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1.0 TEACHING AIDS Teaching aids are tools that classroom teachers use to help their students learn quickly and thoroughly. A teaching aid can be as simple as a chalkboard or as complex as a computer program. Because every individual learns in a different way, teachers rely on these tools to explain concepts to students with a wide variety of learning needs. Teaching aids are crucial for educators as they are key in differentiating instruction for all types of learners. Teaching aids are the physical tools used to convey information in the classroom. Teaching strategies, however, are the methods the teacher uses to instruct. For example, a graph, a globe, and a ruler are all teaching aids. Lecture, discussion, and cooperative learning are all examples of teaching strategies. Utilizing both facets of teaching present is paramount to a successful classroom, as even the best teaching aid Most teaching aids are visual in nature. Blackboards and whiteboards, posters, calendars, charts, drawings, and overhead projectors are all examples of visual teaching aids. This type of aid is important because many people learn best through use of visual/special thinking. Some teaching aids are aurally-based. These aural aids include recordings of spoken broadcasts and songs. Audio-visual teaching aids include film projectors, videocassettes, DVDs, and movies on the Web. Though audio-visual aids were once seen as a method for students to teach themselves, they are now considered to be educational tools rather than a replacement for teachers. Teaching aids can make by this step

Plan your organization of the teaching aids. Teaching aids are useless if they are dumped into a giant bin and difficult to retrieve. Instead, use shoe boxes, yogurt containers, tin cans or baskets for sorting, displaying, passing around and storing teaching aids. You and your students can decorate the storage containers with colored paper, labels, stickers or pictures of the objects to be contained within .

Select which areas of the curriculum most require teaching aids. Typically, English as a Second Language curriculum benefits from realia while math and science curriculum demands counters and other manipulatives.
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Create a symbolic meaning for the teaching aids you create. For example, if you are using water bottle tops as counters for math, you can organize them with circle-shaped labels. Yellow tops can have a value of one, red a value of ten, and so on. Provide a chart or a key for the symbolic meaning of the teaching aids.

Involve the students. Teaching aids are more meaningful to students and their learning if they have the opportunity to create them. If you are teaching the letter "P", for example, students can use popcorn to make the letter which you then display on a bulletin board for future reference. If you are teaching kids to count by ten, they can use sentence strip paper to make skip counting charts to place on their desks.

Allow students to explore with the teaching aids. If you have dry beans for counting or weighing, set up the scales as a learning center and have the students make discoveries on their own about the possibilities and properties of the teaching aids. Students can then report back to classmates or draw up or write about their findings.

Characteristics of Teaching Aids 1. Reduces verbalism 2. Develops imaginative thinking power 3. Imparts knowledge through experience 4. Learn to use apparatus 5. Knowledge imparted through narration 6. Save time & interest increases 7. Give flow of thoughts 8. Useful & proper teaching 9. Active Learning 10. Scientific attitude develops 11. Self working 12. Develops curiosity 13. See things apparently 14. Comparative study can be done 15. Learning & understanding becomes permanent

2.0 IMPORTANCE OF TEACHING AIDS Teaching aids can be broken down into four broad categories: bulletin boards; charts; flash cards; manipulatives and experiments. Bulletin boards frequently set the ambiance in the class room; however, you should not overlook the potential to use this classroom space to teach a new concept. Permanently displaying a concept benefits students by allowing them to process the information at anytime during the day, Remember to replace bulletin boards routinely to introduce new material, review and reinforce past lessons, and show student progress. Use charts, which may be placed throughout the classroom as part of the dcor, on a regular basis for instructional purposes. Appropriate charts for permanent display might include a cursive formation chart or a calendar. Display charts introducing new material for the first few days of the lesson, but take them down during quizzes or tests. Teachers should refer to charts often during instructional time but should not rely on the display itself to teach the students; students cannot be expected to learn new material unless it has been presented by the teacher. While flashcards are normally associated with arithmetic class, teachers can purchase or create flashcards for use in almost every subject. For instance, a science review could include a flashcard with a type of animal, such as "amphibian," written on one side, with the opposite side listing the animal's characteristics. A reading class could incorporate flashcards with a word on one side and the definition on the other side. Flashcards can be used by the teacher to generate competition among students, or they can be given to individual students or small groups for extra practice. Manipulatives and experiments are teaching aids that the children are allowed to play with and touch. Manipulatives could include magnets, counting objects, musical instruments, puppets or items of varying texture and size. By incorporating the five senses and integrating the concepts of Dale's "Cone of Experience" into the lesson, these teaching aids will heighten student interest and comprehension.

The Benefits of Teaching Aids Since the average child needs to be exposed to new material several times before it is retained, teachers must implement teaching aids in the classroom. According to the Visual Teaching Alliance, "Visual aids in the classroom improve learning by up to 400 percent." When teaching aids, such as charts, are displayed throughout the room, students are free to view them at their leisure, linger over the material, and refer to them throughout the day. Flashcards can be used as games between tables or rows of students in the classroom--this can encourage students to remember the lessons so as not to let themselves or their classmates down. Manipulatives are typically used for reinforcement of a lesson--these can benefit students of all preferred learning styles.

3.0 THE DIFFERENT TYPE OF TEACHING Types Of Teaching Aids There are various methods of teaching children. They are at an impressionable age and this creates a lot of opportunity to be creative. The montessori teaching aids are useful in aiding the classes. Firstly children love the creative aspect it brings and it also gives more clarity to the concept. When the teaching aids are to be planned for a semester, we suggest you visit our site and shop to know what is available in the latest manner. All teaching aids in the international manner are available with us. We supply to major preschools too and you will surely benefit by interacting with us. The play school equipment in the form of science games is available with us. You can teach the children parts of a tree, parts of the human body with a lot of ease with the help of the puzzles we have. Children also adore the games and puzzles that are simplified for easy use. With the possibility of children getting more eager, there are variations in the same concepts. For e.g. you can take a look at the flash cards we have for alphabets and also look at the large flip chart we have for the same? The idea is to simplify the process to make them adaptable. You can plan your lessons and days activities well if you have the best teaching aids with you. The idea of visual aids is also becoming very popular. A game of cards on the computer or even a story session with a moral means so much to children. Using a laptop you can use the several collections of games and puzzles and also order for stories from our collection. Activity based motor skills program are also available with us. We have games with conceptualized racks for keeping the items. Beading is a very interesting subject for Montessori children. You can also have some guidelines on how to use the same. We also have concepts to teach First aid to kids and also the process of germination which children look forward to during the science class.

Types Of Teaching Styles A quick review of the literature reveals a seemingly endless series of frameworks for classifying teaching styles. Daniel Pratt (2002), for example, defines five different approaches towards learners and content. Fischer and Fischer (1979) identify six categories which include Task Oriented, Cooperative Planner and Subject-Centered.. For the purposes of this orientation, we'll examine the theories of Grasha & Grasha, who divide teaching styles into four areas. After reading about these teaching styles below, you can take a quiz, which will give you some information about your preferred type of teaching style. Formal Authority - The Formal Authority approach focuses on content and can be very instructor-centered. The instructor defines the theories, principles, concepts or terms that the student needs to learn and organizes them into a sequenced set of goals or objectives. Evaluations are a necessary part of course planning as they allow the instructor to ascertain the amount of student learning that has taken place. Demonstrator - This approach concentrates on the performance of an academic procedure. The instructor defines the steps an expert in the field would use to accomplish necessary tasks as well as defines the standards which would indicate mastery in applying these procedures. The instructor then develops situations in which these steps can be performed and results observed. The instructor may be the one who demonstrates the procedures; students may be the ones practicing the procedures, or some combination of both. Facilitator - Teachers who have a facilitator model teaching style tend to focus on activities. This teaching style emphasizes student-centered learning and there is much more responsibility placed on the students to take the initiative for meeting the demands of various learning tasks. Teachers typically design group activities which necessitate active learning, student-to-student collaboration and problem solving.

Delegator - Teachers who practice a delegator teaching style tend to place control and responsibility for learning on individuals or groups of students. This
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teacher will often give students a choice in designing and implementing their own complex learning projects and will act in a consultative role. 4.0 HOW TO TEACH USING PUPPETS Puppets are an aspect of our history and everyday lives. In their different forms they appeal to both old and young alike, represent different customs and traditions and are valuable educational tools. Puppets are both entertaining and captivating. Children can believe and relate to them; they can enter and explore the fascinating inventive world that puppets create. Learning through play is fundamental to our children's education, helping them to develop the necessary skills in life. Puppets can stimulate children's imagination, encourage creative play and discovery and are a wonderful interactive way to introduce narrative to even the most reluctant reader. They can be a powerful way of bringing story time to life; puppets can provide a focus for role play, encouraging the child's imagination and involvement in activities and can play a fundamental part in the recitation of stories and verse. In addition, hand puppets with workable mouths and tongues are an excellent motivational resource to inspire the teaching of phonics within literacy. Any puppet can encourage the quietest of children to start talking. Puppets can break down barriers and provide an effective means to initiate communication. The child trusts the puppet and doesn't feel threatened by it, making it a perfect neutral medium through which they can discuss sensitive issues. The child can express thoughts, fears and feelings through the puppet that they might otherwise find difficult to voice to an adult. Puppets can assist children with special educational needs. They can motivate and support children with difficulties in communication and interaction. They can help to develop their social and motor skills, and can meet the visual, tactile and emotional needs of the individual child. Large human puppets with glove hands and fingers can be used in conjunction with the different varieties of signing, adding a further dimension in helping children with both hearing difficulties and learning disabilities.
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All puppets come to life as characters. They can portray different personalities and various traits and they cross all cultures. Puppets can share joy or sadness; they can be naughty or good, cheeky or shy; and when a child is engaged by a puppet they can learn lessons without even realising.Puppets provide an essential link between learning and play which makes them wonderful teaching tools for at home, the classroom and in the wider community.

5.0 LESSON PLAY

Stage / time

Contents

Teaching Learning Activities

Notes

Step 1 ( 8 minutes )

Asking students to reads the story of Kisah Arnab Dan Kura-Kura

1. Teacher ask students to read the story. 2. Teacher ask students to tell the character in the story

Technique : Reading Ask - answer Resource : Books

Step 2 ( 10 minutes )

Show a video based on Kisah Arnab dan KuraKura story. Video of Upin Dan Ipin

1. Teachers show a short video about the story. 2. Make sure all the students watch the video.

Technique : Showing a video

Resource : Laptop, projector and speaker

Step 3 ( 7 minutes )

Self introduction using puppet

1. Teacher ask one by one of the students to tell about the plot of the story.

Technique : Story telling

Resource : 2. Students use the puppet as a way to tell the plot of the story. Puppet

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Closure ( 5 minutes )

Ask the students about moral of the story

1. Teacher and pupils discuss about the moral of the story

Technique : Discussing and showing.

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REFERENCES http://www.csn.edu/pages/2358.asp http://www.creativityinstitute.com/puppetsineducation.aspx http://dgwaymadescience.blogspot.com/2010/10/characteristics-of-teaching-aidsaudio.html http://www.ehow.com/about_5371920_objectives-teaching-aids.html http://www.ehow.com/how_5485338_make-teaching-aids.html http://www.teachingaids.co.in/types-of-teaching-aids.htm

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