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    Problem 7.13 Levenspiel 3 Edition, Page 166

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    Sachin Shinkar
    For an isothermal irreversible reaction system where A decomposes into R and S, operating the system with two continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) of equal size will maximize the production rate of R. With a feed concentration of 4 mol/L A, the optimal concentrations leaving the first and second CSTRs are 1.9240 mol/L for A and 0.7100 mol/L for A, respectively. The maximum production rate of R occurs at a concentration of 1.8701 mol/L leaving the second reactor.

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    Problem 7.13 Levenspiel 3 Edition, Page 166

    Uploaded by

    Sachin Shinkar
    106 views3 pages
    For an isothermal irreversible reaction system where A decomposes into R and S, operating the system with two continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) of equal size will maximize the production rate of R. With a feed concentration of 4 mol/L A, the optimal concentrations leaving the first and second CSTRs are 1.9240 mol/L for A and 0.7100 mol/L for A, respectively. The maximum production rate of R occurs at a concentration of 1.8701 mol/L leaving the second reactor.

    Original Description:

    LIVENSPIEL PROBLEM

    Original Title

    Problem7.13Levenspiel3rdEdition,page166.pdf

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    For an isothermal irreversible reaction system where A decomposes into R and S, operating the system with two continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) of equal size will maximize the production rate of R. With a feed concentration of 4 mol/L A, the optimal concentrations leaving the first and second CSTRs are 1.9240 mol/L for A and 0.7100 mol/L for A, respectively. The maximum production rate of R occurs at a concentration of 1.8701 mol/L leaving the second reactor.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    106 views3 pages

    Problem 7.13 Levenspiel 3 Edition, Page 166

    Uploaded by

    Sachin Shinkar
    For an isothermal irreversible reaction system where A decomposes into R and S, operating the system with two continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) of equal size will maximize the production rate of R. With a feed concentration of 4 mol/L A, the optimal concentrations leaving the first and second CSTRs are 1.9240 mol/L for A and 0.7100 mol/L for A, respectively. The maximum production rate of R occurs at a concentration of 1.8701 mol/L leaving the second reactor.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    Problem 7.

    13 Levenspiel 3rd Edition, page 166


    In an isothermal irreversible constant-volume reaction system, A decomposes as:
    k
    1 R;

    A
    k2
    S;

    mol
    s litre

    ( rR ) = ( CA )

    mol

    ( rS ) = 1.0 s litre

    mol
    , what size ratio of two CSTR will maximise the production
    A0
    litre
    rate of R ? Also give the composition of A and R leaving these two reactors.
    For a feed steam with C

    =4.0

    Answer:

    Let C

    and C
    be the concentrations in CSTR1 and CSTR2, respectively. This means, the outlet
    A1
    A2
    concentration of CSTR1 is C
    and the outlet concentration of CSTR2 is C .
    A1
    A2

    (R A) =

    dC
    r
    moles of R formed
    = R = R
    moles of A reacted
    dC
    r
    A
    A

    Assuming there are no R and S present in the fed of CSTR1, we can write the following from
    material balance,

    = A1 4 C
    + A2 C C
    R2 C + 1
    A1 C
    A2
    + 1 A1
    A1
    A2

    For maximum productivity of R, take the derivative of C w.r.t. C


    and equate to zero. This is
    R
    A1
    mathematically correct only if C
    is constant. This simply means that the analysis holds for a
    A2
    given value of C .
    A2
    C2
    C

    A1
    A1 + A2 C C
    C
    =
    R2
    A2
    C
    C +1
    + 1 A1
    A1
    A2
    C + 1 4 2C
    4C C2 (1) C
    dC

    A1
    A1
    A1
    A1
    R

    =
    + A2 (1) = 0
    C
    dC
    +1
    C +1 2
    A1
    A2
    A1
    C

    5
    5
    1

    1 + A2 = 0
    =
    2
    2 C
    C
    +1
    +1
    C +1
    C +1
    A2
    A2
    A1
    A1
    4C

    )(

    A1

    )2 = 5 ( CA2 + 1) CA1 = 5 ( CA2 + 1)

    +1

    0.5

    AVP / Page 1 of 3

    Assuming various values of C


    C

    , find out C
    R2
    R2, max
    the known interval.

    , we can calculate C and C . From the trend in the values of


    A2
    A1
    R2
    . Once a gross estimate is known, the value can be refined further within

    = A1 4 C
    ; C = 4C C ; C = 4C
    C
    R1 C + 1
    A1
    S1
    A1
    R1
    S2
    A2
    R2
    A1

    The following table will explain the problem solving methodology. Initial guess: C
    CA2

    CA1

    CR2

    0.5000
    0.6000
    0.6100
    0.6200
    0.6300
    0.6400
    0.6500
    0.6600
    0.6700
    0.6800
    0.6900
    0.7000
    0.7100
    0.7200
    0.7300
    0.7400
    0.7500
    0.7600
    0.7700
    0.7800
    0.7900
    0.8000

    1.7386
    1.8284
    1.8373
    1.8460
    1.8548
    1.8636
    1.8723
    1.8810
    1.8896
    1.8983
    1.9069
    1.9155
    1.9240
    1.9326
    1.9411
    1.9496
    1.9580
    1.9665
    1.9749
    1.9833
    1.9917
    2.0000

    1.8485
    1.8645
    1.8655
    1.8664
    1.8672
    1.8678
    1.8684
    1.8689
    1.8694
    1.8697
    1.8699
    1.8700
    1.8701
    1.8700
    1.8699
    1.8697
    1.8694
    1.8690
    1.8685
    1.8680
    1.8674
    1.8667

    (CR2) = difference between


    consecutive CR2 values

    0.0159
    0.0010
    0.0009
    0.0008
    0.0007
    0.0006
    0.0005
    0.0004
    0.0003
    0.0002
    0.0001
    0.0000
    0.0000
    -0.0001
    -0.0002
    -0.0003
    -0.0004
    -0.0005
    -0.0005
    -0.0006
    -0.0007

    A2

    = 0.5

    CR1

    CS1

    CS2

    1.4356
    1.4038
    1.4005
    1.3971
    1.3938
    1.3904
    1.3869
    1.3835
    1.3800
    1.3766
    1.3731
    1.3695
    1.3660
    1.3624
    1.3589
    1.3553
    1.3517
    1.3480
    1.3444
    1.3407
    1.3370
    1.3333

    0.8257
    0.7678
    0.7623
    0.7568
    0.7514
    0.7461
    0.7408
    0.7355
    0.7303
    0.7252
    0.7201
    0.7150
    0.7100
    0.7050
    0.7001
    0.6952
    0.6903
    0.6855
    0.6807
    0.6760
    0.6713
    0.6667

    1.6515
    1.5355
    1.5245
    1.5136
    1.5028
    1.4922
    1.4816
    1.4711
    1.4606
    1.4503
    1.4401
    1.4300
    1.4199
    1.4100
    1.4001
    1.3903
    1.3806
    1.3710
    1.3615
    1.3520
    1.3426
    1.3333

    = 1.9240; C
    = 0.7100 . From these values,
    A1
    A2
    the space times for both CSTRs can be computed as follows:

    Therefore, for the maximum productivity of R: C

    ( CA0 CA1 ) = ( CA0 CA1 ) = ( 4 1.9240 ) = 0.7100 s


    C +1
    1.9240 + 1
    ( rA )
    A
    ( C CA2 ) = ( CA1 CA2 ) = (1.9240 0.7100 ) = 0.7100 s
    = A1
    2
    C
    0.7100 + 1
    +1
    ( rA2 )
    A2
    =
    1

    mol
    , a size ratio of 1:1 will
    Sine = , it can be concluded that for a feed steam with C =4.0
    1 2
    A0
    litre
    maximise the production rate of R. The summary of various concentrations is as:
    AVP / Page 2 of 3

    mol
    mol
    mol
    = 0.7100
    ; C = 1.9240
    ;C
    A0
    A1
    A2
    lit
    lit
    lit
    mol
    mol
    mol
    = 0.0
    = 1.8701
    C
    ; C = 1.3660
    ;C
    R0
    R1
    R2
    lit
    lit
    lit
    mol
    mol
    mol
    C = 0.0
    ; C = 0.7100
    ; C = 1.4199
    S0
    S1
    S2
    lit
    lit
    lit
    C

    = 4.0

    AVP / Page 3 of 3

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