General information on jet pumps

Jet pumps, also referred to as ejectors, are devices for the conveyance, compression or mixing of gases, vapours, liquids or solids in which a gaseous or liquid medium serves as the motive force. They operate by the conversion of pressure energy into velocity in suitable nozzles. They are pumps without moving parts. The basic principle of jet pumps consists in the liquid or gas jet being emitted by a nozzle at high speed entraining and accelerating the surrounding liquid, gas or solid matter. The result of this action is a mixture of the driving and entrained (sucked) fluids, the velocity of which is reduced and the pressure increased in a second nozzle. The practical application of this principle requires a simple apparatus which essentially consists of only 3 main parts (figure 1): motive nozzle (1) diffuser (2) head (3) The flow channel of the diffuser consists of a part converging in the direction of the flow (the inlet cone), a cylindrical piece (the throat) and a diverging part (the outlet cone). The pressures at the connections and the corresponding mass flows determine the functional effect of a jet pump. A jet pump is provided with at least 3 connections (figure 1): motive medium inlet connection (A) suction manifold (B) pressure manifold (C) The pressures prevailing there are as follows (figure 2): p1  pressure upstream of the motive nozzle = motive medium pressure p 0  pressure at the suction manifold = suction pressure p  pressure at the outlet manifold = discharge pressure The mass flows 1, 0 and for the entering and exiting fluids are measured in kg/h. For this purpose, the following equation shall apply: 1 + 0 = . For the relationship between the various pressures, no simple rule can be applied. The internal processes in jet pumps are complex and only in a limited way accessible by calculation.

fig. 1

fig. 2

Designations of jet pumps

The terms of jet pumps (ejectors) are defined in DIN 24290. According to DIN 24290, jet pumps are named according to the motive side and to the suction side. The designations in this catalogue follow this standard.

According to the suction side

According to the motive side

Gas jet pump

Steam jet pump

Liquid jet pump

Jet ventilator

Gas jet ventilator

Steam jet ventilator

Liquid jet ventilator

Jet compressor

Gas jet compressor

Steam jet compressor (Vapour recompressor)

Liquid jet compressor

Jet vacuum pump

Gas jet vacuum pump

Steam jet vacuum pump Liquid jet vacuum pump

Jet liquid pump

Gas jet liquid pump

Steam jet liquid pump

Liquid jet liquid pump

Jet solids pump

Gas jet solids pump

Steam jet solids pump

Liquid jet solids pump

The designation of the individual parts of a jet pumps is standardized according to DIN 24 291.

www.gea-wiegand.com

Fax: +49 7243 705-330 E-mail: [email protected]

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GEA Wiegand GmbH

76275 Ettlingen Germany Tel.: +49 7243 705-0

General information on jet pumps

scope of delivery

The scope of delivery of the jet pumps department of GEA Wiegand is divided into two main fields.
1) Delivery of standard apparatuses

2) Design, construction and delivery of special apparatuses and plants

This catalogue gives a wide selection. The types and sizes are selected such that for usual tasks a suitable unit can always be found. Description and capacity curves and the corresponding sheets allow the correct choice.

For this purpose our well-trained staff of specialists in jet pumps and vacuum systems is available. In our modern Research Laboratory, the required analyses, research work and tests are carried out. Special leaflets give detailed information; they show the general principles of these plants and inform the customers which data are needed for engineering and for the preparation of a quota-

tion. Jet pumps can be built for very small as well as for extraordinarily large capacities. They can be constructed from most different materials and stand out for the following features:  Reliability  Simplicity  Low maintenance costs  Low acquisition costs

What has to be borne in mind?

 Do not mix up connections.  The capacities specified in the catalogue sheets are only approximate values. They will be different if operating conditions change.  For the design in individual cases, our order confirmation is binding and not the catalogue sheet.  Where necessary, installation and operating instructions are made available.  Normally, cast apparatuses are supplied with flanges bored to DIN PN 10, unless otherwise agreed. If specified, flanges according to ASME, BS or other special flanges can be supplied, if the casting model is available or if it is a question of welded (fabricated) apparatus. Counter flanges together with seals and screws are only supplied on request.  Our General Sales Conditions are valid for all supplies.  Connecting pipe lines must be of equal or larger diameter than the corresponding connections on the plant.  Valves, fittings, seals etc. must have the full cross sectional area and not restrict the line.  For longer pipe lines, the cross sectional area must be larger to obtain the lowest possible pressure loss. In all cases, care must be taken to ensure that the pipe line be constructed with the most favourable flow characteristics.  Steam lines should be well insulated. Dry motive steam is particularly important for the good operation of steam jet vacuum pumps.  Before the first start-up the lines should be blasted and cleaned with steam or compressed air. Otherwise, rust, dirt and welding beads can easily block the nozzles of the pumps.  Furthermore, we recommend the installation of a dirt trap in the supply lines for motive fluids.  For further details on the assembly and operation of jet pumps please refer to the respective operation instructions.

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GEA Wiegand GmbH

76275 Ettlingen Germany Tel.: +49 7243 705-0 Fax: +49 7243 705-330 E-mail: [email protected]