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Module 15 Study Guide

This document contains questions about theories of motivation, biological and social needs including Maslow's hierarchy of needs, hunger, sexual behavior, achievement, and motivation. Specifically, it addresses reward/pleasure center theory and incentive theory of motivation, the differences between intrinsic and extrinsic cognitive motivation, how eating/drinking/sex satisfy biological and social needs, criticisms of Maslow's hierarchy, psychosocial and genetic hunger factors, psychological sex factors and theories of sexual orientation, social needs and their development, fear of failure and its impact on achievement, self-handicapping behaviors, characteristics of underachievers, and the differences between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation.

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100 views

Module 15 Study Guide

This document contains questions about theories of motivation, biological and social needs including Maslow's hierarchy of needs, hunger, sexual behavior, achievement, and motivation. Specifically, it addresses reward/pleasure center theory and incentive theory of motivation, the differences between intrinsic and extrinsic cognitive motivation, how eating/drinking/sex satisfy biological and social needs, criticisms of Maslow's hierarchy, psychosocial and genetic hunger factors, psychological sex factors and theories of sexual orientation, social needs and their development, fear of failure and its impact on achievement, self-handicapping behaviors, characteristics of underachievers, and the differences between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation.

Uploaded by

susanwhitten
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NAME: Intro to Psychology Module 15 Motivation

SCORE:__________/147

A. Theories of Motivation 1. What is the reward/pleasure center theory of motivation? (2 pts.)

b) Give an example of your being motivated by the r-p center. (2 pts.)

2. Explain the incentive theory of motivation. What are the common features of incentives? (6 pts.)

b) Give an example of your being motivated by an incentive. (2 pts.)

3. What is the difference between extrinsic and intrinsic cognitive motivation? (4 pts.)

b) Can you give an example of each? (4 pts.)

B. Biological and Social Needs 4. How can eating, drinking, and sex satisfy both biological and social needs? (4 pts.)

5. Explain Maslows hierarchy of needs. (2 pts.)

b) List the 5 levels and a brief description of each. (15 pts.)

6. What are some of the criticisms of Maslows hierarchy? (4 pts.)

b) Do you see it as being applicable to all cultures throughout the world? Why or why not? (3 pts.)

C. Hunger 7. What does the high percentage of overweight and obese adults indicate about how our eating is primarily regulated? (2 pts.)

8. How could psychosocial hunger factors result in your eating too little or too much? (2 pts.)

b) Genetic hunger factors? (2 pts.)

9. How do hormones such as ghrelin and leptin cue the brain to feel hunger or fullness? (4 pts.)

10. What part of the brain receives central cues about hunger? (1 pt.) 11. What is the percentage breakdown for inherited factors vs. environmental factors re weight maintenance? (2 pts.)

12. What are the four genetic hunger factors? (4 pts.)

13. What are the two ways to raise ones metabolic rate? (2 pts.)

14. What are the three psychosocial hunger factors? Give an example of each. What are problems associated with each? (9 pts.)

D. Sexual Behavior 15. Why do psychological sex factors play such a large role in human sexual behavior, but probably not in animal sexual behavior? (4 pts.)

16. List and briefly describe each of the three psychological sex factors. (9 pts.)

17. What is gender identity disorder and to which factors can its development be attributed? (3 pts.)

18. Explain the interactive model of sexual orientation. (2 pts.)

19. Why do some people prefer to use the term sexual preference as opposed to sexual orientation? (4 pts.)

20. Explain how the following theories account for the double standard for sexual behavior: Biosocial theory: (4 pts.)

Evolutionary theory: (4 pts.)

21. What is the only factor that increases the likelihood of men having homosexual orientation? (1 pt.)

22. What part of the brain is associated with sexual attraction? How does it become activated? (2 pts.)

23. People with homosexual orientation become aware of it before knowing much about or engaging in homosexual behavior. What does this fact point to as far as origins of homosexuality? (2 pts.)

24. How have professional health attitudes about homosexuality changed over the last 30 years? (2 pts.)

F. Achievement 25. What are social needs and how are they developed? (4 pts.)

26. What is fear of failure and how does it impact academic achievement? (4 pts.)

b) How does someone who exhibits fear of failure respond differently from someone who has a need for achievement? (2 pts.)

27. Define self-handicapping. Why do people exhibit this behavior? (4 pts.)

b) Provide two examples of how people may self-handicap. (4 pts.)

28. What are some of the characteristics of underachievers? (4 pts.)

b) How do these characteristics impact underachievers throughout their lives? (2 pts.)

29. What are the three components of success? (List components of the last one, please) (6 pts.)

30. Explain the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. (4 pts.)

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