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Goljan High Yield Flash Cards

1. Tissue hypoxia can be caused by ischemia, hypoxemia, problems with the oxidative phosphorylation pathway in mitochondria, or uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria. 2. Ischemia is decreased blood flow to tissues and examples include atherosclerosis. Hypoxemia is a low partial pressure of oxygen in arteries and can be caused by ventilation problems, perfusion issues, diffusion limitations, anemia, carbon monoxide poisoning, or a left shift of the oxygen dissociation curve. 3. When cyanide and carbon monoxide cause tissue hypoxia, they inhibit complex 4 in mitochondria and impair oxidative phosphorylation, decreasing ATP production. Uncouplers render the inner mitochondrial membrane permeable to protons

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428 views2 pages

Goljan High Yield Flash Cards

1. Tissue hypoxia can be caused by ischemia, hypoxemia, problems with the oxidative phosphorylation pathway in mitochondria, or uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria. 2. Ischemia is decreased blood flow to tissues and examples include atherosclerosis. Hypoxemia is a low partial pressure of oxygen in arteries and can be caused by ventilation problems, perfusion issues, diffusion limitations, anemia, carbon monoxide poisoning, or a left shift of the oxygen dissociation curve. 3. When cyanide and carbon monoxide cause tissue hypoxia, they inhibit complex 4 in mitochondria and impair oxidative phosphorylation, decreasing ATP production. Uncouplers render the inner mitochondrial membrane permeable to protons

Uploaded by

habdulhye
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Goljan High Yield for Cell Injury USMLE 1

Study this se t o nline at: http://www.cram.co m/cards/9 520 55


ti s s u e h yp o xi a - i n a d e q u a te O 2 re a c h i n g ti s s u e s

list 5 causes of tissue hypoxia


Definition- decreased arterial blood flow to tissue and give 2 examples

1. i s h e mi a 2. h yp o xe mi a - l o w Pa O 2 3. p ro b l e ms wi th o xi d a ti ve p a th wa y i n mi to c h o n d ri a 4 u n c o u p l e s o x/p h o s i n mi to c h o n d ri a 5. AV s h u n ti n g

is chemia atheros cleros is like in MCC decreas ed cardiac output

h yp o xe mi a 1. re s p i ra to ry a c i d o s i s

def inition- low arterial partial pressure of O2. list 4 examples

2. ve ti l a ti o n p ro b l e ms l i k e i n a te l e c ta s i s (R D S, AR D S) 3. p e rfu s i o n p ro b l e ms - i n c re a s e s d e a d s p a c e p u l mo n a ry e mb o l u s 4. d i ffu s i o n - i n te rs ti ti a l fi b ro s i s i n l u n g s 5. a n e mi a 6 . CO p o iso n in g 7. me th e mo g l o b i n 8 . l e ft s h i ft o f O D C

how do CN and CO cause tissue hypoxia what do uncouplers do and list 4 examples
name 3 ways other than congenitally that a person can develop an AV shunt

inhibit complex 4 in miochondria so cause problems in ox/phos which decreases amount of AT P and causes t issue hypoxia

re n d e r i n n e r mi to c h o n d ri a l me mb ra n e p e rme a b l e to p ro to n s wh i c h d e c re a s e s ATP s yn th e s i s 1. a l c o h o l 2. s a l i c yl a te s 3. D N P 4. Va l i n o myc i n

1. AV fis tula from trauma 2. s pider angioma due to hyperes trinis m 3. mos aic bone in Paget's

list 3 main effects is there is a decrease in ATP in cell

1. cell mus t us e anaerobic glycolys is to generate ATP 2. impaired Na/K pump 3 ribos omes fall off RER

how is phosphofructokinas (PFK) activated

1. by low citrate 2. increase in AMP

Goljan High Yield for Cell Injury USMLE 1


Study this se t o nline at: http://www.cram.co m/cards/9 520 55

why is a decrease in intracellualr pH when there is a decrease in ATP

bc cell mus t us ed anaerobic glycolys is and the las t s tep is to convert pyruvate to lactate which is an acid this degenerates cell enz ymes an other proteins caus ing coagulative necros is and producing a large anion gap metabolic acidos is

what is the difference bwt O2 content, PaO2 and SaO2

O 2 co n te n t- to ta l a m o u n t o f O 2 ca r r i e d i n b l o o d P a O 2 - a m o u n t o f O 2 d i s s o l ve d i n p l a m s a S a O 2 - p e r ce n ta g e o f O 2 a ta ch e d to th e 4 h e m e g r o u p s i n Hb wi th i n RB C, n o r m a l r a n g e i s 9 4 -9 6 %

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