EEC-653 CAD OF ELECTRONICS LAB

PSPICE Experiments

1. (a) Transient Analysis of BJT inverter using step input. (b)DC Analysis (VTC) of BJT inverter with and without parameters. 2. (a) Transient Analysis of NMOS inverter using step input. (b) Transient Analysis of NMOS inverter using pulse input. (c) DC Analysis (VTC) of NMOS inverter with and without parameters. 3. (a) Analysis of CMOS inverter using step input. (b) Transient Analysis of CMOS inverter using step input with parameters. (c) Transient Analysis of CMOS inverter using pulse input. (d) Transient Analysis of CMOS inverter using pulse input with parameters. (e) DC Analysis (VTC) of CMOS inverter with and without parameters. 4. Transient & DC Analysis of NOR Gate inverter. 5. Transient & DC Analysis of NAND Gate. VHDL Experiments 1. Synthesis and simulation of Full Adder. 2. Synthesis and Simulation of Full Subtractor. 3. Synthesis and Simulation of 3 X 8 Decoder. 4. Synthesis and Simulation of 8 X 1 Multiplexer. 5. Synthesis and Simulation of 9 bit odd parity generator. 6. Synthesis and Simulation of Flip Flop (D, and T).

INTRODUCTION TO ORCAD
Objectives:
To Be familiar with the Orcad simulation. To be familiar with types of analysis in Orcad program. To make analysis to some examples on each analysis.

Equipments:
Computer Orcad software program.

Introduction to Orcad:
SPICE is a powerful general purpose analog and mixed-mode circuit simulator that is used to verify circuit designs and to predict the circuit behavior. This is of particular importance for integrated circuits.

Simulation Program for Integrated Circuits Emphasis. SPICE can do several types of circuit analyses. Here are the most important ones: 1 2 3 4 5 6
Non-linear Non-linear

DC analysis: calculates the DC transfer curve.

transient and Fourier analysis: calculates the voltage and current as a function of time when a large signal is applied; Fourier analysis gives the frequency spectrum. Linear AC Analysis: calculates the output as a function of frequency. A bode generated.
Noise analysis Parametric Monte

plot is

analysis

Carlo Analysis

In addition, PSpice has analog and digital libraries of standard components (such as NAND, NOR, flip-flops, MUXes, FPGA, PLDs and many more digital components ). This makes it a useful tool for a wide range of analog and digital applications. All analyses can be done at different temperatures. The default temperature is 300K. The circuit can contain the following components: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Independent Resistors Capacitors Inductors Mutual

and dependent voltage and current sources

inductors lines amplifiers

Transmission Operational

8 9

Switches Diodes

10 Bipolar transistors 11 MOS transistors 12 JFET 13 MOSFET 14 Digital gates

Algorithm of simulating a circuit

The following figure summarizes the different steps involved in simulating a circuit with Capture and PSpice. We'll describe each of these briefly through a couple of examples.

Figure 1: Steps involved in simulating a circuit with PSpice. The values of elements can be specified using scaling factors (upper or lower case): T or Tera (= 1E12); G or Giga (= E9); MEG or Mega (= E6); K or Kilo (= E3); M or Milli (= E-3);

U or Micro (= E-6); N or Nano (= E-9); P or Pico (= E-12) F of Femto (= E-15)

Types of analysis in Orcad:

1) BIAS Point or DC analysis 1 2 3 4 1. Draw the circuit shown in figure 2 on the capture window 2.With the schematic open, go to the PSPICE menu and choose NEW SIMULATION PROFILE. 3. In the Name text box, type a descriptive name, e.g. Bias. 4. From the Inherit From List: select none and click Create.

5 6 7 8 9

5. When the Simulation Setting window opens, for the Analyis Type, choose Bias Point and click OK. 6. Now you are ready to run the simulation: PSPICE/RUN 7. A window will open, letting you know if the simulation was successful. If there are errors, consult the Simulation Output file. 8. To see the result of the DC bias point simulation, you can open the Simulation Output file and it will be as shown below.

Results of the Bias simulation displayed on the schematic.

2) Transient Analysis
1 2 3 4 5 6
1.0V

1. Draw the circuit as shown in figure 2. Insert the Vsin source from the library Source. Double click on the source and make the following changes FREQ = 1000, AMPL = 1, VOFF = 0. 3. Set up the Transient Analysis: go to the PSPICE/NEW SIMULATION PROFILE. 4. Give it a name (e.g. Transient). When the Simulation Settings window opens, select "Time Domain (Transient)" Analysis. Enter also the Run Time. Lets make it 5 ms(5 periods since FREQ = 1000). For the Max Step size, you can leave it blank or enter 10us. 5. Run PSpice. 6.The results is shown in figure

0.5V

0V

-0.5V

-1.0V

0s

V(D1:2)

0.5ms V(V4:+)

1.0ms

1.5ms

2.0ms

2.5ms Time

3.0ms

3.5ms

4.0ms

4.5ms

5.0ms

3) AC Sweep Analysis:
The AC analysis will apply a sinusoidal voltage whose frequency is swept over a specified range. The simulation calculates the corresponding voltage and current amplitude and phases for each frequency. When the input amplitude is set to 1V, then the output voltage is basically the transfer function. In contrast to a sinusoidal transient analysis, the AC analysis is not a time domain simulation but rather a simulation of the sinusoidal steady state of the circuit. When the circuit contains non-linear element such as diodes and transistors, the elements will be replaced their small-signal models with the parameter values calculated according to the corresponding biasing point.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

1. Create a new project and build the circuit as shown in figure 2. For the voltage source use VAC from the Sources library. 3. Make the amplitude of the input source 1V. 4. Create a Simulation Profile. In the Simulation Settings window, select AC Sweep/Noise. 5. Enter the start and end frequencies and the number of points per decade. For our example we use 0.1Hz, 10 kHz and 11, respectively. 6. Run the simulation 7. In the Probe window, add the traces for the output voltage. 8. The results is as shown in figure

600mV

400mV

200mV

0V 100mHz 300mHz V(R4:2)

1.0Hz

3.0Hz

10Hz

30Hz Frequency

100Hz

300Hz

1.0KHz

3.0KHz

10KHz

4) DC Sweep Analysis: The DC sweep is used to draw the voltage transfer characteristic (VTC) between output and input.
1) we connect the circuit as shown in figure 2) from dc sweep analysis we choose primary sweep and we put the name of the source V1 and start value (0),end value (12) and increment (0.1). 3) Then choose secondary sweep and put the name of the current source I2 and start value (-4u),end value (12u) and increment (4u). 4) we put the current marker above R2 as shown. 5) The result will be as shown in the figure 8.

Output Current

2.0mA

1.0mA

0A

-1.0mA 0V -I(R2)

1V

2V

3V

4V

5V

6V V_V1

7V

8V

9V

10V

11V

12V

EXPERIMENT :- 1 (a)

AIM: Transient Analysis of BJT inverter using step input CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
R 2 1k

V3 5Vdc R 1 1k V4 5Vdc Q 1

Q 2N 2222

Transient Analysis Procedure: 1. Draw the circuit as shown in figure 2. Insert the Vdc source from the library. 3. Double click on the components and place the value. 4. Set up the Transient Analysis: go to the PSPICE/NEW SIMULATION PROFILE. 5. Give it a name (e.g. Transient). When the Simulation Settings window opens, select "Time Domain (Transient)" Analysis. 6. Enter the Run Time. Lets make it 10000us. For the Max Step size, you can leave it blank or enter 10us. 7. Run PSpice. 8.RESULT:

EXPERIMENT :-1(B)

 AIM: (b)DC Analysis (VTC) of BJT inverter with parameters. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
R 2 1k
V

V3 5Vdc R 1 1k V4 5Vdc Q 1

Q 2N 2222

DC Sweep Analysis Procedure: The DC sweep is used to draw the voltage transfer characteristic (VTC) between output and input.
1. we connect the circuit as shown in figure 2. Set up the DC Sweep: go to the PSPICE/NEW SIMULATION PROFILE 3. From dc sweep analysis we choose primary sweep and we put the name of the source V4 and start value (0),end value (5V) and increment (0.1). 4. Place the Voltage marker above R1 and R2 as shown. 5. The result will be as shown below.

RESULT

EXPERIMENT:- 2 (A)

AIM:- Transient Analysis of NMOS inverter using step input. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:Transient Analysis Procedure: 1. Draw the circuit as shown in figure 2. Insert the Vdc source from the library. 3. Double click on the components and place the value. 4. Set up the Transient Analysis: go to the PSPICE/NEW SIMULATION PROFILE. 5. Place the Voltage marker 6. Give it a name. When the Simulation Settings window opens, select "Time Domain (Transient)" Analysis. 7.Enter the Run Time. Lets make it 10000us. For the Max Step size, you can leave it blank or enter 10us. and Run PSpice.
M 1 BSS129

V2 5Vdc

M 2 L2082 V1 5Vdc
V

Result

EXPERIMENT:-2(B)

AIM:- Transient Analysis of NMOS inverter using pulse input.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:-

M 3 B S S 129

Transient Analysis Procedure:

O O D S O F F T IM E = .5 u S D S T M 1 N T I M E = . 5 u S CLK E LA Y = TA R TV A L = 0 P P V A L = 1 M 2

V 2 5V dc

1. Draw the circuit as shown in figure L2082 2. Insert the digital clock and VDC V from the library and give the value. 3. Set up the Transient Analysis: go to the PSPICE/NEW SIMULATION PROFILE. 4. Give it a name. When the Simulation 0 Settings window opens, select "Time Domain (Transient)" Analysis. 5. Enter the Run Time. Lets make it 10000us. For the Max Step size, you can leave it blank or enter 10us. Place the Voltage marker. 6. Run PSpice.

Result

EXPERIMENT:-2(C)

AIM:-DC Analysis (VTC) of NMOS inverter with PARAMETERS

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:DC Sweep Analysis Procedure: The DC sweep is used to draw the voltage transfer characteristic (VTC) between output and input.
1. Connect the circuit as shown in figure 2. Set up the DC Sweep: go to the PSPICE/NEW SIMULATION PROFILE 5V dc 3. From dc sweep analysis we choose primary sweep and we put the name of the source V3 and start value (0),end value (5V) and increment (0.1). 4. Place the Voltage marker above R1 and R2 as shown. 5. Run the circuit 6. The result will be as shown below.

M 3 B S S 129

V 2 5V dc

M 2 V 3
V

L2082

Result

EXPERIMENT:-3(A)

AIM:- Analysis of CMOS inverter using step input. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:Transient Analysis Procedure: 1. Draw the circuit as shown in figure 2. Insert the VDC from the library and give the value. 3. Set up the Transient Analysis: go to the PSPICE/NEW SIMULATION PROFILE. 4. Give it a name. When the Simulation Settings window opens, select "Time Domain (Transient)" Analysis. 5. Enter the Run Time. Lets make it 10000us. For the Max Step size, you can leave it blank or enter 10us. Place the Voltage marker. Run PSpice.
5Vdc V1

0
M 1 M 2 S J 5 9 8 /N E C

V2 5Vdc

M 2 M 2 S K 3 2 9 5 /N E C

Result

)EXPERIMENT:-3(B

AIM:- Transient Analysis of CMOS inverter using step input with parameters. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:-

Result

EXPERIMENT:-3(C)

AIM:- Transient Analysis of CMOS inverter using pulse input. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:Transient Analysis Procedure:
V1 5Vdc

1. Draw the circuit as shown in figure 2. Insert the Vpulse input and VDC supply from the library and put the given value. 3. Set up the Transient Analysis: go to the PSPICE/NEW SIMULATION PROFILE. 4. Give it a name. When the Simulation Settings window opens, select "Time Domain (Transient)" Analysis. 5. Enter the Run Time. Lets make it 10000us. For the Max Step size, you can leave it blank or enter 10us. Place the Voltage marker. 6. Run PSpice.

0
M 1 M 2 S J 5 9 8 /N E C

V1 = 0 V2 = 5 TD = TR = 1ns TF = 1ns PW = 1m s PER = 2m s

V2

M 2 M 2 S K 3 2 9 5 /N E C

Result
EXPERIMENT:-3(D)


AIM:- Transient Analysis of CMOS inverter using pulse input with parameters. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:-

Transient Analysis with parameter Procedure: 1. Draw the circuit as shown in figure 2. Insert the Vpulse input and VDC supply from the library and put the given value. 3. Set up the Transient Analysis: go to the PSPICE/NEW SIMULATION PROFILE. 4. Give it a name. When the Simulation Settings window opens, select "Time Domain (Transient)" Analysis. 5. Enter the Run Time. Lets make it 10000us. For the Max Step size, you can leave it blank or enter 10us. Place the Voltage marker on output. 6. Run PSpice.
5Vdc

V1

0
M 1 M 2 S J 5 9 8 /N E C

V1 = 0 V2 = 5 TD = TR = 0 TF = 0 PW = 10ns PER = 30ns

V2 M 2 M 2 S K 3 2 9 5 /N E C

Result

EXPERIMENT:-3(E)

AIM:-DC Analysis (VTC) of CMOS inverter with and without parameters. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:DC Sweep Analysis Procedure:

V1 5Vdc

The DC sweep is used to draw the voltage transfer characteristic (VTC) between output and input. 1. Connect the circuit as shown in figure 2. Set up the DC Sweep: go to the PSPICE/NEW SIMULATION PROFILE 3. From dc sweep analysis we choose primary sweep and we put the name of the source V2 and start value (0),end value (5V) and increment (0.1). 4. Place the Voltage marker as shown in the figure .
5. Run the circuit 6. The result will be as shown below.
V2 5Vdc
V

0
M 1 M 2 S J 5 9 8 /N E C

M 2 M 2 S K 3 2 9 5 /N E C

RESULT

EXPERIMENT:-4

AIM:-Transient & DC Analysis of NOR Gate inverter. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:DC Sweep Analysis Procedure:

V1 5Vdc

The DC sweep is used to draw the voltage transfer characteristic (VTC) between output and input. 1. Connect the circuit as shown in figure 2. Set up the DC Sweep: go to the PSPICE/NEW SIMULATION PROFILE 3. From dc sweep analysis we choose primary sweep and we put the name of the source V2 and start value (0),end value (5V) and increment (0.1). 4. Place the Voltage marker as shown in the figure . 5. Run the circuit 6. The result will be as shown below.
V1 = 0 V2 = 5 TD = TR = TF = PW = 20ns PER = 40ns V2
V

0
M4 M T D 2 9 5 5 V /O N

M5 M T D 2 9 5 5 V /O N

M6 M TD 2 N 5 0 /O N M T D 2 N 5 0 /O N

M7

Result
(A) DC Analysis of NOR gate Inverter.

(B) Transient Analysis of NOR Gate inverter.

Transient Analysis with parameter Procedure:
V1

1. Draw the circuit as shown in figure 2. Insert the Vpulse input and VDC supply from the library and put the given value. 3. Set up the Transient Analysis: go to the PSPICE/NEW SIMULATION PROFILE. 4. Give it a name. When the Simulation Settings window opens, select "Time Domain (Transient)" Analysis. 5. Enter the Run Time. Lets make it 20ms. For the Max Step size, you can leave it blank or enter 10us. Place the Voltage marker on output. 6. Run PSpice.

5Vdc

0
M 4 M T D 2 9 5 5 V /O N

M 5 M TD 2 9 5 5 V /O N

V1 = 0 V2 = 5 TD = TR = 1ns TF = 1ns PW = 1m s PER = 2m s

V2

M 6 M T D 2 N 5 0 /O N M T D 2 N 5 0 /O N

M 7

Result

(A) Transient Analysis of NOR Gate inverter.

EXERIMENT:-5

AIM:- (a) Transient & DC Analysis of NAND Gate. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:M 5 BSS129

V6 5Vdc

M 6 M 2N 6759 V5 5Vdc
V

M 7

M 2N 6759

RESULT
DC Analysis of NAND Gate.

M 5 B S S 129

V 6 O O D S O F F T IM E = .5 u S D S T M 1 N T I M E = . 5 u S CLK E LA Y = TA R TV A L = 0 P P V A L = 1 M 6 M 2VN 6 7 5 9 5V dc

O O D S O

F F T IM E = .5 u S D S T M 2 N T I M E = . 5 u S CLK E LA Y = TA R TV A L = 0 P P V A L = 1

M 7 M 2N V 6759

(b )Transient Analysis of NAND Gate. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:-

RESULT
Transient Analysis of NAND Gate.