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    Predictions of The Maxwell Model: T D T e T

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    Shawn Waltz
    1. The Maxwell model can predict shear viscosity and the buildup of stresses during start-up shear, but fails to predict shear thinning or normal stresses. 2. For step shear strain, the Maxwell model predicts a relaxation function but no normal stresses. The relaxation function shows a gradual decrease in stress over time. 3. Experimental data on polystyrene solutions does not match the relaxation function predicted by the Maxwell model, showing limitations in its ability to model complex fluid behavior.

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    Predictions of The Maxwell Model: T D T e T

    Uploaded by

    Shawn Waltz
    21 views4 pages
    1. The Maxwell model can predict shear viscosity and the buildup of stresses during start-up shear, but fails to predict shear thinning or normal stresses. 2. For step shear strain, the Maxwell model predicts a relaxation function but no normal stresses. The relaxation function shows a gradual decrease in stress over time. 3. Experimental data on polystyrene solutions does not match the relaxation function predicted by the Maxwell model, showing limitations in its ability to model complex fluid behavior.

    Original Description:

    Rheology Lecture 29

    Original Title

    Lecture 29

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    1. The Maxwell model can predict shear viscosity and the buildup of stresses during start-up shear, but fails to predict shear thinning or normal stresses. 2. For step shear strain, the Maxwell model predicts a relaxation function but no normal stresses. The relaxation function shows a gradual decrease in stress over time. 3. Experimental data on polystyrene solutions does not match the relaxation function predicted by the Maxwell model, showing limitations in its ability to model complex fluid behavior.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    21 views4 pages

    Predictions of The Maxwell Model: T D T e T

    Uploaded by

    Shawn Waltz
    1. The Maxwell model can predict shear viscosity and the buildup of stresses during start-up shear, but fails to predict shear thinning or normal stresses. 2. For step shear strain, the Maxwell model predicts a relaxation function but no normal stresses. The relaxation function shows a gradual decrease in stress over time. 3. Experimental data on polystyrene solutions does not match the relaxation function predicted by the Maxwell model, showing limitations in its ability to model complex fluid behavior.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    1

    Predictions of the (single-mode) Maxwell Model


    Faith A. Morrison, Michigan Tech U.
    Steady shear
    0
    2 1
    0
    = =
    = Fails to predict shear normal
    stresses.
    Fails to predict shear-thinning.
    }



    |
    .
    |

    \
    |
    =
    t
    t t
    t d t e t ) ( ) (
    / ) ( 0





    0
    0
    =

    +
    t G
    Steady
    elongation
    0
    3 = Troutons rule
    Steady shear viscosity and first
    normal stress coefficient
    0.1
    1
    10
    100
    0.1 1 10 100
    stress, Pa
    1
    ,

    s
    Figure 6.5, p. 173 Binnington
    and Boger; PIB soln
    s Pa ,
    2
    1
    , s Pa
    Faith A. Morrison, Michigan Tech U.
    There are some
    systems with a
    constant
    viscosity but
    still start-up
    effects.
    BOGER FLUIDS
    2
    0.1
    1
    10
    100
    1000
    0.01 0.1 1 10 100
    s
    t
    e
    a
    d
    y

    s
    h
    e
    a
    r

    m
    a
    t
    e
    r
    i
    a
    l

    f
    u
    n
    c
    t
    i
    o
    n
    s

    1
    (Pa s
    2
    )
    (Pa)

    2
    (Pa s
    2
    )
    PS/TCP squares
    PS/DOP circles
    1
    ,

    s
    Steady shear viscosity and first and
    second normal stress coefficient
    Figure 6.6, p. 174 Magda et
    al.; PS solns
    Faith A. Morrison, Michigan Tech U.
    BOGER FLUIDS
    Step Shear Strain Material Functions
    0
    0
    constant
    0
    0
    0
    0
    lim ) (

    = =

    <
    <
    =


    t
    t
    t
    t
    Kinematics:
    123
    2
    0
    0
    ) (
    |
    |
    |
    .
    |

    \
    |

    x t
    v

    Material Functions:
    0
    0 21
    0
    ) , (
    ) , (

    t
    t G

    ( )
    2
    0
    22 11
    1

    G
    ( )
    2
    0
    33 22
    2

    G
    Relaxation
    modulus
    First normal-stress
    relaxation modulus
    Second normal-
    stress relaxation
    modulus
    Faith A. Morrison, Michigan Tech U.
    3
    Predictions of the (single-mode) Maxwell Model
    Faith A. Morrison, Michigan Tech U.
    Shear start-up ( )
    0 ) ( ) (
    1 ) (
    2 1
    /
    0
    = =
    =
    + +
    +
    t t
    e t
    t

    }



    |
    .
    |

    \
    |
    =
    t
    t t
    t d t e t ) ( ) (
    / ) ( 0

    Does predict a gradual


    build-up of stresses on
    start-up.



    0
    0
    =

    +
    t G
    Step shear
    strain
    0
    ) (
    2 1
    / 0
    = =
    =

    G G
    e t G
    t

    Does predict a reasonable


    relaxation function in step
    strain (but no normal
    stresses again).
    0.0
    0.2
    0.4
    0.6
    0.8
    1.0
    1.2
    0 2 4 6 8 10
    ( )
    o
    t G

    t
    0.001
    0.01
    0.1
    1
    0.01 0.1 1 10
    ( )
    o
    t G

    t
    Faith A. Morrison, Michigan Tech U.
    Step-Shear-Strain Material Function G(t) for Maxwell Model
    4
    10
    100
    1,000
    10,000
    1 10 100 1,000 10,000
    time, s
    G(t), Pa
    Faith A. Morrison, Michigan Tech U.
    Comparison to experimental data
    Figure 8.4, p. 274 data from Einaga et al., PS
    20% soln in chlorinated diphenyl

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