Dimaculangan, Arbelle R.

ARC 3101 ELECTRICAL MATERIALS Electrical Material is basically the parts or elements used in the making of any electrical construction project. This can vary from a small house circuit to as big as a large industrial plant. (1) Electrical Conduit and Conduit Fitting Electrical Conduit is a tube that carries electrical wire for power or communications. - Made in rigid steel; lighter steel called IMC or intermediate conduit; EMT or thin wall conduit; PVC or plastic; aluminum; or PVC coated; which is rigid covered with 40 mil PVC jacket. Conduit for electrical ranges in sizes from 3/8 to 6. Conduit Fitting is a part that is used to join or adapt other parts or conduit carrying electrical power, or communication wire. - Can be indoor, set screw or outdoor, water tight. They can be bushings, locknuts, connectors, couplings, and Condulets, etc. - They come in all sizes from 3/8 to 6. They can be corrosive protect by PVC coating, or explosion protected by design. (2) Electrical Wire and Cable Electrical Wire is drawn metal, copper or aluminum that carries electricity through an electrical circuit. . Wire may be run overhead, underground, through conduit or flex or open. Wire is protected by design with a jacket depending on usage. It can also be flexible as in the use of extension cords. It can be very small in size as 26 gauges to as large as 2000 MCM.

(3) Explosion Proof Enclosures Explosion Proof is a product design to contain an electrical short so that it doesnt ignite a hazardous atmosphere causing an explosion. - Refineries, gas stations, paint booths are examples of where these products would be used. - They are heavy duty steel or aluminum by design, or can be fiberglass as well. -

(4) Circuit Breakers Circuit Breakers are devices that automatically interrupt the follow of an electric current to protect against a short or overload. (5) Electrical Connectors Electrical Connector is a part that will join or adapt one part to another. Connector for electrical ranges of sizes from 3/8 to 6. They can be indoor, outdoor, corrosive protected or explosion proof.

(6) Electrical Box Electrical Box is an enclosure used for many purposes such as pulling, connecting or terminated an electrical circuit. Can be set screw or indoor; it can be rain tight, or outdoor. They can be made of steel, aluminum, plastic, stainless steel, or cast iron. Requirement can include corrosive protected or explosion protected by design.

(7) Lugs Lugs are the electrical connectors that terminate the electrical circuit. Are made of copper, aluminum, or bronze. They are made for the smallest wire size, 26 gauges to the largest 2000 MCM. Can be mechanical or set screw; compression or crimp, solder or weld; or clamp type.

(8) Motor Control Motor Control it is an apparatus used to regulate a motor or mechanism. It can control the smallest mechanism to the largest power turbines. Electrical Products 1. Wiring Devices are electrical products to supply power or to turn off and on power to other electrical products. - Light switch, wall receptacles plugs on the end of electrical equipment are all examples of wiring devices 2. Lighting Is a product design to illuminate, a source of light other than the sun.

Lamps, flood lights, indoor, outdoor fixtures are all examples of different lighting products.

Electrical Liquidators - are companies that buy and sell electrical materials or product. - This material includes conduit wire, fittings, circuit breakers, motor control, switch gear lugs and lighting. - Liquidators acquire their inventories through liquidation sales, bankruptcies, inventory reduction sales, surplus sales of plant construction s, demolition of plant equipment, or contractor sale of inventories. Electrical Surplus - is any quantity over and above what is needed or used on an electrical construction project. - It is the excess material that was not needed to complete the project. The electrical surplus is sold or disposed of once the job is complete.

Electrical material may refer to any of the following:

Metals is an element, compound, or alloy that is a good conductor of both electricity and heat. Metals are usually malleable, ductile and shiny, that is they reflect most of incident light. Semimetals - is a material with a very small overlap between the bottom of the conduction band and the top of the valence band. A semimetal thus has no band gap and a negligible density of states at the Fermi level. Semiconductors - electrical conductivity intermediate in magnitude between that of a conductor and an insulator. Semiconductor materials are useful because their behavior can be manipulated by the addition of impurities, known as doping. The comprehensive theory of semiconductors relies on the principles of quantum physics to explain the different types of motions of electrons through a lattice of atoms. Dielectrics - is an electrical insulator that can be polarized by an applied electric field. - Because of dielectric polarization, positive charges are displaced toward the field and negative charges shift in the opposite direction. This creates an internal electric field which reduces the overall field within the dielectric itself. Paramagnetic materials is a form of magnetism whereby the paramagnetic material is only attracted when in the presence of an externally applied magnetic field. In contrast with this behavior, diamagnetic materials are repelled by magnetic fields

Electrical conductors - is a material which contains movable electric charges. In metallic conductors such as copper or aluminum, the movable charged particles are electrons. Electrical insulators - s a material whose internal electric charges do not flow freely, and which therefore does not conduct an electric current, under the influence of an electric field. A perfect insulator does not exist, but some materials such as glass, paper and Teflon, which have high resistivity, are very good electrical insulators. - Insulators are used in electrical equipment to support and separate electrical conductors without allowing current through themselves. - An insulating material used in bulk to wrap electrical cables or other equipment is called insulation. - insulator is also used more specifically to refer to insulating supports used to attach electric power distribution or transmission lines to utility poles and transmission towers.

Electrical panels are easily accessible junction boxes used to reroute and switch electrical services. The term is often used to refer to circuit breaker panels or "fuse boxes". Junction box is a container for electrical connections, usually intended to conceal them from sight and meter tampering. A small metal or plastic junction box may form part of an electrical conduit wiring system in a building, or may be buried in the plaster of a wall, concealed behind an access panel or cast into concrete with only the lid showing. It sometimes includes terminals for joining wires An integral part of a circuit protection system where circuit integrity has to be provided, as for emergency lighting or emergency power lines, or the wiring between a nuclear reactor and a control room. A distribution board (or c) is a component of an electricity supply system which divides an electrical power feed into subsidiary circuits, while providing a protective fuse or circuit breaker for each circuit, in a common enclosure.

Electrical Devices: Brush A sliding connection completing a circuit between a fixed and a moving conductor.

 Jack A socket that accepts a plug at one end and attaches to electric circuitry at the other. Safety fuse - an electrical device that can interrupt the flow of electrical current when it is overloaded. Cartridge fuse - a fuse cased in a tube. Male plug - an electrical device with two or three pins that is inserted in a socket to make an electrical connection.

Electrical Conduit

Electrical Fitting

Explosion Proof

Circuit Breaker

Lugs

male plug

Electrical Box

Motor Control

Electrical Surplus

junction box