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Chapter 13 Linear Law

The document discusses linear relationships between two variables based on experimental data provided in tables. It involves plotting graphs of the variables, determining the gradient and y-intercept to find the constants in the linear equations relating the variables, and using the line of best fit to predict values. Key steps include plotting y against x from tables of data, finding the gradient and y-intercept, determining constants p and q in equations relating the variables, and using the line of best fit on graphs to calculate unknown variable values.

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fazz_zalnia
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154 views8 pages

Chapter 13 Linear Law

The document discusses linear relationships between two variables based on experimental data provided in tables. It involves plotting graphs of the variables, determining the gradient and y-intercept to find the constants in the linear equations relating the variables, and using the line of best fit to predict values. Key steps include plotting y against x from tables of data, finding the gradient and y-intercept, determining constants p and q in equations relating the variables, and using the line of best fit on graphs to calculate unknown variable values.

Uploaded by

fazz_zalnia
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

TOPIC : LINEAR LAW

1 The table 1 below shows the values of two variables, x and y. It is known that x and y are related by the equation py + qx 2 = 4x where p constants. x y 1 3.5 2 10 4 32 Table 1 5 47.5 6 66 7 87.5 and q are

(a) Plot

y against x

x , using a scale of 2 cm to 1 unit

on the x-axis, and 2 cm to

2 units on the

y axis. Hence, draw the line of best fit. x

(b) From your graph, find the values of p and q.

The table 2 below shows the values of two variables, x and y obtained from an experiment. The variables are related by the equation ay = bx + 5 x , where a and b are constants.

x y

1 8

2 12.49 Table 2

3 16.39

5 23.42

7 29.87

(a) Explain how a straight line may be drawn to represent the given equation. (b) Plot the graph from equation (a) and estimate the values of a and b. (c) Find the value of y when x = 25.

LINEAR LAW FORM5

Table 3 shows the values of two variables, v and u, obtained from an experiment. It is known that v and u are related by the equation, u = pk v , where p and k are constants. v u 2 3.16 4 5.50 6 9.12 Table 3 (a) Plot log10 u against v by using a scale of 2 cm to 2 units on the v-axis and 2 cm to 0.2 unit on the log10 u -axis. Hence, draw the line of best fit. (b) From the graph, find the values of (i) p (ii) k (c) Find the values of u when v = 7.5 8 16.22 10 28.84 12 46.77

Table 4 shows the values of two variables, x and y, obtained from an experiment. 4 Variables, x and y, are related by the equation y = 2kx 2 + constants. x y 2 8 3 13.2 4 20 Table 4 (a) Plot 5 27.5 6 36.6 7 45.5

p x , where p and k are k

y against x by using a scale of 2 cm to 1 unit on both axes. Hence, x

draw the line of best fit. (b) Use your graph in (a) to find the value of (i) (ii) (iii) p k y when x = 1.2

PROGRAM KECEMERLANGAN SPM SMK SERI ROMPIN 2013

Page 2

LINEAR LAW FORM5

Table 5 shows the values of two variables, x and y, obtained from an experiment. 5 Variables x and y are related by the equation y = pk x +1 , where p and k are constants. x y 1 4.0 2 5.7 3 8.7 Table 5 (a) Plot log y against ( x +1) by using a scale of 2 cm to 1 unit on the ( x +1) axis and 2 cm to 0.2 unit on the log y axis. Hence, draw the line of best fit. (b) Use the graph from (a) to find value of (i) p (ii) k 4 13.2 5 20.0 6 28.8

END OF MODULE

PROGRAM KECEMERLANGAN SPM SMK SERI ROMPIN 2013

Page 3

LINEAR LAW FORM5

MODULE 12 - ANSWERS TOPIC : LINEAR LAW


PAPER 2

Question no 1.

y x

x y x

1 3.5

2 5

4 8

5 9.5

6 11

7 12.5

14

12

10

( 5 , 9.5 )

( 3 , 6.5 )

2
Y=

3
y x
4 = 2 p

4
X=

6
q p

7
c=
4 p

py + q x 2 = 4x py = - q x 2 + 4x 4x y qx 2 = + px px x qx 4 y = + p p x

m=-

c =

m=-

(9.5 6.5) q = p (5 3)

p = 2

q = - 1.5 (2)= - 3

PROGRAM KECEMERLANGAN SPM SMK SERI ROMPIN 2013

Page 4

LINEAR LAW FORM5 Question no 2


y x
1 x y x

1 8

0.71 6.25

0.58

0.45 4.68

0.38 4.27

5.46

7 ( 0.8 , 6.8 ) 6

5
( 0.4 , 4.4 )

3
c.) x = 25

1 = x

1 = 0.2, 25

y = 3.2

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1 x

ay = bx + 5 x y 5 b 1 = + x a a x y 1 b Y= X= m= x x a 5 a

c = c=

Question no 3.

5 = 2 a (6.8 4.4) ( 0. 8 0. 4) a = 2.5

m=

b = a

q = 6 (2.5)

PROGRAM KECEMERLANGAN SPM SMK SERI ROMPIN 2013

Page 5

LINEAR LAW FORM5

lg u 1.7 1.6

v lg u 2 0.5 4 0.74 6 0.96 8 1.21

10 1.46

12 1.67

1.4
( 8 , 1.21 ) c.) From graph v = 7.5, lg u = 1.16 u = 14.45

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.6

( 2.6 , 0.6 )

0.4

0.2

8
Y = lg u

10
X=v

12
m = lg k

u = pkv lg u = lg p k v = vlg k + lg p

c = lg p = 0.3 p = 2.0

c = lg p (1.21 0.6) m = lg k = (8 2.6) k = 1.3

PROGRAM KECEMERLANGAN SPM SMK SERI ROMPIN 2013

Page 6

LINEAR LAW FORM5 Question no 4.


x y x 2 4 3 4.4 4 5 5 5.5 6 6.1 7 6.5

y x

(6,6)

( 3 , 4.5 )

iii.) when x = 1.2,

from graph,

y = 3.6 x

y = 3.6(1.2) y = 4.32

1
p x k y p = 2kx + x k y = 2kx 2 +

2
Y=

3
y x

4
X=

6
c= p k

m = 2k

c =

p = 3 0.25 p = 0.75

m = 2k =

(6 4.5) (6 3) 0. 5 k = = 0.25 2

lg y

Question no 5.
Y = lg y X = x +1 m = lg k c = lg p ( 1 . 2 0 .6 lg = p + (x+1)lg k when PROGRAM KECEMERLANGAN SMK 4 SERI ROMPIN Page 7) 2 3SPM 5 2013 6 7 xy + 1lg c.) x = 1.2, c = lg p = 0.25 m = lg k = y (x+1)lgk lg lg y = + lg p from (5 .5 2) 0.602 0.756 1.120 1.301 1.460 graph, x + 0.940 1 = 2.2 x+1 1.778 = 1.484 1 2 ( 2 , 0.6 3 ) lg y 4= 0.64p =5 ( 5.5 6 , 1.2 k )7

0 0.2 1.6 1.2 0.8 0.4 1.4 1.0 0.6

y = 4.37

LINEAR LAW FORM5

PROGRAM KECEMERLANGAN SPM SMK SERI ROMPIN 2013

Page 8

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