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Exercise No 4 (Online) - With Answers

The document contains 10 multi-part math problems involving complex numbers, logarithms, sets, polynomials, and arithmetic progressions. For each problem, the assistant provides a step-by-step solution to arrive at the answer. Though one of the answers appears incorrect, the method of setting up and solving the system of equations is demonstrated.

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Rabiah
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222 views4 pages

Exercise No 4 (Online) - With Answers

The document contains 10 multi-part math problems involving complex numbers, logarithms, sets, polynomials, and arithmetic progressions. For each problem, the assistant provides a step-by-step solution to arrive at the answer. Though one of the answers appears incorrect, the method of setting up and solving the system of equations is demonstrated.

Uploaded by

Rabiah
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Exercise No 4(Online)-With answers

1. The complex numbers z1 and z2 satisfy the equation z 2 = 1 − 2 2i .


(a) Express z1 and z2 in the form of a+bi, where a and b are real numbers.
(b) Represent z1 and z2 in the argand diagram.
(c) For each z1 and z2, find the modulus and argument (in radian).
Answer:
(a) Let z = a + bi
(a + bi ) 2 = 1 − 2 2i
a 2 − b 2 + 2abi = 1 − 2 2i
Equate the real parts and the imaginary parts:
2
a 2 − b 2 = 1, 2ab = −2 2 → b = −
a
2
a 2 − 2 = 1 → a 4 − a 2 − 2 = 0 → (a 2 − 2)(a 2 + 1) = 0 → a = ± 2 , [a 2 + 1 = 0 reject ]
a
a = 2 , b = −1, a = − 2 , b = 1
z1 = 2 − i z2 = − 2 + i

(b)

(-√2,1)
z2
x
0 z1
(√2,-1)

(c) z1 = z2 = 2 + 1 = 3
−1
Argz1 = tan −1 ( ) = −0.515 look at argand diagram.
2
1
Argz2 = tan −1 ( ) = π − 0.615 = 2.526
− 2

2. Using the method of completing the square, or otherwise, solve the equation
z 2 + 4 z = 4 − 6i . Hence determine z and arg z.
Answer:

z 2 + 4 z = 4 − 6i
Let z = a + bi
( z + 2) 2 − 4 = 4 − 6i
( z + 2) 2 = ( a + 2 + bi ) 2 → (a + 2)2 − b 2 + 2(a + 2)bi = 8 − 6i
( z + 2) 2 = 8 − 6i
3
(a + 2) 2 − b 2 = 8, 2(a + 2)b = −6 → b = −
a+2
9
(a + 2) 2 − = 8 → (a + 2) 4 − 8(a + 2) − 9 = 0
(a + 2) 2

[(a + 2) 2
][ ]
− 9 (a + 2) 2 + 1 = 0
[
a + 2 = ±3 (a + 2) 2 + 1 = 0 has no solution ]
a = −5,1
a = −5, b = 1 a = 1, b = −1
z = −5 + i, 1 − i
π
z = 26 , 2 , and Argz = 2.94,−
4

3. Using the algebraic laws of sets, show that ( A ∩ B )′ − ( A′ ∩ B ) = B′ .


Answer:
LHS = ( A ∩ B)′ − ( A′ ∩ B ) = ( A ∩ B )′ ∩ ( A′ ∩ B )′
= ( A′ ∪ B′) ∩ ( A ∪ B′)
= ( B′ ∪ A′) ∩ ( B′ ∪ A)
= B′ ∪ ( A′ ∩ A) = B′ ∪ φ = B′ = RHS

4. Given x = log a b, y = logb c and z = log c a , show that xzy=1.


Answer:
xyz = (log a b)(logb c)(logc a )
lg b lg c lg a
= × × =1
lg a lg b lg c

5. Find the least integral value of n such that


log10 (2n + 1) − log10 2n < log10 1.0025 .
Answer:
2n + 1
log10 < log10 1.0025
2n
2n + 1
< 1.0025
2n
1 1
1+ <1+
2n 400
1 1
<
2n 400
1 1
<
n 200
n > 200
Least integral value of n is 201.

6. One of the roots of the equation 21x 3 − 50 x 2 − 37 x − 6 = 0 is a positive


integer. Find this root and hence, solve the equation completely.
Answer:
Let f ( x ) = 21x 3 − 50 x 2 − 37 x − 6
By trial and error,
f (3) = 21(3)3 − 50(3) 2 − 37(3) − 6 = 0
Hence, x=3 is the positive integer root.
f ( x) = ( x − 3)(21x 2 + 13 x + 2) = ( x − 3)(7 x + 2)(3x + 1) = 0
2 1
x = 3,− , −
7 3

7. Find the set of values of x such that − 4 < x 3 − 2 x 2 + 2 x − 4 < 0 .


Answer:
− 4 < x3 − 2 x 2 + 2 x − 4 < 0
− 4 < x 3 − 2 x 2 + 2 x − 4 and x 3 − 2 x 2 + 2 x − 4 < 0
x 3 − 2 x 2 + 2 x > 0 and x 2 ( x − 2) + 2( x − 2) < 0
x( x 2 − 2 x + 2) > 0 and ( x 2 + 2)( x − 2) < 0
Consider x 2 − 2 x + 2 Since b 2 − 4ac = 4 − 16 < 0 x 2 − 2 x + 2 > 0
For x( x 2 − 2 x + 2) > 0 , x>0→I

Consider ( x 2 + 2)( x − 2) < 0 , since x 2 + 2 > 0 , for ( x 2 + 2)( x − 2) < 0 , x<2→II


Therefore the answer is the intersection between I and II, {x: 0<x < 2}

8. The function f is defined as f ( x) = 2 x 2 + 4 x + 5, x ∈ ℜ .


(a) Find the set of values of x such that f(x) <3x2.
Answer:
2 x 2 + 4 x + 5 < 3 x 2 → x 2 − 4 x − 5 > 0 → ( x − 5)( x + 1) > 0 → { x : x < −1, x > 5}
(b) Find the set of values of k so that the equation f(x) =kx has no real roots.
Answer:
2 x 2 + 4 x + 5 = kx
2 x 2 + (4 − k ) x + 5 = 0
No real roots,
b 2 − 4ac < 0
(4 − k ) 2 − 4(2)(5) < 0
16 − 8k + k 2 − 80 < 0
k 2 − 8k − 64 < 0
Consider
k 2 − 8k − 64 = 0
k =4±4 5
{
Ans : k : 4 − 4 5 < k < 4 + 4 5 }

x3
9. Express in partial fractions.
( x + 1)( x + 2)
Answer:
By doing long division,
x3 7x + 6
= ( x + 3) +
( x + 1)( x + 2) ( x + 1)( x + 2)
7x + 6 A B
= + → A = −1, B = 8
( x + 1)( x + 2) x + 1 x + 2
x3 1 8
= ( x + 3) − +
( x + 1)( x + 2) x +1 x + 2

10. The 2nd, 4th and 8th terms of an AP are 2x+3, 5x+1, and x2-23 respectively. Find
the value of x and hence the sum of the first 12 terms of the series.
Answer:
a + d = 2 x + 3 → (i )
a + 3d = 5 x + 1 → (ii )
a + 7 d = x 2 − 23 → (iii )
(ii ) − (i ) → 2d = 3 x − 2 → (iv)
(iii ) − (ii ) → 4d = x 2 − 5 x − 24 → (v )
(v ) − 2(iv) → 0 = x 2 − 5 x − 24 − (6 x − 4)
x 2 − 11x − 20 = 0
11 ± 201
x=
2
11 + 201 27 + 201 29 + 3 201
x= ,a = ,d = ,
2 4 4
Taking
1119 + 105 201
S12 =
2
[Note: I think something must be wrong with this question since the answer is
quite ridiculous, but what important is the method of getting the values for x, then
finding a, d and sum of the first 12 terms.]

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