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ASSEMBLY DRAWINGS
Introduction Detail drawing Information in detail drawing Recommended practice for detailed drawing Example of detailed drawing Assembly drawing Types of assembly drawing Procedure for making assembly drawing Part list / bill of material General practices
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INTRODUCTION
A drawing which provides complete information for the manufacture of a machine or structure is called Working drawing Working drawing is also known as Production drawing Working drawing completely describes the shape, sixe and specifications for the kind of material, method A of finish, set of of accuracy working Detail required for the a an
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fabrication of the product etc complete drawings drawing for machine consists and

Assembly drawing

DETAIL DRAWING A Detail or Part drawing is nothing but a production or component drawing, furnishing complete information for the construction or manufacture of the part. Detail drawing usually carries following information: (1) Shape description (2) Size description (3) Specifications (4) General/Additional information
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INFORMATION IN DETAIL DRAWING (1) Shape description: This refers to the selection of number of views to describe the shape of the part. The part may be drawn in either pictorial or orthographic projection. Auxiliary views and enlarged detailed views may be added to the drawing in order to provide a clear image of the part. This information is provided with object/parts view(s)

INFORMATION IN DETAIL DRAWING (2) Size description Size and location of the shape features are shown by proper dimensioning. The manufacturing process will influence the selection of some dimensions, such as datum feature, tolerances, etc. This information is provided with object/parts view(s)

INFORMATION IN DETAIL DRAWING

(3) Specifications: This includes special notes, material, heat treatment, surface finish, general tolerances and number of parts required. All this information is mostly located near the title block in the form of notes/tables (4) General/Additional information: Information come under such as drawing number, scale, is method of projection, date, names of the parts additional information which included in the title block. All this information is included in the title block in title block
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RECOMMENDED PRACTICE FOR DETAIL DRAWING

Draw one part to one sheet of paper. If not the case, apply enough spacing between parts. Draw all parts using the same scale, otherwise, the scale should be clearly mentioned under each parts drawing. Standard parts such as bolt, nut, pin, bearing do not require detail drawings.

EXAMPLE OF DETAIL DRAWING

1. Orthographic views 2. Dimensions & Tolerances 3. Surface finishing Title block General note Gen. tolerance Projection Revision table

ASSEMBLY DRAWING
An Assembly drawing one that displays the parts

of a machine unit assembled in in their relative

working positions. The Assembly drawing usually carries following information: (1) Main view(s) of the machine to show the best assembly (2) Overall dimensions and important centre to centre distances (3) Identification of different parts (4) Necessary sections (5) Parts list, notes, titles etc
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ASSEMBLY DRAWING An Assembly drawing may be;

(1) Designed assembly drawing

(2) Working assembly drawing (3) Group assembly drawing (4) Installation assembly drawing

(5) Exploded pictorial assembly drawing

(6) Check assembly drawing

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TYPES OF ASSEMBLY DRAWING

(1)Design assembly drawing: An assembly

drawing prepared at the design stage and on a

large scale mode is called designed assembly drawing (2) Working assembly drawing: This is a complete set of working drawing of a machine, comprising of detailed drawings, giving all necessary information for the production of individual parts and assembly drawing showing the location of each part.
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DESIGN ASSEMBLY

GENERAL ASSEMBLY

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SUBASSEMBLY OR GROUP ASSEMBLY

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TYPES OF ASSEMBLY DRAWING

(3) Group/Sub-assembly assembly drawing:

When it is impossible to show the relationship

of all the parts in some complicated structures in a single assembly drawing, such mechanisms are divided in to groups of parts. (4) Installation assembly drawing: An assembly which is made for the specific purpose of showing how to erect or install a structure drawing.
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is

called

installation

assembly

TYPES OF ASSEMBLY DRAWING

(5) Exploded pictorial assembly drawing:
Exploded pictorial assembly drawings are used frequently in the parts list section of company catalogs and instruction manuals. Those with very little experience in reading multi-view drawings easily understand drawings of this type (6) Check assembly drawing: The drawings made for checking the correctness of the details and their relationship in assembly are known as check assembly drawings
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GENERAL ASSEMBLY DRAWING

PICTORIAL

ORTHOGRAPHIC

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GENERAL ASSEMBLY DRAWING

Only dimensions relate to machines operation are given.

Only dimensions relate to machines operation are given

in tabulated form (not shown).

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GENERAL ASSEMBLY DRAWING

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DETAILED DRAWING

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EXPLODED ASSEMBLY DRAWING

PICTORIAL REPRESENTATION Finished product

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EXPLODED ASSEMBLY DRAWING

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EXPLODED ASSEMBLY DRAWING

ORTHOGRAPHIC REPRESENTATION

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PROCEDURE FOR MAKING ASSEMBLY DRAWING

Following steps should be followed to make an

assembly drawing from detail drawing;

(1)Study functional requirements of each component and their inter-relationship (2)Decide relative positions of various parts depending upon their function, shape and size using detailed drawing (3)Examine external and internal feature of each part (4)Select suitable scale for the entire assembly drawing based on overall dimensions of assembly. the
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PROCEDURE FOR MAKING ASSEMBLY DRAWING

(5)Layout the views of the assembly drawing so

that it becomes easier to understand.

(6)Draw main part of the machine first and then draw the remaining parts in the sequence of assembly (7)Project the other views from the main view (8)Mark the overall dimensions and part numbers on the drawing (9)Prepare the bill of material/parts list and complete the title block (10) Draw section lines according to convention (11) Show required fits and tolerances
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REQUIRED INFORMATION IN ASSEMBLY DRAWING 1. All parts, drawn in their operating position. 2. Part list (or bill of materials, BOM) 1. Item number 2. Part Name 3. Material 4. Quantity required 5. Remarks 3. Leader lines with balloons around part numbers. 4. Machining and assembly operations and critical dimensions related to operation of the machine.
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PLACING INFORMATION IN ASSEMBLY DRAWING

- Assembled parts - Reference numbers

Part list
General notes Title block

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PART LIST / BILL OF MATERIALS Contains the information regarding no. of parts, part name, part material, required quantity. Location is above or beside the title block. Usually starts from bottom.
3 2 1 SR. NO. Swivel plate Spring Base plate C.I. Steel M.S. 01 01 01

PART NAME MATERIAL NO. OFF REMARKS PARTS LIST

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GENERAL PRACTICES EXAMPLE : Selection of a necessary view

Given

Part A Student A Student B

Part B

Which is an appropriate view for assembly drawing ?

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GENERAL PRACTICES

Hidden lines usually omit unless they are

absolutely necessary to illustrate some

important feature that the reader might otherwise miss.

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GENERAL PRACTICES

EXAMPLE : Hidden lines omit or not ?

A

Part A

C
Part B

Good

Poor

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GENERAL PRACTICES

EXAMPLE : Hidden lines omit or not ?

A
Part A

Part B

Good

Poor

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GENERAL PRACTICES EXAMPLE : Hidden lines omit or not ?

Part A

Part B

Good

Poor

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GENERAL PRACTICES

Section technique is usually need to clarify

mating of the parts. Use different section line styles for adjacent parts. Correct

Part A

Better
Part B Color
OFF ON
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GENERAL PRACTICES

Do not draw section lines on sectional view of standard parts. - Threaded fastener - Washer - (longitudinal cut of) Solid shaft, Pin, Key

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GENERAL PRACTICES EXAMPLE 1 : Assembly steps

1 CLEVIS, Steel, 1 REQD.

2 ARM, Steel, 1 REQD.

3 PIN, Steel, 1 REQD.

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GENERAL PRACTICES EXAMPLE : Section line practice

B
Which is an appropriate full section view of this assembly ?

Good
Color

Poor
OFF ON
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GENERAL PRACTICES EXAMPLE 2 : Assembly steps

1 SUPPORT, Steel, 1 REQD.

2 SHAFT, Steel, 1 REQD.

3 TAPER PIN, Steel, 1 REQD.

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GENERAL PRACTICES EXAMPLE : Section line practice

Which is an appropriate full section view of this assembly ?

Good
Color

Poor
OFF ON
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GENERAL PRACTICES EXAMPLE 3 : Assembly steps

2 ARM, Steel, 1 REQD.

1 CLEVIS, Steel, 1 REQD.

3 PIN, Steel, 1 REQD.

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GENERAL PRACTICES EXAMPLE : Section line practice

C
Which is an appropriate section view of the joint ?

Good
Color

Poor
OFF ON
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GENERAL PRACTICES

Drawn from the inside of the part to the balloon

and placed a filled circle at the beginning of a line.

Drawn in the oblique direction.

1 2

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EXAMPLE

GENERAL PRACTICES

Bearing Cap screw Cover plate Housing

Shaft

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GENERAL PRACTICES INTERPRETING ASSEMBLY DRAWING

1. Assemble steps

2. Function of each part in machine 3. Design concept

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GENERAL PRACTICES

EXAMPLE 1 : Shaft support on a machine housing

Assemble steps
1. Install bearing to the shaft.
2. Install the bearing-shaft unit to the housing. 3. Install the cover plate. 4. Tighten the screw.

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GENERAL PRACTICES

EXAMPLE 1 : Shaft support on a machine housing

Functions of main parts 1. Bearing : Support the rotating shaft. 2. Cover : - Control an axial movement. - Prevent the bearing unit from rotation.

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GENERAL PRACTICES EXAMPLE 1 : Shaft support on a machine housing

Design concept Avoid direct contact between rotating shaft and housing as well as cover plate by using a bearing and clearance holes.

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GENERAL PRACTICES

EXAMPLE 2 : Leakage prevention unit

Assemble steps 1. Wrap a packing to the shaft.

2. Install studs to the casing.

3. Install the gland ring where its holes align with stud. 4. Place the washer and tightening the nut.
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Gland

Casing Packing

GENERAL PRACTICES

EXAMPLE 2 : Leakage prevention unit Function

1. Packing : - Preventing the leakage of a fluid inside the casing. 2. Gland : - Press the packing to make it radial expand and press the Casing shaft surface.
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Gland

Packing

GENERAL PRACTICES

EXAMPLE 2 : Leakage prevention unit Design concept

Avoid direct contact between rotating shaft and casing as well as gland rings hole.

Gland

Casing Packing
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GENERAL PRACTICES

EXAMPLE 3 : Fixing parts on a shaft.

Assemble steps

1. Place the keys on the key seats.

2. Insert the parts to the shaft until their surfaces lean against the shoulder.

3. Insert collar and then pin or retaining ring into the groove.
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GENERAL PRACTICES

EXAMPLE 3 : Fixing parts on a shaft.

Function 1. Key : - Preventing rotational movement of parts. 2. Pin and retaining ring : - Prevent axial movement of parts on the shaft.

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GENERAL PRACTICES

EXAMPLE : Fixing parts on a shaft.

Design concept Retaining ring can resist lower axial force than collar & pin unit.

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GENERAL PRACTICES EXAMPLE : Parts with tapered holes on tapered shaft.

Assemble steps 1. Insert the part on the tapered end of the shaft. 2. Insert the washer (non-standard). 3. Tightening the nut.

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GENERAL PRACTICES EXAMPLE : Parts with tapered holes on tapered shaft.

Function

1. Washer : - Improve the distribution the tightening force on the part.

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GENERAL PRACTICES
EXAMPLE : Parts with tapered holes on tapered shaft. Design concept

Length of the tapered

portion and depth of the tapered hole require a calculation.

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GENERAL PRACTICES

EXAMPLE : Parts having preloaded spring

Assemble steps Spring in free length 1. Insert the spring into the casing. 2. Tighten the rod to the spring loader. 3. Close the cap and tighten.

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GENERAL PRACTICES

EXAMPLE : Parts having preloaded spring

Function 1. Spring plunger : - Transmit a force from rod to spring. - Keep the spring in a position.

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GENERAL PRACTICES

EXAMPLE : Parts having preloaded spring

Design concept Spring plunger has a spherical surface contacts to the cap;

therefore, the rod can align

itself to original position.

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