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HTML Design and Process: Lesson 1: The Theory of HTML What Is HTML?

HTML is the markup language used to structure and present content on the World Wide Web. It uses tags to indicate elements like paragraphs, headings, lists, and more. A web page is an HTML document that can be viewed in a web browser. Websites are collections of related web pages that are connected through hyperlinks. The web works by a client, like a web browser, making requests to a server hosting web pages. The server then responds by sending the requested pages back to the client.

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62 views8 pages

HTML Design and Process: Lesson 1: The Theory of HTML What Is HTML?

HTML is the markup language used to structure and present content on the World Wide Web. It uses tags to indicate elements like paragraphs, headings, lists, and more. A web page is an HTML document that can be viewed in a web browser. Websites are collections of related web pages that are connected through hyperlinks. The web works by a client, like a web browser, making requests to a server hosting web pages. The server then responds by sending the requested pages back to the client.

Uploaded by

Louise Landicho
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 2 HTML Design and Process

Lesson 1 : THE THEORY OF HTML What is HTML?


HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language. It is the language that most web pages are written in. It also contains special tags that determine the presentation of web information in our browser. It is not a programming language, but a markup language. It also uses markup tags to describe web pages.

Basic Rules of HTML

Html uses tags to markup the text of a web page.


HTML tags SHOULD be surrounded by angle brackets like <head>. HTML tags SHOULD come in pairs like <u> and </u>. The first tag in a pair is the start tag, and the next one is the end tag. Start and end tags are also called opening tags and closing tags.

Types of Tags
<p> This is a paragraph. </p>

The <p> is the opening tag that indicates that the browser should display a paragraph. While on the other hand, a closing tag (</p>) looks similar except that it is initiated by a forward slash. Opening tags consist of a sequence of characters that indicate the meaning of the tag, of course surrounded by angle brackets. (<) (>) A closing tag indicates the end of the meaning of the tag. The pair of opening and closing tags are used to surround text that should be set aside as a separate paragraph.

HTML Documents = Web Pages


HTML documents describe web pages. HTML documents contain HTML tags and plain text. HTML documents are also called web pages.

A web browser is created to read HTML documents and display them as web pages. The browser doesnt display the HTML tags, but uses the tags to interpret the content of the page.

HTML Basic Pattern

Editing HTML
In editing HTML, a program like Notepad is used. It is also believed to be the best editor to learn HTML. However, if youre a professional web developer, it is advised to use programs like FrontPage or Dreamweaver instead of settling for Notepad.

Saving and Opening the Document


In saving HTML documents, you have to save them twice. First, as a text file (.txt) and finally, as an HTML file (.html). It is important to save your site documents in a designated folder so you know where to find them. It is also advisable to use simple names, like file1.html or web.htm for easier access. The filename extensions that can be used in saving your file as an HTML one are .html and .htm. To open the document, make sure to use the All Files in the file type box. Remember that if youre using a word processor for your hand coding, be sure to Save As Text or you will end up with word document and may not be recognized by your browser.

Concepts of Web

There are a few words interlinked with web that sometimes get confusing for us. Let us see the differences below. The internet is the network of the several different computers which are connected through the linkage of accessories like copper wires, fiber optics and wireless connections. It is also known as the network of networks. While the World Wide Web (WWW) consists of the interlinked connections of information and documents which are taken as the resource by the general public. This is how millions of pages over the world display their document over the Internet. Most of these documents are using special type of protocol like the HTTP or the Hyper Text Transfer Protocol.

What is a Web Page?


A Web Page is an interactive electronic document where text, graphics, and sounds are posted.

What is a Web Site?


A Web Site is a collection of related web pages. Its like a compilation of web pages that is interrelated with each other and contains the needed information. It can be viewed through its address known as Uniform Resource Locator (URL).

How the Web works?

First, a web page is requested when a URL is typed into the address bar of a users browser. This request is sent to the server where the information is held. Then the server finds the page that the user has requested, and responds by sending the page back to the client. This is sometimes called the request/response model.

Browsers
A web browser is a software application for retrieving, presenting, and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web. An information resource in identified by a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) and may be a web page, image, video, or other piece of information. Examples are Internet Explorer, Opera, Google Chrome and Safari.

Chapter 3

Advanced Markup
Traditional Page Layout Tables and Layout
Tables are used to display data on web sites. But there is an alternative use for them. Tables make it possible to divide text into columns, and to separate blocks of text and graphics into either columns of a specified pixel-width or a percentage width relative to the other columns in the table. They are also used to lay out sections of text and graphics in imitation of how this is done in printed media.

More Complex Tables


Definitions of row and column widths and heights can make an interesting combination of cell shapes and sizes to be used to

construct a layout using a table. The rowspan and colspan attribute of the <td> element direct cells to span more than one row or column.

<html> <title> Complex Table </title> <table width=400 border=1> <tr> <td colspan=4> This cell has a colspan of 4 </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan=3> This cell has a rowspan of 3 </td> <td> &nbsp; </td> <td> &nbsp; </td> <td> &nbsp; </td> <td> &nbsp; </td>

</tr> <tr> <td> &nbsp; </td> <td> &nbsp; </td> <td> &nbsp; </td> </tr>

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