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    Concrete T Beam Design

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    Rajesh Raman
    This document summarizes the design of a concrete T-beam according to ACI 318-08 standards. It calculates the moment capacity (Phi*Mn) in 3 steps: (1) constructing stress/strain diagrams and determining depth parameters, (2) using equilibrium to solve for the depth of the compression block, and (3) applying moment equilibrium to calculate the nominal moment capacity. It is determined that the section is tension controlled and that the assumptions of steel yield are correct. Minimum steel requirements are also checked.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Concrete T Beam Design

    Uploaded by

    Rajesh Raman
    358 views8 pages
    This document summarizes the design of a concrete T-beam according to ACI 318-08 standards. It calculates the moment capacity (Phi*Mn) in 3 steps: (1) constructing stress/strain diagrams and determining depth parameters, (2) using equilibrium to solve for the depth of the compression block, and (3) applying moment equilibrium to calculate the nominal moment capacity. It is determined that the section is tension controlled and that the assumptions of steel yield are correct. Minimum steel requirements are also checked.

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    Design of concrete beam

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    This document summarizes the design of a concrete T-beam according to ACI 318-08 standards. It calculates the moment capacity (Phi*Mn) in 3 steps: (1) constructing stress/strain diagrams and determining depth parameters, (2) using equilibrium to solve for the depth of the compression block, and (3) applying moment equilibrium to calculate the nominal moment capacity. It is determined that the section is tension controlled and that the assumptions of steel yield are correct. Minimum steel requirements are also checked.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    358 views8 pages

    Concrete T Beam Design

    Uploaded by

    Rajesh Raman
    This document summarizes the design of a concrete T-beam according to ACI 318-08 standards. It calculates the moment capacity (Phi*Mn) in 3 steps: (1) constructing stress/strain diagrams and determining depth parameters, (2) using equilibrium to solve for the depth of the compression block, and (3) applying moment equilibrium to calculate the nominal moment capacity. It is determined that the section is tension controlled and that the assumptions of steel yield are correct. Minimum steel requirements are also checked.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 8

    Concrete T Beam Design ACI 318-08

    This example walks through the design of a concrete T beam with the depth of the compression block less than the depth of the flange Given: fc = 4,000 psi fy = 60 ksi

    Required: Determine the moment capacity, Mn of the section

    Assumptions: 1. 2. 3. 4. Plain sections remain plain (ACI 318-08 section 10.2.2) Maximum concrete strain at extreme compression fiber = 0.003 (ACI section 10.2.3) Tensile strength of concrete is neglected (10.2.5) Compression steel is neglected in this calculation.

    Friday, August 10, 12

    Concrete T Beam Design ACI 318-08

    Lets start by constructing the stress and strain diagrams:

    Next, well calculate d, the depth from the extreme compression fiber to the center of reinforcement in the tensile zone.

    Friday, August 10, 12

    Concrete T Beam Design ACI 318-08


    Next, we want to use equilibrium to solve for a, the depth of the Whitney stress block From the rules of equilibrium we know that C must equal T, C = T

    First, lets determine if a is less than tf by calculating C for a = tf and comparing it to T:

    - C = 0.85 x fc x b x tf = 0.85 x 4 ksi x 12in x 4in = 163.2 kip - T = As x fy = 3 x 0.44 in2 x 60 ksi = 79.2 kip (this assumes the steel yields) - C is greater than T for a = tf, therefore we know that a must be less than tf
    The calculations for this t beam will now resemble those of a rectangular beam with b=24

    - C = 0.85 x fc x b x a
    Defined in ACI section 10.2.7.1 b = width of compression zone a = depth of Whitney stress block

    - C = 0.85 x 4,000psi x 24 x a = 81,600 lb/in x a - T = fs x As


    fs = stress in the steel (we make the assumption that the steel yields, and will later confirm if it does). As = area of tensile steel

    - T = 60000psi x (3 x 0.44 in2) = 79,200 lb


    Friday, August 10, 12

    Concrete T Beam Design ACI 318-08


    Now that we know the depth of the stress block, we can calculate c, the depth to the neutral axis. From ACI 318 section 10.2.7.1 a = 1 x c 1 is a factor that relates the depth of the Whitney stress block to the depth of the neutral axis based on the concrete strength. It is defined in 10.2.7.3 1 = 0.65 0.85 - ((fc 4000psi)/1000)) x 0.05 0.85 1 = 0.85 ((4000psi 4000psi)/1000) x 0.05 = 0.85 c = a / 1 = 0.971/0.85 c = 1.14 With c, we can calculate the strain in the extreme tensile steel using similar triangles. With this strain calculated, we can check our assumption that the steel yields, and determine if the section is tension controlled.

    Solve for a: 81,600 lb/in x a = 79,200 lb a = 0.971 (which is in fact less than tf = 4)

    Friday, August 10, 12

    Concrete T Beam Design ACI 318-08


    Determine if the section is tension controlled: Per ACI section 10.3.4 a beam is considered tension controlled if the strain in the extreme tension steel is greater than 0.005. The calculated steel strain in our section is 0.054 which is greater than 0.005 therefore this beam section is tension controlled. = 0.90 Determine the strain at which the steel yields and check our assumption that the steel in fact yielded: E = fy/y E = Youngs modulus which is generally accepted to be 29,000 ksi for steel fy = steel yield stress y = yield strain y = 60ksi / 29,000 ksi = 0.00207 0.054 is greater than 0.00207 therefore our assumption is correct and the steel yields prior to failure

    Friday, August 10, 12

    Concrete T Beam Design ACI 318-08

    Next, lets determine if the beam section satisfies the minimum steel requirements of ACI:

    Per ACI section 10.5.1, the minimum steel required for flexural members is as follows:

    Therefore we satisfy the minimum steel requirements of ACI

    Friday, August 10, 12

    Concrete T Beam Design ACI 318-08

    Using Moment Equilibrium, Lets Calculate the Moment Capacity of the Section

    Calculate the moment about the center of the compressive force to determine the nominal moment capacity:

    Friday, August 10, 12

    Concrete T Beam Design ACI 318-08

    For questions or comments, send me an email at [email protected] Check us out on the web at http://www.civilpe.net

    Friday, August 10, 12

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