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CHAPTER 4 Diversity

This document summarizes key characteristics of 14 families of vascular plants, including their stems, leaves, roots, spores, gametophytes, genera, and economic importance. It provides information on features such as stem branching, leaf arrangement, spore shape and ornamentation, and uses including ornamentals, medicines, fibers, and food.

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Jean Beatriz Sta Ana
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89 views3 pages

CHAPTER 4 Diversity

This document summarizes key characteristics of 14 families of vascular plants, including their stems, leaves, roots, spores, gametophytes, genera, and economic importance. It provides information on features such as stem branching, leaf arrangement, spore shape and ornamentation, and uses including ornamentals, medicines, fibers, and food.

Uploaded by

Jean Beatriz Sta Ana
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER 4 DIVERSITY OF VASCULAR PLANTS CLASS/FAMILY w/ common name Lycopodiaceae Club-moss family STEMS Dichotomously branched rhizomes LEAVES

ES Simple, spiral, sessile or whorled ROOTS Adventitious and endogenous SPORES Globose or tetrahedral GAMETOPHYTES Mycorrhizal SPORANGIA Homosporous GENERA Huperzia Lycopodiella Lycopodium Pseudolycopodiella Phylloglossum Selaginella ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE Cultivated ornamentals, local medicinal plants, fiber plants, dyes and mordants Cultivated ornamentals and local medicinal plants Cultivated ornamentals Local medicinal plants, dye and fiber plants, weeds and edible plant parts

Sellaginellaceae Spike-Moss family

Dichotomous; erect

Simple, sessile, spiral

Adventitious and dichotomous Adventitiuos and endogenous --

--

Endosporic

Heterosporous

Isotaceae Quillwort family Equisetaceae Horsetail/ScouringRush family

Prostelic, vertically oriented, corm-like Rhizomes

Simple, spiral, in a basal rosette Small, whorled, simple, microphyllous

-Spherical, green, bearing 4 spatulate, hygrocopic elaters Tetrahedral and trilete Reniform and monolete Trilete/ monolete/ alete

Endosporic Photosynthetic and generally cushionlike

Heterosporous Homosporous

Isoetes Equisetum Hippochaete

Ophioglossaceae Adders tongue family Psilotaceae Whisk fern

Subterranean, erect

Reduced, peglike Simple, spiral, distichous

Fleshy, mycorrhizal, lack root hairs Absent

Nonphotosynthetic, mycorrhizal Nonphotosynthetic, cylindrical, saprophytic, mycorrhizal Large, thalloid, photosynthetic

Honosporous

Rhizoid bearing rhizomes/ aerial stems Rhizomatous/erect

Homosporous

Botrychium Helminthostachys Mankyua Ophioglossum Psilotum Tmesipteris

Food or medicine

Cultivated ornamentals

Marattiaceae Marattia family

Circinate venation

--

Homosporous

Angiopteris Christensenia Danaea Eupodium Marattia Ptisana

Cultivated ornamentals and food, perfume oil, alcoholic drink

MEVVS

Osmundaceae Cinnamon Fern family Hymenophyllaceae Filmy Fern family

Erect, ectophloic siphonostele Rhizomatous

1-2 pinnate, dimorphic 1 cell thick, stomata absent, cuticle absent/reduced, venation open Intermediate growth Indeterminate with an elongate, twinning and climbing rachis Ciricnate, simple or palmate, dichotomous Simple, dimorphic, aerenchymatous large

--

Gree, subglucose, trilete Green. Globose, trilete Globosetetrahedral or bilateral Tetrahedral, trielete

Large, green, cordate, superficial Filamentous/ ribbon-like

Large bodies and short stalks Basiptelous

Leptopteris Osmunda Todea Hymenophyllum Trichomanes

--

Cultivated ornamentals, and local uses for fiber and food Cultivated ornamentals

Gleicheniaceae Forking fern family Lygodiaceae Climbing fern family

Rhizomatous

--

Large, green, superficial with club-shpaed hairs Green, cordate, superficial

Round to pear shaped 1 per sorus

Dicranopteris Gleichenia Stromatopteris Lygodium

Cultivated ornamentals, fiber For fiber/mat material

Rhizomatous

--

Marsileaceae Clover fern family Salvinaceae Floating fern family

Elongate, slender, creeping rhizomes Dichotomously branched rhizomes

--

--

--

Heterosporous

Marsilea Pilularia Regnellidium Salvinia Azolla

Food and cultivated ornamentals Salvinia cultivated ornamentals Azolla control mosquito Construction material, animal food, medicinal purpose, invasive weeds, ornamental cultivars Local medicinal and important cultivars

Absent in Salvinia, present in Azolla --

--

--

Heterosporous

Cyathaceae Scaly tree fern family

Arborescent

Tetrahedral, trilete, variously ornamented

Green, cordate

Mature gradately

Alsophila Cyathea Gymnosphaera Sphaeropteris

Aspleniaceae Spleenwort family

Rhizomatous

Monomorphic

--

Reniform monolete with winged perine

--

Mixed

Asplenium

MEVVS

Dryopteridaceae Dryopteroid family

Rhizomatous

Monomorphic

--

Reniform, monolete

Mixed

Ctenitis Dryopteris Elaphoglossm Polystichum Polupodium Grammatis Adiantum (maidenhair) Acrostichum Cheilanthes Cryptogramma Pellaea Pentagramma Platyzoma Pteris vittaria

Cultivated ornamentals

Polypodiaceae Polypody family Pteridaceae Pteroid Fern family

Rhizomatous

Simple to 1pinnate Simple, pinnate, pedate or decompound

--

Hyaline to yellowish Globose or tetrahedral, trilete, ornamented

--

Mixed

edible, medicinal, flavoring plants, ornamental cultivars Cultivated ornamentals

Rhizomatous

--

--

Mixed

MEVVS

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