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Math - P6 (Circles)

The document discusses circles and composite figures, including definitions of circles, radii, diameters, circumferences, and areas of circles. It provides examples of calculating areas and perimeters of composite figures made of circles, rectangles, and other shapes. The examples become more complex, involving fractions of areas and multiple overlapping circles.

Uploaded by

Valerie Tan
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5K views39 pages

Math - P6 (Circles)

The document discusses circles and composite figures, including definitions of circles, radii, diameters, circumferences, and areas of circles. It provides examples of calculating areas and perimeters of composite figures made of circles, rectangles, and other shapes. The examples become more complex, involving fractions of areas and multiple overlapping circles.

Uploaded by

Valerie Tan
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Primary 6 Challenging Mathematics

Lesson 14: CIRCLES AND COMPOSITE FIGURES (PART I)


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Circles And Composite Figures Overview

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What are Circles?

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Primary 6 Challenging Mathematics

What are Circles?


A circle is a simple shape consisting of points in a plane which are the same distance from a given point called the centre.

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Primary 6 Challenging Mathematics

What are Circles?


A circle is a simple shape consisting of points in a plane which are the same distance from a given point called the centre.

centre

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Primary 6 Challenging Mathematics

What is a Radius?
Draw a line from the centre to any point on the edge of the circle. This line is the radius of the circle.

radius radius centre

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Primary 6 Challenging Mathematics

What is a Diameter?
Fold the circle into half and you get a line as shown. This line is known as the diameter of the circle.

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Primary 6 Challenging Mathematics

diameter

Diameter Versus Radius


Can you see the relationship between radius and diameter? diameter = 2 x radius

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diameter

What is a Circumference?
The circumference of a circle is its perimeter.

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Primary 6 Challenging Mathematics

What is a Circumference?
The circumference of any circle is about 3.14 times the diameter. This approximate value , 3.14, is represented by (read as pi).

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Primary 6 Challenging Mathematics

What is a Circumference?
is or approximately 3.14. Circumference of a circle = x diameter or 2 x x radius
22 7

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Primary 6 Challenging Mathematics

Area of a Circle
If we cut a circle according to the diagram below and rearrange them, we get something that looks like a rectangle.

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Primary 6 Challenging Mathematics

Area of a Circle
Thus, area of circle = x radius x radius

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Primary 6 Challenging Mathematics

Overview: Example 1
The figure is made up of a rectangle and two semicircles. Find the area of the 22 figure. (Take = 7 )

14 m

20 m

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Primary 6 Challenging Mathematics

Overview: Example 1
20 x 14 = 280 m2 Area of rectangle is 280 m2. 7 x 7 = 154 m2 Area of the two semicircles is 154 m2. 280 + 154 = 434 Area of the figure is 434 m2.
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22 x 7

14 m

20 m

Overview: Example 2
The figure is made up of four identical quadrants. Find the area and perimeter of 22 the figure. (Take = 7 )

7 cm
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Primary 6 Challenging Mathematics

Overview: Example 2
For one quadrant, 2 area = x 22 x 7 x 7 = 38.5 cm 7 perimeter = 7 + 7 + x 2 x 22 x7 7 or alternatively, = 7 + 7 + 11 = 25 cm Since there are 4 quadrants, area = 38.5 x 4 = 154 cm2 perimeter = 25 x 4 = 100 cm
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area of 4 quadrants = area of 1 circle

7 cm

Circles And Composite Figures


Challenging Word Problems

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Primary 6 Challenging Mathematics

Challenging Word Problem: Example 1


The figure is made up of a square and two quadrants. Find the area and perimeter of the shaded part. (Take = 3.14)

12 cm

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Primary 6 Challenging Mathematics

Challenging Word Problem: Example 1


Solution: Lets divide the shaded area into half as shown in the diagram below. The area of that shaded region:

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Primary 6 Challenging Mathematics

Challenging Word Problem: Example 1


Solution: x 3.14 x 12 x 12 = 113.04 Area of quadrant is 113.04 cm2. x 12 x 12 = 72 Area of triangle is 72 cm2.

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Primary 6 Challenging Mathematics

Challenging Word Problem: Example 1


Solution: 113.04 72 = 41.04.

41.04 x 2 = 82.08
12 cm

Area of shaded region is 82.08 cm2.


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Primary 6 Challenging Mathematics

Challenging Word Problem: Example 1


Solution: For the perimeter, it is formed by 2 times the edge of a quadrant. 2 x x 2 x 3.14 x 12 = 37.68 Perimeter of shaded region is 37.68 cm.
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12 cm

Challenging Word Problem: Example 2


ABCD is a square of side 14 cm. The unshaded parts of the figure are 4 quadrants. What fraction of the square is 22 shaded? (Take = 7 )

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Primary 6 Challenging Mathematics

Challenging Word Problem: Example 2


Solution: Note that the 4 quadrants form a circle. 14 x 14 = 196 The area of the square is 196 cm2.
22 7 x

7 x 7 = 154 The area of the 4 quadrants is 154 cm2.


Primary 6 Challenging Mathematics

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Challenging Word Problem: Example 2


Solution: 196 154 = 42 The area of the shaded area is 42 cm2.
3 42 = 196 14

3 14

of the square is shaded.

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Challenging Word Problem: Example 3


The figure shows two squares of side 8 cm and 14 cm respectively. Find the area of 22 the shaded part. (Take = 7 )

14 cm 8 cm

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Primary 6 Challenging Mathematics

Challenging Word Problem: Example 3


Solution: =
22 x 7

x 14 x 14 = 154 Area of quadrant is 154 cm2. 8 x 8 = 64 Area of smaller square is 64 cm2.


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Primary 6 Challenging Mathematics

Challenging Word Problem: Example 3


Solution: = -

x (14 + 8) x 8 = 88 Area of triangle is 88 cm2. 154 + 64 88 = 130 Area of shaded region is 130 cm2.
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Challenging Word Problem: Example 4


The figure below shows 4 circles each touching the big circle exactly at one point. Given that each small circle has a radius of 7 cm, find the total area of the shaded 22 region. (Take = 7 )

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Challenging Word Problem: Example 4


Solution: Note that the shaded area of the two figures are identical.

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Primary 6 Challenging Mathematics

Challenging Word Problem: Example 4


Solution: x 22 x 14 x 14 = 308 7 Area of large semicircle is 308 cm2.
22 7

x 7 x 7 = 154

Area of small circle is 154 cm2.


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Primary 6 Challenging Mathematics

Challenging Word Problem: Example 4


Solution: 308 154 = 154 Area of shaded region is 154 cm2.

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Primary 6 Challenging Mathematics

Challenging Word Problem: Example 5


The figure below is made up of circles of 3 different diameters. What fraction of the figure is shaded?

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Primary 6 Challenging Mathematics

Challenging Word Problem: Example 5


Solution: Note that the shaded area of the two figures are identical.

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Primary 6 Challenging Mathematics

Challenging Word Problem: Example 5


Solution: Let radius of smallest circle be 10 cm (or any number you can conveniently choose). x x 40 x 40 = 800 Area of large semicircle is 800 cm2.

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Primary 6 Challenging Mathematics

Challenging Word Problem: Example 5


Solution: 4 x x x 10 x 10 = 200 Area of 4 smallest semicircle is 200 cm2. 800 200 = 600 Area of 4 shaded region is 600 cm2.
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Primary 6 Challenging Mathematics

Challenging Word Problem: Example 5


Solution: x 40 x 40 = 1600 Area of largest circle is 1600 cm2.
3 600 = 8 1600 3 of the area is shaded. 8

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Primary 6 Challenging Mathematics

End

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Primary 6 Challenging Mathematics

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