Specification Sheet: Alloy 625

(UNS N06625) W. Nr. 2.4856

An Austenitic Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Niobium Alloy with Outstanding Corrosion Resistance and High Strength from Cryogenic Temperatures to 1800F (982C)
Alloy 625 is an austenitic nickelchromium-molybdenum-niobium alloy possessing a rare combination of outstanding corrosion resistance coupled with high strength from cryogenic temperatures to 1800F (982C). The strength of Alloy 625 is derived from the solid-solution hardening of the nickel-chromium matrix by the presence of molybdenum and niobium. Therefore, precipitation-hardening treatments are not required. The chemical composition of Alloy 625 is also responsible for its outstanding corrosion resistance in a variety of severe operating environments along with resistance to oxidation and carburization in high temperature service. The alloy is resistant to pitting, crevice corrosion, impingement corrosion, intergranular attack and is almost immune to chloride stress corrosion cracking. Alloy 625 can be easily welded and processed by standard shop fabrication practices.

Applications
A  erospace Componentsbellows and expansion joints, ducting systems, jet engine exhaust systems, engine thrust-reversers, turbine shroud rings  Air Pollution Controlchimney liners, dampers, flue gas desulfurization (FGD) components  Chemical Processingequipment handling both oxidizing and reducing acids, super-phosphoric acid production  Marine Servicesteam line bellows, Navy ship exhaust systems, submarine auxiliary propulsion systems  Nuclear Industryreactor core and control rod components, waste reprocessing equipment  Offshore Oil and Gas Productionwaste flare gas stacks, piping systems, riser sheathing, sour gas piping and tubing  Petroleum Refiningwaste flare gas stacks Waste Treatmentwaste incineration components

Chemical Analysis
Weight % (all values are maximum unless a range is otherwise indicated)
Nickel Chromium Molybdenum 58.0 min. 20.0 min.23.0 max. 8.0 min.10.0 max. Silicon 0.50 Phosphorus 0.015 Sulfur 0.015

Iron 5.0 Aluminum 0.40 3.15 min.4.15 max. Titanium 0.40

Niobium (plus Tantalum)

Carbon 0.10 Cobalt (if determined) 1.0

Standards
ASTM................ B 443 ASME................ SB 443 AMS.................. 5599

Manganese 0.50

Mechanical Properties
Typical Values at 68F (20C)
Yield Strength .2% Offset psi (MPa) 65,000 448 Ultimate Tensile Strength psi (MPa) 125,000 862 Elongation Hardness in 2 in. % 50 200 Brinell

Oxidation Resistance
The oxidation and scaling resistance of Alloy 625 is superior to a number of heat resistant austenitic stainless steels such as 304, 309, 310 and 347 up to 1800F (982C) and under cyclic heating and cooling conditions. Above 1800F (982C), scaling can become a restrictive factor in service.

Physical Properties
Density 0.305 lbs/in3 8.44 g/cm3 Modulus of Elasticity 30.1 x 106 psi 207.5 GPa Melting Range 23502460F 12901350C Specific Heat 0.102 BTU/lb-F (32212F) 427 J/kg-C (0100C) Thermal Conductivity 212F (100C) 75 BTU-in/ft 2 -h-F 10.8 W/m-C Electrical Resistivity 50.8 Microhm-in at 70F 128.9 Microhm-cm at 21C

S A N D M E Y E R S T E E L C O M PA N Y
O N E S A N D M E Y E R L A N E P H I L A D E L P H I A , PA 1 9 1 1 6 - 3 5 9 8 8 0 0 - 5 2 3 - 3 6 6 3 + 1 - 2 1 5 - 4 6 4 - 7 1 0 0 FA X + 1 - 2 1 5 - 6 7 7 - 1 4 3 0
Alloy 625 02/2013 5000

www.SandmeyerSteel.com

Providing Solutions, With Materials and Value Added Products, for Process Industries

Material selection chart for nickel alloys in pure phosphoric acid.

Mean Coefficient of Thermal Expansion

Temperature Range F C 93 in/in/F 140 >20 mpy 7.1 x 10-6 (>0.50 mm/a) for nickel7.3 x 10-6 120 based alloys 7.4 x 10-6 10-6
Temperature, C

Average corrosion rates for nickel alloys in 10% nitric acid at boiling temperatures.

cm/cm C
Average Corrosion Rate, mpy

10

17.5

300

Temperature, F 250 212 200

200

12.8 x 10-6 13.1 x 10-6 13.3 x 10-6 13.7 x 10-6

400 Atmospheric boiling204 point curve 600 316 800 1000 1200 1400

427 7.6 x 100 10 mpy (< (<0.25 <10 0.25 mm/a) for Alloy 625 < -6 538 (<0.25 mm/a) for Alloy 825 7.8 x 10 <10 mpy (< 0.25 (<0.50 <20 mpy (< 0.50 mm/a) for Alloy 400 649 8.2 x 10-6 80 760 871 927 60
80

14.0 x 10-6 14.8 x 10-6 15.3 x 10-6

150

8.5 x 10-6 8.8 x 10-6 9.0 x 10-6 100

60

2 0.6 0 0.03 Alloy 690 Alloy 825 Alloy 625 1

1.8

1600 < 1 mpy (< 0.025 mm/a) for Alloy 825 < 10 mpy (< 0.25 mm/a) for Alloy 400 1700 20 40

15.8 x 10-6 16.2 x 10-6

Alloy 600

Alloy C-276

Phosphoric Acid, % by Weight

Corrosion Resistance
The highly alloyed chemical composition of Alloy 625 imparts outstanding corrosion resistance in a variety of severely corrosive environments. The alloy is virtually immune to attack in mild conditions such as the atmosphere, fresh and sea water, neutral salts and alkaline solutions. Nickel and chromium provide resistance to oxidizing solutions and the combination of nickel and molybdenum supply resistance in non-oxidizing environments. Molybdenum also makes Alloy 625 resistant to pitting and crevice corrosion, while niobium acts as a stabilizer during welding to prevent intergranular cracking. The high nickel content of Alloy 625 makes it virtually immune to chloride stress corrosion cracking. The alloy resists attack by mineral acids such as hydrochloric, nitric, phosphoric and sulfuric, and to alkalis and organic acids in both oxidizing and reducing conditions. Resistance of Nickel Alloys to Impingement Attack by Seawater at 150 ft/sec (45.7 m/s)
Corrosion/Erosion Rate ALLOY mpy Alloy 625 Alloy 825 Alloy K-500 Alloy 400 Nickel 200 Nil 0.3 0.4 mm/a

Iso-corrosion chart for Alloy 625 in hydrochloric acid. 110 212 200 >50 mpy (>1.3 mm/a) Boiling point curve 100 90 80 70 60 125 2050 mpy (0.511.3 mm/a) 520 mpy (0.130.51 mm/a) <5 mpy (<0.13 mm/a) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 HCL Concentration, % 50 40 30 25

150

100

77

Nil 0.008 0.01

Iso-corrosion chart for Alloy 625 in sulfuric acid. 400 350 Boiling point curve 150 Temperature, C 200

0.4 Corrosion/Erosion Rate 0.01 40 1.0

Temperature, F

Corrosion-Resistance of Nickel Alloys in Four 24-hour Tests in Boiling Acetic Acid

ALLOY Acetic Acid Concentration Corrosion/Erosion Rate mpy 0.600.63 0.390.77 0.410.45 <0.1* mm/a 0.01520.160 0.010.019 0.0110.0114 <0.01*

300 250 200 150 100 50 520 mpy (0.130.51 mm/a) <5 mpy (<0.13 mm/a)

>20 mpy (>0.51 mm/a)

100

Alloy 825 Alloy 625 Alloy C-276 Alloy 686

10% 10% 10% 80%

50

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 H2SO4 Concentration, %

Temperature, C

Temperature, F

175

The comparative PREN number for Alloy 625 is shown in the table below. Pitting Resistance Equivalency Numbers (PREN)* for Corrosion-Resistant Alloys
ALLOY

Fabrication Data
Alloy 625 can be easily welded and processed by standard shop fabrication practices, however because the high strength of the alloy, it resists deformation at hotworking temperatures. Hot Forming The hot-working temperature range for Alloy 625 is 16502150F (9001177C). Heavy working needs to occur as close to 2150F (1177C) as possible, while lighter working can take place down to 1700F (927C). Hot-working should occur in uniform reductions to prevent duplex grain structure Cold Forming Alloy 625 can be cold-formed by the standard shop fabrication practices. The alloy should be in the annealed condition. Work hardening rates are higher than the austenitic stainless steels. Welding Alloy 625 can be readily welded by most standard processes including GTAW (TIG), PLASMA, GMAW (MIG/MAG), SAW and SMAW (MMA). A post weld heat treatment is not necessary. Brushing with a stainless steel wire brush after welding will remove the heat tint and produce a surface area that does not require additional pickling. Machining Alloy 625 should preferably be machined in the annealed condition. Since Alloy 625 is prone to workhardening, only low cutting speeds should be used and the cutting tool should be engaged at all times. Adequate cut depth is necessary to assure avoiding contact with the previously formed work-hardened zone.

Ni Cr Mo W Nb N PREN 12 13 42 34 44 62 58 60 24 58 17 18 21.5 21 22 22 16 20.5 21 20.5 2.2 3.8 3 4.3 7 9 16 14 6.2 16.3 3.5 3.5 3.5 - 3.5 0.22 20.4 23.7 26.0 27.4 32.5 40.8 45.2 46.8 48.0 50.8

316 Stainless Steel 317 Stainless Steel Alloy 825 Alloy 864 Alloy G-3 Alloy 625 Alloy C-276 Alloy 622 SSC-6MO Alloy 686

* (PREN) = %CR + 1.5 (%Mo + %W + %Nb) + 30 (%N) The comparative PREN number for alloy 625 is Nickel shown in the table Corrosion-Resistance of Alloys inbelow. 24-hour Tests in

Boiling 40% Formic Acid

ALLOY

Corrosion Rate mpy Alloy 825 Nickel 200 Alloy 400 Alloy 600 Alloy G-3 Alloy 625 Alloy C-276 7.9 10.310.5 1.52.7 10.0 1.82.1 6.87.8 2.82.9 mm/a 0.2 0.260.27 0.0380.068 0.25 0.0460.05 0.170.19 0.070.074

Material selection chart for nickel alloys in pure phosphoric acid.

Average corrosion rates for nickel alloys 10% nitric acid at boiling temperatures.

300

140 >20 mpy (>0.50 mm/a) for nickelbased alloys

212 200 <10 10 mpy (<0.25 mm/a) for Alloy 625 < <10 mpy (<0.25 mm/a) for Alloy 825 <20 mpy (<0.50 mm/a) for Alloy 400

100

Temperature, C

Temperature, F

250

Atmospheric boiling point curve

120

Average Corrosion Rate, mpy

The information and data in this product data sheet are accurate to the 10 best of our knowledge and belief, but are intended for informational purposes only, and may be revised at any time without notice. Applications suggested for the 8 materials are described only to help readers make their own evaluations and decisions, and are neither guarantees nor to be construed as express or implied warranties 5 of suitability for these or other applications.
4

80 150 <1 mpy (<0.025 mm/a) for Alloy 825 <10 mpy (<0.25 mm/a) for Alloy 400 0 20 40 60 80 100 60

2 0.6 0 0.03 Alloy 690 Alloy 825 Alloy 625 1

1.8

Alloy 600

Phosphoric Acid, % by Weight

SANDMEYER

Iso-corrosion STEEL CO M PA Nchart Y for Alloy 625 in hydrochloric acid.

212

>50 mpy (>1.3 mm/a)

Boiling point curve