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Enabling An Evolutionary and Translational Prosthetics Roadmap?

The document summarizes a talk on applying brain-machine interfacing to neuromodulation and developing an evolutionary roadmap for translational prosthetics. It discusses how deep brain stimulation currently works to treat conditions like essential tremor by using an implanted brain pacemaker. It proposes moving from anatomically-based to physiology-based systems that can sense and classify brain signals to provide responsive stimulation. Developing improved instrumentation, algorithms, and data management strategies could help optimize these systems and jump innovation curves to advance treatments for additional conditions like depression and epilepsy.

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Steven Yoon
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64 views2 pages

Enabling An Evolutionary and Translational Prosthetics Roadmap?

The document summarizes a talk on applying brain-machine interfacing to neuromodulation and developing an evolutionary roadmap for translational prosthetics. It discusses how deep brain stimulation currently works to treat conditions like essential tremor by using an implanted brain pacemaker. It proposes moving from anatomically-based to physiology-based systems that can sense and classify brain signals to provide responsive stimulation. Developing improved instrumentation, algorithms, and data management strategies could help optimize these systems and jump innovation curves to advance treatments for additional conditions like depression and epilepsy.

Uploaded by

Steven Yoon
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Application of Brain-Machine-Interfacing to Neuromodulation: Enabling an Evolutionary and Translational Prosthetics Roadmap?

th Friday, November 30 , 11AM 1PM 614 Schermerhorn Tim Denison, PhD (Director of Neuroengineering, Medtronic)

What can an engineer do to help this man? Essential Tremor problems with draw spiral, writing ability, holding a cup Phase margin error in motor control loop Model as malfunctioning circuit; modify its basic properties. Deep brain stimulation implant brain pacemaker, sends impulse to parts of brain Brain pacemaker: Implanted pulse generator, the lead, the extension o Implanted pulse generator (IPG): battery powered neurostimulator that sends pulses o Lead: coiled wire insulated in polyurethane with four platinum iridium electrodes o Extension: insulated wire Stereotactic neurosurgeon drops electrodes deep into brain for DPS Electrodes influence a wide neural target Currently around 100,000 implants Modulation of nervous systems Medicare CTO: in the past, medicine focus on pharmacology; in the future, focus on electrical communications in the body Current solutions: movement, pain, mood, OCD, overactive bladder Future problems: depression, epilepsy, migraine Technology development follows an S-curve At a certain level, meaningful improvements is tough Investment in fundamental operation theory, basic sciences instrumentation needed. Next iteration of devices smart systems Transfer from anatomically-based to physiology-based Physiologically based systems o sensing + classification o algorithms + responsive stimulation Effort to optimize our systems Jump the curve: pause to build instrumentation to learn the basics Federal Healthcare Reform Implantable accelerometer(Denison et al, IEEE IMTC, 2007) Classification + stimulation control Deniso and Litt, Neuromodulation control Sensor drive position adaptive spinal cord stimulation for chronicpain Evolution of technology coming from other areas Gathering data from patients: Universal scaling law in human behavioral organization Brain-machine-interface EEG, ECOG, Single Unit, Signal acquisition, raw signal, digitized, signal processing, derice commands, simple communication, control of external devices, neuroprosthetics Neuthardt et al, neurosurgery, 2006 Neural systems toolkit System infrastructure Algorithm prototyping Data management Scientific exploration/ validation Modeling the Learning Flow: CS 156 (Caltech) Stanslaski et al., IEEE neural engineering 2011 Rouse et al, Journal of Neural Engineering 2011

Selecting the signals for a brain machine interface Anderson 2004 Custom neural interfaces for brain IEEE journal of solid-state circuits, 2008, 2009 Testing to build up data for approval Data storage + processing in the cloud Heres how it works (develop exercises, representative models) to understand tech. CE mark

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