'Hsu, op.cit., 2 Ibid., p. 623.
p. 620.
HI462
111
Ibid ;, pp. 633-636.
*Ch'i, op,cit., pp. 200-201.
31bid -.: PI 177.
4 p. 128. R.S. Gupte, Hlstory of Modern China, (New Delhi, 1981)
51bid -1, pp. 241-243.
112
HI462
HI 462
113
1 John K. Fairbank and Edwin 0. Reischauer, China:Tradition
and Transformation, (Sydney, 1973)
p,
455.
114
HI 462
China",
in wblican 2
China,1911-1949,
ed. by Franz Schurmann
and
Orville Schell,(New
York, 1977), p. 137.
Gupte, op.cit., p. 125.
HI462
115
-. Ibid m9heanq+3tn~,
, pp. 140-148. Las 3aM;r 154 wGuu\tA l&l 3 ,
n& 873-880.
w32&1 7
La r5h.1
*Theodore H. White and Annalee l'n China Yesterday and Today, ed.
Jacoby, "Chiang Kai-Shek",
by Molly Joel Coye and Jon
WIU.
Livingston, (Des Plaines, 1975) pp. 223-225 ttaz
3Hsu,, op.cit., p, 637. La= Harrison, op.cit., 4 I WIU, a-w ua-2 , nu-l
170.
pp. 149-150.
116
HI 462
1 Harrison,
*lbJ., 3 Gupte. pp.
Op.cit.,
pp. 144-145.
145-149.
pp. 128-129.
op.cit.,
HI462
1 1 7
118
HI 462
LNU,
mouaa
-
ndl
2 5 1 - 2 5 3 .
LLB::
hsu, op.cit.,,
P.
651. 2Hs~. Ibid., p.62La: 3Mao Tse-tung, "The Gupte, op.cit., Struggle in the pp.151-152. Chingkang Mountains",
in Essential Works of Chinese Gommunism. pp. 65-71.
HI462
119
120
HI 462
Bianc@, op.cit., pp. 63-64. UP:
Gupte, op.cit.,
p. 197.
2 C.P. Fitzgerald, The Birth of Communist Is&, (Victoria, 19731,
p.
72. 3 Hsu, op.cit., pp. 651-652.
HI462
121
Edgar Snow, "Soviet Society")in Republican China, 1911-
1949, ed. by Franz Schurmann and Orville Schell, op.cit., pp. 226-
(n-(u
tmn7,
. 8 )
llU1 161-176.
Jean Chesneaux, "The Secret Societies", in China Yester-
day and Today, pp. 110-112. 4Franz Michael, The Taiping Rebellion, (Seattle, pp. 21-50.
1966)
122
.
HI 462
HI462
123
Franz and Orville, Republican China, pp. 208-209.
124
HI 462
HI 462
123
126
HI 462
---KANUCU
HI 462
127
c tnu , o;ilUb * mu1
266-267.
128
HI 462
HI 462
129
'V.I. Lenin,"Political
Report of the Central Committee Selected Works. Vo1.3. (Moscow,
of the R.C.P. (B.). March 27",in
1961), p. 735.
130
HI 462
HI 462
131
132
HI 462
HI 462
133
$rff &phT, cu :
nmmag
tdam7aiu7a.
(nn , , 2521)
I Rtd-l
283.
up= Hsu, Rke of Modern China, pp. 655-658. *-I tq5i
MU1 2 5 5 - 2 6 1 . aoAaiii%. aiuttaa -*
"
" Mu7
2 1
l - 2 1 2 .
ttaz twu -* a7ottaa
134
HI462
HI 462
135
THE NORTHERN EXPEDITION 1926-1928
h Routes of Nationalist Armies II+ Routes of pro-Nationalist Allies: Feng Yii-hsiang from Lanchow Yen Hsi-shan from Taiyuan
OUTER
MONGOLIA
MANCHURIA
136
HI 462
HI 462
137
nm tRuni\tlna
(fl .P[.
1934-1935)
138
HI 462
THE LONG MARCH
MANCHUKUO
(MANCHURIA)
I
139
HI 462
lBianco,
op.cit., p. 68.
199-200.d?Uji~aEiUiRu~i~~~~~~un7slZiu
WIU,
I al~ttm, wui
m*lna f~ Wilson, op.cit., pp. 367-371. 3Clubb, 4Wilson,
140
op.cit., p. 312. op.cit., p. 72. Hi462
Lin P i a o , "The
International
Significance
of
Comrade
Mao Tse-tung's pp. 416-417.
Theory of People's War".in Essential Works of,
21bid., 3Wilson,
pp.
154-155.
op.cit., p. 68.
HI 462
141
6 .
3 L&i
(fl.d.
1 8 6 6 - 1 9 7 6 )
tS!au;ihma~tu3
LkttniY
FI.H.
lx.,
2
pp.
72-75.
ttaz
t&i;
aI&.
Rl?ttR~,
n&l
99-106.
Malie and Wang Ning, "Zhou En lai in the Arena of ",in China and the World, ed. by Zhou Guo (Beijing,
Diplomacy
1982),pp. 22-42. 3fi.) pp. 59-65.
142
HI462
HI 462
143
144
HI 462
Yang Zhao and others, An Outline History of China,edited
by Bai Shouyi (Beijing, 1982) pp. 465-470. 2 3 Fairbank and Reischauer, op.cit., p. 451. Yang, op,.cit., pp. 470-475. pp. 640-649.
4Hsu., op.cit.,
HI462
145
OUTER MON=
-I-^......! r/
HUNAN
YUNNAU
RENCH INDO C H I N A
146
HI 462
mwn"
6 2
Tpilfl ,a, u- LSifJU
niw< 6 3 462
qyuiln
QIO
T-ii-nPu 147
'Ibid., p. 641.
n
LIbid., p. 623. tta:: of China,(London, 3 (New John
Henry
MC
Aleavy, '
The
Modern
History
1967) pp. 252-255. Hall, Japan From
Whitney pp.
Prehistory
to
Modern
Times,
York,
1981)
328-332.
148
HI462
'Ibid., p. 332.
2
Chiang Kai-shek,Soviet
Russia in China, (New York,
1965), p. 47.
HI462
149
n7sNlnnifi~n-%
(n .Ff .
I 937-1945)
150
HI 462
1 . Chlang Kai-sheck, The Sian Coup dEtat,
in Readingsin
Modern Chinese History, edited by Immanuel C.Y. Hsu, (New York, 1971) pp. 494-500.
HI 462
151
1 2
Chiang, Soviet Russia in China, pp. 45-46. Hsu, Readingsin Modern Chinese History, p. 501. tta::
Hsu, Rise of Nodern China, pp. 692-710.
152
Hi462