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Headworks Design

The document discusses the design of various components of a headwork structure including the intake structure, weir, and spillway. It provides calculations for determining the dimensions and specifications of these components based on design discharge, approach velocity, dam height, flood discharge, and other hydraulic parameters.

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919 views6 pages

Headworks Design

The document discusses the design of various components of a headwork structure including the intake structure, weir, and spillway. It provides calculations for determining the dimensions and specifications of these components based on design discharge, approach velocity, dam height, flood discharge, and other hydraulic parameters.

Uploaded by

rajeshsapkota123
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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B-I Design of headwork :

B-I. 1 Intake Structure: (0+000)


SN Calculation:
45 percentile discharge (Q45%)
Q design
approach velocity (Va)

Reference
=
=
=
=

2.25 m3/sec
1.6 Q45%
3.6 m3/sec
1 m/sec

=
=

Q design/Va
3.6 m2

=
=

1m
1.8 m

ITDG guidlines

Area of Orifice :
Area (A)
Assume 2 orifice,
Let, Height of orifice (h)
Breadth (b)

B-I. 2 Weir including Spillway:


SN Calculation:
1.

Dam Height :
Head loss at orifice (He)

clearence
Dam Height

P
X-section at the site,
length of weir (L)

2.

Reference
1 Q design

2g C u A

=
=
=
=
=

=
=

0.142 m
3He
0.426
Free board+ depth of
orifice+ clearance
0.5+1+0.426
1.926
2m

27 m

C=0.6

Energy Dissipater (Spillway):


From Gumbel analysis,
Flood discharge(Q100) =
Head over crest =
Assuming 80% of the flow through weir
Flood over crest =
0.8 Q100 =
? Hd =

82.765 m3/sec
Hd
CLHd3/2
2.2 27 He3/2
1.075 m

Weir height
so, P/Hd

= 2m
= 2 / 1.075
= 1.86 > 1.33
Since the ratio is greater than 1.33 ,velocity Head is negligible

(B-1)

Irrigation
Engineering and
Hydraulic
structures
-S.K Garg

SN Calculation:

Reference

Initial depth before jump,


Eo

=
=
=

2+1.075
3.075 m
0.95

V1

< u 2 u g(Eo - Y1)

Hence,

Or,
Or,

Q100
= < u 2 u g(Eo - Y1)
B u Y1
82.765
= 0.95 u 2 u 9.81(3.075 - Y1)
27 u Y1
? Y1 = 0.448 m

Critical depth
Yc

q2

1/ 3

?Yc = 0.98575 m
Yc should be greater than Y1, hence correct
Velocity (v1 )

Q100
B u Y1

6.842 m/sec

Froude Number,
F

V1
gY1

3.264

Y1
2

Tail water depth in subcritical flow,


Y2

> 1  8F  1@
2

?Y2 = 1.856 m
Downstream water depth,

1 2 / 3 1/ 2
Q100
R S
=
n
B u Yd
?Yd = 0.407 m
Since Y2>Yd Hence elongated jump will occur,
As F is in between 2.5-4.5 hence Type I (USBR) stilling basin is
used
Type I (USBR) stilling basin,
Length of stilling basin (Lw) = 6.1 Y2
= 11.3216 m
Pondage depth (Hd) = Y1(9+F)/9
0.61 m
Iteration due to change in Eo
Changed Eo = 3.075 + 0.61
= 3.685 m

(B-2)

Class Note

SN Calculation:

Reference

Eo
Y1
3.075+0.61
0.402
=3.685
3.075+0.574 0.40442
=3.649
3.650
0.404
3.650
0.404

V1
7.6253

F
3.8398

Y2
1.9912

Hd
0.574

7.5797

3.8054

1.9836

0.575

7.5876
7.5876

3.8113
3.8113

1.9849
1.9849

0.575
0.575

Pondage depth (Hd)


Length of stilling basin (Lw)

= .575 m
= 6.1 Y2
= 12.2 m
Height of the dam from its crest to bed of stilling basin,
= P + Hd
= 2 + 0.575
= 2.575 m
Chute design:
Y1
Width of Chute, W
Height of Chute,

Distance between the Chute

3.

Design of Weir :

i.

Weir Profile :
a. D/S Profile

=
=
=
=
=
=
=

0.4 m
Y1
0.4 m
2Y1
0.8 m
2.5W
1m

The downstream profile is given by the following equation


Xn = K x Hd (n-1) x Y
1.85

X
0
0.25
0.5
0.75
1
1.25
1.5
1.75
2
2.25
2.5
2.5178

X
2.1268
Y
0
-0.0362
-0.1304
-0.2761
-0.4702
-0.7105
-0.9955
-1.3240
-1.6950
-2.1077
-2.5613
-2.5951

(B-3)

Theory &
Design of
irrigation
Structures
(R.S.Varshney
S.C Gupta)

SN Calculation:
b. U/S Profile:
The Upstream profile is given by the following equation
(X  0.27 * H d )1.85
Y= 0.724
 0.126H d  0.4135H 0d.375 (X  0.27 H d ) 0.625
0.85
Hd

Reference

Y= 0.68083 (X  0.29025)1.85  0.13545 - 0.44336 (X  0.29025) 0.625


X
0
0.2
0.30315

ii.

Y
0.000
-0.034
-0.075

Weir Length and Thickness:


1. Length:
Total head loss (HL)
LT

=
=
=
=
=

3.095-0.407
2.688 m
C HL
9 2.688
24.192 m

L2

2.21 C H L /13

Length of stilling basin


Assume,
L2

=
=
=

12.06 m
12.2 m
12.2 m

L2+L3
12.2+L3
L3

=
=
=

18C [(Hl/13) (q/75)]


18*12[(2.688/13)*(3.0654/75)]
7.66
8m

L4

(L3/2)=4m

Total creep length,

a. Length of D/S

D/S Length L3,

U/S Length L4,

b. Thickness
= 1.35 (q2/f)1/3
= 1.35 (3.06542)1/3
= 2.85m
d/s depth = 1.5R
u/s depth = 1.25R1.5R (assume)
= 4.275
?d/s depth= u/s depth = 4.5 m
u/s depth of pile from bed = 4.5-3.075
= 1.5m
d/s depth of pile from bed = 4.5-(0.407-0.575)
= 3.5 m
From the figure and from river topography assume,
u/s depth of pile = 3.595 m
Depth of Scour,

(B-4)

Irrigation Eng.
& Hydraulic
Strutures
(Santosh
Kumar Garg)

d/s depth pile

3.575 m

(B-5)

SN Calculation:

Reference

From figure,

?Total creep length

?LT

h1

3.595+0.5+2.5495
+0.8031+1.118+.5178
+6.1+0.5+5.1+2.0616
+0.5+3.575
26.92 m > 24.192 m

b. d/s floor thickness,


For t1,

=
=

HL

u L
LT
2.688

u (3.575  .5
26.92
 2.0616  5.1  .5  6.1)
1.781 m

Thickness of D/S floor t1,


t1

=
=

=
Increase the Thickness by 10-33%
t1
for t2,
h2

=
=

h1

s 1
1.781

2.4 1
1.272 m
1.5 m

HL

u L
LT
2.688

u (3.575  .5
26.92
 2.0616  5.1)
1.1212 m

Thickness of D/S floor t2,


t2

=
=

=
Increase the Thickness by 10-33%
t2

h2

s 1
1.1212

2.4 1
0.8014 m
1m

(B-6)

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