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Linear Algebra - Exercise 2

Define the linear dependence and independence of a set of vectors in a vector space. Show that (a) a set containing the zero vector is linearly dependent. (b) If we add more vectors to a linearly dependent set, it remains linearly dependent. (c).

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115 views2 pages

Linear Algebra - Exercise 2

Define the linear dependence and independence of a set of vectors in a vector space. Show that (a) a set containing the zero vector is linearly dependent. (b) If we add more vectors to a linearly dependent set, it remains linearly dependent. (c).

Uploaded by

Vishal Gaur
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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10B1NMA731 APPLIED LINEAR ALGEBRA

EXERCISE-2 Linear Independence, Basis and Dimension


1. Define the linear dependence and independence of a set of vectors in a vector space. Show that
(a) A set containing the zero vector is linearly dependent.
(b) If we add more vectors to a linearly dependent set, it remains linearly dependent.
(c) If we remove some elements of a linearly independent set it remains linearly independent.
2. Determine whether the following sets are linearly independent.
a. The set
} , , { k j i j i j i + + +
in
} , , : { R z y x zk yj xi V + +
. Does it span V ?
b. The set
} , , , { k j i k i j i i + + + +
in V above. Does it spanV ?
c. The set } 2 , 1 , {
2 2
x x x + in
3
P
, the vector space of all polynomials of degree less than
three over the real field. Does it span
3
P
?
d. The functions
f
and
g
in
] 1 , 1 [ C
defined by
. ) ( , ) (
2
x x x g x x f
Do they span
] 1 , 1 [ C
?
e. The functions
x x x x
2 2
cos , sin , sin , 2 cos
in
] , [ C
.
f. The set

'

1
]
1

1
]
1

1
]
1

1
]
1

0 1
1 1
,
1 0
1 1
,
1 1
0 1
,
1 1
1 0
in
2 2
R
. Do they span the vector space?
g. The set of functions
2 1 0
, , f f f
in
] 2 , 0 [ C
, where
, 2 ) (
0
x x f

, 1 1 ) (
1
x x f

. 1 ) (
2
x x f
Draw their graphs and also of
. 3 2
2 1 0
f f f + +
h. The complex valued functions
ix ix
e e

, , 1 defined on the real line with field R .
3. Define the terms dimension and basis in a vector space. Give two examples of each of a finite
dimensional and infinite dimensional vector space. Is the basis unique? Can the dimension of a
given vector space vary? Give a basis and dimension of each one of the following vector spaces
(a) The vector space of all polynomials of degree less than five. (b)
2 3
R
(c) zero space
(d) the linear span of the set
} , , {
2 1 0
f f f
in Q.2 (g). (e)
} 0 : ) , , {( + z y x z y x
4. Determine whether the following sets of vectors form a basis of
3
R
(a)
)} 4 , 4 , 1 ( ), 2 , 2 , 1 ( ), 1 , 1 , 1 {(
(b)
)} 0 , 1 , 0 ( ), 1 , 1 , 1 ( ), 0 , 1 , 1 ( ), 0 , 0 , 1 {(

(c)
)} 1 , 0 , 1 ( ), 1 , 3 , 0 ( ), 0 , 2 , 1 {(
5. In a vector space of dimension 3, prove that a subset of more than 3 vectors is linearly dependent.
Will a subset of less than 3 vectors be linearly independent? Can you generalize the result for a
vector space of dimension
n
?
6. Let ( )
1 1
, y x and ( )
2 2
, y x be vectors in
2
R
such that
0
2 1 2 1
+ y y x x
, and
. 1
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
1
+ + y x y x Prove that
{ } , B
is a basis of
2
R
.
7. Let V be the vector space of all polynomial functions from R into R of degree 2 or less. Let
p
be a fixed real number and define ( ) ( ) p x x g x g +
2 1
, 1 and ( ) ( )
2
3
p x x g + . Prove that
{ }
3 2 1
, , g g g B
is a basis for V . Hence find the coordinates of
( )
2
2 1 0
x c x c c x f + +
with
respect to the above ordered basis, with
1 p
.
8. Find the basis and dimension of vector spaces of square matrices, diagonal matrices, upper
triangular matrices, symmetric matrices and skew symmetric matrices of order
n n
.
9. Let W be the set of all
) , , , , (
5 4 3 2 1
x x x x x
in
5
R
which satisfy
0 3 4 3 6
4 3 2 1
+ x x x x
,
0 3 2 3
5 3 1
+ x x x
,
0 3 3 6 3 9
5 4 3 2 1
+ x x x x x
. Find a basis of W .
10. Select a basis, if any, of
3
R
from the set
)} 3 , 2 , 1 ( ), 1 , 0 , 1 ( ), 1 , 2 , 1 ( ), 0 , 1 , 1 ( ), 1 , 1 , 0 {(
.

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