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5
GROUP (A)-HOME WORK PROBLEMS Q-1) Find the focal radius of a point of the parabola 5y2 = 12x , if the abscissa of P is equal to 7. Ans. The equation of parabola 5y2 = 12x
12 x 5 Comparing with,

x + 2 = 0 and y + 1 = 0 x = 2 and y = 1 vertex (2 , 1) ii) focus : x + 2 = 0 and y + 1 = a x = 2 and y + 1 = x = 2 and y = 1 4 3 4

y2 =

4a = a=

12 5 3 5

1 focus 2 , 4
iii)equation of axis, x+2=0
38 = units 5

focal dist of pt p = x1 + a
iv) equation of directrix :y + 1 = a y+1=
3 4

Q-2) Find focal distance of a point P of y2 = 4x is ordinate of P is 3. Ans. Let P (h, 3) Its co-ordinates satisfies equation P is on y2 = 4x , i.e 9 = 4h
9 4 2 for y = 4x a=1

7 4 4y + 7 = 0

h=

v)

(LR) = 4a =4 =3
3 4

focal distance of P = x1 + a

9 +1 = 4
=
13 units 4

Q-3) Find the cordinates of the vertex, focus, the equation of the axis, equation of directrix and length of Latus rectum of parabola. x 2 + 4x 3y + 1 = 0 Ans. Equation of parabola is, x2 + 4x 3y + 1 = 0 x2 + 4x + 4 = 3y 1 + 4 (x + 2)2 = 3(y + 1) Let X = x + 2 and Y = y + 1 x2 = 3y 4a = 3
3 4 i) vertex :a=

Q-4) Find the equation of the parabola having the vertex at the origin and the directrix x+5=0 Ans. Equation of directrix , x + 5 = 0 x=5 comparing with x = a equation of parabola, y2 = 4ax y2 = 20x Q-5) Find the coordinates of the vertex , coordinates of focus and equation of directrix for the following parabolas. Ans. i) y2 = 6(x 3) Let X = x 3 y2 = 6x 4a = 6
a =
3 2

Parabola

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a) b) vertex x 3 = 0, y = 0 x = 3, y = 0 vertex (3, 0) focus :x3=
9 , 2 3 , 2 3 4

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ii) if t =

9 3 , 6 (at2, 2at) 3 16 4 27 9 , 16 2
y =0 Q-8) Find the coordinates of the focus, equation of directrix and length of latus rectum for the parabola 2y2 + 5x = 0. Ans. Equation of parabola, 2y2 + 5x = 0
y2 = 5 x 2 5 8

x=

y=0

9 s ,0 2
c) equation of directrix :x 3 = a x3=
3 2 3 2

a =

5 i) focus (a, 0) , 0 8 ii) equation of directrix, x = a

5 8 8x 5 = 0

x= 3

x=

x= x=

6 3 2 2 3 2

iii) (LR) = 4a =

5 units. 2

2x 3 = 0
Q-6) Find the equation of the parabola with vertex at (0, 0), axis along Y axis and passing through (12, 6) Ans. As axis of parabola is Y-axis, x2 = 4ay (12, 6) is on parabola, 144 = 4a 6 6=a a=6 equation of parabola is, x2 = 24y Q-7) Find the cartesian coordinates of the points on the parabola y2 = 12x, whose

Q-9) Find the focal distance of P (2, 4) on the parabola y2 = 8x. Ans. For y2 = 8x a=2 focal distance of (2, 4) is x1 + a = 2+2 =4 Q-10) Find the equation of parabola having vertex at origin of directix x + 7 = 0. Ans. Equation of directrix is, x+7=0 x = 7 a=7 equation of parabola is, y2 = 4ax y2 = 28x Q-11) Find the equation of parabola having, i) vertex at origin, x axis as axis and passing through (2, 4) ii) vertex at origin, x axis as axis and latus rectum is 9. Ans. i) equation of parabola is, y2 = 4ax 16 = 4a a=4

3 parameters are i) 3 ii) 4 Ans. For y2 = 12x , a = 3 i) if t = 3 (at2, 2at) ( 3 9,2 3 3 ) (27 , 18)

Parabola

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Q-15) P ( 3) is any point on the parabola y2 = 12x. Find cartesian coordinate of P. Ans. For parabola y2 = 12x, a = 3 P (t) (at2, 2at) P (3) (3 9, 2 3 3) (27, 18) Q-16) A circle whose centre is (4, 1) passes through the focus of parabola x 2 + 16y = 0. Show that the circle touches the directrix of the parabola. Ans. For x2 + 16y = 0 x2 = 16y a=4 focus is (0, a) (0, 4)
Radius = y2 (t1 + t2) =
2

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a2 y2

t2 1

t2 2

+ 2t1 t 2 = 1 a2 y2 a
1 2

2x1 + 22 = a

t1 + t2 = 2

2 2x1 a +4a2 = y 1

2 y1 = 2ax1 + 4a2

y 2 = 2a(x + 2a) 1 1

( 4 0 )2 + ( 4 + 1)2

y2 = 2a (x + 2a) .... equation of locus of R which is midpoint of PQ.

= 16 + 9 = 5 2 for x + 16y = 0 equation of directrix is, y=a y=4 y4=0 r distance between centre (4, 1) and y 4 = 0 is, =
1 4 1

GROUP (B)-HOME WORK PROBLEMS Find the equation of the tangent to the parabola y2 = 16x at t = 1 . Ans. For y2 = 16x , 4a = 16 a=4 equation of tangent to y2 = 4ax is, yt = x + at2 t = 1, y = x + 4(1)2 y = x + 4 x+y+4=0 equation of tangent Q-2) Find the equation of the tangent to x 2 2x + 4y + 4 = 0 at the vertex. Ans. Equation of parabola is, x2 2x + 4y + 4 = 0 (x2 2x + 1)= 4y 3 Q-1)

= 5 = radius

Circle touches y 4 = 0 solpe of OP slope of QR = 1 OP OQ POQ = 90

Q-17) P(t1) and Q(t2) are two points on the parabola y2 = 4ax such that t1t2 = 2. Show equation of locus of mid - point of seg. PQ is y2 = 2a (x + 2a) Ans. P(t1)

at2 1

, 2at1

3 (x 1)2 = 4 y + 4 3 vertex of the parabola is 1 , 4 x2 2x + 4y + 4 = 0 diff. wrt.x

2x 2 + 4
dy =0 dx

2 Q(t2) at 2 , 2at 2

Let R(x1 , y1)be the midpoint of PQ. x1 =

2 at1 + at 2 2 2

2 2 2x1= a t1 + t 2

)
... (i)

t2 + t 2 =
1 2

2x1 a

dy 2 2x = dx 4 dy 1 x = dx 2

2at1 + 2at 2 2 y1 = a(t1 + t2)

y1 =

t1 + t2 =

y1 a

... (ii)

3 slope of tangent to parabola at 1 , 4 is,

Parabola

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3 a= 2
given line L is 2x + y = 5 y = 2x + 5 Its slope = 2 slope of tangent perpendicular to line L =m=

1 2 a m

Equation of tangent in terms of slope is

y = mx + y= y=

The roots of quadratic equation in (iii) are equal The line intersects the parabola at coincident points To find point of contact put y = 8 in equation (ii) x + 2y + 8 = 0 x + 2(8) + 8 = 0 x + 2(8) + 8 = 0 x 16 + 8 =0 x8=0 x=8 point of contact are (8, 8)

1 3 2 x+ 2 2 1

x +3 2 i.e. 2y = x + 6
Equation of tangent is x 2y + 6 = 0

Q-9) Find the equation of tangent to the parabola y2 = 12x which is parallel to 3x 2y + 5 = 0. Find its point of contact. Ans. For y2 = 12x 4a = 12 a=3
3 2 slope of tangent parallel to 3x 2y + 5 = 0

slope of 3x 2y + 5 = 0 is

Q-8)

Find the equation of a tangent to y2 = 8x and parallel to x + 2y + 5 = 0. Also find the point of contact Ans. Equation of the parabola y2 = 8x ...(i) Equation of standard parabola, y2 = 4ax comparing (i) and (ii) we get, 4a = 8 a=2 Equation of given line, x + 2y + 5 = 0
Slope of tangent parallel to this line =

3 . 2 equation of tangent is,

is

y mx + y=

a m

1 2

3 3 x+ 3 2 2

Equation of tangent to parabola (m) is given by,

y = mx +

a m

3 x+2 2 2y = 3x + 4 3x 2y + 4 = 0

y=

equation of tangent 3x = 2y 4 12x = 8y 16 y2 = 8y 16 y2 8y + 16 = 0 (y 4)2= 0 y4 =0 y =4 3x =4 x =

4 3

Equation of tangent is,

y=

1 2 x+ 2 1/2

x 4 2 2y = x 8 y=
i.e. x + 2y + 8 = 0 ...(ii) To find point of contact put x = 2y 8 in equation (i) y2 = 8x y2 = 8(2y 8) y2 = 16y 64 y2 16y 64 y2 + 16y + 64 = 0 (y + 8) (y + 8) = 0 ...(iii)

4 point of contact , 4 3
Q-10) Find the equation of the tangent to y2 = 2x and perpendicular to x + 2y + 5 = 0 Ans. Equation of parabola is y2 = 2x ...(i) Equation of standard parabola is y2 = 4ax ...(ii)

Parabola

Mahesh Tutorials Science from (i) and (ii) 4a = 2

43

tangents are drawn from (6, 7)

2 m 7m = 6m2 + 2 6m2 7m + 2 = 0 6m2 3m 4m + 2 = 0 3m(2m 1)2(2m 1) = 0 (3m 2) (2m 1) = 0

1 a = 2
given line L is x + 2y + 5 = 0

7 = 6m +

y=

x 5 2 2 1 2

Its slope is =

slope of tangent perpendicular to line, m=2 Equation of tangent in terms of slope is,

2 1 or m = 3 2 Angle between. the tangents is,

m=

y = mx + y = 2x +

a m 1 1 2 2

2 1 3 2 tan = 2 1 1+ 3 2 43 6 3 +1 3

1 y = 2x + 4
4y = 8x + 1
equation of tangent is 8x 4y + 1 = 0 Q-11) Find the equation of tangent to parabola y2 = 8x having slope = 1 Ans. Equation of parabola is y2 = 8x ...(i) Equation of standard parabola is y2 = 4ax ...(ii) from (i) and (ii) 4a = 8 a=2 slope of the tangent = m = 1 equation of the tangent in terms of slope y = mx +

= tan =

1 3 6 4
1 8 1 8

= tan1

a m

Q-13) Find the equation of the tangent to the parabola y2 = 8x at the end point of latus rectum in the first quadrant. Ans. For y2 = 8x a=2 end points of LR in first quadrant is (a,2a)
ie (2 ,4) equation of tangent is, yy1 = 2a(x + x1) tangent is drawn at (2, 4) 4y = 2 2(x + 2) y=x+2

Equation of the tangent to the parabola in equation (i) with slope = 1 will be y = (1) x +

2 1

y = x 2 x+y+2=0 x + y + 2 = 0 is required equation Q-12) Find angle between tangents drawn (6, 7) to the parabola y2 = 8x Ans. y2 = 8x 4a = 8 a=2 equation of tangent, y = mx + y = mx +
a m 2 m

Q-14) Show that the length of the intercept made by the parabola y2 = 4x on the line x + y = 3 is 8 2 . Ans. Equation of parabola y2 = 4x Equation of line is, x+y=3 x=3y solving (i) and (ii), y2 = 4 (3 y) y2 + 4y 12 = 0 y2 + 6y 2y 12 = 0 y(y + 6) 2(y + 6) = 0

... (i)

... (ii)

.... (i)

Parabola

44 (y 2) (y + 6) = 0 y = 2 or y = 6 when y = 2 x=1 A (1, 2) when y = 6 x=9 B (9, 6) Length of the intercept is, (AB)= =

Mahesh Tutorials Science The line is a tangent to the parabola at y = 6 To find the point of contact put y = 6 in equation (ii) x + 4y + 12 = 0 x + 4(6) + 12 = 0 x 24 + 12 = 0 x 12 = 0 x = 12 The point of contact are (12, 6) Q-17) Show that the angle between the tangents drawn to the parabola y2 = 6x from the point (2, 4) is tan1
4 7

( 9 1)2 + ( 6 2)2
64 + 64

= 8 2 units. Q-16) Find the equation of the tangents to the parabola y2 = 3x having slope

1 and find 4

Ans. For y2 = 6x 4a = 6
3 2 equation of tangent is,

the point of contact. Ans. Equation of parabola is y2 = 3x ...(i) Equation of standard parabola is y2 = 4ax ...(ii) from (i) and (ii) 4a = 3

a =

y = mx + y = mx +

a m

3 a= 4
slope of the tangent = m =

3 2m tangent is drawn from (2, 4)

1 4

4 = 2m +

Equation of the tangent in terms of slope

y = mx +

a m 1 will be 4

Equation of the tangent to the parabola in equation (i) with slope =

3 2m 8m = 4m2 + 3 4m2 + 8m + 3 = 0 4m2 + 2m + 6m + 3 = 0 2m (2m +1) + 3 (2m + 1) = 0 (2m + 1) . (2m + 3) = 0

m=

1 3 or m = 2 2

3 4 1 y = x + 4 1 4 y= x 3 4

m1 m2 tan = 1 + m m 1 2

4y = x 12
i.e. x + 4y + 12 = 0 ...(ii) is equation of tanget To find point of contact put x = 4y 12 in equation (i) y2 = 3x y2 = 3(4y 12) y2 = 12y 36 y2 + 12y + 36 = 0 (y + 6)2 = 0 ...(iii) The roots of qudratic equation in (iii) are equal The line intersecting the parabola at coincident points

1 3 + 2 2 = 3 1+ 4

1 = 7 4 tan = 4 7 4 7 Hence proved

= tan1

Parabola

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Q-18) Show that the tangents to the parabola y2 = 24x from the point (6, 9) are at right angles. Ans. For y2 = 24x a=6 equation of tangent is,
y = mx + y = mx +
a m

45
Q-20) If the line x + 2y + 2 = 0 touches the paraboal y2 = 8x. Find K Ans. Equation of parabola is , y2 = 8x ...(i)
equation of tangent is, y =

x 2 k k

a m tangent is drawn from (-6, 9)

9 = 6m +

6 m 9m = 6m2 + 6 6m2 + 9m 6 = 0 2m2 + 3m 2 = 0 2m2 + 4m m 2 = 0 2m (m + 2) 1(m + 2) = 0 (2m 1) (m + 2) = 0

m=

1 or m = 2 2

1 & -2. 2 product of slopes is 1 angles between the tangents is 90.

slopes of tangents are

...(ii) To find the point of intersection of the line, and the parabola put x = ky 2 in equation ...(i) y2 = 8x y2 = 8(ky 2) y2 = 8ky 16 y2 = 8ky + 16 = 0 ...(iii) The line in equation (ii) is tangent, the line will intesect the parabola at coincident points. The roots in equation (iii) will be equal The discrimenant = 0 (8k)2 (4) (1) (16) = 0 64k2 64 = 0 64k2 = 64 k2 = 1 k = 1

x 2 k x = ky 2 y=

Q-19) Show that the line 4y = 8x + 1 touches the parabola y2 = 2x Ans. Equation of the parabola is y2 = 2x ...(i) Equation of given line 4y = 8x + 1 ...(ii) To find the point of intersection of the line
and parabola in (i) put x = y2 = 2x

Q-21) Prove that length of perpendicular from the focus s of the parabola y2 = 4ax on the tangent at P is OS.SP . Ans. Equation of tangent at, P (at2, 2at), yt = x + at2 x yt + at2 = 0 ...(i) focus of parabola is (a, 0). length of r drawn from focus on tangent is,
a 0 + at2

1 1 y= 2 8

y 1 y = 2 2 8
2

1 + t2

y2 = y y2 y +

1 4 1 =0 4

a 1 + t2

1 + t2

2 = a 1+ t

4y 2 4y + 1 = 0

OS = a

( 2y 1)

=0

...(iii)

2 SP = a + at

...focal distance

The roots of qudratic equation in (iii) are equal The line 4y = 8x + 1 touches parabola at

= a 1+ t

y=

1 2

2 OS . SP = a2 1 + t

OS.SP = a 1 + t2

OS.SP

Parabola

46
Q-22)Find the equation of the common tangent to the parabolas y2 = 12x & x 2 = 12y. Ans. For y2 = 12x 4a = 12 a=3 equation of tangent is,
y = mx + y = mx +
a m 3 m

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The equation of tangent is, 4x + y + k = 0 y = 4x k comparing with, y = mx + c m = 4, c = k condition of tangency,

c=
... (i)
3 in x2 = 12y, m

a m 1 4

k = k=

substituting y = mx +

3 x2 = 12 mx + m
36 x 12 mx =0 m line is tangent, =0 B2 4AC = 0
2

1 4

Q-25) Find the equation of normal to the parabola y2 = 4x at (4, 4) show that it meets the parabola agian at (9, 6). Ans. y2 = 4x ...(i) diff. wrt. x,
2y
dy =4 dx

36 =0 144 m2 4 1 m 1 m2 + =0 m m3 + 1 = 0 m3 = 1 m = 1 equation of tangent is, y = x 3 x+y+3=0

dy 2 = dx y
1 2 i.e. 2 4 solpe of normal is 2. equation of normal is, y 4 = 2 (x 4) y 4 = 2x + 8 2x + y 12 = 0 y = 2x + 12 ...(ii) solving (i) and (ii) (2x + 12)2 = 4x 4x2 48x + 144 4x = 0 4x2 52x + 144 = 0 x2 + 13x + 36 x2 9x 4x + 36 = 0 (x 9) (x 4) = 0 x = 9 or x = 4 when x = 9 y = 2 9 + 12 y = 6 the tangent 2x + y 12 = 0 is also meet it again at (9, 6)

slope of tangent is

Q-23) Show that x y = 1 touches y2 = 4x. Find the point of contact Ans. Equation of the parabola is y2 = 4x Equation of given line y = x 1 To find the piont of intersection of the line and parabola in (i) put x = y + 1 in equation (i) points pf contact of parabola is

a 2a 2, m m
where a = 1 and y = x 1 comparing with y = mx + c m = 1, c = 1 So, The points of contact are,

1 2 (1) , = (1,2 ) 1 1
Q-24) Find k if 4x + y + k = 0 touches y2 = 4x Ans. Equation of parabola y2 = 4x comparing with, y2 = 4ax 4a = 4 a=1

Q-27) Find the equation of the normals to y2 = 4ax which meet at (9a, 6a) Ans. The equation of parabola is, y2 = 4ax The equation of normal is,
( y y

)=

y1 ( x x1 ) 2a

Parabola

Mahesh Tutorials Science

47
point of contact is (2a,a) which is an extremity of latus rectum as required.

(y 6a) =

6a ( x 9a ) 2a

y 6a = 3x + 27a 3x + y = 33a 3x + y 33a = 0 is equation of normal

Q-28) Show that x y + 3 = 0 touches y2 = 12x. Find the point of contact. Ans. Equation of the parabola is y2 = 12x ...(i) Equation of given line y = x + 3 ...(ii) To find the point of intersection of the line and parabola in(i) put x = y 3 in equation (i) y2 = 12(y 3) y2 = 12y 36 y2 12y + 36 = 0 (y 6)2 = 0 ...(iii) The roots of qudratic equation in (iii) are equal The line intersecting the parabola aty = 6 To find the point of contact put y = 6 in equation (ii) 6=x+3 point of contact are (3, 6) Q-29) Show that the equation of the tangent with slope m. to the parabola x 2 = 4ay is y = mx am2. Ans. Equation of parabola, x2 = 4ay ...(i) Equation of tangent is, y = mx + c ...(ii) solving (i) and (ii), x2 = 4a (mx + c) x2 4am x 4ac = 0 If line is tangent, = 0 B2 4AC = 0 (4am)2 4 (1) (4ac) = 0 16a2m2 + 16ac = 0 am2 + c = 0 c = am2 equation of tangent is, y = mx am2 Q-30) Show that the tangent to y = 4ax at (a 2a) touches the parabola x 2 = 4ay at the extermity of its latus ractum Ans. The tangent at (a, 2a) to y 2 = 4ax has equation y(2a) = 2a (x + a) i.e. x + y + a = 0 To show that its touches x2 = 4ay put y = x a in x2 = 4ay x2 = 4a (x a) x2 + 4ax + 4a2 = 0 (x +2a)2 = 0 whose roots are equal being x = 2a each x + y + a = 0 cuts x2 = 4ay at coincident points and hence is a tangent to the parabola For point of contact, putting x = 2a in x + y + a = 0, we get y = a
2

Q-31) Find the equations of the tangent to the parabola y2 = 36x from the point (2,9) Ans. Equation of parabola y2 = 36x ...(i) Equation of standard parabola is y2 = 4ax ...(ii) comparing (i) and (ii) 4a = 36 a=9 Let m be the slope of the tangent through (2,9) equation of tangent in terms of slope is

y = mx +

a m 9 m 9 m

substiuting for a, we get

y = mx +

This tangent passes through (2,9)

9 = 2m +

9m = 2m2 + 9 2m2 9m + 9 = 0 (m3) (2m 3) = 0 m 3 = 0 or 2m 3 = 0 m = 3 or m =

3 2

When m = 3 the equation of tangent will be y = 3x +

9 3

y = 3x + 3 3x y + 3 = 0 i.e. 3x y + 3 = 0 When m =

3 the equation of tangent will be 2

y =

3 9 x + 2 2 3 3x 18 + 2 3 3x +6 2

y =

y =

2y = 3x + 12 i.e. 3x 2y + 12 = 0

Parabola