11
Question 33

33 In the cartoon above, the cartoonist is most critical of the owcharts
A usefulness.
B accessibility.
C simplicity.
D misuse.
20
GAT 2008
UNIT 12
Questions 34 37
A ve-digit postcode system is used in a country.

The rst digit represents one of the ten areas of the country.

The second and third digits represent a city within an area.

The last two digits represent the nearest post ofce in the city.
The postcode is printed as a barcode on an envelope (Figure 1). Each digit in the postcode is
represented by ve bars: three short bars and two long bars, as shown in Table 1.
A check digit is added after the fth digit. The check digit is produced by nding the sum of the
ve digits of the postcode and working out the number that must be added to this sum to make the
next (higher) number divisible by 10.
For example, consider the postcode 13567. The sum of these numbers is 22. You must add 8 to 22
to get the next number divisible by 10 (i.e. 30), so 8 is the check digit.
Table 1
A starting and nishing bar are added to the start and nish
of the barcode.
1 3 5 6 7 8
area city post office
postcode check
digit
starting
bar
finishing
bar
Figure 1
Digit Barcode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
34 Which of the following postcodes has a check digit of 5?
01782 A
12457 B
24621 C
35689 D
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GAT 2008
35 Part of this barcode did not print clearly.
What is the maximum number of postcodes it could represent?
one A
two B
three C
four D
36 Part of this barcode did not print clearly.
What is the missing digit?
1 A
5 B
6 C
0 D
37 Part of this barcode did not print clearly.
Of the following, which could be the sum of the two missing digits?
ve A
six B
seven C
eight D
22
GAT 2008
UNIT 13
Questions 38 41
Prosperity
monday to friday at the plant
concrete yards are busy with
vehicles and movement altho
1
most of what
moves is machinery
now and then a human gure crosses the open 5
space looking small & helpless
in the sky above the plant not much is blue
behind the buildings in a grey channel something
oozes past seeming to have been a river
on friday night when the machines are silent 10
and the watchman nishes his rounds
walking away with gun and torch like some
mistaken supplicant
2
then only the dark
nds its way through wire fences
& sometimes due to atmospheric conditions (for which 15
the management is not responsible) the wind will rise
or in the wasteland hours of industrial sunday
rain might start falling inadvertently as if
still thinking of a plant as some kind of
ower 20
Michael Dranseld
1
altho: although
2
supplicant: someone who is offering prayers
38 The description of the human as small & helpless (line 6) suggests that the environment
described in the poem is
A somehow fragile.
B deserted and lonely.
C unsafe and confusing.
D almost overwhelming.
23
GAT 2008
39 The technique of omitting punctuation in the poem has the effect of emphasising the
poets optimism about his subject matter. A
changeable rhythms of the natural world. B
changeless monotony of the factory environment. C
poets view that our concerns about our modern world are trivial. D
40 The use of the word plant in line 19 is an attempt by the poet to
focus on the irony of different meanings of the word plant. A
stress the similarity of the two meanings of the word plant. B
emphasise the power of the natural world over the human world. C
reinforce the idea of harmony between the natural world and the human world. D
41 The title of the poem is designed to
offer a summary of the poem. A
contrast with the substance of the poem. B
echo the subject matter of the poem. C
undermine the seriousness of the poem. D
24
GAT 2008
UNIT 14
Questions 42 and 43
Cake mixtures may rise as a result of the formation or enlargement of bubbles of water vapour,
carbon dioxide or air as the mixture is cooking.
The graph shows the increase in the total volume of cake mixtures, which had equal initial masses,
for cakes made with butter, oil or lard. The increase in volume was due to bubbles of
water vapour or
both air and water vapour or
all three of air, water vapour and carbon dioxide.
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
T
o
t
a
l

v
o
l
u
m
e

i
n
c
r
e
a
s
e

(
m
L
)
d
u
e

t
o

c
o
o
k
i
n
g
Butter Oil Lard Butter Oil Lard
Air, water vapour Air, water vapour,
carbon dioxide
{{
Butter Oil Lard
Water vapour
{
Air
Water vapour
Carbon dioxide
42 Carbon dioxide had the greatest effect on the change in total volume for cakes made with
butter. A
oil. B
lard. C
butter and oil equally. D
43 The presence of air appears
to increase the effect of water vapour for butter more than for oil. A
to increase the effect of water vapour for butter more than for lard. B
to increase the effect of water vapour for lard more than for oil. C
not D to change the effect of water vapour.
25
GAT 2008
UNIT 15
Questions 44 47
The following is a translation of an inscription from a 14
th
century church.
Old men who stay behind, do not iname the young with words of war. The ruin that
you risk should be your own, not theirs.
Young men beware; to make you ght they rst must make you fear then, out of
that, mould hate.
Take arms when all else fails, but mark you this: before the battles joined,
remember what it is to see friends bleed. In the battles midst, remember peace is
both behind you and ahead. Once the battles won, remember how it is that wars
begin.
Kings and captains, you who order war, know that your people, left alone, would
choose to eat not ght, would choose to love not hate, would choose to sleep not die.
Take care what you say to turn them to your will. Tell them that you ght for God, not
gain, and know your enemy is saying the same.
You who read this, pray for me. I have heard blind fury roar and sow the seeds
of future war and I have wept as heroes died.
5
10
44 In lines 3 and 4, the narrator warns young men about
A being manipulated.
B becoming apathetic.
C the effects of battle.
D the hazards of training.
45 In lines 5 8 the narrator is best described as
A justifying the need for war.
B admonishing the participants in war.
C preparing the young warrior for victory.
D instilling reason even in the midst of war.
46 Which one of the following best reects the comment remember peace is both behind you
and ahead (lines 6 and 7)?
A Peace is long gone, so the battle is futile.
B The present destruction is but a temporary state.
C The middle of battle is the most confusing time.
D Victory will follow so the destruction is worthwhile.
47 Lines 9 and 10 present an appeal for
A action.
B compassion.
C resolve.
D compromise.
26
GAT 2008
UNIT 16
Questions 48 52
The gure shows the ranges of temperature (C), salinity (parts per thousand, ppt) and water density
(mg/mL) for the deep water of the Pacic, Indian, Atlantic and Antarctic Oceans.
For example, point X represents water in the Pacic Ocean that has a temperature of about 8 C,
a salinity of 34.0 ppt and a density of 26.5 mg/mL.
48 Which ocean has the greatest salinity range?
Antarctic Ocean A
Pacic Ocean B
Indian Ocean C
Atlantic Ocean D
Due to copyright restrictions, this material is not supplied.
27
GAT 2008
49 A sample of water has a salinity of 35.0 ppt and a density of 27.0 mg/mL.
Which ocean could it come from?
Atlantic Ocean only A
Pacic or Indian Oceans only B
Indian or Atlantic Oceans only C
Pacic, Indian or Atlantic Oceans D
50 Which one of the following is closest to the temperature range of water in the Pacic
Ocean with a density of 26 mg/mL?
1117 C A
920 C B
816 C C
118 C D
51 A salinity that occurs in both the Indian and Atlantic Oceans, but not the Pacic Ocean, is
34.3 ppt. A
35.0 ppt. B
35.7 ppt. C
36.0 ppt. D
52 Which one of the following statements is best supported by the information provided?
An increase in temperature is associated with
an increase in density. A
a decrease in density. B
an increase in salinity. C
a decrease in salinity. D
28
GAT 2008
UNIT 17
Questions 53 55
The Total Product Model shows different levels considered in the marketing of a product.
s The generic product level is the physical product itself.
The expected product level is the combination of goods and services essential to the
product.
The augmented product level includes additional goods and services that improve the
appeal of the product.
The potential product level includes additional goods and services that provide room for
further growth of the product.
Diagram 1 shows different ways of marketing products using the Total Product idea (Model I
and Model II).
generic product
expected product
augmented product
potential product
Model I Model II
Diagram 1
53 A company using Model I as its marketing model most likely regards providing extra
services associated with the product as
essential. A
irrelevant. B
relevant but not highly signicant. C
highly signicant but not essential. D
29
GAT 2008
Questions 54 and 55 refer to the following additional information.
Company As motto is Little things mean a lot. Customers who walk into Company As shop
comment that they experience something special. They say that they feel a part of a whole brand
name and claim they would never buy from the competing companies.
54 The most likely belief of Company A about marketing its products is that the
number of services it offers will have no effect on sales. A
number of products it offers will have no effect on sales. B
more attractive services it offers, the more physical products it will sell. C
more attractive physical products it offers, the more physical products it will sell. D
55 Company As marketing strategy is best described as based on
Model I A .
Model II B .
neither C Model I nor Model II.
an extreme version of D Model I.
30
GAT 2008
UNIT 18
Questions 56 58
Figure 1 shows the average daily gas usage for a household in two-month periods over a year.
s
A two-month period is assumed to be 60 days.
s
A megajoule (MJ) is a unit of gas usage.
s
The gas charges are shown to the right of the graph.
A
v
e
r
a
g
e

d
a
i
l
y
g
a
s

u
s
a
g
e

(
M
J
)
250
200
150
100
50
0
J
a
n

F
e
b
M
a
r

A
p
r
M
a
y

J
u
n
J
u
l

A
u
g
S
e
p

O
c
t
N
o
v

D
e
c
Gas charges per two-month period
First 3000 MJ @ 1.0 cents per MJ
Next 6000 MJ @ 1.5 cents per MJ
Over 9000 MJ @ 2.0 cents per MJ
Figure 1
56 Consider the two-month periods with greatest and smallest total gas usage.
The difference in total gas usage between these two periods is closest to
3 000 MJ. A
6 000 MJ. B
12 000 MJ. C
15 000 MJ. D
57 Which one of the following is closest to the total gas usage in September October?
6 000 MJ A
12 000 MJ B
18 000 MJ C
24 000 MJ D
58 The total cost of the gas used in May June is closest to
$150. A
$165. B
$180. C
$210. D
31
GAT 2008
UNIT 19
Questions 59 62
Questions 59 62 are from a debate for and against the topic:
Australian law should be changed to allow criminal trials to be televised.
For each of the questions you are to choose the alternative (A D) that most appropriately describes
the relationship of the statement to the topic of the debate.
The statement:
A is most likely part of the debate for the topic.
B is most likely part of the debate against the topic.
C could possibly be part of the debate for or against the topic.
D is not relevant to either the debate for or against the topic.
59 Justice should not only be done, it should be seen to be done.
60 Justice delayed is justice denied.
61 Criminal justice is not a variety of soap opera.
62 The presumption of innocence may well be harmed by public assumptions of guilt.
32
GAT 2008
UNIT 20
Questions 63 and 64
A hexagonal spinner for a board game is divided into six triangles, each
of a different colour red, yellow, blue, orange, green and white.
R

Red, R, is already marked on the spinner.

Orange and yellow are next to each other.

Red is opposite green, but not next to white.

63 Which one of the following must be true?
Yellow is next to green. A
White is opposite yellow. B
Green cannot be next to white. C
Blue is next to both red and white. D
64 Including red, how many colours can be correctly assigned to their position?
A one C three
B two D four
UNIT 21
Question 65
There were four contestants in a schools singing competition Alex, Jason, Lani and Bethany.
The following four statements are all false.

Lani came rst.

Alex came ahead of Lani.

Bethany came ahead of Jason.

Alex came last.

Assume there were no drawn results.
65 Which one of the following is true?
Alex came second. A
Bethany came rst. B
Bethany beat Lani. C
Jason came rst. D
33
GAT 2008
UNIT 22
Questions 66 and 67
The gure indicates when, during a three-month period, ten different plants in an area in the
northern hemisphere are owering and providing nectar for bees.
MAY JUNE JULY
Pussy willow Wild bog rosemary
Bebbs willow
Leatherleaf
Rhododendron
Swamp laurel Meadowsweet
Sheep laurel
Small cranberry
Labrador tea
66 The time when the greatest number of the plants is owering is
mid May. A
late May. B
early June. C
late June. D
67 For bees to obtain nectar at all times during the three months, what is the smallest number
of these ten plants that need to ower?
four A
ve B
six C
seven D
34
GAT 2008
UNIT 23
Question 68
68 Which one of the following best describes the main focus of the image above?
self-control A
complacency B
lack of imagination C
being forced to conform D
35
GAT 2008
UNIT 24
Questions 69 and 70
The image below was painted by the French artist Edouard Vuillard in 1893. It is a depiction of
the artists widowed mother (dressed in black and seated) and his sister at home.
69 The artists depiction of his sister suggests that she is
artistic. A
submissive. B
subversive. C
disapproving. D
70 The pose of the artists mother suggests that she is
shy and indecisive. A
capable and resolute. B
gentle and compassionate. C
exhausted and grief-stricken. D
36
GAT 2008
ACER thanks rights holders who have kindly granted permission to reproduce the material cited
below. Every effort has been made to trace and acknowledge copyright. However, should any
infringement have occurred, ACER tenders its apology and invites copyright owners to contact
ACER at [email protected].
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Ivan Anchuokov, for cartoon #ian0012, Cartoonstock.com; for
Solar Cover (Qld 2007): Czarnecki, J.T., (1978) Swimming Pool Heating by Solar Energy, CSIRO
Division of Mechanical Engineering Technical Report No TR 19; for War Inscription: Davenport,
W., The Perfect Sinner, Harper Collins, UK; for Oceans: Dietrich, G., General Oceanography,
1963, Wiley and Sons; for the poem Prosperity: Dranseld, M., Michael Dranseld Collected
Poems, 1987, University of Queensland Press; for the Car Crash cartoon: Andre Francois, The
Half Naked Knight; for Leavening: Griswold, R. M., The Experimental Study of Foods, 1962,
Houghton Mifn Company; Sidney Harris for the Flowchart cartoon, Science Cartoons Plus,
www.sciencecartoonsplus.com; for the Systems diagrams: The Macroscope, Joel de Rosnay, 1979,
Harper & Row, NY; for extract on Khadifa and Aisha: Mahfouz, N., Palace Walk, 1991, Black
Swan publishers, with permission from Random House Group Limited; for Interior, Mother and
Sister of the Artist, 1893, by Edouard Vuillard: Scala Archives, Florence.
END OF QUESTION BOOK