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Bridgman-Stockbarger Technique: Crystallization

The Bridgman-Stockbarger technique is a method for growing single crystal ingots or boules from polycrystalline material. It involves heating material above its melting point in a container with a seed crystal at one end. As the container is slowly cooled from that end, a single crystal forms on the seed and progresses along the length of the container. The difference between the Bridgman and Stockbarger techniques is that a temperature gradient is already present for Bridgman, while Stockbarger requires pulling the material through a formed gradient to grow the crystal. This technique is commonly used to produce semiconductor crystals like gallium arsenide.

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187 views2 pages

Bridgman-Stockbarger Technique: Crystallization

The Bridgman-Stockbarger technique is a method for growing single crystal ingots or boules from polycrystalline material. It involves heating material above its melting point in a container with a seed crystal at one end. As the container is slowly cooled from that end, a single crystal forms on the seed and progresses along the length of the container. The difference between the Bridgman and Stockbarger techniques is that a temperature gradient is already present for Bridgman, while Stockbarger requires pulling the material through a formed gradient to grow the crystal. This technique is commonly used to produce semiconductor crystals like gallium arsenide.

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pippo pappi
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BridgmanStockbarger technique

BridgmanStockbarger technique
Crystallization

Concepts Crystallization Crystalgrowth Recrystallization Seedcrystal Protocrystalline Singlecrystal Fundamentals Nucleation Crystal Crystalstructure Solid Methods and technology Boules BridgmanStockbarger Czochralskiprocess Fractionalcrystalliz. Frac.freezing Hydroth.synthesis LHPG iodide process

The BridgmanStockbarger technique is named after Harvard physicist Percy Williams Bridgman and MIT physicist Donald C. Stockbarger (18951952). They are two similar methods primarily used for growing single crystal ingots (boules), but which can be used for solidifying polycrystalline ingots as well. The methods involve heating polycrystalline material above its melting point and slowly cooling it from one end of its container, where a seed crystal is located. A single crystal of the same crystallographic orientation as the seed material is grown on the seed and is progressively formed along the length of the container. The process can be carried out in a horizontal or vertical geometry. The Bridgman method is a popular way of producing certain semiconductor crystals such as gallium arsenide, for which the Czochralski process is more difficult,. The difference between the Bridgman technique and Stockbarger technique is subtle: while a temperature gradient is already in place for the Bridgman technique, the Stockbarger technique requires pulling the boat through a temperature gradient to grow the desired single crystal. When seed crystals are not employed as described above, polycrystalline ingots can be produced from a feedstock consisting of rods, chunks, or any irregularly shaped pieces once they are melted and allowed to resolidify. The resultant microstructures of the ingots so obtained are characteristic of directionally solidified metals and alloys with their aligned grains.

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BridgmanStockbarger technique Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=551255689 Contributors: Bantman, Bender235, Cdang, ChemMater, Chrumps, Erik Baas, Erud, Fly by Night, Jag123, Jaraalbe, Knthrak1982, Krauss, Mrba70, Nashikawa, Omnipaedista, Pappa, Shaddack, Twisp, Valerychani, Zian, Zomno, 8 anonymous edits

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image:Snow crystallization in Akureyri 2005-02-26 19-03-37.jpeg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Snow_crystallization_in_Akureyri_2005-02-26_19-03-37.jpeg License: Public Domain Contributors: var Arnfjr Bjarmason

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