English System

A standard system of measurements based on the inch, pound, and Fahrenheit degrees. English measurements are primarily used in the United States and England. A standard system of measurements based on the meter, kilogram, and Celsius degrees. The metric system is internationally recognized.

Metric System

The English system of measurement is most commonly used in the United States (but, ironically, not in England). Although youre probably familiar with most of the English units of measurement, in the following list, you can see the most important ones. The list also shows some equivalent values that can help you do conversions from one type of unit to another. Units of distance: Distance also called length is measured in inches (in.), feet (ft.), yards (yd.), and miles (mi.): 12 inches = 1 foot 3 feet = 1 yard 5,280 feet = 1 mile Units of fluid volume: Fluid volume (also called capacity) is the amount of space occupied by a liquid such as water, milk, or wine. Volume is measured in fluid ounces (fl. oz.), cups (c.), pints (pt.), quarts (qt.), and gallons (gal.): 8 fluid ounces = 1 cup 2 cups = 1 pint 2 pints = 1 quart 4 quarts = 1 gallon Units of fluid volume are typically used for measuring the volume of things that can be poured. The volume of solid objects is more commonly measured in cubic units of distance such as cubic inches, cubic feet, and so forth. Units of weight: Weight is the measurement of how strongly gravity pulls an object toward Earth. Weight is measured in ounces (oz.), pounds (lb.), and tons. 16 ounces = 1 pound 2,000 pounds = 1 ton Dont confuse fluid ounces, which measure volume, with ounces, which measure weight. These units are two completely different types of measurements! Units of time: Time is hard to define, but everybody knows what it is. Time is measured in seconds, minutes, hours, days, weeks, and years: 60 seconds = 1 minute 60 minutes = 1 hour 24 hours = 1 day 7 days = 1 week 365 days 1 year The conversion from days to years is approximate, because earths daily rotation on its a xis and its yearly revolution around the sun arent exactly synchronized. A year is closer to 365.25 days, which is why leap years exist. Months are left out of the picture because the definition of a month is imprecise it can vary from 28 to 31 days.

Unit of speed: Speed is the measurement of how much time an object takes to move a given distance. The most common unit of speed is miles per hour (mph). Unit of temperature: Temperature measures how much heat an object contains. This object can be a glass of water, a turkey in the oven, or the air surrounding your house. Temperature is measured in degrees Fahrenheit (F). Length: 12 inches (in) = 1 foot (ft) 3 feet = 1 yard (yd) 5280 feet = 1 mile (mi)

Capacity: 3 teaspoons (tsp) = 1 tablespoon (tbsp) 16 tbsp = 1 cup (c) 8 ounces (oz) = 1 c 2 c = 1 pint (pt) 2 pt = 1 quart (qt) 4 qt = 1 gallon (gal)

Weight: 16 ounces (oz) = 1 pound (lb) 2000 lb = 1 ton

Length 12 inches 3 feet 220 yards 8 furlongs 5,280 feet 1,760 yards Volume 1,728 cubic inches 27 cubic feet Mass 437.5 grains 16 ounces 14 pounds 100 pounds 20 hundredweights Apothecaries' Measures 60 minims = 1 fluid dram = 1 ounce = 1 pound = 1 stone =1 hundredweight = 1 ton = 1 cubic foot = 1 cubic yard = 1 foot = 1 yard = 1 furlong = 1 mile = 1 mile = 1 mile

Area 144 square inches 9 square feet 4,840 square yards 640 acres 1 square mile 36 sections Capacity (Dry) 16 fluid ounces 2 pints 8 quarts 4 pecks Capacity (Liquid) 4 gills 2 pints 4 quarts Troy Weights 24 grains = 1 pennyweight = 1 pint = 1 quart = 1 gallon = 1 pint = 1 quart = 1 peck = 1 bushel = 1 square foot = 1 square yard = 1 acre = 1 square mile = 1 section = 1 township

8 fluid drams 16 fluid ounces Apothecaries' Weights 20 grains 3 scruples 8 drams

= 1 fluid ounce = 1 pint

20 pennyweights

= 1 ounce

= 1 scruple = 1 dram = 1 ounce

The metric system is an internationally agreed decimal system of measurement that was originally based on the mtre des Archives and thekilogramme des Archives introduced by France in 1799. Over the years, the definitions of the metre and kilogram have been refined and the metric system has been extended to incorporate many more units. Although a number of variants of the metric system emerged in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries the term is now often [Note 1] used as a synonym for "SI" or the "International System of Units"the official system of measurement in almost every country in the world. METRIC SYSTEM1 LENGTH Unit kilometer hectometer dekameter meter decimeter centimeter millimeter micrometer Abbreviation km hm dam m dm cm mm m Number of Meters 1,000 100 10 1 0.1 0.01 0.001 0.000001 AREA Unit square kilometer hectare are square centimeter Abbreviation sq km or km2 ha a sq cm or cm
2

Approximate U.S. Equivalent 0.62 mile 328.08 feet 32.81 feet 39.37 inches 3.94 inches 0.39 inch 0.039 inch 0.000039 inch

Number of Square Meters 1,000,000 10,000 100 0.0001 VOLUME Number of Cubic Meters 1 0.001 0.000001 CAPACITY

Approximate U.S. Equivalent 0.3861 square miles 2.47 acres 119.60 square yards 0.155 square inch

Unit cubic meter cubic decimeter cubic centimeter

Abbreviation m3 dm
3

Approximate U.S. Equivalent 1.307 cubic yards 61.023 cubic inches 0.061 cubic inch

cu cm or cm3 also cc

Unit

Abbreviation

Number of Liters cubic

Approximate U.S. Equivalent dry liquid

kiloliter hectoliter dekaliter liter cubic decimeter deciliter centiliter milliliter microliter

kl hl dal l dm3 dl cl ml l

1,000 100 10 1 1 0.10 0.01 0.001 0.000001 Number of Grams 1,000,000 1,000 100 10 1 0.10 0.01 0.001 0.000001 Symbol millimeter centimeter meter kilometer milligram

1.31 cubic yards 3.53 cubic feet 0.35 cubic foot 61.02 cubic inches 61.02 cubic inches 6.1 cubic inches 0.61 cubic inch 0.061 cubic inch 0.000061 cubic inch 2.84 bushels 1.14 pecks 0.908 quart 0.908 quart 0.18 pint 2.64 gallons 1.057 quarts 1.057 quarts 0.21 pint 0.338 fluid ounce 0.27 fluid dram 0.00027 fluid dram

MASS AND WEIGHT Unit metric ton kilogram hectogram dekagram gram decigram centigram milligram microgram Quantity measured Length, width, distance, thickness, girth, etc. Abbreviation t kg hg dag g dg cg mg g Unit Approximate U.S. Equivalent 1.102 short tons 2.2046 pounds 3.527 ounces 0.353 ounce 0.035 ounce 1.543 grains 0.154 grain 0.015 grain 0.000015 grain Relationship mm cm m km mg g kg t s C m ha km mL cm L m m/s 1 ha = 1 km = 1000 mL = 1 cm = 1000 L = 10 000 m 100 ha 1L 1 mL 1 m 1 kg = 1t = 1000 g 1000 kg 1 km = 1000 mg = 1000 m 1g 10 mm = 100 cm = 1 cm 1m

Mass (weight)*

gram kilogram metric ton

Time Temperature

second degree Celsius square meter

Area

hectare square kilometer milliliter

Volume

cubic centimeter liter cubic meter

Speed, velocity

meter per second

kilometer per hour Density Force Pressure, stress Power kilogram per cubic meter newton kilopascal watt kilowatt kilojoule Energy megajoule kilowatt hour Electric current ampere

km/h kg/m

1 km/h =

0.278 m/s

N kPa W kW kJ MJ kWh A 1 MJ = 1 kWh = 1000 kJ 3.6 MJ 1 kW = 1000 W

1. Direct Proportion As one value increases, so does the other. 2. Indirect Proportion As one value increases, the other decreases. 3. Partitive Proportion A proportion describing the total amount being distributed into two or more unequal parts.

accent - stress or emphasis/a manner of speaking or pronunciation influenced by the region in which one lives or grew up

agape - wide open/a Greek word meaning love attribute - a characteristic or quality/to think of as belonging to or originating in some person, place or thing axes - the plural of ax or axe/the plural of axis bass - a deep voice or tone/a kind of fish bat - a piece of sporting equipment used in baseball/a winged animal associated with vampires bow - to bend at the waist/the front of a boat/a pair of tied loops buffet - to hit, punch or slap/a self-serve food bar bustier - an undergarment/more busty compact - small/to make small/a small case for holding makeup compound - to mix or combine/an enclosed area with a building or group of buildings inside content - happy or satisfied/all that is contained inside something contract - an agreement/to get, acquire or incur coordinates - brings into proper place or order/a set of numbers used to calculate position desert - a hot, arid region/to leave digest - a condensed version of some information/to change food in the stomach into a form that can be absorbed by the body discount - a reduction in price/to underestimate the significance of or give no credence to does - female deer (plural)/present, third person singular form of the verb do down - in a lower position/soft, furry feathers entrance - the place of entry/to bewitch, delight or enrapture evening - late afternoon/making more even fine - very good/sharp or keen/delicate or subtle/a sum of money paid to settle a matter

frequent - occurring regularly/to visit a place with regularity incense - a substance that produces a pleasant odor when burned/to infuriate or make very angry lead - to go first with followers behind/a type of metal minute - 60 seconds or 1/60th of an hour/extremely small moped - acted sad or gloomy/a bicycle with a motor object - a thing you can see or touch/a goal/a noun that receives the action of a verb/to be opposed to proceeds - advances or continues on/the money or profit gained from some sale or venture produce - to create or make/fresh fruits and vegetables project - a plan or proposal/to throw or hurl forward/to cause a shadow or image to fall upon a surface putting - the present participle of put/the present participle of putt number - a numeral/to count/more numb refuse - waste or garbage/to reject or decline to accept row - a fight/to propel a boat forward using oars/a line second - 1/60th of a minute/after the first subject - under some authority or control/to bring under authority or control/to make liable or vulnerable/a topic/the noun in a sentence about which something is said in the predicate tear - to rip/a drop of water from the eye wind - to turn/moving air wound - turned/an injury

agape with mouth open OR love bass type of fish OR low, deep voice bat - piece of sports equipment OR an animal

bow type of knot OR to incline down a lower place OR soft fluff on a bird entrance the way in OR to delight evening smoothing out OR after sunset fine of good quality OR a levy learned past tense of learn OR knowledgeable minute tiny OR unit of time moped was gloomy OR motorcyle number more numb OR numerical value row line OR argument OR propel a boat sewer drain OR person who sews wave move the hand in greeting OR sea water coming into shore

Bear (animal) and bear (carry) * porter (a weak beer) and porter (a man who carries luggage) * lean (thin) and lean (rest against) * lap (to drink with tongue) and lap (a circuit) * plane (a tool) and plane (a tree) * plain (ordinary looking) and plain (flat country) * skip (to jump) and skip (to miss out) * miss (unmarried woman) and miss (to overlook) * pluck (to remove feathers) and pluck (bravery) * type (to write via keyboard) and type (a sort) * train (a loco and trucks) and train (to teach) * fluke (a stroke of luck Fluke ( the fins on a whales tail) * bow (bend forward) bow (front of a ship) * quail (cower) quail (bird) * fair (appearance) fair (reasonable) * lie (horizontal position) lie (falsehood or untruth expressed as truth) * lead (metal) Lead (start off in front) * blue (the color) blue (the feeling of sadness)

1.

2.

beet, beat 2. through, threw 3. ate, eight 4. read, red 5. reed, red 6. tee, tea 7. see, sea 8. led, lead 9. their, there 10. weight, wait 11. too to two 12 sail , sale 13. ant aunt 14 right write Write, right Here, hear Pin, pen You, ewe rap, wrap carrot, caret cannon, canon steal, steel wood, would pee, pea