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Earth Mat Calculation

The document provides calculations for the earthmat design of a new 33/11kV substation in West Bengal. It includes soil data, conductor specifications, switchyard dimensions, number of earth electrodes, and methodology for determining tolerable touch and step voltages, grid resistance, maximum grid current, ground potential rise, and attainable mesh and step voltages. The key findings are that the calculated mesh voltage is lower than the tolerable touch voltage, the calculated step voltage is lower than the tolerable step voltage, and the calculated grid resistance is less than 1 ohm, indicating the design is safe.

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SOUMEN
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1K views

Earth Mat Calculation

The document provides calculations for the earthmat design of a new 33/11kV substation in West Bengal. It includes soil data, conductor specifications, switchyard dimensions, number of earth electrodes, and methodology for determining tolerable touch and step voltages, grid resistance, maximum grid current, ground potential rise, and attainable mesh and step voltages. The key findings are that the calculated mesh voltage is lower than the tolerable touch voltage, the calculated step voltage is lower than the tolerable step voltage, and the calculated grid resistance is less than 1 ohm, indicating the design is safe.

Uploaded by

SOUMEN
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as XLSX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EARTHMAT DESIGN CALCULATION FOR 33/11KV NEW SUB-STATION AT MANBAZAR (PKG-III) IN PURULIA DISTRICT OF WEST BENGAL Description

1.0

Symbol

Unit

Value

SYSTEM DATA RMS Value of symmetrical fault current Fault clearing time for conductor selection

I tr

kA sec -m -m m

= = = = =

25 3 35.89 2000 0.2 (As per soil resistivity Report)

1.1

SOIL DATA Soil Resistivity (Average) Surface Resistivity Thickness of surface layer

s
hs

1.2

Grid Conductor Data The Conductor Selected is 50x6 mm MS Flat Max allowable temperature of the conductor Ambient temperature Reference temperature for material constant Coefficient of resistivity at 0 C (Mild Steel) Coefficient of resistivrty at TrC (Mild Steel) Resistivity of ground conductor Thermal capacity factor Equivalent Diameter of grid conductor in m Spacing of grid conductor Chosen Depth of burial of Grid conductor
Duration of shock

Tm Ta Tr

C C C

= = = = =

620 50 20 0.00423 0.0039 15 3.749 0.02 4 0.6 1.0

o(1/Ko) r
r
TCAP

-cm
J/cm/C m m m Sec

= = = = = =

d D h

ts

1.3

SWITCHYARD DATA (Refer Annexture-II for Earthgrid layout) Length of Rectangle Width of Rectangle Area of substation Grid conductor periphery length Maximum distance along grid length Maximum distance along grid width
m m

= = = = = = = = = =

48 16 768.0 128 48 16

A Lp Lx Ly De Lr N

Sq.m m m m

1.4

EARTH ELECTRODE DATA Diameter of Pipe/rod earth electrode in m Length of each rod conductor in m No.of Earth electrodes Total length of ground rods
(Refer Annexture-I for No. of Earth Electrodes) m m Nos m 0.02 3 100 300

(64

2.0

METHODOLOGY:

2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4

The Earthing Design Calculation is done as per the recommendations given in IEEE Std. 80,2000 The Average soil resistivity value is taken from the soil test report. Design of Earthing Mat for High Voltage Substation - CBIP Publication No.223 (1992) The Following are considered for determination of grounding conductor length Total length of Earthmat Length of Earth electrodes Length of Auxiliary Earth mat for isolators

3.1

Determination of grounding conductor length: The Earth Mat spacing considered for safe Step & Touch Potential Area of Substation A Sq.M Grid conductor periphery length Lp m Maximum distance along grid length Lx m Maximum distance along grrd width Ly m Length of each ground rod Lr m Total length of ground rods LR m Spacing of grid conductor chosen D m
= 4m x 4m 768.0 128 48 16 3 300 4

= = = = = =
=

Estimation of Grid Conductor Length Rectangle-1 (16 m x 48 m) The number of conductors parallel to the breadth The number of conductors parallel to the length Length of Conductor for Rectangle The total length of the grid conductor along the Length & Width in the switchyard Grid conductor Combined Length (Lc) used in the switchyard = = = = = =
= 3.2 Calculation of Tolerable Touch voltage (E t) & Step voltage (Es) The Surface Layer Derating Factor 13 5 128 448 448

Lc

Effective length of the buried Conductor in m

LT

Lc + LR
748

Cs is given by

0.09 x Cs =

1 - /
2hs + 0.09
Cs =

10.8196

Tolerable Touch Voltage

Et is given by

((1000+1.5Cs x s) x 0.116)/(t_s Et50 = )

Et50 =
Tolerable Step Voltage

401.229 V

Es is given by

((1000+6Cs x s) x 0.116)/(t_s ) Es50 =

Es50 =
3.3 Determinatoin of Grid resistance (Rg)

1256.915 V

Rg =

1/Lt+1/(20.A)1+1/(1
Rg =
0.602

Since the Grid resistance is Rg is Less than 1 , the Design is Safe. 3.5 Determination of Maximum Grid Current ( IG )

IG = Df.Sf.If
Where

Df - Decrement Factor for Tf Sf - Current Division Factor If - Symmetrical ground fault current
No. of 33kV Transmission Line No. of 11kV Distribution Line

= kA = = = =

1 25 1 4 0.602

Rg - Station Ground Impedence Sf = 0.5 (Refer Curve C-1 of IEEE-80-2000) Ig = 1 x 0.5 x 25


= Shock duration time ts=1 sec. 3.5 Determination of Ground Potential Rise (GPR)

Ohms

12.5 kA

GPR = IG x Rg
= 7519.87 V

3.6 3.6.1

Calculation of Attainable Mesh Voltage (Et) & Step Voltage (Es) Determination of the effective no. of Parallel Conductor (n)

n = na x nb x nc x nd
Where

na = 2/
=

7.000

nb =

((6
=

1.075 0.0009115 1.000 1 7.522 1.757 -1.34988313 4.771

nc =

(64&"("
=

nd = 1 (For square, rectangle, & L- Shaped grids.)


nd =

3.6.2

Determination of

Ki : Km :

n=

Ki =
3.6.3 Determination of

Km =

(64&1/2)[ln((64&D/16hd

Kii = 1 (For a grid with earth electrodes along the perimeter or for grids with electrodes in grid
corners as well as both along the perimeter and throughout the grid area)

Kh =
Where 3.6.4

(64&

Kii =
=

1 1.265 0.5445

h0 = 1m (Grid reference depth) Km = Ks:

Determination of

Ks =
3.6.5

(64&1/
=

0.41230

Determination of the effective buried length of conductor ( Lm for Touch voltage) For grids with earth electrodes

Lm =

Lc+(1.55+1.22((64&
=
934.701

3.6.6

Determination of the effective buried Length of conductor ( Ls for Step Voltage):

Ls = 0.75 (+ 0.85 L

for grids with or without ground rods

Ls =
Attainable Mesh Voltage

591

Em is given by

Em =
Attainable Step voltage

(64&( x
Em =
347.745 V

Es is given by Es =

(64&( x
Es =
549.979 V 347.745 V 401.229 V 549.979 V 1256.915 V

So now,

Em= Et50= Es= Es50=


4.0 a) b) Conclusion:

Em vs. Et50
The calculated Mesh Voltage is Lower than the tolerable touch voltage.

Es vs. Es50
The calculated step voltage is lower than the tolerable Step Voltage.

c) Grid Resistance Rg The calculated Grid Resistance is less than 1 Ohm. The calculated Mesh Voltage The calculated is Lower than step thevoltage tolerable The calculated istouch lower voltage. than Grid the Resistance tolerableis Step lessVoltage. than 1 Ohm.

Hence the Design is Safe.


1

Annexture-I
Estimation of Number of Earth Electrodes for 33/11kV New Sub-station at Manbazar-II in Purulia District of West Bengal (Pkg-III) No. of Earth Electrodes Sl.No. Description 1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Total No. of Earth Electrode= Length of Each Electrode (m) = Total Length of Earth Electrodes (m) =

P.Transformer 33kV L.A 33KV H.G FUSE 33KV C.T


33KV VCB 33KV P.I ISOLATOR (33KV + 11KV) = 10+10 GANTRY TOWER CONTROL ROOM

8 12 4 12 4 20 20 10 10

100 3 300

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