Contents Introduction And Objective Safety Tools And Materials Working Steps Problems encountered Conclusions

Introduction -Fitting refers to the mating of two mechanical components.Manufactured parts are very frequently required to mate with oneanother. They may be designed to slide freely against one another or they may be designed to bind together to form a single unit. Themost common fit found in the machine shop is that of a shaft in ahole. There are three general categories of fits: 1) Clearance fits for when it may be desirable for the shaft to rotateor slide freely within the hole, this is usually referred to as a"sliding fit." 2) Interference fits for when it is desirable for the shaft to besecurely held within the hole, this is usually referred to as aninterference fitand 3) Transition fits for when it is desirable that the shaft to be heldsecurely, yet not so securely that it cannot be disassembled, this isusually referred to as a Location or Transition fit.Within each category of fit there are several classes ranging fromhigh precision and narrow tolerance (allowance) to lower precisionand wider tolerance. The choice of fit is dictated first by the useand secondly by the manufacturability of the parts. Objective - Know basic workshop processes.- Read and interpret job drawing.- Identify, select and use various marking, measuring, holding,striking and cutting tools & equipments.Operate, control different machines and equipments.- Inspect the job for specified dimensionsProduce jobs as per specified dimensions.- Adopt safety practices while working on various machines. Safety Precautions -Keep proper discipline in the shop -Do not play with the tools because they are sharp -All files should be fitted with suitable handle at end of file .-When using Hacksaw,check its teeth should be sharp and forward position -When using chisel its direction should be kept away from other working persons .-When files are of faward cut,then only apply the force in forwardstroke not in backward and vice versa .-When using Hacksaw check its blade with must be fitted in pins properly. - Clean up oil and grease or other liquid which spills on the flour otherwise they may be a cause of accident. -Do not wear any neck tie,jewelery,rings,watches during in theworking in shops

Tools & Materials Fitting Tools: -The tools used in fitting shop may be classified into followinggroups. -Measuring-Holding-Cutting-Striking-Drilling-Marking

Materials : Mild Steel (170mm x 50mm)

Measuring Tools Steel Ruler It is a cliff straight steel strip having all faces machined true. Oneof flat face graduation mark andin inches and also in centimeters. It is used to set out dimensions. TrySquare It consists of steel blade fixed at right angle to the edge of cast ironstock.It is used for checking of right angles,the squareness andsurface and also draw line at right angle. Scriber It is made of steel and one end is sharp pointed and other end issimilar but bent. This tool is used for scribing line on work piece. Centre Punch A punch is primarily a marking tool used in bench work andknown as center punch, this tool isused for making center for turning on lathe machine as well as for centering of holes for drilling. Holding Tools Bench Vice The bench vice is very essential tool in every shop but commonlyused in fitting shop. It is used for holding and attaching the work to the bench. It has two jaws, one is fixed and other is movable. Cutting ToolsFile The file is harden piece of high grade steel or high carbon steelwith slating saws. It is used for cut smooth or fit metal parts. It isused to cut the metal expected harden steel and it is used inforward stroke. Types of Files Flat File It has double cut on both sides and single on both edges. It ismostly used for general work and filing flat surfaces. A largeamount of metal can be removed with this file, and they don't produce smooth surfaces. Square File It is double cut file on all sides, and used for enlarging square holesand filing of slats and key ways. Triangular File Its section is triangular and faces are double cut and edges aresingle cut. Its each side on 60 degrees. It is used for filing internalangles, shoulders or corners and for sharpening wood workingsaws. Round File

Round file is also usually double cut. It is used for enlarging holes,slots, concave and for enlarging the holes. Hack Saw The hack saw is chief cutting tool used for cutting rods, bars, pipesinto desired length. It consist of metal frame the blades which fitsover two pins. The wing nut of the frame is used for tensioning the blade. The blades are made of high carbon or high speed steel. Themost useful blade for handwork is 30 cm long and 12-24 mm width(24 teeth). Striking Tools All types of hammers are called striking tools. It consists of headface, peen and a handle. Its head is made of plane carbon steel andhave both end hardened and tapered. Its handle is made of wood. Types of Hammer Ball Peen Hammer The ball peen hammers peen is like as a ball, therefore it is called ball peen hammer. It is used for riveting. Cross Peen Hammer The cross peen hammer is used hammering into shoulders or hammering inside curves for bending or stretching metals. Drilling is acutting process that uses adrill bitto cut or enlarge a hole insolid materials. Marking tools Vernier height gauge A height gauge is a measuring device used either for determiningthe height of something, or for repetitious marking of items to beworked on. Angle plates is a work holding device used as a fixture in metalworking

JALAN KERJA

Problems Encountered Cutting on the work pieces not straight Solution: hold hack saw on proper way. Tilt the hack saw 45 from the workpiece when cutting. Lack of accuracy on measurement Solution : Make sure the surface of work piece flat when marking using angle plate and vernier height gauge.non flat surface will affect the measurement and also the shape. Work pieces not in required shape or not fit each other. Solution : Make sure the surface of work piece flat when marking using angle plate and vernier height gauge.non flat surface will affect the measurement and also the shape Conclusion On the end of this Fitting project I had learn how to useequipment and machinery such as files, center punch, vernier height gauge and drilling machine.I also learned how to conduct a project and finish its report.I also learned the importance of fitting process in engineering field Conclusion On the end of this Fitting project I had learn how to useequipment and machinery such as files, center punch, vernier height gauge and drilling machine.I also learned how to conduct a project and finish its report.I also learned the importance of fitting process in engineering field

Conclusion On the end of this Fitting project I had learn how to useequipment and machinery such as files, center punch, vernier height gauge and drilling machine. I also learned how to conduct a project and finish its report.I also learned the importance of fitting process in engineering field