NATIONAL COLLEGE

ENGINEERING

KOVILPATTI-628503
MOTOCHARGER [MOTORCYCLE WITH TURBOCHARGER]

SUBMITTED BY., R.veerasivakumar A.Ragul lakshmanan CONTACT:

ABSTRACT The progress of automobiles for transportation has been intimately associated with the progress of civilization. The automobile of today is the result of the accumulation of many years of pioneering research and development. An attempt has been made in this project; the exhaust gas is used to rotate the turbine with blower arrangement. Exhaust gas is used to rotate the blower and this air is given to the ignition input supply. Our fore most aim in selecting this project is to use of turbocharger in motor bike and reduce the fuel consumption. It is also good with regardto economical considerations and engine efficiency. INTRODUCTION The output of the engine exhaust gas is given to the input of the turbine blades, so thatthe pressurized air produced. This power, the alternate power, must be much more convenient inavailability and usage. The next important reason for the search of effective, unadulterated powerare to save the surrounding environments including men, machine and material of both theexisting and the forthcoming generation from pollution, the cause for many harmful happeningsand to reach the saturation point. The most talented power against the natural resource is supposed to be the electric andsolar energies that best suit the automobiles. The unadulterated zero emission electrical andsolar power, is the only easily attainable alternate source. Hence we decided to incorporate thesolar power in the field of automobile, the concept of many Multi National Companies (MNC)and to get relieved from the incorrigible air pollution.

TURBOCHARGER Turbo Charging Turbo charging, simply, is a method of increasing the output of the engine withoutincreasing its size. The basic principle was simple and was already being used in big diesel engines. European car makers installed small turbines turned by the exhaust gases of the same engine. This turbine compressed the air that went on to the combustion chamber, thus ensuring a bigger explosion and an incremental boost in power. The fuel-injection system, on its part, made sure that only a definite quantity of fuel went into the combustion chamber. Functioning of Turbocharger What the turbocharger was does is that it simply increases the volumetric efficiency of the engine. To give you an example: a 1,500 cc engine that produced, say, 60 bhp when it was normally aspirated, benefited at times with a 10- to 20-per cent power boost depending on the kind of turbocharger used. Normally, the manufacturer would have had to resort to a bigger displacement in the engine, or design and develop an all-new engine to get more power from the same unit.

I.C ENGINE Internal combustion engines are those heat engines that burn their fuel inside the engine cylinder. In internal combustion engine the chemical energy stored in their operation. The heatenergy is converted in to mechanical energy

by the expansion of gases against the piston attached to the crankshaft that can rotate. Petrol Engine The engine which gives power to propel the automobile vehicle is a petrol burning internal combustion engine. Petrol is a liquid fuel and is called by the name gasoline in America. The ability of petrol to furnish power rests on the two basic principles; Burning or combustions always accomplished by the production of heat When a gas is heated, it expands. If the volume remains constant, the pressure rises according to Charles law.

WORKING There are only four strokes involved namely the suction stoke, the compression stroke, the power stroke and they are usually working on two crank revolution of the crankshaft. In 4-stroke engine two valves are placed instead of ports. Engine Specification Type of fuel used Cooling system Number of cylinder Number of stroke Arrangement Cubic capacity Bore Dia Stroke length Power Compression ratio Torque : Petrol : Air cooled : Single : Four Stroke : Vertical : 98.2 cc : 52.4 mm : 57.8 mm : 7.60 hp (5.5 KW) @ 8000rpm : 9.1:1 : 0.79 kg-m

TURBINE WITH BLOWER ARRANGEMENT Main Components of a Turbocharger The main parts of this simple and efficient turbine are

1. Nozzle with regulating needle 2. Runner with blades 3. Casing 4. Blower The exhaust air is brought from high head reservoir through a penstock. At the end ofpenstock is a nozzle, which converts the available high head in high velocity jet. The jet strikesthe blades, mounted on a runner and due to impulse action; the energy is transferred to runner.The jet itself is turned inside the blades and ultimately falls down in the tail race. For highefficiency, the jet should be compact and cylindrical and not broom shaped.

Nozzle The exhaust pipe is jointed to the 1 pipe and this end is shaped to sharp to act as anozzle. This pipe is provided with a bend near the turbine.This is done to accommodate regulating needle. The pipe at the end is provided withguide cross to ensure parallel flow. The nozzle is made of mild steel for small wheels and of cast steel for large turbines. Runner with Blades Normally the runner wheels are mild steel in one piece with the blades and boss ofspecial steel. The blade is the most important part of this project. It subjected to erosion due toimpact of sandy air or chemically unsuitable gas. Depending upon head, stresses and quality ofgas it is made of mild steel, cast steel or stainless steel. Casing The casing of a turbine has to carry housing for the bearing and it has also to support thenozzle and pipe bend. It is reinforced at this point to withstand reaction of jet. It is made of castiron and is generally made in two parts so that erection and assembling is easy. The upperportion should fit tightly to prevent the air leading to runner and the lower portion has to be wideenough to prevent the water from reaching the runner again. Blower

The fan (impeller) rotates inside the shell. The shell is so designed that the air is rushedout forcely. The blower consists of two main parts. They areCasingImpeller Blades(Fan). The turbine is directly coupled with Impeller blades through bearings. The gas is used tostrike the turbine and the blower is rotated so that the air is rushed out force.

WORKING PRINCIPLE
The progress of automobiles for transportation has been intimately associated with the progress of civilization. The automobile of today is the result of the accumulation of many years of pioneering research and development. The output of the engine exhaust gas is given to the input of the turbine blades, so that the pressurized air produced. This pressurized air is given to the carburetor intake air system. The efficiency of the engine is improved by using this type of turbo charging. This power, the alternate power must be much more convenient in availability and usage. The next important reason for the search of effective, unadulterated power are to save the surrounding environments including men, machine and material of both the existing and the next forth generation from pollution, the cause for many harmful happenings and to reach the saturation point.

TURBOCHARGER SPECIFICATION Turbocharger

Connecting Shaft The diameters & length of connecting shaft are as follows: Di = 8 mm Do = 15mm L = 177.8mm

Bearing
In this project we make use of two number of 6202 Ball Bearing in the turbocharger.

OBSERVATIONS AND RESULTS Observation

LIST OF MATERIALS

Sl. No. Parts i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi viii. ix. x Frame Stand Turbine Blower

Qty. 1 1 1

Material Mild Steel Al Al M.S 98.2 CC M.S

Bearing with Bearing Cap 1 Engine Chain with Sprocket Connecting Tube Bolt and Nut Wheel Arrangement 1 1

1 meter Plastic 1 M.S -

MATERIALS COST

Sl. No. i. ii. iii. iv. v. Vi viii. ix. X

Parts Frame Stand Turbine Blower Bearing with Bearing Cap Engine Chain with Sprocket Connecting Tube Bolt and Nut Wheel Arrangement

Qty. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 meter 1

Material Mild Steel Al Al M.S 98.2 Cc M.S Plastic M.S 9850

Amount (Rs) 2200 900 900 650 3000 1200 150 50 800

Total material cost =

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

Disadvantages
1. Additional cost is required 2. Additional space is required to install this arrangement in vehicles 3. Turbo lag is obtained up to 1500 RPM

APPLICATIONS Applications
a. Used in normal motor bikes b. Used instead of high power engines

CONCLUSION
This project is an attempt to reduce our dependency on foreign oil and reduce the fuel consumption from automobiles and this was an attempt to fabricate and implement this new technology that will drive us into the future. Use of production turbocharger will reduce smog-forming pollutants over the current national average. The first hybrid on the market will cut emissions of global-warming pollutants by a third to a half and later modes may cut emissions by even more.

REFERENCES
1. Corky Bell,(1997), Maximum boost-Designing, Testing & Installing Turbocharger System.Volume IV, Page no.231-243. 2. Hugh Mc Innes, Turbocharger- Turbo design, Tata McGrawhill publication, volume V,page no 651-728, 3. Jeff Hartman (2007), Turbocharger performance hand book, Advance turbo performance articles (e-book). 4. Joe Halie, Motorcycle Turboharging, Supercharging & Nitrox, Advance in Two wheeler articles (e-book), pp.9-81. 5. Possibility of turbocharger in two wheelers-Yahoo Answers 6. Rupert Livessey,(2003), Dictionary of Automobile Engineering,TataMcGrawhill Vol-51, pp.211-247. 7. Sundhar Kumar Saxena, Automobile Engineering, Lakshmi publications Vol-4, pp.236-251. 8. www.wikipedia.org 9. www.sciencedirectory.com