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    Solution Manual Fluid Mechanics 4th Edition Frank M White

    Uploaded by

    Luis A Poaquiza
    The document discusses dimensional analysis and dimensional homogeneity in fluid mechanics equations. It provides examples of checking equations for dimensional homogeneity, including the efficiency equation for a pump, the relation for dam flow rate, and the x-momentum equation for boundary layers. It also discusses applying dimensional analysis to evaluate the Hazen-Williams hydraulic formula and determine the dimensions of its constant term.

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    Solution Manual Fluid Mechanics 4th Edition Frank M White

    Uploaded by

    Luis A Poaquiza
    4K views3 pages
    The document discusses dimensional analysis and dimensional homogeneity in fluid mechanics equations. It provides examples of checking equations for dimensional homogeneity, including the efficiency equation for a pump, the relation for dam flow rate, and the x-momentum equation for boundary layers. It also discusses applying dimensional analysis to evaluate the Hazen-Williams hydraulic formula and determine the dimensions of its constant term.

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    130718487 Solution Manual Fluid Mechanics 4th Edition Frank M White

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    The document discusses dimensional analysis and dimensional homogeneity in fluid mechanics equations. It provides examples of checking equations for dimensional homogeneity, including the efficiency equation for a pump, the relation for dam flow rate, and the x-momentum equation for boundary layers. It also discusses applying dimensional analysis to evaluate the Hazen-Williams hydraulic formula and determine the dimensions of its constant term.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    4K views3 pages

    Solution Manual Fluid Mechanics 4th Edition Frank M White

    Uploaded by

    Luis A Poaquiza
    The document discusses dimensional analysis and dimensional homogeneity in fluid mechanics equations. It provides examples of checking equations for dimensional homogeneity, including the efficiency equation for a pump, the relation for dam flow rate, and the x-momentum equation for boundary layers. It also discusses applying dimensional analysis to evaluate the Hazen-Williams hydraulic formula and determine the dimensions of its constant term.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    The text discusses dimensional analysis and developing dimensionally homogeneous equations for fluid flow problems.

    Q = CBg^1/2H^3/2, where C is a dimensionless constant

    The formula is not dimensionally homogeneous as B and H do not contain the dimension of time

    Chapter 1 Introduction

    1.13

    The efficiency of a pump is defined as

    Qp Input Power

    where Q is volume flow and p the pressure rise produced by the pump. What is if p = 35 psi, Q = 40 L/s, and the input power is 16 horsepower? Solution: The student should perhaps verify that Qp has units of power, so that is a dimensionless ratio. Then convert everything to consistent units, for example, BG: lbf lbf Q = 40 = 1.41 ; s s p = 35 = 5040 in
    2

    ft

    ftlbf

    ft

    2;

    Power = 16(550) = 8800


    3

    =
    81% Ans.

    (1.41 ft /s)(5040 lbf /ft 2 ) 0.81 or 8800 ftlbf /s

    Similarly, one could convert to SI units: Q = 0.04 m /s, p = 241300 Pa, and input power = 16(745.7) = 11930 W, thus h = (0.04)(241300)/(11930) = 0.81. Ans.

    1.14 The volume flow Q over a dam is proportional to dam width B and also varies with gravity g and excess water height H upstream, as shown in Fig. P1.14. What is the only possible dimensionally homogeneous relation for this flow rate? Solution: form: So far we know that Q = B fcn(H,g). Write this in dimensional

    Fig. P1.14 3

    {Q} =

    L T

    = {B}{f (H,g)} = {L}{f (H,g)}, L T


    2

    or: {f (H,g)} =

    So the function fcn(H,g) must provide dimensions of {L /T}, but only g contains time. 1/2 Therefore g must enter in the form g to accomplish this. The relation is now

    Q = Bg fcn(H),
    8
    Edition

    1/2

    or: {L /T} = {L}{L /T}{fcn(H)},

    1/2

    or: {fcn(H)} = {L }

    3/2

    Solutions Manual Fluid Mechanics, Fifth

    In order for fcn(H) to provide dimensions of {L }, the function must be a 3/2 power. Thus the final desired homogeneous relation for dam flow is: Q = CBg H ,
    1/2 3/2

    3/2

    where C is a dimensionless constant

    Ans.

    1.15 As a practical application of Fig. P1.14, often termed a sharp-crested weir, civil 3/2 3 engineers use the following formula for flow rate: Q 3.3 BH , with Q in ft /s and B and H in feet. Is this formula dimensionally homogeneous? If not, try to explain the difficulty and how it might be converted to a more homogeneous form. Solution: Clearly the formula cannot be dimensionally homogeneous, because B and H do not contain the dimension time. The formula would be invalid for anything except English units (ft, sec). By comparing with the answer to Prob. 1.14 just above, we see that the constant 3.3 hides the square root of the acceleration of gravity.

    1.16

    Test the dimensional homogeneity of the boundary-layer x-momentum equation:

    +
    x

    + v

    + g

    Solution: This equation, like all theoretical partial differential equations in mechanics, is dimensionally homogeneous. Test each term in sequence:

    u u u = v M / LT 2 M p = = y 3 L T L 2 2 L T 2 2 L T 2 M/ LT
    = = ; L

    M L L/T =

    L M L M { g x } =

    L T

    x =

    L T
    2 2

    L T

    All terms have dimension {ML T }. This equation may use any consistent units.

    1.17

    Investigate the consistency of the Hazen-Williams formula from hydraulics:

    Q = 61.9D2.63
    0.54

    p L

    What are the dimensions of the constant 61.9? Can this equation be used with confidence for a variety of liquids and gases?

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