FM 1-0 Human Resources Support PDF

*FM 1-0 (FM 12-6)
Human Resources Support
February 2007
DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Headquarters, Department of the Army
*FM 1-0 (FM 12-6)
Field Manual Headquarters

No. 1-0 (12-6) Department of the Army
Washington, DC, 21 February 2007
Contents
Page
PREFACE ..............................................................................................................v
Purpose ..................................................................................................................v
What Has Changed ................................................................................................v
Scope......................................................................................................................v
Applicability.............................................................................................................v
Administrative Information ..................................................................................... vi
INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................vii
Chapter 1 HUMAN RESOURCES SUPPORT.................................................................... 1-1
Mission ............................................................................................................... 1-1
Strategic Support................................................................................................ 1-1
Operational and Tactical Support....................................................................... 1-1
Functions of Human Resources Support ........................................................... 1-1
Manning the Force.............................................................................................. 1-3
HR Services........................................................................................................ 1-4
Personnel Support.............................................................................................. 1-5
HR Planning and Staff Operations ..................................................................... 1-5
Characteristics of Human Resources Support................................................... 1-6
HR Support to Operations .................................................................................. 1-7
Theater Opening................................................................................................. 1-9
Chapter 2 HR SUPPORT IN ARMY TRANSFORMATION ................................................ 2-1
HR Transformation ............................................................................................. 2-1
Chapter 3 HUMAN RESOURCES ORGANIZATIONS AND RESPONSIBILITIES ........... 3-1
Battalion S-1 Section .......................................................................................... 3-1
Special Troops Battalion (STB) S-1 Section ...................................................... 3-3
Brigade/BCT S-1 Section ................................................................................... 3-5
Division G-1 ........................................................................................................ 3-7
CORPS G-1...................................................................................................... 3-10
Conus Replacement Center (CRC) / Replacement Battalion .......................... 3-12
Replacement Company.................................................................................... 3-13
Distribution Restriction: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
*This publication supersedes FM 12-6, 9 Sep 94.
21 February 2007 FM 1-0

i
Contents
Human Resources Command (HRC) ...............................................................3-15
Department of the Army G-1.............................................................................3-15
Army/ASCC G-1................................................................................................3-16
Human Resource Sustainment Center .............................................................3-18
Military Mail Terminal Team..............................................................................3-21
Theater Gateway R5 Team...............................................................................3-23
HR Company Headquarters .............................................................................3-26
HR Company Postal Plans and Operations Team ...........................................3-28
HR Company R5 Plans and Operations Team.................................................3-29
Postal Platoon ...................................................................................................3-31
R5 Platoon Headquarters .................................................................................3-32
R5 Personnel Accounting Team .......................................................................3-34
Casualty Platoon Headquarters........................................................................3-35
Casualty Liaison Team .....................................................................................3-37
Human Resources Operations Cell ..................................................................3-38
Army Bands.......................................................................................................3-40
Chapter 4 BRIGADE/BCT S-1 SECTION OPERATIONS ..................................................4-1
Organization........................................................................................................4-1
HR Core Competencies in S-1 Operations.........................................................4-4
HR Services ........................................................................................................4-6
Personnel Support ..............................................................................................4-7
HR Planning and Operations ..............................................................................4-8
Chapter 5 HUMAN RESOURCES SUPPORT OF FORCE PROJECTION OPERATIONS5-1
Force Projection Process....................................................................................5-1
Mobilization .........................................................................................................5-2
Reception, Staging, Onward Movement, and Integration (RSOI) ......................5-5
Employment ........................................................................................................5-6
Sustainment ........................................................................................................5-7
Redeployment .....................................................................................................5-7
Personnel Flow ...................................................................................................5-7
Unit Redeployment Responsibilities ...................................................................5-8
Demobilization...................................................................................................5-10
Early Entry Operations......................................................................................5-11
Follow-On Forces / Sustainment Operations....................................................5-12
Appendix A PERSONNEL READINESS MANAGEMENT (PRM)........................................ A-1
Appendix B PERSONNEL ACCOUNTABILITY AND STRENGTH REPORTING (PASR) . B-1
Appendix C PERSONNEL INFORMATION MANAGEMENT............................................... C-1
Appendix D RECEPTION-REPLACEMENT-RETURN TO DUTY-REST AND RECUPERATION
REDEPLOYMENT (R5) OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT................................. D-1
Appendix E CASUALTY OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT ................................................... E-1
Appendix F ESSENTIAL PERSONNEL SERVICES .............................................................F-1
Appendix G POSTAL OPERATIONS.................................................................................... G-1
Appendix H MORALE, WELFARE, AND RECREATION (MWR) AND COMMUNITY SUPPORT
........................................................................................................................... H-1
ii FM 1-0 21 February 2007

Contents
Appendix I HR PLANNING AND OPERATIONS.................................................................. I-1
Appendix J ARMY BANDS ................................................................................................... J-1
Appendix K CIVILIAN PERSONNEL, CONTRACTOR, AND NON-GOVERNMENTAL AGENCY
SUPPORT ..........................................................................................................K-1
Appendix L RETENTION OPERATIONS.............................................................................. L-1
Appendix M HR REAR DETACHMENT (RD) OPERATIONS .............................................. M-1
GLOSSARY ..........................................................................................Glossary-1
REFERENCES ..................................................................................References-1
INDEX..........................................................................................................Index-1
Figures
Figure 1-1. Proposed AUTL Task, Conduct HR Operations .................................................. 1-3
Figure 1-2. Human Resources Support to Army/ASCC, Corps, and Division ....................... 1-8
Figure 2-1. Human Resources Transformation with the Modular Army................................. 2-2
Figure 2-2. MPD Organizational Design ................................................................................ 2-4
Figure 3-1. Example Battalion S-1 Section Organizational Architecture ............................... 3-3
Figure 3-2. Example Special Troops Battalion S-1 Section Organizational
Architecture .........................................................................................................3-5
Figure 3-3. Brigade/BCT S-1 Section Organizational Architecture ........................................ 3-7
Figure 3-4. Example Division G-1 Organizational Architecture............................................3-10
Figure 3-5. CONUS Replacement Center Organizational Architecture ...............................3-13
Figure 3-6. CONUS Replacement Company Organizational Architecture ..........................3-15
Figure 3-7. ASCC G-1 Organizational Architecture .............................................................3-18
Figure 3-8. Human Resources Sustainment Center Organizational Architecture ...............3-21
Figure 3-9. Military Mail Terminal Organizational Architecture ............................................3-23
Figure 3-10. Theater Gateway R5 Team Organizational Architecture.................................3-25
Figure 3-11. HR Company Headquarters Organizational Architecture................................3-27
Figure 3-12. Postal Plans and Operations Team Organizational Architecture ....................3-29
Figure 3-13. R5 Plans and Operations Team Organizational Architecture..........................3-30
Figure 3-14. Postal Platoon Organizational Architecture .....................................................3-32
Figure 3-15. R5 Platoon Headquarters Organizational Architecture ...................................3-33
Figure 3-16. R5 Personnel Accounting Team Organizational Architecture .........................3-35
Figure 3-17. Casualty Platoon Headquarters Organizational Architecture ..........................3-36
Figure 3-18. Casualty Liaison Team Organizational Architecture........................................3-38
Figure 3-19. Human Resources Operations Cell Architecture.............................................3-40
Figure 3-20. Army Band (Small)...........................................................................................3-41
Figure 3-21. Army Band (Medium) .......................................................................................3-42
Figure 3-22. Army Band (Large)...........................................................................................3-43
Figure 4-1. Brigade/BCT S-1 Section Organizational Structure............................................. 4-2
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 iii

Contents
Figure 4-2. Brigade/BCT S-1 Section Connectivity and Positioning...................................... 4-3
Figure 5-1. Force projection process ..................................................................................... 5-2
Figure 5-2. Mobilization phase............................................................................................... 5-3
Figure A-1. PRM Responsibilities .......................................................................................... A-2
Figure A-2. Modular Force Personnel Readiness Reporting................................................. A-8
Figure B-1. PASR Responsible Agencies.............................................................................. B-2
Figure B-2. Personnel Summary............................................................................................ B-5
Figure B-3. Personnel Requirements Report......................................................................... B-6
Figure B4. Personnel Accounting and Strength Reporting (PASR) Modular Force ........... B-7
Figure B-5. Personnel Accounting and Strength Reporting (PASR) S-1 and SRC 12
Roles................................................................................................................... B-8
Figure C-1. Personnel Information Management Process ....................................................C-2
Figure C-3. Army Migration Systems .....................................................................................C-4
Figure C-4. Current Self Service HR Systems.......................................................................C-7
Figure D-1. R5 Operations Management Responsibilities ....................................................D-2
Figure D-2. R5 Operations Management Responsibilities by Task.......................................D-3
Figure D-3. TG R5 PPC Inbound Flow ...............................................................................D-6
Figure D-4. TG R5 PPC Outbound Flow ............................................................................D-7
Figure D-5. R5 Personnel Flow............................................................................................D-10
Figure E-1. Casualty Operations Management Responsibilities ........................................... E-2
Figure E-2. The Casualty Reporting and Tracking Flow........................................................ E-6
Figure E-3. Type of Casualty Reports ................................................................................... E-7
Figure E-4. DA Form 1156 (Front Side)................................................................................. E-9
Figure E-5. DA Form 1156 (Back Side) ................................................................................. E-9
Figure F-1. Responsibilities for Provision of EPS .................................................................. F-2
Figure G-1. Postal Operations Responsibilities .....................................................................G-2
Figure G-2. Theater Postal Operations................................................................................G-10
Figure G-3. Theater Postal Flow..........................................................................................G-11
Figure H-1. MWR Responsibilities.........................................................................................H-2
Figure H-2. American Red Cross Matrix................................................................................H-7
Figure I-1. HR/Sustainment Linkages with Inputs and Outputs to MDMP.............................. I-3
Figure I-2. Sample Personnel Estimate .................................................................................. I-5
Figure I-3. BRS with Key Parameters ..................................................................................... I-8
Figure I-4. SABERS (automated planning tool) .................................................................... I-10
Figure I-5[1]. Hypothetical scenario showing multiple echelons and setting (SABERS
screenshots) ...................................................................................................... I-11
screenshots) ...................................................................................................... I-12
Figure L-1. The Army Career Counseling Life Cycle............................................................. L-3
Figure L-2. The Army Career Counseling System................................................................. L-4
iv FM 1-0 21 February 2007

*FM 1-0 (FM 12-6)
Preface
This document provides fundamental principles to help guide actions, make decisions, and establish policies in
support of national objectives. FM 1-0 is the Armys single source of doctrine for Human Resources Support.
It describes human resource doctrine and how it fits into the Armys current and future operational concept
across the full spectrum of conflict. Execution of this doctrine requires well-trained, values-based Soldiers
imbued in the Warrior ethos who are capable of operating in a joint and expeditionary environment.
PURPOSE
FM 1-0 promotes a common understanding of human resource support fundamentals. This manual does not
dictate procedures for any particular operational scenario. It provides the doctrinal base for developing
operational plans (OPLANs) and standard operating procedures (SOPs). Leaders and human resource
operators at all levels must apply these fundamentals using the military decision-making process (MDMP),
troop leading procedures (TLP), and METT-TC. This publication is authoritative; but requires judgment in
application.
WHAT HAS CHANGED

As Army transformation has progressed, human resources support and services have evolved. The stovepipe
structures of the cold war era have been replaced with modular organizations that provide the commander with
tailorable, sustainable, and flexible options to cope with any challenges faced during military operations.
Another key change involves making brigades capable of independent human resources operations, regardless
of location. Prior to HR transformation, S-1 sections at the Brigade/BCT and Battalion levels were never
capable of fully supporting the commander and the Soldier. A combination of increased training, equipment,
and manning have made S-1-centric HR support to the Brigade/BCT-centric Army possible. FM1-0 delineates
these changes and many others in the HR arena; carefully outlining the capabilities and responsibilities of HR
leaders and organizations as they operate across the full spectrum of conflict.
SCOPE
Chapter 1 discusses the mission, characteristics, core competencies, and functions of Human Resource Support.
Chapter 2, which outlines Human Resource Support in Army Transformation, is more historical in nature, and
discusses the philosophy behind the personnel transformation and the implications that it has on the future force
and the way ahead. Chapter 3 describes Human Resources, Brigade/BCT, and Battalion organizations, their
responsibilities, employment and support requirements. Chapter 4 describes Brigade/BCT and Battalion S-1
section operations. Chapter 5, which covers Human Resource Support of Force Projection Operations,
discusses the deployment life cycle and how human resources support these operations. The appendices are
planning and management tools for HR core competencies and HR operations and are designed to assist
commanders and human resource operators in establishing SOPs, OPLANS, and command policies.
APPLICABILITY
FM 1-0 applies to all Army leaders regardless of component. This doctrine applies across the full spectrum of
conflict (from stable peace to general war). Army headquarters serving as a joint force land component
command or joint task force headquarters should also refer to JP 1-0, Doctrine for Personnel Support to Joint
Operations, and other joint personnel publications. The publication applies to the Active Army, the Army
National Guard/Army National Guard of the United States, and the United States Army Reserve unless
otherwise stated. Elements may be included in other doctrinal publications.
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 v

Preface
ADMINISTRATIVE INFORMATION
Although this manual does not implement any international agreements, the material presented herein is in
accordance with related international agreements. Unless this publication states otherwise, masculine nouns and
pronouns do not refer exclusively to men.
The proponent of this publication is the United States Army Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC), and
the preparing agency is the U.S. Army Adjutant General School. Send comments and recommendations to
[email protected] or on DA Form 2028 (Recommended Changes to Publications and Blank Forms)
directly to Commandant, US Army Adjutant General School, ATTN: ATSG-AG-CD, Fort Jackson, South
Carolina.
vi FM 1-0 21 February 2007

Introduction
Introduction
Human Resources (HR) doctrine must be complete enough for HR professionals to determine tasks and
competencies that must be accomplished, yet not so prescriptive that it prohibits the freedom to adapt to
operational circumstances. Much like the tactical commander, HR professionals must be versatile and flexible
enough to sustain uninterrupted HR support in todays contemporary operating environment. Knowledge of
doctrine, combined with expertise and experience, provides a strong foundation for superior planning and
execution and establishes a consistent understanding of required HR proficiencies.
This manual outlines processes through which the HR professional ensures reliable, responsive, and flexible
support for commanders, Soldiers, DoD civilians, contractors, and their families. It defines objectives and
standards for conducting continuous HR operations whether at home station or deployed in support of
contingency operations throughout the world. Additionally, this field manual outlines those conditions and
missions the HR professional must anticipate. We must stay focused on these capabilities because they are
among the key components in conducting and sustaining successful full spectrum operations. If we rely too
much on prescription and deny commanders flexibility, then we undermine the ability of units and commanders
at all levels to operate effectively.
HR doctrine describes how HR support contributes to current and future forces operations and how HR
professionals, organizations, and systems play a critical role in support of maneuver, maneuver support, and
maneuver sustainment forces in Army, Joint, Interagency, and Multinational (JIM) operations. This manual
reinforces the Armys vision that Soldiers and readiness are the focus of HR support.
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*FM 1-0 (FM 12-6)
Chapter 1
"The Army - is People. The magnificence of our moments as an Army will continue to be
delivered by our people. They are the engine behind our capabilities, and the Soldier remains the
centerpiece of our formation.
General Eric Shinseki, CSA, 12 Oct 99, at the Eisenhower Luncheon of the 45th Annual
Meeting of the Association of the United States Army
MISSION
1-1. The mission of any HR element is to coordinate timely and effective manpower and personnel
support for commanders at all echelons to enhance the readiness and operational capabilities of the total
force and ensure success across the full spectrum of military operations. This includes Joint, Inter-agency,
and Multinational (JIM) operations.
1-2. HR support applies at all levels of war; strategic, operational, and tactical.
STRATEGIC SUPPORT
1-3. Strategic HR support involves the national-level capability to plan, resource, manage, and control the
HR life cycle functions for the Army. It involves integrating HR functions and activities across the Army
staff, among the respective components, and among the services. At the strategic level, the Army G-1
provides HR support to all Army forces. The Army G-1 develops Army policy for all HR systems and
functions, while the Assistant Secretary of the Army (Manpower and Reserve Affairs) is responsible for
civilian personnel policy and operations. The Human Resources Command (HRC) applies and implements
these policies for military personnel of all components (RC while mobilized). The Assistant Chief of Staff
for Installation Management (ACSIM), the U.S. Army Community and Family Support Center
(USACFSC), the Army and Air Force Exchange System (AAFES), and the Military Postal Service Agency
(MPSA) also provide strategic support to the force for Morale, Welfare, and Recreation (MWR) services,
and postal operations. The Chief, Army Reserve and the Director of the National Guard Bureau provide
strategic HR support for the Army Reserves and National Guard elements respectively.
OPERATIONAL AND TACTICAL SUPPORT

1-4. Policies and procedures translate into action at the operational and tactical levels. G-1/S-1s provide
HR support to service members, DOD civilians, and contractors within the AOR. They are responsible for
executing HR functions for assigned or attached personnel.
FUNCTIONS OF HUMAN RESOURCES SUPPORT

HUMAN RESOURCES CORE COMPETENCIES
1-5. The objective of HR support is to maximize operational effectiveness and to facilitate enhanced
support to the Army. Reliable, responsive, and timely HR support in the operational area is critical to
supporting the Operational Commander and the force. HR Support relies on non-secure, continuous, and
survivable communications and digital information systems. These systems provide a common operational
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Chapter 1
picture, asset visibility, predictive modeling, and by-exception reporting, all of which are needed to
facilitate accurate and timely manning decisions.
1-6. HR support encompasses ten fundamental capabilities, or core competencies. Each of these core
competencies includes tasks that support Army tactical and operational-level operations. These core
competencies are:
Personnel Readiness Management (PRM). The Army core competencies
Personnel Accountability and Strength Reporting (PASR). are the essential and enduring
Personnel Information Management (PIM). capabilities of our service.
While they are not necessarily
Reception, Replacement, Return to Duty (RTD), Rest and unique to The Army, they
Recuperation (R&R), Redeployment define our fundamental
(R5) Operations. contributions to our Nation's
Casualty Operations. security. Technology may
Essential Personnel Services (EPS). change the ways The Army
contributes to America's
Postal Operations.
security, but not the
Morale, Welfare, and Recreation (MWR) Operations. contributions themselves.
HR Planning and Staff Operations.
Band Operations.
1-7. HR core competencies define overall functional responsibilities: they are the foundation on which
HR support is based. The core competencies will be introduced in the following paragraphs and will be
referred in following chapters. Each core competency is described in detail in an individual Appendix.
These core competencies are further broken down into specific collective tasks called Army Tactical Tasks
(ARTs).
1-8. FM 7-15, Army Universal Task List (AUTL), is the basis for determining specific HR tasks needed
to support execution of the Armys tactical mission. The AUTL provides a standard, doctrinal foundation
and catalogue of all Army collective tasks that support Army tactical missions and operations. Figure 1-1
defines the proposed HR collective tasks. It should be noted that the FM 7-15 is expected to be revised in
FY 2007 and as such it is anticipated that HR tasks will be aligned under the Sustainment Warfighting
Function.
1-9. Units and staffs perform these tactical collective tasks at theater level and below. Commanders and
HR leaders should utilize the AUTL as a reference tool for developing mission essential task lists
(METLs), operational orders, and SOPs. The AUTL does not include tasks Army forces perform as part of
joint and multinational forces. Joint organizations should use the CJCS (Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of
Staff) Manual 3500.04C, Universal Joint Task Listing.
1-2 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

Figure 1-1. Proposed AUTL Task, Conduct HR Operations
1-10. The revised AUTL will align HR core competencies under four areas of responsibility:
z Man the Force.
z Provide HR Services.
z Provide Personnel Support.
z Conduct HR Planning and Staff Operations.
MANNING THE FORCE

1-11. Manning the force consists of Personnel Readiness Management, Personnel Accounting and
Strength Reporting, Personnel Information Management, and R5 Operations Management. The manning
challenge is getting the right Soldier to the right place at the right time. Manning combines anticipation,
movement, and skillful positioning of personnel assets. It relies on non-secure, secure, continuous, and
survivable communications and digital information systems.
1-12. Personnel Readiness Management (Appendix A). Personnel Readiness Management distributes
Soldiers to units based on documented requirements/authorizations, commanders priorities, and
anticipated needs to maximize mission preparedness and provide the manpower needed to support full
spectrum operations. This process involves analyzing personnel strength data to determine current mission
capabilities and projecting future requirements. It compares an organizations personnel strength to its
requirements, and results in personnel readiness assessments and allocation decisions. This process
requires personnel asset visibility from the foxhole to the strategic national provider-level. The
coordination, allocation, and management of replacement operations are elements of PRM. PRM includes
strength management, strength distribution, individual Soldier readiness, replacement operations and
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 1-3

Chapter 1
results in the ability of the Army to maintain the personnel readiness of units required to conduct full
spectrum operations.
1-13. Personnel Accounting and Strength Reporting (PASR) (Appendix B). Personnel accounting is the
recording of by-name data on personnel to include arrivals and departures from units, duty status changes,
grade changes, etc. Strength reporting is a numerical end product of the accounting process. It starts with
strength-related data submitted at unit level and ends with a database update through all echelons to the
Army/ASCC G-1 in the deployed theater and HRC.
1-14. Personnel Information Management (PIM) (Appendix C). Personnel information management
encompasses the collecting, processing, storing, displaying, and disseminating of relevant information
about units and personnel. Commanders, HR professionals, and planners all use personnel information
databases when performing their mission.
1-15. R5 Operations Management (Appendix D). R5 (Reception, replacement, return-to-duty, rest and
recuperation, and redeployment) operations management tracks the movement of personnel from
designated points of origin to their ultimate destinations and focuses on the gaining and maintaining of
personnel accountability as individuals and units enter, transit, and depart a deployed theater. There are two
elements of R5 operations management: R5 management and R5 support. R5 management relates to
accounting and processing transiting Soldiers and units, while R5 support is the physical reception,
support, and delivery of military and civilian personnel. This includes replacements, return-to-duty (RTD),
Rest and Recuperation (R&R), emergency leave Soldiers, and other Soldiers in transit. R5 support
coordinates sustainment actions that provide life support and transportation for transiting Soldiers and
units. R5 management requires real-time access to information concerning personnel movement status from
the point of initial movement, and personnel readiness management information to determine the final
destination for individuals entering the theater for the first time. The reception portion of R5 operations is a
critical component of the Reception, Staging, Onward movement, and Integration (RSO&I) process and an
integral process in the establishment of an accurate theater personnel database. Initial R5 operations, to
include the establishment of the Theater Gateway R5 Center are critical elements of the theater opening
function. HR planners at the theater level must ensure that R5 units are on the ground prior to personnel
flow starting in a developing theater of operations. The critical task accomplished by successful R5
operations is gaining and maintaining the personnel accountability of Soldiers (and other reported
populations) in the deployed theater.
HR SERVICES
1-16. HR services are integral to unit readiness and the maintenance of the human dimension of the force.
HR services encompass casualty operations management and essential personnel services. It relies on non-
secure, continuous, and survivable communications and digital information systems.
1-17. Casualty Operations Management (Appendix E). Casualty operations management is the collecting,
recording, reporting, verifying and processing of casualty information from unit level to Headquarters,
Department of the Army (HQDA). The recorded information facilitates next of kin notification, casualty
assistance, casualty tracking and status update, and provides the basis for historical and statistical reports.
This information is also shared with other Department of Defense and Army agencies to initiate required
actions. For example, the mortuary affairs system relies upon the casualty operations management
information to ready the preparing mortuary, to collect identification of remains, and to track the collection
and movement of personal effects. Accuracy and timeliness are critical components of casualty
management, and depend on assured communications and reliable access to personnel information.
1-18. Essential Personnel Services (Appendix F). Essential personnel services provide timely and accurate
HR functions that efficiently update Soldier status, readiness, and quality of life and allow Army leadership
to effectively manage the force. Essential personnel services include awards and decorations, enlisted and
officer evaluations, promotions and reductions, transfers and discharges, identification documents, leaves
and passes, line of duty investigations, officer procurement, military pay, etc.
1-4 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

PERSONNEL SUPPORT
1-19. Personnel support activities encompass the elements of postal operations management; morale,
welfare, and recreation; and band operations. It relies on non-secure, secure, continuous, and survivable
communications and digital information systems.
1-20. Postal Operations Management (Appendix G). The postal operations management system provides a
network to process mail and provides postal finance services within the deployed AOR. Processing mail
involves: receiving, separating, sorting, dispatching, transporting and redirecting ordinary, official, insured,
certified, return receipt and accountable mail, conducting coalition and international mail exchange,
handling official casualty, contaminated/suspicious and EPW mail. Postal finance services involve: selling
postage stamps, cashing and selling money orders, mailing packages, providing registered and special
services (including classified up to SECRET level), insured, and certified mail services, and processing
postal claims and inquiries.
1-21. Morale, Welfare, and Recreation Operations (Appendix H). The MWR network provides unit
recreation, sports programs, and rest areas for military and deployed DOD civilian personnel. MWR
personnel provide these services and facilities in coordination with unit Points of Contact (POC). G-1/S-1s
coordinate MWR operations and plan for MWR operations. HR organizations are not the executers of
MWR centers. MWR support includes coordinated AAFES and American Red Cross (ARC) support.
1-22. Band Support (Appendix J). The Army bands provide music to enhance unit cohesion and Soldier
morale, and musical support to civil-military operations, multinational operations, recruiting operations,
and national and international community relations operations. During contingency operations,
mobilization and demobilization, and major training exercises, the mission may expand to include musical
support for civil affairs and psychological operations.
HR PLANNING AND STAFF OPERATIONS

1-23. HR Planning and Operations (Appendix I) is the means by which the HR provider envisions a
desired HR end state in support of the operational commanders mission requirements; lays out the
effective ways of achieving it; and communicates to subordinate HR providers and HR unit leaders the
intent, expected requirements, and outcomes to be achieved to provide the support in the form of an
OPLAN, OPORD or Annex (Planning); and the process of tracking current and near-term (future)
execution of the planned HR support to ensure effective support to the operational commander through the
following process (Operations).
Assessing the current situation and forecasting HR requirements based on the progress of the
operation.
Making execution and adjustment decisions to exploit opportunities or unforecasted
requirements.
Directing actions to apply HR resources and support at decisive points and time.
1-24. Effective HR Planning and Operations require extensive technical and tactical expertise in terms of
HR capabilities and support available; the requirements established by the HR Core Competencies; the
maneuver plan to be supported and the relationship between the HR organization providing support and the
maneuver units supported. HR Plans and Operations elements must be expert in a myriad of HR systems,
HR processes, communications (voice and data) systems, and the requirements and resources available to
accomplish the HR core competencies for supported organizations of various components. Additionally,
HR Planning and Operations are those functions necessary to plan, coordinate, and ensure HR support is
accomplished according to METT-TC. These functions include conducting mission and planning analysis,
generating courses of actions, comparing courses of action, selecting a solution, and producing the results
in an operations plan or order annex. The planning process should determine the type of HR support
needed (postal, R5, casualty, etc.), the number and type of units required, when support is needed, what
additional resources will be required, and the establishment and maintenance of HR C2 nodes. HR C2
nodes are those communications nodes required for all HR operations and include those needed to operate
across commands and echelons, and to higher and lower elements. Also included in this task is the conduct
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 1-5

Chapter 1
of coordinating staff operations for elements aligned or organized under the staff supervision of the G-1/S
1.
CHARACTERISTICS OF HUMAN RESOURCES SUPPORT

1-25. As a function of sustainment, HR support is characterized by the same elements used to describe
effective and efficient Sustainment Operations (formerly referred to as Combat Service Support
Operations). When planning for future operations, HR professionals should consider the following eight
characteristics:
RESPONSIVENESS
1-26. Responsiveness is providing the right support in the right place at the right time. It is a crucial
characteristic of HR support; in a dynamic global society demands on the military can and do change
rapidly. Responsiveness also involves anticipation. While HR planners must be able to foresee operational
requirements, they also must continually stay abreast of current operations and future plans so that they are
ready to respond to any new or changing requirement.
SIMPLICITY
1-27. Simplicity means avoiding unnecessary complexity in conducting (planning, preparing, executing,
and assessing) operations. Mission orders, drills, rehearsals, and standardized procedures that are clean and
concise, contribute to simplicity.
FLEXIBILITY
1-28. Flexibility is the ability to adapt HR support structures and procedures to changing situations,
missions, and concepts of operations. When established procedures do not accomplish the mission, HR
personnel seek innovative solutions, rapidly devise new procedures, or take extraordinary measures to
adapt to the situation.
ATTAINABILITY
1-29. Attainability is generating the minimum essential HR support and services necessary to conduct the
required operations.
SUSTAINABILITY
1-30. Sustainability is the ability to maintain HR support during all phases of major operations.
Sustainability ensures that operations are not delayed or suspended because of personnel shortages.
SURVIVABILITY
1-31. Survivability is the ability to protect personnel, equipment, information, and facilities from attacks
by hostile forces. Reducing redundant operations within the AOR, and making maximum use of reach back
capability reduces the support footprint and increases survivability by providing fewer targets for the
enemy.
ECONOMY
1-32. Economy means providing the most efficient support to accomplish the mission. Merging the most
recent information technology with modern software packages, enhance the economy of HR support
resources.
INTEGRATION
1-33. Integration consists of synchronizing HR operations with all aspects of Army, and JIM operations.
1-6 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

HR SUPPORT TO OPERATIONS
1-34. HR support to military operations is dependant on METT-TC and will be capable of providing
support from home station, an intermediate staging base, when deployed with the organization, or from
multiple deployed locations. HR support is also a critical enabler to successful military operations. Without
accurate and timely HR support, combatant commanders would not be able to determine the effective
personnel combat power of the force, nor would they be capable of providing HR support to units already
deployed for the military operation. Fig. 1-2 provides an overview of HR support for Army/ASCC, Corps
and Division.
1-35. When planning HR support during military operations, HR planners must consider the numbers of
units and organizations involved, task organization of the force, the level of support needed, and whether
the area of operation will be austere or immature with limited resources (i.e., reduction of HR personnel
during combat operations, technological enablers not established, transportation assets unavailable, etc.).
Regardless of the type of military operation, HR support in the early stages of operations must
continuously perform the critical wartime tasks of personnel readiness management, PASR, casualty,
theater R5 operations, and personnel information management. As military operations progress or as the
situation permits, other HR support operations can be initiated or conducted (i.e., postal operations, MWR
operations, and essential personnel services). HR planners should also plan Band support for military
operations. While band operations are METT-TC dependant, they can provide morale enhancing music at
various ceremonies (departure, arrival, etc.).
1-36. Battalion and Brigade/Brigade Combat Team S-1 Sections are the focal point for HR support for the
majority of the core competencies. S-1 sections provide the majority of direct support to Soldiers. Critical
theater-level support in postal, R5, casualty, and PASR operations is provided by HR units tailored
specifically as modular, scalable structures to provide the required mission support.
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 1-7

Chapter 1
Figure 1-2. Human Resources Support to Army/ASCC, Corps, and Division
1-37. When planning for military operations, HR planners must project the type and level of HR support
required to accomplish the tasks associated with the supported operation or mission. A key note to
remember is that military operations will change and HR planners must be prepared to provide HR support
regardless of the type of military operation (offensive, defensive, stabilization and, civil support, etc.).
Failure to properly plan for HR support can have a serious impact not only on the commanders ability to
make military decisions based on personnel, but can also impact the morale of the forces deployed. Given
limited HR theater structure, HR planners must be prepared to coordinate the contracting of HN support for
HR operations as soon as the security situation allows.
1-38. Prior to the deployment of forces, the HR emphasis is on Soldier and unit readiness and the detailed
HR planning describing how HR core competencies and tasks will be conducted during the military
operation. This is a joint effort of HR personnel within the Brigade/BCT and Battalion S-1 sections the G-1
and theater-level HR planners. It may also include personnel from Military Personnel Division (MPD), or
other installation support activities. Results of the detailed planning and integration of HR support must be
included in all operational plans and orders. Primary emphasis is placed on ensuring the personnel
effectiveness/combat power of the unit is maintained by monitoring personnel accountability and
individual readiness through pre-deployment checks on legal, military pay, HR, medical and dental status,
support of rear detachment operations, family readiness and Soldier well-being matters affecting the
preparedness for immediate deployability. HR support personnel also concentrate on ensuring teams,
squads, and crews are fully staffed and any shortfalls are eliminated via cross-leveling or individual/crew
replacements. Priority tasks generally include (but are not limited to): PASR, PRM, PIM, R5 operations,
and selected essential personnel services.
1-8 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

1-39. Initially, HR support focus should be on deployment from home station to the aerial or sea ports of
debarkation (APOD or SPOD) and arrival into the area of operations. Critical HR tasks include
maintaining personnel accountability, creating passenger manifests, and managing the personnel readiness
data and personnel information on all deploying personnel. Key to the success of personnel information
reliability and accuracy is ensuring that a sufficient number of HR personnel (S-1/G-1) are included as part
of the early entry element or AOR opening package. On arrival within the AOR, the S-1/G-1 must ensure
arriving personnel are integrated into the deployed theater database. This is especially critical for theater
accountability and casualty reporting during entry operations. Priority tasks include: PASR, PRM, PIM,
R5, and casualty operations.
1-40. When an organization is engaged, the HR support focus is on maintaining accountability, performing
casualty operations and the resulting personnel readiness management to replace losses, and selected
essential personnel services (wartime awards for casualties). HR providers within the S-1/G-1 accomplish
these tasks by monitoring, collecting, and verifying HR-related information provided by operational
combat systems (Battle Command System, Future Combat System, etc.) and reporting the information
within personnel channels. HR personnel should be prepared to provide the combatant commanders with
HR information impacting the combat capability of the unitcrew status, critical shortages, unit strengths,
etc. Priority tasks include: PASR, casualty operations, PRM, PIM, and R5 operations.
1-41. During combat operations, certain HR functions may have to be limited or delayed, depending on
TEMPO. This is the time for HR planners to continue to plan for sustainment functions such as most
essential personnel services and MWR activities. HR sustainment generally follows any type of operation
as units prepare for the next mission. HR sustainment can take place in the area of operations or in some
cases become part of the operations. Priority tasks include: PASR, casualty operations, PRM, PIM, R5
operations, casualty operations, essential personnel services, postal operations and band operations.
1-42. As military operations conclude, the focus of HR support is three-fold: managing the personnel flow
to home station, reducing or eliminating the HR structure in the theater of operations, and supporting the
reconstitution of units to pre-mobilization levels of readiness. It is critical that sufficient HR personnel
remain in theater to continue the re-deployment of units and personnel. Priority tasks include: R5
operations, PASR, PRM, PIM, postal operations, essential personnel services, MWR and band operations.
THEATER OPENING
1-43. Theater opening HR support is critical to the success of the RSO&I process as well as compliance
with US Code Title 10 requirements. Sufficient HR structure must arrive in theater prior to the flow of
main body forces to establish the PASR deployed theater database, establish R5 Operations at inter-theater
APODs, establish the casualty reporting system, and begin to establish the postal MMT facility. Elements
of the supporting Human Resources Sustainment Center (HRSC), the Theater Gateway (TG) R5 Center
Team with supporting HR (R5) Company, and elements of the Military Mail Terminal (MMT) Team must
accompany the Theater Opening plug of the lead Sustainment Brigade into theater.
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 1-9

*FM 1-0 (FM 12-6)
Chapter 2
HR Support In Army Transformation
The only difficult thing about getting a new idea into a military mind is getting an old one out.
B.H.L. HART
HR TRANSFORMATION
2-1. The United States Army is currently transitioning from a forward deployed force to a power
projection force based primarily in the Continental United States (CONUS). It continues to transform to
meet the security challenges of the 21st Century as the pace and proliferation of technology increases. The
Army understands the need to respond more rapidly and decisively across full spectrum operations. It is
transitioning from traditional divisional brigades to modular organizations, currently defined as Brigade
Combat Teams (BCT), Brigades and modular Division, Corps and Army Service Component Command
(Army/ASCC) headquarters. The most significant element of the Armys transformation is the transition
form a Division-centric tactical force to a Brigade-centric tactical force. The emergence of the Brigade-
centric paradigm poses significant challenges for the HR community.
2-2. Lessons Learned from recent operations (including Operation Desert Storm and Operations
Iraqi/Enduring Freedom) determined that current systems/processes are unable to effectively provide total
asset visibility and account for personnel in a given theater of operations. The Armys personnel systems
architecture is not fully integrated; has myriad legacy systems that are costly to maintain, inadequately
supported; and operate numerous manpower-intensive functional processes. Many of these systems are
stove-piped and cumbersome, produce marginal results, have limited or no records keeping capability,
require intensive interface resolution, and are not consistent across all components. Many of the supporting
processes are manual or semi-automated with unnecessary steps that can and should be eliminated.
Additionally, significant differences between active and reserve component HR systems complicate the
ability of HR providers to support multi-component units; which are serving together more and more often
during current combat operations.
2-3. HR Transformation is a multi-component, military and civilian approach to the Armys Personnel
Services Support and Information Technology design objectives. To accomplish our transformation goals,
the HR Community is transforming to meet the increasing demands of a more deployable, agile, and
versatile force. HR Transformation is focused on the strategic objectives of (1) reshaping HR processes, (2)
using technology to apply a relevant, reliable, and achievable multi-component HR system, (3) realigning
the Army HR structures, and (4) delivering and executing HR service functions as close to the Soldier as
possible (to include Soldier self-service) in support of a transformed, Brigade-centric tactical Army.
Simultaneously, a reduction of the support footprint in the operational area is imperative to overall mission
success.
2-4. The Future Force involves fundamental changes that affect the entire Army the way it organizes,
the way it equips, the way it trains, and the way it fights. To be relevant in the Future Force, HR support
will undergo fundamental changes in how and at which level the support is provided. Typical HR
organizations of today, such as Postal Companies and Personnel Detachments are transforming to HR
Companies comprised of specialized platoons based on METT-TC. HR support for the Future Force will
be embedded in the Brigade/BCT structure in S-1 sections and supported by HR units at the
Division/Corps/Army/ASCC level.
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 2-1

Chapter 2
Figure 2-1 demonstrates how HR units are transforming to support the future forceHR organizations will
no longer need to be aligned under HR command and control, but will use common platforms, systems and
components to simplify the HR support structure. The commonality of systems will enable HR
organizations to be Joint-capable and provide support to all deployed personnel throughout full spectrum
operations. The Armys transformational concept indicates that units are to be organized, manned,
equipped, and trained to be more strategically responsive, deployable, agile, versatile, lethal, survivable,
and sustainable. FAB XXI transforms Army bands to a modular design for ready and relevant delivery of
music support to an expeditionary Army.
Figure 2-1. Human Resources Transformation with the Modular Army
2-5. HR support is transitioning from a centralized stovepipe support philosophy, where AG force
structure provided the majority of support, to a decentralized support structure. This transition places the
majority of HR support closer to Soldiers and embeds required capabilities in all Battalion and
Brigade/BCT S-1 sections. This transition links the top of the HR system directly to the Battalion and
Brigade/BCT S-1 sections, no matter the component. HR support remains focused on the core
competencies; it is the manner and location of delivery which changes. The HR transformation process is
the Personnel Services Delivery Redesign (PSDR) and it will modify all HR structures and all S-1 sections
in every TOE Battalion and Brigade/BCT. Transformation (PSDR) commenced in FY2005 and will be
complete in FY2009.
2-6. Battalion and Brigade/BCT S-1 sections are the focal point for the execution of the majority of the
core HR competencies for their units. The S-1 section will perform the PRM, PASR, PIM, EPS, MWR and
HR planning and operations for all Battalions and Brigade/BCTs. The S-1 section will coordinate and
integrate the performance of R5 operations, casualty operations, postal operations, and band operations that
2-2 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

support the Battalion and Brigade/BCT through the supporting HR Operations Cell of the Support
Operations Section of the supporting Sustainment Brigade and supporting Expeditionary Sustainment
Command (ESC) and higher headquarters G-1 sections.
2-7. Battalion and Brigade/BCT S-1 sections will be properly resourced to perform the de-centralized
tasks assigned to them. The resourcing includes increasing the number of assigned HR personnel to address
the added workload and ensuring that the personnel are trained in the technical skills required to perform
the core competencies. The large majority of Brigade/BCT S-1 sections will now include thirteen 42/43
series officers, warrant officers and enlisted Soldiers. This S-1 section is properly resourced with
equipment to include the AHRS computer system, DEERS-Rapid CAC identification card capability, and,
most importantly, VSAT/CAISI NIPR connectivity equipment. The VSAT/CAISI allows the S-1 sections
to maintain sufficient NIPR connectivity on-the-go throughout the world to support required HR systems.
In order to enable the S-1 section to directly link to the top of the HR system, HR system accesses must
be granted to the lowest user level. It is essential that Battalion S-1 sections have all required accesses to
utilize the HR systems designed to accomplish HR core competencies. Additionally, all TOE Battalion S
1s will now be 42B officers, either a Captain or Lieutenant based on the size of the Battalion.
2-8. Army/ASCC level HR structure is deployed to plan, integrate, coordinate and execute the R5,
casualty, and postal competencies and to assist with the execution of the PASR core competency at the
theater-level. The HR Company is the basic modular structure which provides the theater-level support,
and it is tailored to fit the requirements of a specific mission. The HR Company is tailored by adding R5
and postal plans and operations teams, R5 platoons, postal platoons and casualty platoons as required by
METT-TC. The concentration of these competencies under the HR Company allows the development of
modular HR structures that can be trained, sourced and deployed for specific contingencies and operations.
The HR Company is deployed as an element of the Brigade Troops Battalion (BTB) or a Combat
Sustainment Support Battalion (CSSB) of a Sustainment Brigade.
2-9. S-1 sections and HR organization TOEs are shaped to provide and sustain the essential manpower
and equipment requirements necessary to facilitate the essential HR support functions required to deploy,
fight, and win on the battlefield. The primary peacetime mission of TOE units is to provide HR support as
they would during deployment, to train Soldiers to survive in battlefield conditions, and to continually
prepare to project (deploy) teams or entire TOE organizations to provide critical HR support to
Brigade/BCTs and Divisions/Corps/Army/ASCC. Routine (non-essential) HR support, volume services,
career management, family and retiree services, and similar functions are provided at home station by
garrison (Installation Management Command - IMCOM) and personnel organizations such as MPD, HRC,
Regional Readiness Sustainment Commands (RRSC), Joint Force Headquarters-State, and other TDA
agencies. HR TOE units are not intended to be consumed in part or totally in support of
Installation/MPD operations, but are intended to provide HR support to deployed units and Soldiers.
2-10. Command support is critical to HR operations. Fully equipped, technologically enabled, well-trained
Soldiers are essential to quality HR support. The requirement for sustained combat power, prioritization
challenges for replacement and postal operations, and the time-sensitive nature of casualty operations
require HR leaders to have direct access to commanders and other HR organizations that support full
spectrum operations.
2-11. Providing essential HR support and reducing the total number of Soldiers providing that HR support
in the battlespace (the support footprint) will remain essential to the Army's overall force structure
objectives and will remain a Future Force imperative.
2-12. The IMCOM Military Personnel Division (MPD) is another integral element of the total HR support
system for Soldiers and other supported populations. Detailed task analysis has provided an effective
distribution of tasks among the S-1 sections, MPDs and the SRC12 HR structures.
2-13. HR transformation (PSDR) directs garrison HR support functions be divided between tactical and
non-tactical units. The garrison MPD provides home station routine and volume HR services to tactical
units, while tactical HR elements (S-1/G-1) perform essential HR functions.
2-14. Routine and volume services are those services delivered to all installation tenants, regardless of
unit affiliation. Examples are installation in/out processing, retirement services, transition and separation
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 2-3

Chapter 2
processing, etcservices which do not deploy with the tactical force. Essential services are those
functions which deploy with the tactical force. The MPD also provides similar essential services to non-
tactical units, family members of both tactical and non-tactical units, and retires.
2-15. Garrison military HR support is delivered at home station by the Military Personnel Division under
direction of the IMCOM garrison Director of Human Resources (DHR). The DHR is the garrison
commanders single-source HR provider. The mission commanders single-source HR provider is the G-1,
with home station HR support provided by the garrison MPD. The G-1 will coordinate with the DHR
and/or Chief MPD on required home station support to the tactical force. The garrison Military Personnel
Division (MPD), as prescribed under PSDR, provides routine and volume HR support to tactical forces at
home station. The MPD also provides support to all installation tenants to include all family members,
tactical and non-tactical units and retirees. Garrisons provide installation support in accordance with CLS
funding constraints. CLS is designed to ensure support is equitably provided to all Soldiers, civilians,
retirees, and families at all Army installations. During deployment, rear detachments may not be capable of
providing certain essential HR services to rear detachment personnel. In such cases, the MPD may provide
services as resources permit.
Figure 2-2. MPD Organizational Design
2-16. The PSDR rule of thumb describes which HR organizations should accomplish tasks based on the
following:
If a task is performed for Soldiers both deployed and in garrison, then the S-1 section
performs the task.
If a task is performed for Soldiers only deployed, then SRC12 HR structures perform the task.
2-4 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

If a task is performed for Soldiers and other supported populations only in garrison, then the
MPD performs the task.
2-17. The way ahead depends on teamwork and the involvement of every member of the Army HR
community. The challenges are great. The focus must remain on the functional relevance of HR support to
the commander and the Soldiers. The integration of the HR Support providers with other Army People
Support communities - medical, chaplain, judge advocate, and finance - is critical to the Army's
transformation to the Future Force. HR Support providers must work together to achieve a fully integrated
HR community. Process reengineering must accelerate to maximize the potential of the emerging personnel
service support concepts. Action is essential to demonstrate responsible stewardship for the national
treasure entrusted to us our men and women (GEN Shinseki, 12 Oct 99).
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 2-5

*FM 1-0 (FM 12-6)
Chapter 3
Human Resources Organizations and Responsibilities
This chapter discusses the mission, responsibilities, and organization of HR

structures.
3-1. HR Support organizations are as follows:

Battalion S-1 Section.
Brigade/BCT S-1 Section.
Division G-1
Corps G-1.
CONUS Replacement Center.
Replacement Company.
Human Resources Command (HRC).
Department of the Army G-1.
Army/ASCC G-1.
Human Resources Sustainment Center (HRSC).
Military Mail Terminal Team.
Theater Gateway R5 Team.
HR Company.
HR Company Postal Plans & Operations Team.
HR Company R5 Plans & Operations Team.
Postal Platoon.
R5 Platoon Headquarters.
R5 Team.
Casualty Platoon Headquarters.
Casualty Liaison Team.
Human Resources Operations Cell.
Army Bands.
BATTALION S-1 SECTION

3-2. The mission of the Battalion S-1 is to plan, coordinate and execute Battalion HR Support.
RESPONSIBILITIES
3-3. The Battalion S-1 Section is the Battalion commanders principal staff section for HR support. The
S-1 has the following responsibilities:
Plan, direct and manage HR core competencies.
Maintain accountability of all assigned, attached, or other personnel who deploy with the
Battalion.
Ensure timely personnel accounting and strength reporting is conducted in compliance with all
local, theater, and Army policies.
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 3-1

Chapter 3
Coordinate all aspects of force health protection, military pay, religious, legal, and command
information support within the Battalion. Ensure activities support tactical plans, their branches
and sequels, and the commander's desired end-state.
Prepare personnel estimates and annexes to plans.
Provide oversight for internal Army Records Information Management System (ARIMS)
compliance. (Note: The Military Personnel File (MPF) is maintained at the MPD/Brigade/BCT
S-1).
Provide or coordinate forms and publications management, official mail distribution, Privacy
Act and Freedom of Information Act inquiries, and Congressional Inquiries (CI) within the
Battalion headquarters and subordinate units.
Establish and document Battalion HR policies and standing operating procedures (SOP).
Coordinate with higher headquarters to obtain external HR support.
Coordinate essential personnel services as directed for all assigned or attached personnel.
Coordinate legal support of certain personnel activities to include service transfers and
discharges, line of duty investigations, conscientious objector processing, summary court officer
appointments, and military justice.
Ensure compliance with command responsibility for casualty correspondence (e.g., letters of
condolence and sympathy).
Coordinate command interest programs as directed; e.g. voting assistance program, CFC, AER,
community support programs, etc.
EMPLOYMENT
3-4. The Battalion S-1 Section operates in accordance with METT-TC analysis. Location on the
battlefield must allow for full voice and data connectivity (Secure/Non-secure) in order to provide HR
support. The S-1 Section organizes within specific functional areas in order to synchronize personnel
management activities, manage current and plan future operations.
ORGANIZATION
3-5. The Battalion S-1 organizes the section to execute the responsibilities listed above. The S-1 will
normally organize personnel functionally (assign specific personnel to an area of responsibility), then cross
train within the section for continuity and consistency. Typical areas of responsibility include manning,
personnel support, HR services, and legal. Figure 3-1 depicts a Battalion S-1 staffing and organizational
architecture for a 10 person S-1 section.
Note: Battalion S-1 section size varies based on the size of the assigned TOE supported
population.
3-2 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

Figure 3-1. Example Battalion S-1 Section Organizational Architecture
SUPPORT REQUIREMENTS
3-6. The Battalion S-1 Section is dependent upon the appropriate elements of the Battalion or Brigade for
systems connectivity, religious, legal, force health protection, field feeding, unit maintenance, logistical
support, and supplemental transportation support. The BN S-1 relies on secure, continuous, and survivable
SPECIAL TROOPS BATTALION (STB) S-1 SECTION

3-7. The mission of the STB S-1 Section is to plan, coordinate and execute STB HR Support and provide
HR support to STB Soldiers and others attached or ADCONed to the supported headquarters. Due to the
size of the supported population in the STB, the likelihood of significant attachments when deployed, and
the independent nature of STB operations, the STB S-1 section has similar capabilities to the Brigade/BCT
S-1 section. The section is manned and equipped accordingly.
RESPONSIBILITIES
3-8. The STB S-1 is the STB Commander's principal staff officer for HR Support. The STB S-1 provides
HR policy, information and support for assigned or attached personnel to the Division/Corps/Army/ASCC
staff and to the separate companies assigned or attached to the Special Troops Battalion. The STB S-1 has
the following responsibilities:
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 3-3

Chapter 3
Ensure timely personnel accounting and strength reporting is conducted in compliance with all
local, theater, and Army policies.
compliance.
Serves as the personnel records custodian for the Military Personnel File (MPF).
Act and Freedom of Information Act inquiries, and manage Congressional Inquiries (CI).
Establish and document STB HR policies and SOPs.
Prepare ID documents for all supported Soldiers as required.
Execute PRM for all assigned and attached Soldiers in coordination with the element G-1.
Prepare casualty reports in compliance with all local, theater, and Army policies.
Coordinate with HR Ops cell of supporting Sustainment Brigade for external HR support.
Coordinate and execute command interests programs as directed; e.g. voting assistance program,
CFC, AER, community support programs, etc.
EMPLOYMENT
3-9. The STB S-1 operates in accordance with METT-TC analysis. This facilitates
Division/Corps/Army/ASCC-wide HR technical and systems integration. The STB S-1 may organize
functional area managers within the section to synchronize personnel management activities and plan
current and future operations.
ORGANIZATION
3-10. The STB S-1 organizes section personnel functionally (assigns specific personnel to an area of
responsibility), then cross trains within the section for continuity and consistency in accordance with
METT-TC.
3-4 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

Figure 3-2. Example Special Troops Battalion S-1 Section Organizational Architecture
3-11. The STB S-1 Section is dependent upon the appropriate elements of the STB for religious, force
health protection, field feeding, unit maintenance, logistical support, equipment and facilities, public
affairs, and supplemental transportation support. The STB S-1 relies on secure, continuous, and survivable
BRIGADE/BCT S-1 SECTION

3-12. The mission of the Brigade/BCT S-1 Section is to plan, coordinate and execute brigade HR Support.
RESPONSIBILITIES
3-13. The Brigade/BCT S-1 is the Brigade Commander's principal staff officer for HR Support. The
Brigade/BCT S-1 also provides technical direction to subordinate unit S-1 sections and is responsible for
the mentorship and leader development of junior HR officers and Soldiers. The Brigade/BCT S-1 has the
following responsibilities:
Coordinate all aspects of force health protection, military pay, and religious support within the
Brigade. Ensure activities support tactical plans, their branches and sequels, and the
commander's desired end-state.
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 3-5

Chapter 3
Manages the personnel strength of the Brigade/BCT and all subordinate units. Manages the
assigned strength distribution Distribution Management Sub-Level (DMSL).
compliance.
Perform PAS management for the Brigade/BCT.
Serves as the personnel records custodian for the Military Personnel File (MPF).
Act and Freedom of Information Act inquiries, and manage Congressional Inquiries (CI) within
the brigade headquarters and subordinate units.
Establish and document Brigade/BCT personnel policies and SOPs.
Coordinate with the HR Ops cell of the supporting Sustainment Brigade to obtain external HR
support for the brigade.
Prepare casualty reports in compliance with all local, theater, and Army policies.
Coordinates command interests programs as directed; e.g. voting assistance program, CFC,
AER, community support programs, etc.
Performs limited HR support functions other S-1 Sections cannot perform such as records
management, casualty information processing, data reconciliation, systems administration,
strength management and production of ID cards.
EMPLOYMENT
3-14. The Brigade/BCT S-1 section operates in accordance with METT-TC analysis. This facilitates
brigade-wide technical and systems integration. The S-1 may organize functional area managers within the
section to synchronize HR operations and plan current and future operations. All or portions of the
Brigade/BCT S-1 Section may be task-organized to support a brigade/battalion deployment across the full
spectrum of military operations.
ORGANIZATION
3-15. The Brigade/BCT S-1 organizes section personnel functionally (assigns specific personnel to an
area of responsibility), then cross trains within the section for continuity and consistency in accordance
with METT-TC.
3-6 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

Figure 3-3. Brigade/BCT S-1 Section Organizational Architecture
3-16. The Brigade/BCT S-1 Section is dependent upon the appropriate elements of the Brigade/BCT for
religious, legal, force health protection, field feeding, unit maintenance, logistical support, equipment and
facilities, public affairs, and supplemental transportation support. The Brigade/BCT S-1 relies on non-
secure, secure, continuous, and survivable communications and digital information systems.
DIVISION G-1
3-17. The Division G-1 is the Division Commanders principal staff officer for HR management. The
Division G-1 also provides technical direction to subordinate unit S-1 sections and is responsible for the
mentorship and leader development of junior HR officers and Soldiers.
RESPONSIBILITIES
3-18. The Division G-1 has the following responsibilities:
Monitor the Division PASR system in order to cross-level strength as required to support the
operational requirements of the Commander. While not directly performing strength
management, the G-1 ensures the PRM priorities of the Commander and the Army are enforced,
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 3-7

Chapter 3
and facilitates the by exception management of the Commander in subordinate personnel

readiness of assigned organizations.
Coordinate all aspects of HR support within the Division. Ensure activities support tactical
plans, their branches and sequels, and the commander's desired end-state.
compliance.
Act and Freedom of Information Act inquiries, managing Congressional Inquiries (CI) within
the Division headquarters and subordinate units.
Establish and document Division HR policies and SOPs.
Coordinate with higher headquarters G-1s and the supporting Expeditionary Sustainment
Command and Sustainment Brigades to obtain external HR support for the Division.
Coordinate essential personnel services as directed for all assigned or attached JIM personnel.
Monitor and review casualty reports in compliance with all local, theater, and Army policies.
Ensure compliance of command responsibility for casualty correspondence (e.g., letters of
Integrate all HR support activities within the Division.
Coordinate the preparation of plans and orders for all HR Support activities to include the
chaplain, surgeon, dentist, civilian personnel officer, and staff judge advocate, if directed by the
Chief of Staff.
Direct the military and civilian HR systems.
Manage the Soldier readiness program.
Recommend replacement allocations and priorities of fill to the Division Commander/Division
G-3 if executing theater replacement operations.
Serve as a member of any Force Sustainment Boards within the staff which require HR
expertise.
Be prepared to serve as JTF/CJTF/JFLCC J/C-1, with JIIM augmentation, as required when
Division is designated as a joint forces headquarters.
EMPLOYMENT
3-19. The Division G-1 operates from the Division Main Command Post (CP). There may be situations
which require the presence of a small element of the G-1 section collocated with the supporting
Sustainment Brigade if a Division Support Area is created. Additionally, the Division G-1 must be
prepared to support the Tactical Command Post if a G-1 presence is required.
3-20. The early deploying element should be a combination of resources from the Division G-1. It must be
organized to support early entry/assault echelons. The minimum essential resources are those required to
establish and operate the critical personnel accounting and strength reporting and casualty reporting
systems in the theater of operations. The expected situation duration and magnitude of operations will be
deciding factors in determining the size and composition of lead and follow-on elements.
3-21. HR Support capability will be established as early as the tactical situation permits. As the
deployment develops, it will be necessary to deploy additional resources in incremental packages from the
Division G-1 to coincide with the stages of the Division deployment.
3-8 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

ORGANIZATION
3-22. The Division G-1 consists of a headquarters element and three divisions: HR, PASR/PRM, and the
Operations Divisions. All, or portions of these divisions, may be deployed to support Division contingency
operations. Their responsibilities are described in the following paragraphs.
3-23. Human Resources Division. This division is responsible for essential personnel services in support
of the Division those EPS actions which require the approval or recommendation of the Commanding
General), generating HR policy for the Division, providing technical oversight of HR support, and for
other HR tasks as directed by the G-1 and Division Chief of Staff.
3-24. PASR/PRM Division. This division is responsible for the manning of the Division. The division
tracks personnel readiness through the PASR tools employed as elements of HR systems to ensure the
operational preparedness of the manning of subordinate attached and assigned organizations. The Division
G-1 no longer performs the individual allocation role of strength management, but still closely monitors the
manning of subordinate brigades and is prepared to accomplish the Division Commanders manning
priorities in concert with HRC. This division provides assistance to subordinate S-1 sections as they
perform PRM with direct linkage to HRC. This section coordinates PIM requirements for the Division and
ensures that the deployed database is properly updated and that R5 operations maintain timely and accurate
status of transiting Division Soldiers.
3-25. Operations Division. This division is responsible for the monitoring and influencing of current and
future operations from the HR perspective as members of the DMAIN Command Post. Additionally, this
division interfaces with all planning elements with the Division and supporting joint and interagency
elements. This section plans and coordinates MWR operations for the Division and performs all casualty
operations. This section is augmented by a 5-Soldier Casualty Liaison Team (CLT) from a supporting HR
Company during deployment.
3-26. The Division G-1 is dependent upon the Division Special Troops Battalion or other appropriate
elements if task organized, for religious, legal, force health protection, military pay, personnel,
administrative support, field feeding, unit maintenance, logistical support, equipment and facilities, and
supplemental transportation support. The Division G-1 relies on secure, continuous, and survivable secure
and non-secure communications and digital information systems.
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 3-9

Chapter 3
Figure 3-4. Example Division G-1 Organizational Architecture
CORPS G-1
3-27. The Corps G-1 is the Corps Commanders principal staff officer for HR management, and when the
Corps serves as a Joint Task Force (JTF), serves as the coordinating staff officer responsible for the
development of joint personnel plans, policies, and guidance on manpower and personnel issues. When
serving as an element of a JTF, the G-1 (J-1) becomes the principle coordinating staff element for
manpower and personnel support and synchronizes the efforts of subordinate service components. The
Corps G-1 also provides technical guidance to subordinate G-1s, S-1 sections, and other component
personnel staff sections and is responsible for the mentorship and leader development of junior HR officers
and Soldiers.
RESPONSIBILITIES
3-28. The Corps G-1 has the following responsibilities:
Plan, direct and manage HR core competencies and joint personnel core competencies when
serving as a JTF.
Monitor PASR system to accurately track personnel status of subordinate elements, and where
necessary, direct the cross-leveling of strength as required to support the operational
requirements of the Commander.
Coordinate all aspects of HR support within the Corps/JTF. Ensure activities support tactical
plans, their branches and sequels, and the commander's desired end-state.
Establish and document Corps/JTF HR policies and SOPs.
Coordinate with higher headquarters G-1s/J-1s and the supporting Theater Sustainment
Command, Expeditionary Sustainment Command and Sustainment Brigades to obtain external
HR support for the Corps/Army element of the JTF.
3-10 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

Coordinate essential personnel services as directed for all assigned or attached JIIM personnel.
Monitor and review casualty reports in compliance with all local, theater, and joint policies.
Ensure all subordinate service element casualty office provides guidance and information foe
service-specific reporting.
Ensure compliance of command responsibility for casualty correspondence (e.g., letters of
Direct the military and civilian HR/personnel systems.
Serve as a member of any Force Sustainment/Joint Logistics Boards within the staff which
require HR expertise.
Manage all JMD requirements to fill and augment the JTF staff, as required/directed.
Cooridinate all required individual augmentation requirements to fill/maintain the JTF staff.
Be prepared to serve as JTF/CJTF/JFLCC J/C-1, with JIIM augmentation, as required when
Corps is designated as a joint forces headquarters.
EMPLOYMENT
3-29. The Corps G-1 operates from the Corps Main Command Post (CP). There may be situations which
require the presence of a small element of the G-1 section collocated with the supporting Sustainment
headquarters if a Corps support area is established. Additionally, the Corps G-1 must be prepared to
support the Tactical Command Post if a G-1 presence is required.
3-30. HR Support capability will be established as early as the tactical situation permits. As the
deployment develops, it will be necessary to deploy additional resources in incremental packages from the
Corps G-1 to coincide with the stages of the deployment. Additionally, joint and multinational augmentees
must be received and integrated in the staff section as efficiently as possible and must flow as their
respective services or nations flow troops. The Corps G-1, while serving as a JTF, is responsible for the
timely manning of the staff. HR Transformation, established the direct Personnel Readiness Management
(PRM) relationship between Human Resources Command (HRC) and the Armys Brigade-level units to
unencumber the Corps G-1 as much as possible in executing PRM functions. Army PRM is generally
defined as: The process of distributing Soldiers to TOE brigades, groups or other equivalent units and
managing personnel readiness in concert with the unit S-1. Managing to the Brigade level enhances
personnel readiness in a brigade-centric Army by empowering S-1s to man all subordinate units regardless
of geographic location. This direct HRC to Brigade relationship is significant as it removes one or more
layers of involvement which enhances the precision distribution of Soldiers. The Corps G-1 will normally
have the following PRM responsibilities:
Coordinate cross levels, when required, with HRC for subordinate units.
Monitor DMSL personnel strength for subordinate units.
Execute PRM conflict resolution for subordinate units and serve as the honest broker for the
Corps Commander.
3-31. The Corps G-1 is dependent upon the Corps Special Troops Battalion or other appropriate elements
if task organized, for religious, legal, force health protection, military pay, personnel, administrative
support, field feeding, unit maintenance, logistical support, equipment and facilities, and supplemental
transportation support. The Corps G-1 requires reliable, continuous, and survivable secure and non-secure
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 3-11

Chapter 3
CONUS REPLACEMENT CENTER (CRC) / REPLACEMENT

BATTALION
3-32. The CRC provides processing and life support for non-unit related personnel (NRP) replacements
designated for deployment to OCONUS operations or redeployment from OCONUS operations.
EMPLOYMENT
3-33. Upon notification the Army G-1 coordinates the establishment of a CRC with TRADOC. The
TRADOC commander orders designated installation commanders to establish and operate the CRC. Once
established, CRC operations are then normally assigned to CONUS Replacement Battalions. The CRC
processing cycle takes five days from the time replacements report until they arrive at the Port of
Embarkation (POE). However, the CRC may reduce the processing time to 72 hours with substantial
garrison augmentation in order to meet operational requirements. Each replacement Battalion consists of
four Replacement Companies that may command and control up to four Replacement Platoons. Each
platoon has a capacity of 100 NRP replacements per processing cycle. When in a reserve status,
replacement units are organized at cadre level. Upon mobilization, these units must report to their CRC
stations at C3 status or higher in personnel readiness. This manning level is essential for the units to plan
and conduct operations on a continuous basis and perform their command and control mission.
RESPONSIBILITIES
3-34. CRC Battalions have responsibility for the following critical tasks:
Certifies Soldier readiness processing qualifications.
Coordinates for installation processing requirements as required.
Coordinates for equipping Soldiers and DOD civilians, contract civilians, and ARC and AAFES
personnel.
Coordinates training.
Provides / coordinates for AOR-specific briefings.
Coordinates movement around the installation and to the POE.
Creates and provides manifests.
Enters data into the replacement processing database, and transmits to HRC daily.
Reports non-deployable personnel to the post AG or parent unit for separation or reassignment.
Receives all classes of individuals arriving from the AOR, and coordinates with the installation
for disposition and security.
Coordinates outprocessing procedures with the installation.
Reports personnel that can not be immediately discharged to the post AG.
Generates / documents / proliferates unit SOP.
ORGANIZATION
3-35. Each CRC works closely with the installation staff and consists of a Command Section, a Unit
Ministry Team, a primary staff section, and two to six Replacement Companies.
3-36. The Installation staff is responsible for physically processing replacements, to include
administration, expendable supplies, Soldier Readiness Program verification, food service, billeting, data
processing, transportation, medical, dental, laundry, family assistance support, weapons qualification,
chemical defense equipment, and Organizational Clothing and Individual Equipment (OCIE) issue.
Installation training responsibilities include range operation, Nuclear Biological Chemical (NBC) training,
and other directed requirements.
3-37. The Command Section is responsible for the command and control of the processing and training of
replacements. The headquarters detachment provides the unit with administrative and personnel functions,
3-12 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

while maintaining accountability of up to 2,000 Soldiers awaiting onward movement or resolution of

administrative issues delaying deployment, holdovers.
3-38. The UMT provides counseling and religious support for Battalion personnel, subordinate units,
replacements, and associated family members.
3-39. Primary staff section responsibilities involve the management of internal Battalion support actions.
The S-1 personnel and administrative support branchs duties are centered on developing, coordinating,
and conducting initial processing stations, and certifying the deployability of each NRP. The S-2 / S-3 is
further charged with maintaining a 24-hour reception, communication and operations center that
coordinates and establishes NRP processing agendas with supporting activities. The movements branch of
a CONUS Replacement Battalion is responsible for project scheduling and coordination of all short and
long term transportation requirements.
Figure 3-5. CONUS Replacement Center Organizational Architecture
3-40. The CONUS Replacement Battalion is dependent upon the installation to which assigned for all
support to include billeting, training equipment and facilities, quarters & rations, supplemental
transportation, health services, unit maintenance, legal assistance, financial management, personnel and
administrative support and consulting staff. The CONUS Replacement Battalion/CRC relies on a robust
communications and digital information system.
REPLACEMENT COMPANY
3-41. Replacement Companies provide command and control, supervision, processing and quality of life
for 400 NRP during a five-day cycle under the control of a CONUS Replacement Center.
EMPLOYMENT
3-42. Replacement Companies usually operate as part of a CONUS Replacement Center. A Replacement
Battalion or CRC exercises command and control over replacement companies. The company's primary
role is to receive, process, support, and coordinate transportation for replacements.
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 3-13

Chapter 3
RESPONSIBILITIES
3-43. A Replacement Company is responsible for the following functions:
Provides internal administration support.
Provides processing quarters and rations for up to 400 customers per day.
Provides internal logistical support.
Coordinates operational orders, plans, and guidance necessary for mission execution.
Coordinates for battlefield orientation.
Provides accountability of Soldiers, DOD civilians, contractors, JIM forces.
Processes and assigns replacements against distribution plans from the ASCC G-1 readiness
manager.
Assembles crews or squads for weapons systems.
Coordinates for transportation of replacements.
Coordinates external intelligence and security support.
Coordinates personal sundry supplies for replacements.
Coordinates the re-equipping of returning to duty (RTD) personnel.
Generates / documents / proliferates unit SOPs.
ORGANIZATION
3-44. Three sections are found within the organizational architecture of a CONUS Replacement Company:
The Company Headquarters is the command and control element of the company.
The Operations Section maintains continuous 24-hour reception and operational capability.
Replacement Platoons are responsible for maintaining the physical accountability of all
personnel assigned to the platoon, and ensuring that they complete all required training and
processing in accordance with applicable policy. One replacement platoon is authorized per 100
replacements processed per day.
3-14 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

Figure 3-6. CONUS Replacement Company Organizational Architecture
3-45. This unit is dependent upon the Replacement Battalion and CONUS installation to which it is
assigned or attached for all support to include quarters and rations, training equipment and facilities, health
services support, unit maintenance, legal, religious, military pay, personnel, administrative services,
consulting staff, and supplemental transportation support in order to conduct replacement processing
operations.
HUMAN RESOURCES COMMAND (HRC)

3-46. HRC is the Army G-1s field operating agency responsible for executing personnel process policies.
Process policy execution focuses on developing business rules and procedures to deal with current and
anticipated functional processes. The execution activity links the supportive organizational operations to
personnel strategy and measures overall progress towards established goals.
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY G-1

3-47. The Army G-1 is the Army National HR Provider. As the senior Army HR decision-maker, the DA
G-1 develops policy and ensures HR support is synchronized between various personnel staff elements and
operating agencies. The mission of the Army G-1 is to develop, manage and execute all manpower and
personnel plans, programs, and policies across all Army components for the entire Army team. The G-1
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 3-15

Chapter 3
vision is responsive, reliable, and joint-networked personnel services and systems, which are continuously
available worldwide across the spectrum of conflict to man and sustain the Army team.
ARMY/ASCC G-1
3-48. The Army/ASCC G-1 is the senior HR advisor to the Army/ASCC Commander. The mission of the
Army/ASCC G-1 is to enhance the readiness and operational capabilities of forces within the ASCC and
ensure HR support is properly planned and executed.
RESPONSIBILITIES
3-49. The Army/ASCC G-1 has responsibility for the following:
Manages and supports all HR core competencies.
Planning, development, and coordination for long term and current operational personnel
policies.
Provides technical oversight for policy execution across the entire spectrum of Theater level HR
support.
Coordinate and manage force flow of HR units.
Identifying and coordinating external requirements in support of HR operations.
Conducting HR functions for all supported personnel when serving as a Joint HQ.
Establish deployed theater Casualty Area Command (CAC) utilizing the Casualty Operations
Division of the supporting HRSC.
Establish and monitor the deployed theater database for all Army forces, and, on order, joint
forces.
Planning and integrating civilian HR support.
Maintaining the manpower staffing for the Army/ASCC headquarters (e.g. Joint Manning
Document, individual augmentees, etc.). May include the development of modified documents.
Integrate all HR Support for the Army/ASCC in both the Army/ASCC AOR and any
contingency JOAs. As Army/ASCC G-1 priority of support is to Army component forces, when
serving as CFLCC/JFLCC C-1/J-1, the G-1 must ensure HR support for not only Army forces
but all land component forces.
Direct other Command Interest Programs as directed by the CDR.
Direct operations for all military bands assigned or attached to the Army/ASCC headquarters
and synchronize band operations with MWR activities.
EMPLOYMENT
3-50. The Army/ASCC G-1 is responsible for all HR support in the Army/ASCC area of operations. The
Army/ASCC G-1 is comprised of a main command post element and a Land Component
Command/Operational Command Post (LCC/OCP) element. Part of the LCC/OCP is an early entry
element which is part of the Early Entry Command Post (EECP).
ORGANIZATION
3-51. The Army/ASCC G-1 organizational structure includes Headquarters Section, a Postal Division,
Manpower Division, Programs and Policy Division, Plans and Operations Division, and an Operational
Command Post element.
3-52. The Headquarters Section directs, prioritizes and supervises the operations and functions of the G-1
divisions.
3-53. The Postal Division provides management oversight of AOR-wide postal operations and services.
The Postal Division establishes AOR-wide postal policies, assists in coordinating the establishment of an
MMT, and conducts postal planning for military operations.
3-16 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

3-54. The Manpower Division is comprised of a Headquarters Section and four branches, Awards and
Actions Branch, Individual Augmentee (IA) Branch, Enlisted Management Branch, and an Officer
Management Branch. The division establishes and manages the Army/ASCC awards and decorations
program, identifies and establishes manpower requirements for the Army/ASCC headquarters, including
personnel augmentation, maintains task force personnel summary, conducts personnel distribution analysis,
establishes distribution plans when theater replacement and casualty replacement shelves are created,
collects and correlates critical personnel enlisted and officer readiness information, plans and manages
rotation policy, and assists in reconstitution efforts.
3-55. Programs and Policy Division is comprised of a Headquarters Section and three branches, an MWR
Branch, Retention Branch, and Education, Drug and Alcohol Branch. The division develops and evaluates
installation plans, policies and procedures for mobilization, develops and promulgates Army/ASCC
policies and procedures; coordinates with MWR, AAFES, Red Cross, USO/AFE, provides oversight of
forward commands Unit Funds, Army/ASCC R&R Program, maintains and publishes statistics on
Retention Program reenlistment eligible, missions, and accomplishments; maintains retention mission
projections, identifies potentially detrimental trends and/or retention mission shortfalls, advises the
Army/ASCC commander on the allocation and employment of Education Specialists assigned/attached to
the Army/ASCC, manages the Education Program, and manages the Drug & Alcohol Program as required
to support and sustain the Commanders Program.
3-56. Plans and Operations Division manages Army/ASCC HR operations. The division facilitates the
tracking and management of HR operations in the Army/ASCC AOR and ensures Commanders HR
guidance and priorities are resourced. The division develops RC unit and individual mobilization plans,
provides G-1 representation for Army/ASCC planning and exercises, develops future HR plans,
coordinates future operations, participates in joint operational planning, conducts replacement planning and
prepares estimates; prepares plans and orders, prepares daily updates to CHOPS (Chief of Operations),
conducts operational mission analysis, and conducts analysis of HR operations and support.
3-57. The Land Component Command/Operational Command Post (LCC/OCP) is the early entry element
for the Army/ASCC G-1. The LCC/OCP establishes and coordinates initial HR support operations for the
theater.
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 3-17

Chapter 3
Figure 3-7. ASCC G-1 Organizational Architecture
3-58. The Army/ASCC G-1 is dependent upon the Army/ASCC STB for religious, legal, health service
support, military pay, HR support and administrative services, quarters & rations support, logistics, unit
maintenance of organic equipment, and supplementary transportation. The Army/ASCC G-1 relies on
HUMAN RESOURCE SUSTAINMENT CENTER

3-59. The HRSC is a multi-functional and modular element of the Theater Sustainment Command with the
mission to provide theater-level HR support to the Army/ASCC G-1 and the Theater Sustainment
Command (TSC) to plan, integrate and coordinate HR support to the theater. The HRSC provides technical
guidance to the TSC Support Operations Section (SPO) and the Army/ASCC G-1 and technical guidance
to the HR Operations Cells in the Expeditionary Sustainment Commands (ESC) and Sustainment Brigades,
and subordinate G-1s. The HRSCs flexible, modular, and scalable design increases the Directors ability
to tailor theater HR planning and operations support based upon the complexity of the theater and the
composition and size of theater forces supported and METT-TC. The modular design of the HRSC further
recognizes the requirement to provide support to the ASCC/Army G-1 which establishes HR support
requirements, priorities, and policies for the theater and the TSC SPO which is responsible for providing
the HR support, especially in the areas of postal, R5 operations, and PASR support.
3-18 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

RESPONSIBILITIES
3-60. HRSC responsibilities include:
Integrates HR support as defined by the Army/ASCC Commander and TSC Commander.
Sustains combat power and synchronizes HR functional responsibilities within its geographical
area.
Plans, coordinates, and integrates theater HR support for the Army/ASCC, with emphasis on
theater-level core competencies which include postal operations, R5 operations, casualty
operations and PASR support.
Establishes the theater deployed database (DTAS) and provides hierarchy management.
Integrates HR support at the Army/ASCC level and provides technical guidance to subordinate
HR Operations SPO cells and subordinate S-1s and G-1s, and HR Companies and their
subordinate platoons.
Manages personnel accountability, data access/reporting/analysis, casualty operations, postal
and R5 operations.
Provides technical support to Postal, R5 and Casualty units as well as provide personnel
guidance to G-1s and S-1s as needed.
Establishes deployed theater Casualty Area Command (CAC) under control of the Army/ASCC
G-1.
EMPLOYMENT
3-61. Deploy to the JOA to support the Army/ASCC with HR support as directed by the TSC Commander.
The HRSC will be required to conduct split-based operations and an increase in its mobility capability is
required to allow it to support both the TSC SPO and the Army/ASCC G-1.
ORGANIZATION
3-62. The HRSC consists of an Office of the Director, HRSC; Plans and Operations Division,
PASR/PRM/IM Division; Casualty Operations Division; R5 Operations Division; and Postal Operations
Division. Functions of the HRSC include providing technical guidance to HR Companies and S-1 Sections
in the area of operations, coordinating postal, casualty and R5 sourcing and resourcing and location;
ensuring connectivity and resource support for postal, R5 and casualty units; and integrating personnel data
when necessary.
3-63. The Plans and Operations Division of the HRSC assists the Army/ASCC G-1 and TSC SPO as
needed in managing current operational requirements and planning, both long and short range, for HR
management missions across the theater. The division develops and maintains internal plans and policies
for training as well as during contingency operations. The Plans and Operations Division manages internal
deployment plans, and contingency operations as well as assists the HRSC Chief and Army/ASCC G-1
with internal mission support, planning, and executing support operations.
3-64. The PASR/PRM/PIM Division provides the Army/ASCC G-1 with all the theater readiness analysis,
personnel accounting and strength reporting and information management. The division will focus on
assessing unit readiness and identifying critical personnel requirements. The strength reports from the
theater are collected, analyzed and reported to the Army/ASCC G-1. The division analyzes and provides
projected readiness status allowing the G-1 and the Commander to assess combat capability and support
intelligence and logistical preparation on the battlefield. This division ensures the R5 Division has all
necessary strength reports to implement appropriate replacement priorities based on guidance from the
Army/ASCC G-1 and for those replacements who arrive in theater without pinpoint assignment orders.
PSDR minimizes this role, as the replacement system continues to operate in a peacetime-type operation,
with strength being managed from HRC direct to the Brigade/BCT. Current manning levels preclude the
creation of theater replacement shelves, minimizing the replacement decision-making required of the R5
Division. The divisions Information Management duties include providing management of the theater
databases (currently DTAS/eMILPO in the future DIMHRS). The division manages the theater hierarchy
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 3-19

Chapter 3
and makes adjustments as the G3 updates and modifies task organization. The division is responsible for
synchronizing data and providing real-time information to all other divisions in the HRSC as well as the
Army/ASCC G-1 and the TSC SPO. The division assists units in the theater with establishment of the
theater database and any top of the system error resolution needed throughout the operations. The division
provides assistance and training as needed to units in the theater on PASR, PRM, and PIM. The server
hardware required to operate the theater DTAS database will be found in this section. Two sets of the
hardware will be maintained to ensure support to both the TSC SPO and the Army/ASCC G-1. The
majority of the section will normally support the Army/ASCC G-1 while deployed, as PASR is the
responsibility of the G-1.
3-65. The Casualty Operations Division will oversee all casualty reporting in a theater of operations and
will establish the Theater deployed Casualty Area Command (CAC) under the Army/ASCC G-1 which is
responsible for the receipt and forwarding of all casualty reports in the theater. The Casualty Operations
Division will collect casualty reports from the BCT S-1s and the Casualty Liaison Teams and submit to
HRC as well as maintain and provide casualty data and briefings for the Army/ASCC G-1. The division
must coordinate with G-4 on all mortuary affairs issues including research needed to identify remains or
determine the disposition of remains. The division assists with validating casualty mail information. The
Casualty Operations Division reports all casualties from contractors, DOD civilians, multi-national forces,
and personnel from other services and coordinates all joint casualty requirements as directed by the JFC
and as guided by established ASOS requirements. CLTs and the casualty platoon headquarters will be
OPCONd to the Casualty Operations Division/Theater Casualty Area Command during deployed
operations.
3-66. The R5 Operations Division assists the Army/ASCC G-1 with planning and operational oversight of
the R5 operations in the theater. The division coordinates with various staff elements for deployment and
redeployment plans and interfaces with Air Force elements for movement requirements and scheduling.
The division monitors, analyzes, and predicts projected passenger flow rates for the various R5 categories
in both directions to ensure theater R5 assets are adequately resourced and effectively positioned. The
division interfaces with the PASR/PRM Division for the Army/ASCC G-1s guidance on replacement
priorities and also ensures the CONUS Replacement Centers are following theater replacement guidance.
The R5 Operations Division assists the Army/ASCC G-1 in developing the theater R&R Policy and
implementation plan based on Army/ASCC G-1 and Commanders guidance. The division does all analysis
on R&R policies to provide necessary projected flow rates for the G-1 for proper distribution of R5
platoons and teams across the theater. Once the operation begins, the R5 Ops Division continues to
coordinate with CONUS APODs and Air Force planners concerning personnel flow. The division also
develops Return to Duty policies and procedures based on Army/ASCC G-1 guidance in conjunction with
the Army/ASCC surgeon. The division continuously maintains, analyzes and reports Reception,
Replacement, Return to Duty, R&R, and Redeployment statistics to the Army/ASCC G-1. The R5
Operations Division provides technical support to the Theater Gateway R5 Team and all R5 elements in
the theater. In the event theater replacement shelves are created, the R5 division will assist the
PASR/PRM/IM division with management of the shelf.
3-67. The Postal Operations Division (POD) will provide through the Army/ASCC G-1 or TSC SPO
technical oversight and compliance support to all postal units in the theater including the MMT Team. The
POD is capable of deploying a portion of the division to assist in Theater Gateway or to perform
inspections during Sustainment. The POD assists with theater locator and directory service. The POD, with
guidance from the Army/ASCC G-1, establishes theater postal policy and assists with execution of EPW
mail. The Postal Operations Directorate ensures appropriate Military Postal Services resources for postal
responsibilities in the theater as requested by the Army/ASCC or JFLCC Commander.
3-68. The HRSC receives HR Policy guidance from DA G-1 Personnel Policy Guidance (PPG), and in
some areas HRC and other national-level HR Organizations (Reserve Component) and receives all
employment and command guidance from the TSC Commander, in some cases the ESC Commander if
supporting an ESC, and Army/ASCC G-1. The HRSC receives life support from the TSC, or if conducting
split section operations, the Army/ASCC STB. The HRSC is capable of deploying Teams from every
Division to support both the TSC and Army/ASCC G-1 or Expeditionary Sustainment Commands (ESC)
as required based on the nature of the deployment.
3-20 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

Figure 3-8. Human Resources Sustainment Center Organizational Architecture
3-69. The HRSC is a staff section assigned to the TSC, and as such is completely dependent upon the TSC
STB for all administrative support, to include company-level UCMJ, and during split section operations,
the Army/ASCC STB for religious, legal, health service support, military pay, HR and administrative
services, quarters & rations support, logistics, unit maintenance of organic equipment, and supplementary
transportation. The HRSC relies on non-secure, secure, continuous, and survivable communications and
digital information systems.
MILITARY MAIL TERMINAL TEAM

3-70. The Military Mail Terminal Team provides postal support to an Area of Operations by establishing a
military mail terminal (MMT), coordinating, receiving, processing incoming mail, and dispatching mail to
CONUS.
RESPONSIBILITIES
3-71. MMT Team Responsibilities include:
Establish the Army component of a Joint Military Mail Terminal in conjunction with other
services or an MMT in a single service environment.
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 3-21

Chapter 3
Provide integrated, accurate and timely processing and distribution of all mail arriving in the
AO.
EMPLOYMENT
3-72. The MMT Team is initially employed in the Theater Opening Mission as an element of a
Sustainment Brigade with theater-opening mission to establish the JMMT or MMT with the augmentation
of one or more HR-Postal Companies. It establishes and provides the Army Component of a Joint Military
Mail Terminal at the inter-theater Aerial Port of Debarkation (APOD). As the JOA matures, the MMT
Team and the augmenting HR-Postal Company will transition to the Theater Distribution Mission. The
MMT Team receives technical guidance from MPSA and the Postal Operations Division of the HRSC
through the HR Operations Cell of the Expeditionary Sustainment Command (ESC) SPO) and the HR
Operations Cell of the Sustainment Brigade SPO. The MMT does not have C2 over the HR-Postal
Company, but does have overall control of the JMMT or MMT and provides all technical direction to the
HR-Postal Commander operating at the JMMT or MMT. It is employed as an assigned or attached element
of a Sustainment Brigades Brigade Troops Battalion (BTB) or a Combat Sustainment Support Battalion
(CSSB).
ORGANIZATION
3-73. The modular structure is the direct link to other services for postal support. The MMT Team
provides specialized postal expertise and experience and limited augmentation manpower. The modular
structure allows the commander to add the necessary level of seniority and experience appropriate for a
JTF level mission and to consolidate the necessary specialty equipment to do this bulk mission. The main
function of this Team is to process incoming mail and dispatch mail to CONUS at the APOD.
3-74. The MMT Team consists of a Headquarters Section, Operations Section, and 2 Postal Squads. The
Headquarters Section consists of a Director, Deputy Director, and Team Sergeant Major as well as 2
vehicle mechanics. The Director becomes the senior Army leader in the JMMT for all technical matters.
The Headquarters Section provides a direct link with other services for operating space at the terminal,
flight schedules and ground transportation of mail. The Headquarters Section also provides a single JOA
level executor with the expertise and experience to support the Army/ASCC G-1 and TSC Commander.
3-75. The Operations Section consists of a 4-man team providing logistical planning, operating guidance,
and all other postal staff support. The operations section is the vital link for all theater postal operations
planning and implementing all necessary input from the other services and guidance from Military Postal
Service Agency (MPSA) into the operating plan. It is the operational interface between the MMT and
Sustainment BRIGADE SPO HR Ops Sections which coordinate the distribution of mail received from the
MMT.
3-76. Equipment is crucial to the success of this AOR-level postal team. All heavy postal equipment for
the AOR is associated with the MMT Team. The Team has both a T-RTCH and large forklifts to move the
bulk mail in and out of the APOD. Satellite Phones, radios and CAISI connectivity provide the necessary
communication to track unit movements and control mail movement from CONUS to the AOR and
throughout the AO.
3-77. HR-Postal Company augmenting the JMMT or MMT will receive all technical supervision and
guidance from the MMT Director. The HR-Postal Company Commander retains all command and control
functions for the company. The MMT Team receives policy and technical assistance from the Postal
Operations Division of the HRSC through the TSC SPO, ESC HR Ops Section and receives all
employment and operating decisions and guidance from the Sustainment Brigade that it is attached or
OPCONd to. The MMT Team is initially part of the Sustainment Brigade with Theater Opening mission
and on order, transitions to Theater Distribution mission to continue theater support (can transition to
contract support in a stable sustainment environment). The team relies on the Sustainment BRIGADE BTB
or a CSSB for all life support as an attached or assigned subordinate unit.
3-22 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

Figure 3-9. Military Mail Terminal Organizational Architecture
3-78. The MMT Team receives operational guidance and directives from the HR Operations Cell (HROC)
of the Sustainment Brigade SPO and the BTB or CSSB Battalion Commander and technical guidance from
the HROC of the ESC SPO and the POD of the HRSC through the HR Ops Cell. The MMT is dependent
upon the BTB or a CSSB in the Sustainment Brigade for religious, legal, health service support, military
pay, HR and administrative services, quarters & rations support, logistics, unit maintenance of organic
equipment, and supplementary transportation. The MMT relies on secure and non-secure, continuous, and
THEATER GATEWAY R5 TEAM

3-79. The Theater Gateway R5 Team provides R5 support to the theater of operations by coordinating and
providing R5 operations which provide personnel accountability and database inputs as Soldiers enter,
transit, and depart the theater at the inter-theater APOD; and executes tasks supporting the personnel
accountability task. The TG R5 Team operates as an element of the inter-theater APOD performing
personnel accountability tasks and associated supporting tasks under the control of the Sustainment
organization responsible for the operation of the inter-theater APOD, normally a Combat Support
Sustainment Battalion (CSSB).
RESPONSIBILITIES
3-80. TG R5 Team responsibilities include:
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 3-23

Chapter 3
Establish initial Personnel Processing Center (PPC) in the inter-theater APOD/Reception area.
Establish personnel accountability of all personnel entering, transiting, or departing the AO.
Assist the HRSC PASR/PRM/IM Division with establishing the deployed theater database.
Coordinate transportation for inbound Soldiers from the PPC to the staging area.
Coordinate transportation for outbound Soldiers from the PPC to aircraft.
Coordinate billeting for transiting Soldiers awaiting onward movement.
As required, coordinate with the HRSC PASR/PRM/IN Operations Division for pinpoint
assignment instructions for replacements and RTD Soldiers entering the theater without a
pinpoint assignment.
Assist with command and control of Theater replacement and casualty shelves, if the situation
and METT-TC allow their creation.
Maintain accountability of R&R personnel.
Execute R5 processing for both units and individuals entering, transiting, or departing the AO.
EMPLOYMENT
3-81. Deploys and establishes a Theater-level Theater Gateway R5 Center with an HR-R5 Company at the
primary inter-theater Aerial Port of Debarkation (APOD) as an element of the Sustainment Brigade with
Theater-opening mission for reception, replacement, return-to-duty, R&R, and redeployment personnel
accountability operations. The TG R5 Team receives technical guidance from the R5 Operations Division
of the HRSC through the HR Operations Cell of the Expeditionary Sustainment Command (ESC) SPO and
the HR Operations Cell of the Sustainment Brigade SPO. Requires capability to communicate digitally
through web and voice, both secure and non-secure, to R5 elements, G-1 Sections, logistical support
elements and other branches of service. It is employed as an assigned or attached element of a Sustainment
Brigade's Brigade Troops Battalion (BTB) or a Combat Sustainment Support Battalion (CSSB).
ORGANIZATION
3-82. The Theater Gateway R5 Team is an organization in the Sustainment Brigade with Theater Opening
(and Theater Distribution) mission to establish and execute a theater level R5 Center with the manpower
support of an HR-R5 Company at the principle inter-theater Aerial Port of Debarkation (APOD). More
than one TG R5 Center will be required if more than one inter-theater APOD is active. It is an existence
based organization in the Sustainment Brigade employed as part of the Theater Opening Mission to
establish a JOA TG R5 Center. As the JOA matures, the Theater Gateway R5 Team and the augmenting
HR-R5 Company will transition to the JOA Distribution Mission. The Theater Gateway R5 Team receives
technical guidance from R5 Operations Division of the HRSC through the HR Operations Cells of the ESC
and Sustainment Brigade SPO. Operational guidance and directives are initiated by the Army/ASCC G-1
and passed to the HRSC in OPLAN or OPORD format. The Theater Gateway R5 Team does not have
command and control over the HR-R5 Company, but does have overall control of the TG R5 Center and
provides all technical direction to the HR-R5 Commander.
3-83. The modular structure is the direct link to other services regarding replacement, reception, R&R,
return-to-duty and redeployment personnel flow into and out of the theater. The Theater Gateway R5 Team
with supporting HR-R5 Company is capable of supporting a population including other services,
multinational forces, contractors, DOD civilians, and US government agencies when directed by ASOS
and JFC orders. The Theater Gateway R5 team provides specialized R5 expertise and experience to
oversee the entire spectrum of R5 functions from large scale unit reception missions (RSOI) during Theater
Gateway to labor intensive R&R missions in sustainment operations. The modular structure allows the
commander to add the necessary level of seniority and experience appropriate for a high visibility theater
level mission. The main functions of this team is to provide the supporting staff to do all the necessary
coordination, planning and implementation for a large scale R5 mission during the various stages of an
operation.
3-84. The Theater Gateway R5 Team consists of a headquarters section and operations section. See Figure
3-10.
3-24 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

3-85. The headquarters section consists of a Director, Deputy Director, Personnel Tech and Team Sergeant
Major. The Director becomes the senior officer in the Theater Gateway R5 Team for all technical matters.
The headquarters section provides a direct link with other services and other supporting units for operating
space at the terminal, flight schedules, follow-on transportation and all logistical support. The headquarters
section also provides a senior authority with the expertise and experience to interact with the
Theater/ASCC G-1 and other senior military leaders in the theater on all R5 matters.
3-86. The operation section consists of a 6-man team providing logistical planning, movement control and
transportation planning, operating guidance, and all other necessary coordination. The operations section is
the vital link with supporting Sustainment support units (CSSB), forward S-1 and G-1 sections, and
CONUS-based staging areas.
3-87. To provide vital personnel services capability for Soldiers in transient, the R5 Plans and Operations
Team of the supporting HR-R5 Company has equipment and system accesses to produce CAC
identification cards and identification tags as well as world-wide eMILPO access to update DD Form 93
(Record of Emergency Data) and SGLV.
3-88. The HR-R5 or R5 Company augmenting the inter-theater level TG R5 mission will receive all
technical supervision and guidance from the Theater Gateway R5 Director. The HR-R5 Company
Commander retains all command and control functions for the company. The Theater Gateway R5 team
receives policy and technical assistance from the R5 Operations Division of the HRSC and receives all
employment and operating decisions and guidance from the Sustainment BRIGADE Commander through
the Sustainment BRIGADE SPO HR Ops section. The Theater Gateway R5 team is initially part of the
Sustainment Brigade with Theater Opening mission and on order, transitions to a Theater Distribution
mission to continue theater support (can transition to contract support in a stable sustainment environment).
The team relies on the BTB or the CSSB for life support as an assigned or attached subordinate element.
Figure 3-10. Theater Gateway R5 Team Organizational Architecture
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 3-25

Chapter 3
SUPPORT
3-89. The Theater Gateway R5 Team is initially part of the Sustainment Brigade with Theater Opening
mission and, transitions to a JOA Distribution mission to continue JOA support. The team relies on either
the Sustainment Brigade BTB or a CSSB for life support as an assigned or attached subordinate element.
HR COMPANY HEADQUARTERS
3-90. The HR Company headquarters provides command and control and technical support to all assigned
or attached platoons and teams (R5, Casualty and/or Postal). It is both an existence and workload-based
modular headquarters.
RESPONSIBILITIES
3-91. HR Companys Headquarters responsibilities include:
Provide command and control of all assigned or attached specialized teams or platoons R5,
Casualty, Postal).
Provide HR manpower in support of MMT and TG R5 operations as an element of the theater-
opening module of a Sustainment Brigade.
Coordinate external support functions, such as life support, force protection, logistics, and
transportation.
Provide logistical, maintenance, and field feeding support to all assigned or attached R5,
Casualty and/or Postal platoons.
Provide support to area S-1 sections regarding postal, R5 or casualty matters as required.
Provide execution planning and current operations tracking for R5 and postal operations, when
augmented with R5 or Postal plans and operations teams.
Training and readiness oversight for all assigned and attached specialized HR platoons and
teams.
EMPLOYMENT
3-92. Deploys and provides command and control for postal, R5 and/or casualty platoons/teams. Requires
capability to communicate by both secure and non-secure voice and data to elements of attached platoons,
STB/CSSB, Sustainment Brigade HR Ops cell (SPO), G-1 and S-1 Sections, transportation and other
sustainment and joint elements.
3-93. The HR Company Headquarters is an existence and workload based command and control
organization employed with 2-6 postal, R5 or casualty platoons, and either a Postal Plans and Operations
Team, an R5 Plans and Operations Team or both. The HR Company can be employed in a Division/Corps
or Army/ASCC in area support and attached to a MMT Team or Theater Gateway R5 Team. HR Company
Headquarters may be located at the APOD and in the Division/Corps AOR as directed by the Army/ASCC
G-1.
3-94. The company is capable of employing independently to support postal, R5 and casualty operations to
a smaller force or employing as a functionally pure HR-R5 or HR-Postal company capable of large scale
single function missions for a robust Theater. The company headquarters element will have the capability
and mobility to provide C2 to multiple teams or platoons operating from multiple locations.
ORGANIZATION
3-95. This headquarters is very modular, flexible and scalable allowing the AOR commanders to tailor
their R5, Postal and Casualty support in the most effective and least invasive manner with the smallest
possible footprint required to provide the directed support. The HR Company headquarters provides
capability to adapt to a joint or multinational environment.
3-26 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

3-96. The Command Section, consisting of a Commander, an Executive Officer, and a First Sergeant,
plans, supervises, and monitors the activities of the HR Company and is aided by the Headquarters Support
Section. The Command Section provides leadership to all attached personnel and units. The Headquarters
Support Section provides limited maintenance, logistics, field feeding and automation support to the
company.
3-97. The HR Company headquarters receives its short and long term planning as well as current and
future operations management capability from the Postal and/or R5 Plans and Operations Team when
postal or R5 platoons are attached. The company receives policy guidance from the R5, Postal or Casualty
Ops Division of the HRSC, planning guidance from the Sustainment Brigade SPO HR Ops Cell and
overall HR planning priorities from the Army/ASCC G-1, as passed through the theater sustainment
structure. The Sustainment Brigade SPO HR Ops Cell will provide the planning and resourcing assistance
within the Sustainment Brigade. The HR Company falls under the BTB or CSSB of the Sustainment
Brigade for all administrative support.
Figure 3-11. HR Company Headquarters Organizational Architecture
SUPPORT
3-98. The HR Company headquarters receives its short and long term planning as well as operational
management capability from the Postal and/or R5 Team when postal or R5 platoons are attached. The
Sustainment Brigade SPO HR Ops Cell provides the planning and resourcing assistance within the
Sustainment Brigade for all required sustainment support. The HR Company falls under the STB of the
Sustainment Brigade for all administrative support. The HR Company Headquarters requires secure and
non-secure voice and digital communications support.
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 3-27

Chapter 3
HR COMPANY POSTAL PLANS AND OPERATIONS TEAM

3-99. Provides the HR Company with both long and short term postal planning, current and future
operations management, technical support and directory services when postal platoons are attached to the
company to facilitate the HR (Postal) Companys ability to execute its specific tasks.
RESPONSIBILITIES
3-100. Postal Plans and Operations Team responsibilities include:
Provides long and short term postal planning to the HR company commander.
Provides current and future operations management for postal platoons attached/assigned to HR
Companies.
Manage directory service for all associated postal platoons.
EMPLOYMENT
3-101. Deploys as part of an HR company with postal platoons to the area of operation and provide postal
staff support and directory service. Requires capability to communicate both digitally and voice both
secure and non-secure to elements of attached platoons, HR Company, Sustainment Brigade SPO HR
Operations Cell, S-1 Sections, transportation and logistics elements.
ORGANIZATION
3-102. The Postal Plans and Operations Team is a staff section attached to an HR Company headquarters
when one or more postal platoons are assigned or attached. It provides postal planning and operational
management to the HR Co Commander as well as company level directory service. The team can be
employed anywhere an HR Company is employed.
3-103. The Postal Plans and Operations Team consist of a Plans and Operations Section and a Directory
Service Section. The Postal Plans and Operations Section manage current operational requirements and
plans both long and short range postal missions. The Postal Directory Service operates a central mail
directory based on personnel data from the G-1 and S-1 sections of the supported population.
3-28 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

Figure 3-12. Postal Plans and Operations Team Organizational Architecture
SUPPORT
3-104. The Postal Plans and Operations Team receives it policy guidance from the Sustainment Brigade
SPO HR Ops cell and the Postal Operations Division of the HRSC. Any coordination for resources or
Sustainment Brigade involvement for planning or operations will be done through the HR Ops Cell of the
corresponding Sustainment Brigade. All HR planning prioritization will flow from the Army/ASCC G-1
through the HRSC and/or the ESC to the Sustainment Brigade HROC. The Postal Plans and Operations
Team is attached to the HR Company HQ for administrative and C2 support and relies on secure and non-
HR COMPANY R5 PLANS AND OPERATIONS TEAM

3-105. Provides the HR Company with both long and short term R5 planning, technical support, current
and future operations management and personnel accountability data integration when R5 platoons are
attached to the company to facilitate the HR (R5) Companys ability to execute its specific R5 tasks.
RESPONSIBILITIES
3-106. The R5 Plans and Operations Team responsibilities include:
Provides long and short term R5 planning to the HR company commander.
Provide current and future R5 operations management.
Consolidates and manages R5 personnel accountability data.
Produces CAC cards and ID tags as required for transient personnel.
Makes changes to DD Form 93 and SGLV as needed for transient personnel.
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 3-29

Chapter 3
EMPLOYMENT
3-107. Deploys as part of an HR company with R5 platoons to provide R5 staff support and data
integration. R5 Plans and Operations Team is a staff section attached to an HR Company headquarters
when one or more R5 platoons are attached. It deploys as an element of the HR Company and provides R5
planning, operations management and data integration to the HR Co Commander. Requires capability to
communicate both digitally and voice, both secure and non-secure, to elements of attached R5 platoons and
teams, HR Company, Sustainment Brigade SPO HR Operations cell, G-1/S-1 Sections, transportation
(A/DACG or MCT) and logistical elements operating in the APOD area of operations.
ORGANIZATION
3-108. The R5 Plans and Operations Team consists of a 5-man Plans and Operations Section and a 4-man
Data Integration Section. The R5 Plans and Operations Section manages current operational requirements
and plans for long and short-range R5 missions. The Data Integration Section manages and integrates
personnel accountability data into the deployed theater database. The integration Section consolidates data
from various sources, performs quality control measures and manages transmittal of data to higher
headquarters and affected units, as well as providing consolidated unit data to transiting G-1/S-1s. The
Section also facilitates the preparation of transiting S-1 section AHRS computers to use DTAS, as well as
assisting the creation of DTAS hierarchy.
3-109. To provide vital personnel service capability for Soldiers in transient, the R5 Plans and Operations
Team has equipment and system accesses such as DEERS RAPIDS machines to produce CAC
identification cards and identification tags, as well as eMILPO access to update DD Form 93 and SGLV.
Figure 3-13. R5 Plans and Operations Team Organizational Architecture
3-30 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

SUPPORT
3-110. The R5 Plans and Operations Team receives technical guidance from the Sustainment Brigade
SPO HR Ops Cell and the R5 Operations Division of the HRSC. Any coordination for resources or
Sustainment Brigade involvement for planning or operations will be done through the HR Ops Cell of the
corresponding Sustainment Brigade SPO. All HR planning priorities will originate from the Army/ASCC
G-1 or Corps/Division G-1 and be passed through the HRSC and/or the Sustainment BRIGADE to the HR
Company HQ. The R5 Plans and Operations Team is attached to the HR Company HQ for administrative
and C2 support, and relies on secure and non-secure, continuous, and survivable communications and
digital information systems.
POSTAL PLATOON
3-111. The mission of the postal platoon is to provide postal support to all individuals and units in an
assigned area of operations or to serve as an element of a military mail terminal. Postal platoons operate in
conjunction with Postal Plans and Operations teams within HR Companies.
RESPONSIBILITIES
3-112. Postal Platoon responsibilities include:
Supervise/control the platoon.
Coordinate with HR Company Hqs.
Direct daily postal operations.
Receive and distribute intra-theater mail.
Prepare mail for unit mail clerks.
Receive, process, and dispatch outgoing mail.
Receive, process, and redirect incoming mail.
Update postal routing schemes.
Conduct casualty mail and EPW mail operations.
Conduct postal financial management.
EMPLOYMENT
3-113. Deploys to the AOR and provides modular, scalable and flexible postal support including postal
financial management, services, and mail distribution as part of an HR Company. The Postal Platoon is a
multifunctional organization providing postal support for up to 6,000 personnel or serving as one of four
platoons in support of an MMT. This universal modular platoon is capable of performing the complete
spectrum of postal functions from postal service and postal finance to postal operations. It also includes
processing incoming bulk mail and coordinates mail transportation to forward platoons. Processes outgoing
mail to CONUS. Requires capability to communicate digitally and voice to HR Company headquarters,
and G-1/S-1 Sections of units in the supported area.
ORGANIZATION
3-114. The postal platoon consists of a headquarters section, postal finance section, and two postal
squads. The headquarters section provides command and control, leadership, and resourcing. The postal
finance section sells money orders, stamps, and provides accountable mail services. Each postal squad has
the capability to perform operations or services missions or to perform independently as needed as a
mobile mail team. The platoons are each equipped with three variable reach forklifts to provide efficient
mail movement in whatever type of area the platoon is supporting.
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 3-31

Chapter 3
Figure 3-14. Postal Platoon Organizational Architecture
SUPPORT
3-115. The Postal Platoon receives all technical guidance through the HR Company headquarters and the
corresponding Postal Plans and Operations Team. The HR Company HQ provides all command and
control to the attached postal platoons.
R5 PLATOON HEADQUARTERS
3-116. The R5 Platoon Headquarters provides command and control to R5 Personnel Accounting Teams.
RESPONSIBILITIES
3-117. The R5 Platoon Headquarters responsibilities include:
Supervise and control the platoon and attached/assigned Personnel Accounting teams.
Coordinate with HR Company HQs.
Facilitate the coordination of onward movement transportation for transiting Soldiers.
At inter-theater APODs, coordinate with A/DACG/MCT for intra-theater transportation for
transiting Soldiers/units.
At inter-theater APODs, coordinate temporary storage of transiting Soldier equipment when
Soldier will return to theater after a short-duration absence (R&R).
At intra-theater APODs, coordinate temporary transient billeting for transiting Soldiers.
Directs daily platoon operations.
3-32 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

EMPLOYMENT
3-118. Deploys to an area of operations and provides command and control as well as technical support to
R5 Personnel Accounting Teams and may be required to execute R5 operations separate of the TG R5
Center at an intra-theater APOD with a daily flow between 600-1200 Soldiers. Requires capability to
communicate digitally and voice, secure and non-secure, to R5 Personnel Accounting Teams, HR
Company headquarters, transportation elements (A/DACG or MCT), Sustainment Brigade SPO HR
Operations cell, logistical support elements and G-1/S-1 Sections of units in the assigned area.
3-119. The R5 Platoon HQ is an existence-based command and control organization employed in support
of two-three R5 Personnel Accounting Teams. The R5 platoons will largely be employed either at the
APOD in support of the Theater Gateway R5 Center (inter-theater APOD) or in the Division/Corps
sustainment area supporting Division/Corps personnel at an intra-theater APOD. As a JOA becomes more
established and additional APODs are opened, R5 Personnel Accounting Teams or R5 platoons will be
dispersed to cover all entry points into the JOA for accurate personnel accountability. The R5 platoon
headquarters relies on the HR Company HQ with an R5 Plans and Operations Team for all technical
guidance and support.
ORGANIZATION
3-120. The headquarters consists of an 8-man team that provides technical guidance, leadership, logistical
support and command and control for attached R5 Personnel Accounting teams, while also providing a
transportation element critical in coordinating the movement of personnel flowing through R5 Centers,
especially critical if the platoon is executing an intra-theater R5 center at an APOD without further R5
support. Further, the team tracks emergency leaves, inter-theater and intra-theater transfers as dictated by
METT-TC.
Figure 3-15. R5 Platoon Headquarters Organizational Architecture
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 3-33

Chapter 3
SUPPORT
3-121. The R5 platoon headquarters receives all technical guidance from the HR Company headquarters
and the corresponding R5 Plans and Operations Team. The HR Company HQ provides all command and
control to the attached R5 platoons. The R5 Platoon relies on secure and non-secure, continuous, and
R5 PERSONNEL ACCOUNTING TEAM

3-122. The R5 Personnel Accounting Team provides personnel accounting and personnel movement
coordination support including accurate personnel accountability of transient personnel and coordination of
movement for reception, replacements, returns-to-duty, R&R, and redeployment personnel entering,
transiting, or exiting the Army/ASCC theater APOD/APOE and at those major intra-theater APOD/APOE
with daily passenger flow sufficient to merit the R5 platoon support (passenger flow of 600-1200 per day).
RESPONSIBILITIES
3-123. R5 Personnel Accounting Team responsibilities include:
Ensure personnel accounting of all personnel that enter/depart the theater.
Capture personnel accounting of those personnel transiting the theater, if located at intra-theater
APOD/APOE.
Process Soldiers transiting theater at TG R5 Center.
EMPLOYMENT
3-124. Deploys as an element of an R5 Platoon to provide reception (individual and unit), replacement,
R&R, return-to-duty, and redeployment passenger tracking and accountability for 600 personnel a day
moving in or out of an assigned area or theater of operations. Requires capability to communicate digitally
and voice, secure and non-secure, to R5 platoon headquarters, R5 Plans and Operations Team of the HR
Company, and G-1/S-1 Sections of units in the assigned area if providing support at a small intra-theater
APOD/APOE.
3-125. The general functions include personnel accounting, administrative processing, and coordination
of logistical support of transient personnel. The team is capable of operating in a joint or multinational
environment. This modular, scalable and flexible structure allows the commander to support the large
population flow for port operations with numerous teams organized into platoons and HR-R5 companies,
but also support the small, but essential mission of managing sustainment missions such as R&R at the
Corps/Division level with one team or a platoon as necessary at an intra-theater APOD/APOE.
ORGANIZATION
3-126. The R5 Personnel Accounting Team is a workload-based organization that provides reception
(individual and unit), replacement, R&R, return-to-duty, and redeployment tracking and accountability for
600 personnel a day. R5 Personnel Accounting Team is comprised of 6 personnel led by a Staff Sergeant.
The team provides immediate processing, accountability and coordination for logistical support to
individuals and units arriving to and departing from the area of operations.
3-34 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

Figure 3-16. R5 Personnel Accounting Team Organizational Architecture
SUPPORT
3-127. R5 Personnel Accounting Teams rely on their platoon headquarters for all guidance. When
necessary due to geographical dispersion, R5 Personnel Accounting Teams can use the HR Ops cell to
assist in coordination and communication with the platoon headquarters or other necessary elements
3-128. The R5 Personnel Accounting Team receives all guidance and command and control from the R5
platoon headquarters. All transportation coordination support comes from the R5 platoon headquarters, and
if operating separately, a supporting MCT. When geographically dispersed without a platoon headquarters
to support a population under 600 personnel a day, the R5 team will rely on the HR Ops Cell in the
supported Sustainment BRIGADE or the DIV/Corps G-1 for assistance in coordinating with the R5
platoon headquarters or other necessary elements. The R5 Personnel Accounting Team relies on secure and
non-secure, continuous, and survivable communications and digital information systems.
CASUALTY PLATOON HEADQUARTERS

3-129. The Casualty Platoon Headquarters provides command and control to between three and six
Casualty Liaison Teams.
RESPONSIBILITIES
3-130. The Casualty Platoon Headquarters responsibilities include:
Supervise and control the platoon.
Provide training and readiness oversight of attached/assigned Casualty Liaison Teams.
Coordinate with HR Company headquarters.
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 3-35

Chapter 3
Be prepared to augment the HRSC Casualty Operations Division during theater CAC
operations.
Ensure geographically separated CLTs receive required operational and life support.
EMPLOYMENT
3-131. Deploys and provides command and control to Casualty Liaison Teams. Requires 100% mobility
of the platoon headquarters. Requires capability to communicate digitally and voice, secure and non-
secure, to CLTs, HR Company headquarters, Sustainment Brigade SPO HR Operations Cells, Army/ASCC
G-1 Casualty Operations Division, logistical support elements and organizations where CLTs are attached.
The Casualty Platoon HQ is an existence-based command and control organization employed in support of
three to six Casualty Liaison Teams (CLTs) and will be attached to the Casualty Operations Division of the
HRSC. This employment allows the command and control element to align with the technical element to
better support the CLTs and Army/ASCC Commander with accurate and timely casualty information
collection. The Casualty Platoon leader still relies on the HR Company for administrative guidance, but
due to geographic dispersion, relies on the unit supporting the CLT for daily life support.
ORGANIZATION
3-132. The Casualty Platoon HQ provides leadership, training assistance and administrative support to
geographically separate CLTs. The casualty platoon receives all administrative guidance through the HR
Company headquarters and functions as part of the Casualty Area Command (based on the Casualty
Operations Division of the HRSC) in a deployed environment. The headquarters ensures that all CLTs are
properly resourced to perform the casualty reporting tasks.
Figure 3-17. Casualty Platoon Headquarters Organizational Architecture
3-36 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

SUPPORT
3-133. The casualty platoon receives all administrative guidance through the HR Company headquarters
and functions as part of the theater Casualty Area Command (Casualty Operations Division of the HRSC)
in a deployed environment. The headquarters ensures that all CLTs are properly resourced to perform the
casualty reporting tasks. The Casualty Platoon relies on secure and non-secure, continuous, and survivable
CASUALTY LIAISON TEAM

3-134. The Casualty Liaison Team (CLT) provides accurate casualty information (reporting and tracking)
at medical facilities, mortuary affairs collection points and higher headquarters as well as facilitate real-
time casualty information for commanders. Assist in management of casualty operations as needed based
on location.
RESPONSIBILITIES
3-135. Casualty Liaison Teams primary function is:
Ensure accurate and timely casualty reporting to the theater Casualty Area Command (Casualty
Operations Division of the HRSC in support of the Army/ASCC G-1).
Assist commanders in keeping accurate casualty statistics throughout the course of an operation.
EMPLOYMENT
3-136. Deploys and establishes Casualty Liaison Teams at Combat Support Hospitals (CSH) and half
CSHs when they are doctrinally split over two locations, Mortuary Affairs Collection Points (at the MA
Company-level), as well as Division/Corps G-1 and HRSC Casualty Operations Division to obtain and
provide accurate and timely casualty information and assist with casualty operations management as
necessary. Requires capability to communicate digitally and voice, secure and non-secure, to theater CAC
(Casualty Operations division of the HRSC), Casualty platoon headquarters and S-1/G-1 Sections of units
in the assigned area.
ORGANIZATION
3-137. The Casualty Liaison Teams is employed to provide casualty reporting support to CSHs, Mortuary
Affairs Collection Points, Division/Corps headquarters and the HRSC Casualty Operations Division. A
CLT and the Casualty Platoon headquarters are collocated with the Casualty Operations Division at the
HRSC. The HRSC Casualty Operations Division provides technical and administrative guidance to the
CLTs. CLTs are OPCONd to the HRSC Casualty Operations Division during deployed wartime
operations.
3-138. The CLTs primary function is to ensure timely casualty reporting to the Army/ASCC G-1 and
HRSC and, ultimately, HRC CMAOC. They also assist commanders in keeping accurate casualty statistics
throughout the course of an operation. When necessary, based on a split mission, the CLT is capable of
splitting to support smaller more forward locations such as a mortuary affairs collection point smaller than
an MA Company theater MA collection point.
3-139. CLTs not only provide accurate casualty information, but they also act as a liaison for each
affected commander. The CLT provides updated status reports to the affected unit and informs the unit if
the Soldier leaves the Theater. The CLTs assist with coordinating a Soldiers return to duty with the unit
and/or an R5 unit. The CLT acts as an administrative liaison for the injured Soldier ensuring he or she has
access to necessary services such as military pay, MWR, or any HR related service.
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 3-37

Chapter 3
Figure 3-18. Casualty Liaison Team Organizational Architecture
SUPPORT
3-140. CLTs receive technical guidance from the Casualty Operations Division of HRSC. When attached
to a CSH, Mortuary Affairs Collection Point, Division/Corps G-1 or HRSC, the CLT relies on that
organization for life support. The Casualty Platoon headquarters provides assistance with any
administrative issue and technical guidance. The CLTs rely on the units they are attached to for daily life
support. The CLT relies on secure and non-secure, continuous, and survivable communications and digital
information systems.
HUMAN RESOURCES OPERATIONS CELL

3-141. The Human Resources Operations Cell (HROC) plans, coordinates, integrates and manages HR
support within the Sustainment Brigade/Expeditionary Sustainment Command (ESC) area of operations.
The HROC is an element of the Support Operations Section (SPO) in the Sustainment Brigade and the
SPO of the ESC, and provides the HR technical guidance for those two organizations.
RESPONSIBILITIES
3-142. The HROC conducts the full spectrum planning and staff management needed to synchronize HR
support organizations that are assigned or supported within the Sustainment Brigades area of
responsibility. The HROC receives technical and support guidance from the ASCC/Division/Corps G-1 for
establishment of priorities and concept of support. The HROC has the following responsibilities:
Receive the HR mission support requirements for attached/assigned HR units
Receive HR requirements from supported G-1s and S-1s
3-38 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

Conduct mission analysis to determine concept of support

Determine best course of action to support mission requirements
Coordinate, integrate and synchronize HR support for supported units within the Sustainment
Brigade AO
Plan, coordinate, and synchronize HR support during MSO/SRO operations
Synchronize the Sustainment Brigade HR network
Collect, correlate, analyze, and report HR support information to the Sustainment Brigade
commander
Plan and coordinate the location and resourcing of HR units
Establish and manage HR support for theater opening operations (if in a Sustainment Brigade
with theater opening mission)
Plan and coordinate deployment and redeployment HR support
Maintain liaison, coordinate, and synchronize TG R5 and MMT operations if these
organizations are attached to Sustainment Brigade
Assist HR units in securing resources to accomplish their mission
Assist the Army/ASCC/Division/Corps G-1 and HRSC in providing HR technical training and
support to supported units
Ensure adequate numbers of HR units are available to support HR missions and functions
Assist and support the personnel portion of reconstitution efforts
Provide the Sustainment Brigade commander the forecast for HR support requirements
Coordinate with the HRSC PASR/PRM/IM Division for the establishment of a PASR database
for initial entry (if part of theater opening) operations
Coordinate communications support for HR operations with Sustainment Brigade S-6/ESC G-6
and CSSAMO
Collect and correlate critical personnel readiness information
Provide technical assistance to HR units
Coordinate CLT operations within Sustainment Brigade/ESC AO ensure supported units
provide required life support
EMPLOYMENT
3-143. The HROC operates in accordance with METT-TC analysis. Location on the battlefield must
allow for full voice and data connectivity (Secure /Non-secure) in order to provide HR Support,
synchronize personnel management activities, manage current and plan future operations.
3-144. The HROC organizes the section to execute the responsibilities listed above. And will normally
organize personnel functionally (assign specific personnel to an area of responsibility), then cross train
within the section for continuity and consistency.
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 3-39

Chapter 3
Figure 3-19. Human Resources Operations Cell Architecture
ARMY BANDS
3-145. For the employment, organization, and support requirements of bands see FM 1-19 (FM 12-50)
U.S. Army Bands. Army Bands provide music throughout the entire area of operations, instill in our
soldiers the will to fight and win, foster the support of our citizens, and promote our national interests at
home and abroad. The modular organization of Army Bands allows subordinate Music Support Teams to
operate concurrently in more than one location. Army Bands or individual Music Support Teams may be
deployed with Army commands, Army/ASCC HQ, Corps HQ, Division HQ, or installation/activity and
will normally operate from the Main or Rear Command Post. See Appendix J.
RESPONSIBILITIES
3-146. Army Band responsibilities include the following:
Provide troop entertainment music support.
Provide music for ceremonies.
Provide music to support protocol functions.
EMPLOYMENT
3-147. Army Band Music Support Teams deploy separately or in combination to provide music support
across the full range of military operations. Each band is capable of deploying Music Support Teams for
3-40 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

split-based operations and of combining teams to provide additional capabilities by forming larger musical
formations.
ORGANIZATIONS
3-148. Organizational structure is dependent on the type of band and the organization supported. The four
types of bands are the Special Band, Army Band (Large), Army Band (Medium), and Army Band (Small).
Each band has different or additional capabilities based on its TOE or the number and types of Music
Support Teams.
3-149. The Army Band (Small) is allocated to Division HQ, and to selected Training Centers, major
Army commands or activities. It is designed to provide ceremonial music support, protocol music support,
and troop entertainment music support. This organization can be task organized independently or
collectively. The unit is structured into a Band Headquarters and four Music Support Teams. The Music
Support Teams must be combined to support ceremonial functions.
Figure 3-20. Army Band (Small)
3-150. The Army Band (Medium) is allocated to selected Corps HQ and selected major Army commands
or activities. It is designed to provide ceremonial music support, protocol music support, and troop
entertainment music support. The organization can be task organized independently or collectively. The
unit is organized into a Band Headquarters and eight Music Support Teams. The Music Support Teams
must be combined to support ceremonial functions.
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 3-41

Chapter 3
Figure 3-21. Army Band (Medium)
3-151. The Army Band (Large) is allocated to select Army Commands or activities. It is designed to
provide ceremonial music support, protocol music support, and troop entertainment music support. This
organization can be task organized independently or collectively. The unit is structured into a Band
Headquarters and eight Music Support Teams. The Music Support Teams must be combined to support
ceremonial functions.
3-42 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

Figure 3-22. Army Band (Large)
SUPPORT
3-152. Army Bands have limited provisions for transporting personnel and equipment. Army bands are
dependent on other organizations to provide life support. The Army Band relies on secure, robust, and
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 3-43

*FM 1-0 (FM 12-6)
Chapter 4
Brigade/BCT S-1 Section Operations
The Brigade/BCT S-1 is the principle coordinating staff officer responsible for the
delivery of HR Support for the Brigade/BCT. The S-1 is responsible for the execution
of all of the HR core competencies within the Brigade/BCT, which include:
Personnel Readiness Management (PRM), Personnel Accounting and Strength
Reporting (PASR), Personnel Information Management (PIM), R5 (Reception,
Replacement, RTD, R&R, Redeployment) Operations, Casualty Operations, Essential
Personnel Services (EPS), HR Planning and Operations, Postal Operations, and
MWR Operations. HR Transformation has resourced the Brigade/BCT S-1 section to
execute the core competencies with the assistance of enhanced Battalion S-1 sections
and limited theater-level HR organizations for postal, R5, and casualty operations
support.
ORGANIZATION
4-1. The Brigade/BCT S-1 Section consists of thirteen personnel that are aligned in three teams: a
headquarters team, a personnel readiness team, and a HR services team. The S-1 Section is led by an FA43
(AOC 42H) Major and has a CW2 HR Technician and a Master Sergeant NCOIC. The experience and
technical competence of these three critical HR professionals determines the success of the decentralized
HR Support provided under the PSDR transformation.
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 4-1

Chapter 4
Figure 4-1. Brigade/BCT S-1 Section Organizational Structure
SPLIT SECTION OPERATIONS

4-2. The Brigade/BCT S-1 section normally operates as an element of the Sustainment Cell in the
Brigade Main Command Post. During operations conducted from a Forward Operating Base (FOB), when
the Brigade Support Battalion (BSB) is located with the remainder of the Brigade/BCT, the S-1 section will
remain together and will maintain voice and data links to the BSB for the execution of some HR tasks.
When the BSB is operating separate from the Brigade/BCT Main Command Post, elements of the S-1
section will collocate with the BSB Command Post to facilitate EPS, postal operations, R5 operations and
casualty operations. Normally when the S-1 section separates, the HR Services Team will move to the BSB
Command Post with either the HR Technician or the Senior HR NCO leading the split section. The
majority of PRM and PASR actions will be performed at the Brigade/BCT Main Command Post, while the
majority of EPS, Postal, and R5 functions will be performed in the BSA. Casualty operations will be
conducted at both locations. Each Brigade/BCT S-1 section has redundant transportation, so splitting the
section is feasible. It is critical that the split section maintains tactical voice, NIPR, and SIPR data
connectivity with the remainder of the S-1 section at the Brigade/BCT Main Command Post and the
Battalion S-1 sections.
POSITIONING CRITERIA
4-3. The success of Brigade/BCT S-1 Sections depends on the availability of both secure and non-secure
data systems and secure and non-secure voice systems, and requires close coordination with the
Brigade/BCT S-6. HR systems require, for the most part, NIPR connectivity with bandwidth sufficient to
facilitate web-based applications. The introduction of DTAS as the theater deployed database imposes a
4-2 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

daily SIPR requirement for all Battalion and Brigade/BCT S-1 Sections. S-1 Sections must consider these
requirements when planning tactical positioning.
Figure 4-2. Brigade/BCT S-1 Section Connectivity and Positioning
CONNECTIVITY
4-4. Connectivity is essential for the success of S-1 operations in the tactical environment. S-1 sections
must have access to continuous tactical voice, NIPR and SIPR data systems to perform core competencies.
S-1s must ensure that sections are positioned in proximity of this connectivity. The majority of HR systems
operate on NIPR data networks. S-1 sections gain NIPR connectivity through the Connect the Logistician
VSAT/CAISI system. All BCT S-1 sections are equipped with VSAT terminals and CAISI bridge modules
which allow the creation of a satellite-based NIPR feed at all times. Battalion S-1 sections have CAISI
client modules which can tie into either the BCT S-1 VSAT or the VSAT terminal found in the Forward
Support Company (FSC) supporting the Battalion. CAISI devices must be positioned within 3-5 km of the
supporting VSAT to allow the wireless technology to properly function. NIPR connectivity is critical in
enabling S-1 sections to perform routine actions with HRC on a daily basis while deployed. SIPR
connectivity is available through JNN nodes found supporting Brigade/BCTs and Battalions. S-1 sections
must position a portion of its element in the vicinity of the JNN to utilize the SIPR connectivity provided to
perform daily DTAS inputs. S-1s must coordinate with Brigade/BCT and Battalion S-6s for this daily
access. Tactical voice connectivity is critical for reporting, especially for casualty reporting. ABCS systems
such as BCS3, FBCB2, and BFT allow the S-1 section to maintain the COP and ensure HR operations
support the tactical plan. These enablers also allow the S-1 to proactively react to the changing operational
situation. FBCB2 and BFT also allow the S-1 Section to remain connected to SIPR-data without requiring
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 4-3

Chapter 4
the hard-wired connectivity to a JNN node. Secure data can be passed from one portion of the split S-1
Section to another via FBCB2, BFT, BCS3 and then be inputted into standard SIPR data networks.
HR CORE COMPETENCIES IN S-1 OPERATIONS

MANNING
4-5. The Brigade/BCT S-1 section performs the manning function through the core competencies of
PRM, PASR, PIM and R5 operations. PASR is one of the two critical core competencies performed by the
S-1 section during wartime operations. The key enabling systems for manning are Electronic Military
Personnel Office (eMILPO), Enlisted Distribution and Assignment System (EDAS), Total Officer
Personnel Management Information System (TOPMIS), Common Operating Picture Synchronizer (COPS),
and Tactical Personnel System/Deployed Theater Accountability System (TPS/DTAS). DTAS is the
deployed personnel database and is a SIPR-based system which requires daily inputs from the Battalion S
1 sections which include Soldier status and daily location.
Personnel Readiness Management (PRM)

4-6. PRM is the process of distributing Soldiers based on documented requirements, authorizations, and
predictive analysis to support Commanders priorities. Strength management is an element of PRM.
Replacement operations as described in FM 12-6 are an element of PRM. The Personnel Readiness Team
of the Brigade/BCT S-1 section is primarily responsible for this process. The S-1 section analyzes on-hand
personnel strengths against documented authorizations to determine shortages. The shortages are reported
to the G-1 and also to Human Resources Command (HRC) through the use of automated systems and the
USR process. HRC fills valid requirements direct to the Brigade/BCT based on the prioritization of fill
provided by the Army G-1 Readiness Officer. The art of PRM includes predictive analysis that assesses
operational conditions to predict shortages through casualties and other conditions (rate of RTD flow, non-
deployable rates, projected gains and losses, etc). This predictive analysis must be included in the data
provided to HRC to ensure strength managers at the top of the system have full visibility of wartime
requirements. Additionally distribution managers at the HRC perform similar predictive actions and force
feed (push) replacements to deployed Brigade/BCTs. The Brigade/BCT S-1 will serve as the principle
strength manager for the Brigade/BCT, and will use the Personnel Readiness Team to execute that task.
The Brigade/BCT will receive a Distribution Management Sub-Level (DMSL) to facilitate the management
of strength directly from HRC to the Brigade/BCT. The Brigade/BCT S-1 is responsible for making the
allocation decisions within the Brigade/BCT to fill documented shortages based on the priority of fill
determined by the Commander. The Brigade/BCT S-1 and S-3 make priority recommendations to the
Commander. PRM is a continuous process which is the end state of the Personnel Estimate, which is
prepared and maintained by the Brigade/BCT S-1. Key enablers are eMILPO, EDAS, TOPMIS, COPS,
SIDPERS 2.75 (ARNG), Regional Level Application Software (RLAS) (USAR), and when fielded,
DIMHRS.
Personnel Accounting and Strength Reporting (PASR)

4-7. PASR is the process used to provide personnel strength information critical to Commanders and HR
providers and the PRM system. The accuracy of PASR data directly impacts all elements of the
Sustainment Wartime Function. Personnel Accounting is the process of recording by-name data on
Soldiers when they arrive, depart, change duty location, or change duty status. Company 1SGs and
Battalion S-1 sections are critical participants in this process. S-1s must be very sensitive to the accuracy
and timeliness of all personnel accounting reports, and must pay special attention to Soldiers who have
changed status in the medical treatment process and to task organize changes effecting assigned and
attached units.. Timely data input through eMILPO, DTAS and other PASR systems is the mechanism for
reporting shortages, placing the burden on S-1 sections to provide the inputs the system requires. Strength
Reporting is the numerical end product of the by-name accounting process. All companies, Battalions and
Brigade/BCTs conduct strength reporting daily in accordance with unit SOPs. While deployed, FBCB2 and
TPS/DTAS are the primary tools to report the data and process it into the required PERSTAT (or
4-4 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

JPERSTAT) form for reporting to higher headquarters. Normally during deployed or wartime operations,
strength data is rolled up from the company to the theater-level daily. Company-level accuracy is the key to
an accurate theater strength report. Changing task organizations are of critical concern to S-1s, as they
impact the strength reporting process. The most common mistake made in this process is double counting
resulting from task organization changes. Task organization changes occur regularly and are generally
described in Operations Orders (OPORDs) and Fragmentary Orders (FRAGOs), and require the S-1
section to be constantly linked to the Brigade/BCT S-3 section. Key enablers are eMILPO, FBCB2, BCS3,
TPS/DTAS.
Personnel Information Management (PIM)

4-8. PIM is collecting, processing, storing, displaying, and disseminating critical Soldier information.
PIM includes both manual and digital processes which record and transfer Soldier data. It supports the
execution of all other core competencies. As part of HR transformation, access to the majority of digital
PIM systems has been pushed to the Brigade/BCT and Battalion S-1 sections. The maintenance of the local
(paper) Military Personnel File (MPF) for each Soldier has also been migrated to the Brigade/BCT S-1,
who will retain that responsibility until the approval of a digital signature mechanism for the DD93 and
SGLV forms mitigate the requirement for paper records. Brigade/BCT S-1s must maintain 100%
accountability of the units MPF records in order to execute effective and timely casualty notification. S-1s
now have the resources required to maintain and update Soldier data to ensure greater timeliness and
accuracy in processing changes. For example, S-1 sections now directly update records through ORB/ERB
updates. SRP files created prior to deployment are an element of PIM. Effective PIM is critical to enable
timely PRM which maintains unit personnel combat power. All HR IT systems are key enablers for PIM.
The 420A and 42Fs assigned to the Brigade/BCT S-1 section are the primary managers of PIM in the
Brigade/BCT and all assigned and attached Battalions. The Brigade/BCT S-1 Personnel Readiness Team
will assume the Personnel Automation Section (PAS) responsibilities previously performed by the PSB or
installation PAS for the Brigade/BCT. The Brigade/BCT HR Technician (420A) and the two 42F
personnel are the principle members of the PAS.
RECEPTION, REPLACEMENT, RETURN TO DUTY, REST AND RECUPERATION, AND

REDEPLOYMENT (R5)
4-9. R5 operations include planning, preparing, assessing, and executing the movement and tracking of
Soldiers from designated points of origin to final destinations, and to coordinate life support as required
during the movement process. The majority of R5 operations are executed at the theater or Army/ASCC
level by Theater Gateway (TG) R5 Teams and HR Companies with R5 platoons. TG R5 Teams and HR
Companies will execute the major inter-theater and intra-theater APOD R5 operations. Within the
Brigade/BCT, R5 operations consist of monitoring the flow of the 5 categories of Soldiers into and out of
the Brigade/BCT AO. PRM will establish replacement requirements based on shortages of assigned
personnel against authorizations, and HRC will place corresponding Soldiers of the correct MOS and grade
on orders to the Brigade/BCT and subordinate Battalions. R5 will track them as they flow into the
Brigade/BCT area, normally at the BSA. When the Personnel Services Team of the S-1 section is split and
is operating at the BSB CP, they will execute R5 tasks at the BSA and coordinate the onward movement of
Soldiers flowing into the Brigade/BCT through the BSA to the Battalions. If the S-1 section has no
elements in the BSA, the BSB S-1 section may assume R5 duties in support of the Brigade/BCT at that
location. The Brigade/BCT S-1 will generally determine R&R allocations for subordinate Battalions, based
on guidance from the higher headquarters G-1. The Brigade/BCT S-1 section may have to operate a small
R5 operation to facilitate the movement of Brigade/BCT Soldiers to the intra-theater APOD without losing
personnel accountability. Generally, Brigade/BCT S-1 sections will perform R5 operations for daily flow
rates less than 300 Soldiers per day. APOE/APOD operations of this magnitude will be supported by a
Movement Control Team (MCT). The most critical R5 task is the constant updating of the DTAS database
as Soldiers move through the R5 process. DTAS allows near real-time visibility of Soldier movement. R5
operations allow for Soldier visibility as they move within the theater and records when they leave the
theater. The flow of replacements impacts the manning function of HR.
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 4-5

Chapter 4
HR SERVICES
4-10. The Brigade/BCT S-1 section provides HR services through executing the core competencies of EPS
and casualty operations. HR transformation migrates all Soldier EPS support to the Brigade/BCT and
Battalion S-1 sections and flattens the process by linking those sections directly to HRC. Casualty
operations is the second critical wartime core competency performed by S-1 sections. Casualty reporting
MUST be performed as a zero-defects operation. Timeliness and accuracy are critical to ensure proper
notification of NOK and the tracking of injured and wounded Soldiers in the medical treatment system.
Enabling HR services systems are eMILPO, DCIPS-FWD, JPTA, DEERS-Rapid (CAC), and iPERMS (for
electronically filing records).
ESSENTIAL PERSONNEL SERVICES

4-11. The Brigade/BCT and Battalion S-1 sections perform EPS to provide timely and accurate personnel
services that efficiently update Soldier status, readiness, and quality of life and allow Army leadership to
effectively manage the force. EPS includes processing awards and decorations, evaluations, transfers,
leaves and passes, managing promotions (to include semi-centralized NCO promotions), and personnel
actions (requests for special training or reclassification), creating identification cards and tags, and
processing LODs and MMRBs for the Soldiers assigned and attached to the Brigade/BCT. EPS has both
manual and automated elements. The decentralized execution of EPS places a greater burden on the S-1
section but also makes Soldier support much more responsive and timely. Brigade/BCT S-1 sections are
equipped with deployable DEERS-Rapid technology to produce CAC cards at both home station and
deployed. Additionally, Brigade/BCT and Battalion S-1 sections are equipped with digital senders to
expedite the processing of manual actions and integration of approved orders into a Soldiers permanent
MPF. Digital senders and emerging technology allow the S-1 section to maintain a real-time link to
PERNET/iPERMS, so that S-1 sections have the capability to update permanent records for Soldiers. With
the iPERMS interface, S-1 sections will have the capability to input supporting documentation for Soldiers
and then seeing the documentation in the Soldiers official MPF at the top of the system.
CASUALTY OPERATIONS
4-12. Brigade/BCT and Battalion S-1 sections are critical elements in the theater casualty operations
network. The single most important S-1 function in casualty operations is ensuring the timely and accurate
reporting of all casualties in the required format to ensure the accurate and expeditious notification of NOK
and management of changes in Soldier status. Additionally, commanders demand effective tracking of
Soldiers in the medical treatment process, especially when Soldiers are evacuated from the theater. S-1s
should expect to participate in the tracking of evacuated Soldiers a process which often involves personal
involvement to locate Soldiers and monitor their status. The emerging Joint Patient Tracking Application
(JPTA) and its interface with eMILPO and DTAS, provides a very effective tool for S-1s to better provide
Soldier location data to Commanders. Casualty reporting is a critical S-1 task.
4-13. Casualty reporting starts at the point of injury with the preparation of the DA form 1156 (Casualty
Feeder Card). Data required to properly prepare this form is transmitted to the Company headquarters and
subsequently to the Battalion S-1 section by the most expedient means available, either messenger, voice
(FM or in some cases TACSAT), or data (free text FBCB2, BFT or EPLARS). The Battalion S-1 receives
the data, verifies the data using unit Soldier Readiness Processing (SRP) folders, and forwards the data to
the Brigade/BCT S-1 section on the DA form 1156. The Brigade/BCT S-1 section prepares the DCIPS-
Fwd text casualty report. Brigade/BCT S-1 sections ensure the DCIPS-Fwd reports are accurate and
complete and forward to the higher HQs G-1. It is possible that a Casualty Liaison Team will initiate an
initial DCIPS-Fwd report prior to the S-1 verifying data. The S-1 must still verify casualty information.
Ultimately, all casualty reports are processed at the Theater CAC (formed from the HRSC Casualty
Operations Division) and are forwarded to the Casualty and Memorial Affairs Operations Center
(CMAOC) at HRC. DCIPS-Fwd reports prepared by Brigade/BCT S-1 sections are reviewed by several
levels of command, but they are the basis for the report submitted to Army leadership. Accuracy and
timeliness are CRITICAL. The Brigade/BCT S-1 section may place an ad hoc Casualty Liaison Team
(CLT) in the Brigade Medical Support Company (BMSC) Medical Treatment Facility (MTF) in the BSA
4-6 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

to ensure proper reporting of casualties received at that location. This team is normally taken from the
Personnel Services Tm of the Brigade/BCT S-1 section and can be augmented by members of Battalion S
1 sections, as required. Supporting HR Companies locate CLTs at all Combat Support Hospitals (CSH) and
with the Division G-1, as directed by the HRSC Casualty Operations Division. DCIPS-Fwd is the official
means of casualty reporting and is intended to be a NIPR-based system, although currently, OIF is using
SIPR to transmit DCIPS-FWD casualty reports.
4-14. Casualty tracking will take place as Brigade/BCT Soldiers flow through the medical treatment
system and the graves registration system. Brigade/BCT S-1 sections must monitor DCIPS-Fwd traffic for
updates on evacuated Soldiers and remains and must be prepared to perform required eMILPO transactions
as status changes. JPTA will facilitate the tracking process. S-1s will be required to call medical treatment
facilities for information in some cases. Ensure tactical phone numbers are disseminated for all supporting
medical treatment facilities. Higher headquarters G-1s will have this information for CLTs located at CSHs
and their equivalent USAF and USN hospitals in the theater. Brigade/BCT Commanders will require S-1
sections to know the whereabouts of all evacuated Soldiers and remains. S-1s coordinate with the
Brigade/BCT S-4 to track the movement of remains.
4-15. Additional S-1 responsibilities include ensuring all casualty notification documentation is always
updated and accurate and properly filed in both the local MPFR and SRP packets. eMILPO is the means
for preparing DD93 and SGLV documents located in the local MPF and the SRP packet. These documents
are the source of NOK data and are the responsibility of the Brigade/BCT and Battalion S-1s. S-1s will
track the NOK notification process through DCIPS-Fwd traffic. S-1s must emphasize the requirement to
allow official NOK notification to take place before any information is provided to family members
through unofficial voice or data means. Unofficial notification is detrimental to the NOK and may not be as
accurate as required. The S-1 will normally prepare letters of condolence for Commanders and will ensure
that award of Purple Hearts, any other posthumous award and any posthumous promotions are properly
prepared and executed. It is the intent of Army leadership that all possible posthumous awards are
presented by the Senior Army official present not later than funeral services for the deceased Soldier. S-1s
may be required to appoint Summary Court officers for handling personal effects and LOD investigating
officers, and to return mail delivered to casualties.
PERSONNEL SUPPORT
4-16. The Brigade/BCT S-1 performs the personnel support function by executing the postal operations
and MWR core competencies, as required.
POSTAL OPERATIONS
4-17. The Brigade/BCT S-1 is responsible to develop and coordinate the postal operations plan and to
coordinate for required support from HR Company postal platoons as required for postal finance and
outgoing mail support for the Soldiers of the Brigade/BCT. The Brigade/BCT S-1 coordinates external
postal support with the HR Operations Cell of the Sustainment Brigade SPO. Normally, Soldier mail will
arrive at the BSA already sorted by unit. 4-digit zip code extensions make unit sorting easier, but may not
always be available. S-1s will establish Unit Mail Rooms (UMR) as required and will ensure that adequate
unit mail clerks are trained and on orders. S-1s will ensure that the Brigade/BCT S-1 and G-1 receive daily
updates for Mail Delivery Points (MDP) for subordinate units and that all changes to task organization are
provided to supporting APOs. S-1s will coordinate with the Brigade/BCT S-6 for the processing of official
mail. S-1s will ensure that Soldiers have the opportunity to send mail out of theater as often as the tactical
situation allows. Brigade/BCTs may receive an augmentation of a postal platoon in the BSA if the bulk of
the projected flow of mail warrants it or if the FOB has a density approaching 6000 Soldiers. The postal
platoon is supported by the BSB.
MWR OPERATIONS
4-18. Brigade/BCT and Battalion S-1s plan, coordinate and integrate MWR activities for their units. MWR
programs are found at all echelons on the battlefield and requirements are based on the combat
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 4-7

Chapter 4
environment and the availability of resources. MWR activities include athletics and recreation programs,
AAFES Imprest Fund Activities (AIFA) which provide mobile AAFES facilities for Soldiers, local R&R
facilities, coordination for MWR athletic kits, book kits and health and comfort packs (HCPs) through the
S-4. MWR phone and data facilities may be available during sustainment operations that may be controlled
by the S-1. Any MWR activity or resource which may temporarily ease a Soldiers deployed burden is of
benefit.
HR PLANNING AND OPERATIONS

4-19. HR Planning and Operations is the core competency which impacts all others as it is the process
which Brigade/BCT S-1 sections use to prepare to perform other core competencies in garrison or
deployed. HR Planning and Operations is the means by which the S-1 envisions a desired HR end state in
support of the Brigade/BCT Commanders mission requirements; determines effective ways of achieving
it; and communicates to subordinate S-1s and supporting HR unit leaders the intent, expected requirements,
and outcomes desired to provide the support in the form of an OPLAN, OPORD or Annex (Planning); and
the process of tracking current and near-term (future) execution of the planned HR support to ensure
effective support to the operational commander.
4-20. First and foremost, effective HR Planning and Operations at the Brigade/BCT-level depend on a
detailed knowledge of the Armys Military Decision Making Process (MDMP) in order to perform
planning processes and also a current and detailed understanding of the operational Common Operating
Picture (COP). S-1s must closely monitor the COP to better plan for and react to operational requirements
requiring HR inputs or which impact HR core competencies.
4-21. HR planning is a continuous process which is an integral element of the Brigade/BCT planning
process. The S-1, as a coordinating staff officer, must be fully integrated in Brigade/BCT planning process.
The principle product prepared by the S-1 and utilized during the MDMP process is the Personnel
Estimate. The S-1 also uses casualty estimation tools to ensure predictive casualty data is available to
planners during the Brigade/BCT planning process.
4-22. Brigade/BCT S-1s receive planning data from many sources. Higher headquarters G-1 guidance,
OPLANs, OPORDs, and published guidance is generally the first source. S-1s also find important
information in the Army G-1 Personnel Policy Guidance, and the theater Personnel Planning Guidance
(PPG) published by either the Army/ASCC G-1 or the Combatant Commander J-1. The remainder of the
Brigade/BCT Coordinating staff also provides useful information to the S-1.
4-23. Key HR planning information includes:
Operational task organization.
Projected changes to task organization during conduct of the operation by phase.
Updated unit strength data.
Projected unit strength data during the operation.
Updated loss projections (casualty estimates).
Key MOS shortages and loss predictions.
Replacement policies and flow.
Theater evacuation policy.
Manning priorities (Priority of fill).
Crew/key leader reconstitution planning.
Casualty reporting scheme.
Location of medical facilities and evacuation assets.
Location of CLTs.
Postal flow rates and the location of supporting postal units.
R&R policy and projections during the operation.
PASR reporting means during the operation and timings.
Wartime theater awards policy (as impacted by task organization).
4-8 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

Location of supporting HR organizations.

Location of subordinate S-1 sections.
Location of higher headquarters G-1 section.

Location and amount of secure/non-secure connectivity and bandwidth.
4-24. The S-1 is an active participant in the Brigade/BCT planning process. HR impacts are projected
during the development and analysis of courses of action, and the S-1 must ensure that the S-3 understands
which COAs are likely to have the best and least preferred HR impact. The S-1 participates in the
wargaming process and indicates likely casualty rates resulting from different phases of an operation and
integrates that data with the Brigade/BCT Surgeon to ensure proactive medical evacuation is planned. In
some cases, the S-1 may represent the Surgeon and develop/discuss the medical treatment and evacuation
plan during the MDMP. The S-1 prepares and Annex to the Brigade/BCT OPORD to provide instructions
to subordinate S-1 sections and supporting HR units. It is critical during the planning process that the
Brigade/BCT S-1 keep the Sustainment Brigade SPO HR Operations Cell informed of projected HR
support required from the supporting Sustainment Brigade.
4-25. The Brigade/BCT S-1 participates in the tracking and management of current and future tactical
operations. Awareness of the COP and predictive analysis of HR impacts are the responsibility of the S-1.
For example, the COP will indicate when casualties are suffered which indicates to the S-1 that casualty
reporting is required. S-1 HR operations processes should develop SOPs to address recurring requirements
resulting from operational actions. The Brigade/BCT S-1 TACSOP should be fully developed and shared
with subordinate S-1 sections to ensure timely compliance.
4-26. Brigade/BCT S-1 sections must be equipped with all relevant COP systems used in the unit. ABCS,
FBCB2, BFT, EPLARS and MCS are several of the systems currently being used in various organizations.
Often, the Brigade/BCT S-1 and S-4 share COP assets.
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 4-9

*FM 1-0 (FM 12-6)
Chapter 5
Human Resources Support of Force Projection Operations
HR personnel are deployed to support operations throughout the world. This chapter
summarizes the force-projection process and describes HR activities that occur
during force-projection operations. Throughout the Force Projection process, the
most critical HR function is 100% accountability of Army, civilian, contracted, and
JIM personnel. The entire force projection process, fort-to-port, is covered in FM 3
35.4 (100-17-4), 18 June 2002. The force-projection process, depicted in Figure 4-1
involves the elements summarized below.
FORCE PROJECTION PROCESS

OVERVIEW
5-1. Mobilization. Mobilization involves assembling and organizing personnel, supplies, and materiel in
preparation for war or national emergencies. It is the process through which USAR/ARNG units are
brought to a state of readiness, activated, and prepared for deployment.
5-2. Deployment. Deployment involves moving military forces and materiel from their point of origin
into an Area of Operations. These forces and equipment typically leave aerial or seaports of embarkation
(APOEs or SPOEs) and arrive in AO at aerial or seaports of debarkation (APODs or SPODs). From there,
they proceed to marshaling areas, where they are prepared and configured for later movement into staging
and tactical assembly areas (TAAs), in accordance with Reception, Staging, Onward Movement, and
Integration (RSOI).
5-3. Employment. Employment involves conducting military operations to support the objectives of the
joint-force commander. Employment encompasses a variety of operations including entry operations
(opposed or unopposed), shaping operations (lethal and non-lethal), decisive operations, and post-conflict
operations.
5-4. Redeployment. Redeployment involves re-posturing personnel and materiel to prepare for
demobilization or force reconstitution. Units that do not participate in post-conflict operations are sent to
one or more staging areas within a redeployment assembly area, then via air or sea to APODs or SPODs to
new AORs, stations, or to home station.
5-5. Sustainment. Sustainment involves providing and maintaining levels of personnel and materiel
needed to sustain an operation throughout its duration.
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 5-1

Chapter 5
FORCE PROJECTION PROCESS

1. MOBILIZATION (USAR / ARNG ONLY)
Mobilization Soldier Readiness
Station and Training
2. DEPLOYMENT
Fort/
Marshalling Staging
Mobilization APOE/SPOE APOD/SPOD TAA
Area Area
Station
3. EMPLOYMENT
Execute Post
TAA Operations Selected Conflict
Units Operations
4. SUSTAINMENT (Continuous throughout process)
Manning, Arming, Fueling, Moving, Securing, and Sustaining Soldiers and Equipment
5. REDEPLOYMENT Mobilization
Station
Post
Marshalling
Conflict RAA APOE/SPOE APOD/SPOD
Area
Operations New
Theater
Figure 5-1. Force projection process
MOBILIZATION
5-6. Mobilization may or may not occur to support military operations. The Army could mobilize
Reserve Forces in support of force projection operations, or execute a small-scale force projection
operation without using RC units. A large-scale sustained operation, in comparison, may include JIM
personnel, RC units, and individual augmentees for mobilization. Personnel requirements in support of
mobilization are discussed in detail in FM 100-17. The five phases of mobilization are depicted in Figure
4-2.
5-7. Mobilization is a five-phased process designed to be a concurrent and continuous operation rather
than a sequential process. The five phases are planning, alert, home station actions, mobilization station,
and port of embarkation operations. Specific tasks and standards are contained in FORSCOM Regulation
500-3-3
5-2 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

MOBILIZATION PHASE
1. PLANNING AND PREPARATION
Mobilization
Training MOBEX
Planning
2. ALERT
Notify Unit Prepare Coordinate w/
Members To Move Mob Station
3. HOME STATION
Execute
Home Station Advance Party Convoy * SI / CI Commo
Movement
Activation Movement Assistance Assistance Enroute
Plans
4. MOBILIZATION STATION (MS)

Access Cross-level Mission Validate Report
Update
RC Personnel & Essential Mission Available For
USR
Personnel Equipment Training Readiness Movement
5. PORT OF EMBARKATION (POE)

IAW Convoy and
Movement Commercial
Directive Movement * Support Installation; Coordinating Installation
Figure 5-2. Mobilization phase
PLANNING
5-8. The planning and preparation phase includes many of the normal day-to-day efforts of RC units at
their home stations. During this phase, HR units and sections plan, train, and prepare to accomplish
assigned mobilization missions. This includes preparing mobilization plans, conducting mobilization
training, and developing post-mobilization training plans. Units must provide unit personnel, logistics, and
training data electronically to their respective power projection and power support platforms, and then
develop plans for movement to the mobilization station. This phase ends when units receive official alert
notification.
ALERT
5-9. The alert phase includes those actions taken by units following receipt of an alert notification. Units
take specific actions to prepare for transition from reserve to active status including screening and cross
leveling of personnel. Unit commanders must contact the receiving unit commander to determine mission
requirements in order to modify the units' mission essential task list. Upon alert, unit commanders will
provide unit data files to the mobilization station effective M-date (mobilization-date). The unit should
review the mission, conduct a thorough predeployment mobilization brief, assess how the force should be
packaged for deployment, and develop deployment plans.
HOME STATION
5-10. The home station phase begins on the effective date of unit mobilization (M-Day). Actions during
this phase include the cross-leveling of personnel, SRP verification processing, inventory and loading of
unit property and dispatch of an advance party to the mobilization station. Unit Commander must adhere to
the specific tasks and standards in FORSCOM Regulation 500-3-3, and unit movement planning
requirements in FORSCOM Regulation 55-1. The units must coordinate directly with the mobilization
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 5-3

Chapter 5
station prior to departing their home stations. Units also establish and staff HR Rear Detachment cells. This
phase ends with the arrival of the units at the mobilization station. Specific HR Support functions include:
Screen and cross-level personnel.
Conduct Soldier Readiness Processing.
Prepare electronic alpha roster for mobilization station.
MOBILIZATION STATION
5-11. The mobilization station phase encompasses all actions necessary to meet deployment requirements.
Actions at the mobilization station include the processing of personnel and equipment and the actual
accession of the unit into the active structure. This phase also includes any necessary individual or
collective training as well as appropriate cross-leveling actions, Soldier readiness processing, and
validation for deployment. This phase ends with the arrival of the unit at the POE. Specific HR Support
functions include:
Conduct Soldier Readiness Processing (as needed).
Access personnel into the Active Component rolls/database.
Coordinate with gaining unit HR professional.
Prepare an initial manifest.
REAR DETACHMENT OPERATIONS CELL

5-12. All unit HR support operations continue throughout deployment. As such, the detachment HR
support element will:
Provide all essential personnel services for RD Soldiers.
Maintain personnel accountability of all non-deployed personnel.
Process newly arrived Soldiers and make arrangements to deploy as required.
Ensure Soldiers and family members receive required predeployment briefings not normally
received during initial installation inprocessing.
Maintain an FRG Leader on appointment orders.
Maintain the rear detachment personnel alert roster.
Prepare and publish assumption of RD Command orders. Produce orders for the Battalion RD
Commander to include UCMJ authority.
Collect and maintain SRP packets on non-deploying Soldiers.
Maintain OER/NCOER rating schemes for RD Soldiers.
Publish mail room hours of operation and establish procedures for accountability and receipt of
mail. Assist the FRG with mailing newsletters and flyers.
Maintain an inventory of personal property for deployed personnel and place in the Soldiers
SRP packet.
Coordinate reception of unit personnel during redeployment.
Provide support to Soldiers temporarily returned from deployment.
Coordinate between deployed HR elements, home station, and higher echelon HR support
organizations.
PORT OF EMBARKATION (POE)

5-13. This phase begins with the arrival of the unit at its POE. The POE phase includes both final
manifesting and loading of personnel and equipment, and ends with the departure of personnel and
equipment from the POE.
5-4 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

DEPLOYMENT
5-14. Successful operations involving the projection of force require tailorable and flexible HR Support.
The type and size of HR elements that deploy depend upon the nature of the operation, size of the force,
maturity of the theater, availability of in-theater assets, and host nation capabilities. Force projection may
require the development of forward support bases, intermediate staging bases, and a lodgment within the
AOR. HR Support units must demonstrate the ability to rapidly mobilize, deploy, and conduct operations
anywhere in the world across the full spectrum of operations. The deployment process is conducted in four
major phases: pre-deployment activity, movement to and activities at the POE, movement to the POD, and
RSOI. The RC mobilization process corresponds to the AC pre-deployment activities and movement to and
activities at the POE.
PREDEPLOYMENT ACTIVITIES
5-15. The predeployment activities phase takes place during normal peacetime operations. Based on
operational requirements of the supported AO, HR units are designed, equipped, and trained with force-
projection capabilities in mind. During this phase, units conduct collective deployment training to ensure
manning and materiel are sufficient to meet the combatant commander's missions. The units also revise
their movement plans to reflect the exact equipment being deployed, and conduct the necessary training to
attain the desired mission support capability. Specific HR support functions include:
Conduct Soldier Readiness Processing.
Coordinate with gaining unit HR professional.
Prepare an initial manifest.
MOVEMENT TO AND ACTIVITIES AT THE POE

5-16. Movement to the POE normally begin with the receipt of an execute order. The order, along with
any additional guidance, is forwarded to the appropriate subordinate commands, deploying units, and
installations. The movement to the POE phase involves moving units from their home installations to the
POE. Unit activities include updating automated unit equipment lists (AUELs) to deployment equipment
lists (DELs) and submitting these items to the appropriate authorities. Accordingly, units must also plan
installation departure and POE processing to ensure personnel and equipment arrive at the POD when
required. Deploying units are then validated and configured for movement. Specific HR support functions
include:
Maintain accountability of all personnel.
Prepare manifests.
MOVEMENT TO THE POD

5-17. Units receive movement instructions from transportation component commands and are advised via
movement directives when their equipment is required to be at the POD. This phase ends when the units
and their equipment depart the POD.
RECEPTION, STAGING, ONWARD MOVEMENT, AND

INTEGRATION (RSOI)
5-18. RSOI is a sequential process that generates combat power in an Area of Operations. In a power
projection environment the ability to execute missions largely depends on the speed with which combat
power can be assembled at required locations. Regardless of the situation, it is critical that HR units are
deployed in the earliest stages of an operation to ensure accurate personnel accountability and other key
core competencies are provided at each APOD. Soldiers and equipment arriving in the AOR must be
efficiently received, rapidly formed into self-supporting units, expeditiously moved to Tactical Assembly
Areas (TAA), and seamlessly integrated into mission operations. The number, type, and sequencing of
these units must support the commanders concept of operations. Personnel considerations in the RSOI
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 5-5

Chapter 5
process must be included in the earliest stages of operational planning to ensure that sufficient capabilities
exist to support and sustain the rapid build up of combat forces. FM 100-17-3, RSOI, provides detailed
information on RSOI operations. The key HR support function that must be maintained throughout the
RSOI process is accounting for all Army, civilian, contracted JIM personnel for which the Army is tasked
with accountability.
RECEPTION
5-19. Maximum throughput at limited APODs is paramount. The APOD is by nature a joint facility and
may also be a multinational facility. It is a port of debarkation (POD) for deploying forces, and a POE for
forces moving to other theaters and for casualty and noncombatant evacuation. The host nation may limit
the APOD to military use or the military may share the facility with commercial activities. The military
will most likely be competing for use of the APOD with other governmental and non-governmental
agencies. Key functions during reception are:
PASR (Army, civilian, contracted, JIM personnel).
Ensuring personnel accounting data is entered into the theater database.
STAGING
5-20. Staging begins when the first equipment or personnel arrive (from reception) at the staging areas and
ends when personnel and equipment are rejoined for onward movement. It involves organizing and
preparing for movement of personnel and materiel to designated areas to incrementally build forces
capable of meeting the operational and tactical commanders' requirements. Similar to reception, staging
applies to resources, not units. Throughout the RSOI process, but more specifically in the staging area, the
Task Force is accomplishing all of the actions required to transform it into a combat-ready unit. This
includes, but is not limited to, units reassembling and uniting with their equipment, acclimatization to the
theater, training, force protection, weapons screen and zero, class V and supplies uploaded, and planning
for future operations. The critical HR function remains PASR for Army, civilian, contracted, and JIM
personnel throughout this phase.
ONWARD MOVEMENT
5-21. During this phase forces that are capable of meeting the commander's operational requirements
relocate to the initial point of their mission execution. Rail, road, or air movement can accomplish this. The
mode of transportation depends on the tactical and logistical situation. The critical HR function remains
PASR throughout this phase. Casualty Operations and HR Planning and Operations are also critical core
competencies during this phase.
INTEGRATION
5-22. This step involves the synchronized and systemic process of projecting forces into a tactical
commander's organization prior to mission execution. The force structure can be a joint task force or a
combined force. Integration is the final step in the RSOI process of force projection and is only achieved
after successful completion of reception, staging, and onward movement. Integration planning and
coordination, however, must begin early and be continuous throughout the force projection process. The
critical HR core competencies remain PASR of Army, civilian, contracted, and JIM personnel, Casualty
Operations and HR Planning and Operations.
EMPLOYMENT
5-23. The specific requirements for military HR units to support a force projection will be established by
the G-1 of the responsible Army/ASCC Commander. If no ARFOR commander is designated, the G-1 of
the Army/ASCC exercising geographic responsibility will specify HR unit requirements. Selected units
will be employed as follows:
5-6 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

Large-scale force projections (Corps or larger) -- HR units are under the operational control of
the Sustainment Brigade in the AO, with the technical guidance of the HRSC (if established), or
HR Operations Cell of the Expeditionary Sustainment Command Distribution Management
Center.
Small-scale force projections (Division or smaller) -- HR units will be under the operational
control of the Sustainment Brigade with the technical guidance provided by the HR Operations
Cell of the Sustainment Brigade SPO.
Units which have not converted, through PSDR, to the Brigade/BCT S-1-centric construct for
HR support will have to be placed under the administrative control of converted Brigade/BCTs,
as area support HR support is not available. Special Troop Battalions S-1 sections will support
Division/Corps/Army Troops supporting Division/Corps/Army headquarters. This must be
identified during the planning process for support of the deploying task force. The Army/ASCC
G-1 and HRSC Director ensure HR assets are deployed as determined by METT-TC and
consider the nature of the operation, size of the force utilized, maturity of the AOR, availability
of in-theater assets, and host nation capabilities.
SUSTAINMENT
5-24. The sustaining base supports the deployed force in the following areas: Soldier readiness processing,
database management (RC only), custody and maintenance of personnel records for Soldiers and DOD
civilians, family readiness and support, casualty operations management in CONUS. PSDR-converted
units will be responsible for HR core competencies, to include personnel records. See Appendix M
Garrison Human Resource Support for further information.
REDEPLOYMENT
5-25. There are three major concerns for the HR community during redeployment: assisting in managing
the personnel flow to home stations, reducing or eliminating the HR support structure in the JOA, and
supporting reconstitution of units to pre-deployment levels of readiness. When reducing the HR support
structure, it is critical that HR leaders ensure an adequate number of HR units remain in AOR to conduct
the redeployment process. The key HR function during this phase is personnel accountability.
PERSONNEL FLOW
5-26. The most desirable mode of personnel flow is by unit. However, if units were provisionally
organized in AOR or have received replacements during operations, individual redeployment may be
necessary. Accordingly, the Army/ASCC G-1 is responsible for developing redeployment policies that
dictate the routing procedures for units, as well as for individual Soldiers and DOD civilians who cannot
redeploy with their units.
5-27. In order to support R5 surge operations associated with the redeployment process, the HRSC or
Army/ASCC G-1 must ensure sufficient R5 organizations to support units and individuals moving through
the APOE. The TG R5 Team and supporting HR Company (R5) establish personnel processing centers to
support inter-theater APOEs. Specific HR functions include:
Maintaining personnel accounting and strength reporting.
Providing emergency personnel services for ID documents and DD93/SGLV.
Conducting casualty operations support for all personnel entering or exiting its assigned area of
responsibility.
Verifying Soldier identification against unit manifests and generate / adjust manifests as
necessary.
Conducting liaison with the mobile aeromedical staging facilities to obtain manifests for
medically evacuated personnel.
Coordinating changes to manifests with Movement Control Team (MCT) or A/DACG
personnel.
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 5-7

Chapter 5
Ensuring departing Soldiers/units are removed from theater database.
PERSONNEL STRUCTURE
5-28. The disengagement process for HR units is complex. Sufficient structure must remain to continue
performing the critical HR core competencies and supporting the redeployment process. Consequently, the
Army/ASCC G-1 and HRSC Director must carefully consider these requirements in timing HR unit
redeployment. Based on this assessment, HR units will either redeploy incrementally or as complete units.
UNIT REDEPLOYMENT RESPONSIBILITIES

5-29. The redeployment of individuals and units depends on actions from the following:
UNIT COMMANDERS:
Identify and report to the S-1 those Soldiers, DoD civilians, contractors, and JIM personnel
assigned / attached who should redeploy individually.
Submit personnel evaluation reports.
Submit award recommendations.
Ensure that Soldiers inform families of any change of unit and/or unit address.
UNIT S-1:
Maintain accountability of all Soldiers, DoD civilians, contractors, and JIM personnel who are
redeploying.
Assist unit commanders to identify assigned / attached personnel who should redeploy
individually.
Assist unit commanders to prepare Soldiers for redeployment.
Manage personnel evaluation requirements.
Process award recommendations.
Ensure all required RC Line of Duty (LOD) actions are completed.
HRSC:
Coordinate for the HR structure necessary to support the redeployment process, and continue
managing critical HR core competencies.
Develop the theater-level plan for redeploying the HR support structure.
Determine the need for HR support to sustain a residual force and support post conflict activities
Maintain the theater database.
ARMY/ASCCC G-1:
Establish accountability and processing procedures in theater to facilitate redeployment and
demobilization for RC Soldiers.
Accomplish redeployment in accordance with combatant commanders guidance and priorities.
Conduct hand off of responsibility for support of all assigned / attached DoD civilians,
contractors, or JIM personnel.
INSTALLATION MANAGEMENT AGENCY (IMA):

Coordinate activities at installations to ensure rapid, orderly and effective redeployment,
reconstitution, and demobilization support.
Develop and execute procedures to ensure media coverage of returning individuals and units.
5-8 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

HUMAN RESOURCES COMMAND (HRC):

Prescribe transition processing requirements for demobilization/release from active duty.
Prescribe pre-redeployment processing required for all assigned / attached personnel.
Provide individual augmentation for the Army/ASCC Commander's residual force requirements
and/or post conflict activities.
Develop and implement HR plans required for Deployment Cycle Support (DCS), which
includes the maintenance of personnel readiness; the movement of Soldiers (AC and RC), DoD
civilians, and contractors from OCONUS to CONUS and vice versa; personnel records
management, PASR, and required personnel action processing, and the separation of Soldiers.
Coordinate with the Office of the Chief of the Army Reserves (OCAR), the National Guard
Bureau (NGB), HRC St. Louis (through OCAR), and Joint Headquarters (JHQs) (through
Army National Guard (ARNG) G-1) for the incorporation of component specific personnel
management requirements.
Coordinate with component commanders to develop procedures and systems to track individual
returnees, to include personnel on emergency leave, and execution of DCS.
ARMY G-1:
Provide Army military and civilian HR policy guidance for all planning and execution in
support of an operation.
OFFICE OF THE CHIEF, ARMY RESERVE (OCAR):

In coordination with Army G-1, participate fully in HR policy development, planning, and
execution in support of an operation involving the U.S. Army Reserve.
DIRECTOR, ARMY NATIONAL GUARD (DARNG):

In coordination with Army G-1, participate fully in HR policy development, planning, and
execution in support of an operation involving to the ARNG.
FORSCOM:
Serve as executive agent for redeployment, recovery, and reconstitution for all FORSCOM units
and for demobilization of RC units and individuals.
Develop detailed procedures for recovery, accountability, demobilization, and reconstitution
activities.
Coordinate activities of the appropriate Major United States Army Reserve Command
(MUSARC) and installations to ensure rapid, orderly demobilization.
Ensure all reshaping actions support HQDA policy.
Establish procedures enabling HRC, STARC and USAR Regional Support Commands (RSC) to
provide personnel assistance teams to Mobilization Stations to assist in processing their
respective Soldiers/units in component unique actions.
ARCOM:
Develop detailed procedures for redeployment, personnel accountability, recovery, and
reconstitution of all assigned units and individuals and for the demobilization of RC units and
individuals permanently assigned to the MACOM.
Develop detailed procedures for demobilization in coordination with FORSCOM to ensure
rapid, orderly demobilization.
Develop and execute procedures to separate individuals assigned to USAREUR/USARPAC
units from other AC/RC units.
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 5-9

Chapter 5
DEMOBILIZATION
5-30. The overall proponent for unit / individual demobilization is the Army G-3. The Forces Command
(FORSCOM) commander is the executing agent for unit demobilization, while the proponent for the HR
dimension of demobilization is the Army G-1.
PERSONNEL DEMOBILIZATION PLANNING

5-31. Personnel demobilization planning involves analyzing the personnel actions and workload required
to efficiently complete the demobilization process over a specified timeline. Planning in the theater will
consider those personnel actions that commanders can initiate before the Soldier, DOD civilian, or unit
returns to the sustaining base. Most notably, units should complete award recommendations and evaluation
reports before departing the AOR.
PERSONNEL DEMOBILIZATION
5-32. The demobilization process is initiated when FORSCOM directs that the Continental United States
Armies (CONUSA) issue orders announcing unit demobilization. For mobilized Individual Ready Reserve
(IRR) Soldiers, their individual mobilization orders are produced by Human Resources Command St.
Louis (HRC St. Louis), and serve as demobilization orders one year from the date of mobilization.
However, HRC St. Louis may issue individual release from active duty (REFRAD) orders prior to the
directed demobilization date. For those Soldiers scheduled for release from active duty before their unit's
scheduled demobilization date will remain assigned to the unit until their separation date. While Soldiers
projected to separate after their units demobilization date will be reassigned by the demobilization station
to an active duty unit or installation transition activity pending separation.
5-33. Individual Soldier demobilization processing is conducted primarily at designated CRCs while the
installation of assignment will process those Soldiers stationed in CONUS. CRCs are also charged to
provide demobilization processing for RC Soldiers who reside OCONUS. RC unit members redeploying
with their unit demobilize at the unit's designated mobilization / demobilization station. However, members
of RC units that did not deploy outside CONUS will demobilize at the unit's duty station. While
operational or other factors may affect unit / individual demobilization, personnel processing should
require no more than five days.
5-34. Soldiers serving involuntarily on active duty and those on active duty beyond their scheduled relief
date will have priority for demobilization processing. However, the time required to locate records, obtain
prior service documentation, resolve pay problems, and medical and dental issues, may delay
demobilization. When necessary, demobilization stations may retain Soldiers voluntarily for up to 30 days
to complete administrative actions associated with demobilization. Ultimately, the goal is to accomplish
transition processing without undue delay while not sacrificing accuracy in document preparation.
PERSONNEL DEMOBILIZATION RESPONSIBILITIES

5-35. The military personnel dimension of the demobilization process depends on the following units and
agencies. They have critical roles in establishing and operating the demobilization system.
INSTALLATION MANAGEMENT AGENCY:

Plan and document personnel required to support the de-mobilization mission.
Support units and individuals during demobilization.
Provide family support. Coordinate with any applicable family program coordinators and family
support groups.
Provide installation facilities and equipment, as required, to support replacement mission.
5-10 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

TRADOC:
Designate and supervise CRC demobilization centers and demobilization stations on TRADOC
installations.
Ensure that TRADOC installations with a demobilization mission prepare adequate plans for
executing that mission, to include but not limited to provision of adequate billeting, food
service, automation, transportation, quartermaster support, etc.
Coordinate activities at training base installations to ensure rapid, orderly demobilization.
Prepare to quickly demobilize all RC Soldiers and training organizations who were activated to
support the training surge at their duty station.
Ensure all reshaping actions support HQDA policy.
Establish procedures enabling HRC St. Louis, JHQ, and USARC RSCs to provide personnel
assistance teams to Mobilization Stations to assist in processing their respective Soldiers / units
in component-unique actions.
FORSCOM:
Designate and supervise demobilization stations on FORSCOM installations.
Ensure that FORSCOM installations with a demobilization mission prepare adequate plans for
executing that mission, to include but not limited to provision of adequate billeting, food
service, automation, transportation, quartermaster support, etc.
HRC:
HRC will publish implementation guidance from Army G-1 policy.
ARMY G-1:
Announce any policy modification required in transition processing (for example, special
briefings, special medical processing, involuntary retention reversal, accrued leave, and release
dates).
Monitor the demobilization process through strength reports from demobilization stations.
5-36. Force projection of a supported unit will impact severely on the effectiveness of the critical military
HR systems that sustain that force. These systems are manned by the TOE force structure, and should be
deployed incrementally as discussed below. Specific HR capability requirements will vary across the full
spectrum of military operations.
EARLY ENTRY OPERATIONS

5-37. In order to establish mission essential HR core competencies it is critical that HR elements are
deployed during the earliest stages of an operation. Lessons learned from previous operations indicate that,
unless such teams are deployed early, the development of an accurate deployed personnel database, and the
establishment of in-theater strength accounting and reporting procedures becomes virtually impossible.
During Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom for example, there was an initial 18% deviance of
personnel accountability versus strength reporting, while the DA standard is only 2% deviance. Personnel
managers were eventually able to reduce the deviance to acceptable levels, but only through extremely
labor intensive efforts. Additional lessons have also illustrated the need for casualty operations, advance
postal planning, and emergency personnel service assets upon the immediate arrival into an area of
operations. As the area of operations matures and HR functions become stabilized, the mission of the early
entry personnel team will likely become less manpower-intensive, requiring the redistribution of these
personnel to support other personnel sustainment operations.
5-38. The standard Theater Opening HR requirements are as follow:
Early Entry elements of the HRSC supporting the TSC and Army/ASCC G-1.
TG R5 Team.
HR (R5) Company to operate the TG R5 Center.
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 5-11

Chapter 5
Military Mail Terminal (MMT) Team.

HR (Postal) Company to operate MMT.
Additional TG R5 Teams and MMT Teams with corresponding HR Companies if more than one
inter-theater APOD is used for personnel and postal flows.
FOLLOW-ON FORCES / SUSTAINMENT OPERATIONS

PERSONNEL READINESS MANAGEMENT
5-39. During deployment, the initial personnel readiness management focus will be on ensuring that units
deploy at the established personnel readiness level. Planned policy changes restricting personnel losses will
stabilize the force and minimize replacement requirements.
5-40. R5 operations remain critical as the JOA matures. These requirements will track the unassigned
replacement flow and maintain accountability of return to duty personnel. At this point, the personnel
readiness management network must be in place to conduct R5 operations, to include personnel fill plans in
support of the replacement management system and the commander's priorities if theater replacement and
casualty shelves are to be created. Current manning challenges of the All Volunteer Army make theater
replacement and casualty shelves impractical.
PERSONNEL ACCOUNTING AND STRENGTH REPORTING

5-41. The personnel accounting and strength reporting system depends on the personnel automation
element within the HRSC for the theater database.
5-42. HRC personnel assistance point (PAP) personnel coordinate with (and are usually collocated with)
transportation elements at points of embarkation to update and transmit unit and individual manifests.
Senior HR leaders in forward-deployed theaters designate R5 element(s) to meet this requirement.
5-43. An automation element at the theater level must be able to provide theater accountability and by
name reporting. It may also act as the data entry point for units deploying to the theater.
CASUALTY OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT

5-44. The demand for casualty information during any contingency operation establishes a critical
requirement for casualty managers and liaison personnel. Leaders must establish the casualty management
network without delay. The HRSC Casualty Operations Division forms the theater Casualty Area
Command under the deployed element of the Army/ASCC G-1.
R5 OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT
5-45. R5 elements units must arrive early to man the ports of debarkation in order to support and account
for incoming and outgoing personnel. In addition to supporting Soldiers in the normal deployment and
subsequent replacement flow, R5 elements will have to support Soldiers, DOD civilians, and other
assigned/attached personnel returning to duty from medical facilities, R&R, emergency leave, and
stragglers, and redeploying personnel. As the JOA matures, unassigned replacement personnel may begin
to arrive for further assignment from the Army/ASCC level.
POSTAL OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT

5-46. There will be an immediate demand for postal services in any contingency operation. Postal system
managers must deploy early at Army/ASCC G-1-level and the HRSC to recommend, disseminate, and
enforce policy, establish the postal delivery network and manage the JOA mail routing scheme.
Additionally, HR (Postal) Companies must deploy early to provide postal services. . See appendix F for
greater detail.
5-12 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

MORALE, WELFARE, AND RECREATION (MWR) AND COMMUNITY SUPPORT

5-47. The mission of the MWR system in force projection is to improve unit readiness by promoting
fitness, building morale and cohesion, increasing family wellness and self reliance, and enhancing Soldier
and civilian quality of life. The synchronized systems of Army MWR, the ARC, family support, and
AAFES provide recreational, social, health and comfort, and family support services to deployed forces.
The ARC supplements those family support services of the military that affect the health, welfare, and
morale of the Soldiers and families. Mission accomplishment for forward-deployed units is directly linked
to Soldiers' confidence that their families are safe and are able to carry on during their absence. The
exchange system provides basic health, hygiene, and personal care needs to all assigned / attached
personnel. See appendix H for greater detail.
ARMY BANDS OPERATIONS

5-48. Through music, Army bands support deployed forces in a wide range of tactical and garrison
environments. Army bands can be effective when used to augment the senior commanders strategic
communications plan.
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 5-13

*FM 1-0 (FM 12-6)
Appendix A
PERSONNEL READINESS MANAGEMENT (PRM)
The mission of PRM is to distribute Soldiers and Army civilians to subordinate

commands based on documented manpower requirements, authorizations, and
predictive analysis in support of Commanders plans and priorities. Effective
personnel readiness describes a state of operational preparedness. PRM is a process
of achieving and maintaining that state. The process involves analyzing personnel
strength data to determine current combat capabilities, projecting future
requirements, and assessing conditions of individual readiness. It starts with the
comparison of an organizations personnel strength against its required
authorizations, includes predictive analysis of manpower changes (e.g. casualty rates,
replacement flows, non-deployable rates, evacuation policies), and ends with a
personnel readiness assessment and allocation decision. Effective PRM is the end
state of the Personnel Estimate, individual and unit readiness, and strength
management.
PRM is the cornerstone of successful and sustained HR support to combat operations.

It is a continuous process that starts at the individual Soldier and continues through
the full spectrum of operations. PRM is not solely a wartime task for HR
professionals; it is a continuous process, which must occur during peacetime, pre-
mobilization, mobilization, deployment, RSOI, major combat operations, sustainment
operations, redeployment, reconstitution, and de-mobilization. Discipline in PRM
must be maintained at all levels of command.
REFERENCES
A-1. The following regulations provide policy and procedural guidance for the personnel readiness
management system:
AR 135-205, Enlisted Personnel Management.
AR 600-8, Military Personnel Management.
AR 600-8-101, Personnel Processing (In-Out, Soldier Readiness, Mobilization and Deployment
Processing).
AR 600-8-6, Personnel Accounting and Strength Reporting.
AR 614-100, Officer Assignment Policies, Details and Transfers.
AR 614-200, Enlisted Assignment and Utilization Management.
AR 690-11, Use and Management of Civilian Personnel in Support of Military Contingency
Operations.
DA Pam 600-8-101, Personnel Processing (In-Out, Soldier Readiness, Mobilization and
Deployment Processing).
FM 100-9, Reconstitution.
PROPONENCY
The functional proponent for PRM is the Army G-1.
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 A-1

Appendix A
RESPONSIBLITIES
A-2. The personnel management directorates of HRC, USARC G-1, Regional Readiness Commands,
Joint Force Headquarters-State, and the G-1/S-1 at each echelon of command from Army/ASCC to
Battalion are responsible for PRM. PRM is a continuous process that is performed in the area of
responsibility (AOR), from an ISB, at home station, or a combination of one or more. Critical to
forecasting personnel readiness status is the casualty estimate. Casualty estimation requires characterizing
projected operations with appropriate casualty rates and affected MOSs and grades. Figure A-1 shows the
PRM functions and responsible agencies at each level.
PESONNEL READINESS MANAGEMENT

RESPONSIBLE AGENCY
FUNCTION / TASK
Battalion Brigade Division Corps/JTF Army/ASCC
Personnel Reporting S-1 S-1 G-1 G-1 G-1
Priority of Fill S-3 S-3 G-3 G-3 G-3
PASR S-1 S-1 G-1 G-1 G-1
Casualty Estimation S-1 S-1 G-1 G-1 G-1
Projected Gains/Losses S-1 S-1 G-1 G-1 G-1
Return to Duty Projection MED PLT/ SURGEON/ SURGEON SURGEON MEDCOM

S-1 S-1
Figure A-1. PRM Responsibilities
PERSONNEL READINESS MANAGER

A-3. Responsibilities of personnel readiness managers at all echelons of command include the following:
Evaluate current and anticipated strength levels to determine replacement personnel
requirements and availability using current PASR documents and reports.
Advise the commander on current and projected unit personnel strength.
Prepare casualty estimates to predict operational losses.
Ensure PRM data is included in the Personnel Estimate.
Manage replacement operations for respective units.
Coordinate replacement requirements based on projected losses and operational tempo.
Coordinate replacement flows with other staff members for equipping and transportation
support.
Distribute personnel replacements in accordance with the commanders priorities.
Coordinate the processing of personnel returning to duty from medical facilities.
Conduct PRM data updates.
Ensure changes in status impacting PRM are updated in the database of record.
Evaluate impact of R5 Operations on PRM status reporting.
Ensure rear detachment/non-deploying personnel are listed in the home/rear detachment UICs.

A-4. Battalion S-1 personnel readiness responsibilities include the following tasks:
Ensure all Soldier transactions and status changes are updated in the database of record in a
timely manner and accurately.
A-2 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

Monitor, and report to the commander, the personnel readiness status of subordinate units to
include: key leaders, combat squads, crews and teams the focus of the Battalion PRM is
combat-capable platoons.
Synchronize replacement flow with equipment (coordinate with S-4).
Advise the commander on current and projected personnel readiness status.
Recommend replacement priorities based on current and forecasted readiness status and
commanders intent (S-3 determines priorities).
Ensure all strength changes are reported to the Brigade/BCT S-1.
Assign individual, squad, crew, or team replacements.
Report critical personnel requirements for individual Soldiers and/or teams.
Plan the personnel portion of reconstitution operations.
Prepare PERSTAT or JPERSTAT as required.
Ensure data in HR systems is continuously updated and accurate.
Ensure strength data reflects current task organization.

A-5. Brigade/BCT S-1 personnel readiness responsibilities include the following tasks:
Emphasize the importance of timely and accurate Soldier status change updates in the
system/database of record to all subordinate Battalion S-1s.
Monitor and report to the commander the personnel readiness status of subordinates units to
include: key leaders, critical combat squads, crew and teams the focus of Brigade/BCT PRM
is combat-capable companies.
Predict personnel requirements - based on current strength levels, projected gains, estimated
losses, and the projected number of Soldiers and Army civilians returned to duty from medical
facilities.
Coordinate call-forward replacement operations if replacements continue to arrive at home
station versus joining the unit deployed.
Synchronize replacement flow with equipment (coordinate with S-4).
Advise the commander on current and projected personnel readiness status.
Recommend replacement priorities (based on recommendations with the S-3).
Assign individual, squad, crew, or team replacements.
Report critical personnel requirements to higher headquarters.
Plan and coordinate the personnel portion of reconstitution operations.
Prepare PERSTAT or JPERSTAT as required.
Ensure data in HR systems is continuously updated and accurate perform error reconciliation
Ensure strength data reflects current task organization.
DIVISION G-1
A-6. Division G-1 PRM tasks include:
Establish electronic link to HR systems (if serving as the ARFOR G-1).
Provide PRM during theater opening operations (if serving as the ARFOR G-1).
Monitor and ensure personnel distribution executed from HRC to the Brigade/BCTs supports
Commanders operational priorities and requirements.
Coordinate operational personnel diversions with both HRC and the gaining/losing
Brigade/BCT.
Predict and validate personnel requirements - based on current strength levels, projected gains,
estimated losses, and the projected number of Soldiers and Army civilians returned to duty from
medical facilities.
Manage division personnel readiness network.

Appendix A
Collect, consolidate, analyze, and report personnel strength information (PERSTAT).

Coordinate call-forward replacement operations if replacements continue to arrive at home
station versus joining the unit deployed.
Manage the personnel portion of reconstitution operations.
Maintain information on combat teams and crews.
Advise leaders on combat leader personnel status.
Conduct readiness analysis, assess combat capabilities, and identify PRM (skill and rank).
Support Brigade/BCT PRM managers to predict personnel requirements - based on current
strength levels, projected gains, estimated losses, and the projected number of Soldiers and
Army civilians returned to duty from medical facilities.
Assess new equipment and weapons systems' impact on personnel requirements.
Recommend replacement allocation and priorities of to the G-3 when the HRC-managed
Brigade/BCT flow does not support the operational plan.
Provide replacement priorities to Army/ASCC G-1, HRSC PASR/PRM/IM Division, or senior
HR element.
When theater and casualty replacement shelves are used, coordinate replacement flow with
subordinate Brigade/BCT S-1s.
Conduct reassignments to meet operational requirements by exception, when the top of the
system does not react to operational conditions in a timely manner.
ARMY/ASCC G-1
A-7. Army/ASCC G-1 PRM tasks include:
Provide PRM during theater opening operations.
Monitor the PRM system within the Army/ASCC, ensure top-of-the-system management to
Brigades/BCTs supports the Commanders operational requirements.
Manage Army/ASCC personnel readiness network and establish deployed theater personnel
database (currently using DTAS).
Monitor and analyze strength reports.
Advise commander on personnel readiness.
Monitor and maintain readiness information on units deploying into the Theater.
Monitor, analyze, and validate unit strengths to determine personnel requirements and priorities.
Predict and validate personnel requirements - based on current strength levels, projected gains,
estimated losses, and the projected number of Soldiers and Army civilians returning to duty
from medical facilities.
Recommend replacement priorities to the G-3.
Manage theater replacement system if replacement and casualty shelves are utilized. Coordinate
theater replacement shelf operations with the HRSC PASR/PRM/IM Division and required
supporting R5 elements.
Develop Theater distribution plans.
Execute approved replacement fill priorities.
Conduct reassignments to meet operational requirements.
INSTALLATION MANAGEMENT AGENCY

A-8. IMA (sustaining base installation) PRM tasks include:
Conduct cross leveling of non-deploying personnel, in coordination with unit S-1/G-1.
Facilitate reassignment of non-deploying personnel in coordination with unit S-1/G-1.

ARCOM/FORCE PROVIDER
A-9. MACOM/Force Provider PRM tasks include:
Support PRM requirements for deploying units.
Provide DML/DMSL mapping for deploying units.
HRC
A-10. HRC PRM tasks include:
Support PRM requirements for deploying and deployed units.
Realign personnel automated systems to recognize the deployed force composition.
Ensure that Brigade/BCT DMSLs transfer to gaining deployed headquarters to allow visibility
of inbound Soldiers.
Establish predictive modeling that allows the push of replacements to deploying and deployed
units to maintain target operational strengths.
PRINCIPLES OF PERSONNEL READINESS SUPPORT

INITIAL READINESS
A-11. Department of the Army (DA) establishes personnel readiness standards for deploying units through
the publishing of updated Personnel Manning Guidance. Current authorized strength levels serve as the
basis of personnel readiness management unless the Army G-3 directs a change.
A-12. The Army/ASCC develops, as part of the deliberate planning process, an operations plan (OPLAN)
shelf requisition to support these requirements if replacement shelves can be supported. The All-Volunteer
Army has limited the number of unassigned Soldiers available, which has made replacement shelves
unsupportable. The Army has been constrained by existing structure and constrained end-strength numbers
that do not allow shelves to be manned. Unit peacetime replacement flow has become the standard means
of replacing wartime losses during the GWOT and during previous operations. HRC has made every
attempt to use predictive modeling to place individuals on assignment instructions to deploying and
deployed units such that they arrive, as replacements are required. Current operational doctrine directs the
rotation of units to replace combat-depleted structures no longer capable of performing assigned combat
tasks due to personnel or equipment losses.
A-13. During the planning phase of operations the Army/ASCC identifies unit and personnel
requirements, to include civilian personnel. At OPLAN execution, if replacement shelves are to be used,
the system delivers filler and casualty replacements to the theater to bring units to combat-required
strength. HRC maintains a copy of the pre-established theater shelf requisitions and performs annual
maintenance. HRC maintenance includes a review for consistency with Army manning guidance and
MOS/AOC structure changes.
A-14. Replacement Shelf Requisitions. The replacement shelf requisitions reflect the number of Soldiers by
MOS/AOC and grade needed to bring AOR units to wartime-authorized strength.
A-15. Casualty Shelf Requisitions. The casualty shelf requisitions reflect the number of expected casualties
(killed in action, wounded in action, missing in action, non-battle injuries) by MOS/AOC/rank and
operational phase. Medical planning models and casualty estimation are the basis for developing the
casualty shelf requisition. Casualty shelf requisitions normally include requirements for the first 90-120
days.
CRITICAL REQUIREMENTS
A-16. Although PRM managers bring deploying units to a designated readiness level, some critical
personnel requirements may remain after the units arrive in the AOR. In these cases, commanders need to
include critical personnel requirements when reporting their PRM status, and if these replacements

Appendix A
continue to flow to home station rear detachments, S-1s and G-1s at all levels must plan for a timely and
rapid call forward mechanism to deliver these unit individual replacements.
SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS AND KEY LEADERS

A-17. Special requirements are those personnel needed by units to conduct operations (linguists, EOD,
etc.) beyond their required/authorized strength. The Force provider and Army G-3 validate special
requirements, and these assets are either deployed as individuals or cross-leveled to fill the requirement.
A-18. Key leader losses require special attention and possibly special support from HRC. S-1s and G-1s
must closely monitor and report key leader losses based on Army/ASCC or HRC guidance. Units may have
to fill key leader losses internally for short periods while the Army/ASCC G-1 and HRC can initiate and
coordinate permanent key leader replacement.
REPLACEMENTS
A-19. Individual replacements will continue to arrive at home station after their designated units have
deployed. The home station is responsible for processing and deploying these Soldiers to their units in the
AOR. S-1s and G-1s must ensure efficient and timely call-forward operations are executed. Timely
coordination with the supporting Transportation Officer (Division/Corps) based on predicted operational
requirements is critical to successful execution.
A-20. In most circumstances, the standard for replacements is individual personnel; however, HR
managers must be prepared to assemble, provide, and track key leader, squad, crew or team replacements
when required.
RECONSTITUTION
A-21. Reconstitution is an action planned and implemented by a Commander to restore units to a desired
level of combat effectiveness commensurate with mission requirements and available resources. FM 100-9,
Reconstitution, provides further guidance. Reconstitution transcends normal day-to-day sustainment
actions but uses existing systems and units to do so. The decision authority to reconstitute a unit is two
echelons above the unit to be reconstituted. For example, a Brigade/BCT Commander can order the
reconstitution of a company.
A-22. Commanders have two reconstitution options: reorganization and regeneration. The commander can
execute them separately but most often will execute them sequentially. It depends on the current and
anticipated situations, command priorities, resources, and time available. The reconstitution mission also
includes an assessment element.
REORGANIZATION
A-23. Reorganization is an action to shift resources within a degraded unit to increase its combat
effectiveness. Commanders of all types of units at each echelon conduct it. Units reorganize before
considering regeneration.
A-24. Reorganization include the following measures:
Cross-leveling equipment and personnel.
Matching operational weapons and systems with crews.
Forming composite units (joining two or more units with high attrition rates to form a single
mission-capable unit).
REGENERATION
A-25. Regeneration is the action of rebuilding a unit. It requires large-scale replacement of personnel,
equipment, and supplies. These units may then require further reorganization. Regeneration may involve
reestablishing or replacing the chain of command. It also involves conducting mission-essential collective
training to get the regenerated unit to standard with its new personnel and equipment.

A-26. Because of the intensive nature of regeneration, it occurs at locations after the unit disengages. It
requires participation by higher echelons. Since regeneration typically requires large quantities of
personnel and equipment, commanders carefully balance these needs against others in the command.
BATTLEFIELD FLOW
A-27. It is the responsibility of PRM managers to continuously collect, correlate, and analyze critical
personnel strength information to develop a vision of current and future personnel requirements.
Developing an accurate battle assessment, PRM managers require the latest known personnel strength,
recent casualties, recent replacement allocations, RTD rates, and projected replacement gains and casualty
losses. From this analysis, PRM readiness managers make recommendations to commanders on various
courses of action for a given operation.
MODULAR FORCE
A-28. HR Support for the Modular Force will continue to focus on personnel combat power and personnel
readiness. As the personnel transformation process progresses and technology enablers are fielded, PRM
managers must have access to accurate and near real-time automated personnel readiness information.
Accurate and near real-time information provides commanders the necessary information they need in
assessing the effectiveness of combat power or mission capability of their formations. Near real-time
information also affects the timeliness and effectiveness of the replacement system in its ability to provide
individual, key leader, unit, squad, crew or team requirements at a specific point and time on the
battlefield. For example, a casualty report should automatically generate a report to requisition
replacements (personnel requirements report). Near real-time information will result in reactive PRM;
however, readiness managers must exercise caution and not allow near real-time information to replace
forecasting and execution of predictive personnel readiness analysis. Readiness managers at all levels need
to ensure PRM requirements and information rapidly flows from the lowest command levels to the top of
the system with info to higher command channels. Common Operating Picture (COP) enablers currently
fielded and being fielded provide very valuable PRM information to S-1s and G-1s. These systems must
continue to be allocated and made available to S-1s and G-1s.

Appendix A
PERSONNEL REPORTING INFORMATION

INFORMATION FLOW
MODULAR FORCE
XX XX X XX XX X
ARM ASC Corp
G Di BCT
HRC G
G- G
G- G- S S
BN
LEGEN
Automated
Automated
Strength
Strength Report
Manual
M anual Strength
Report
Report
Figure A-2. Modular Force Personnel Readiness Reporting
A-29. During pre-deployment/deployment, the focus for brigade and below readiness managers is the
tracking of individual personnel, specifically readiness and deployability status. Included are tasks such as
legal, military pay, HR, medical, dental, family support and well being matters affecting the preparedness
for immediate deployability. Readiness managers at all levels focus on what is needed to increase unit
readiness (i.e., what personnel requirements are needed by the unit, cross-leveling of personnel, calculating
unit strengths, pending gains and losses, and coordinating critical personnel requirements affecting the
combat power of the organization with higher headquarters HR Managers). In preparing for deployment,
PRM managers should be included as part of the Early Entry Command Post (EECP) element.
A-30. During deployment, PRM managers operate from the JOA, at an intermediate sustainment base
(ISB), home station, or a combination of these locations. Accurate and timely readiness data is critical
information that all commanders need before, during, and after any type of operation. It is the
responsibility of readiness personnel at all levels to ensure critical readiness information impacting
individual or unit readiness flows from the foxhole to the top of the system as rapidly as possible,
regardless of location.
A-31. TOPMIS-II/EDAS/ACPERS/eMILPO/ DTAS are systems that the Human Resources Command
(HRC) uses to manage personnel readiness. These systems require adjustment at HRC to support revised
organizational relationships and recognize new requisitioning agencies. PRM managers at ASCC and corps
level must coordinate with forward - deployed elements of HRC to gain access to their TOPMIS-II / EDAS
/ ACPERS / eMILPO / DTAS accounts from the area of operations. This connection provides the means to
manage the requisitioning system for the deployed force.
ENABLING SYSTEMS
A-32. Total Officer Personnel Management Information System (TOPMIS). Automated system used by
HRC to distribute and assign officers, and by HQDA / MACOMs / installations / and Brigade/BCT S-1s to
manage officer strength and distribution / assignment and maintain officer record data on the Total Army
Personnel Data Base-Active Officer (TAPDB-AO).
A-33. Enlisted Distribution and Assignment System (EDAS). EDAS is a real time, interactive, automated
system, which supports the management of the enlisted force. The assignment managers of the Enlisted
Personnel Management Directorate (EPMD), HRC, process assignments, deletions, and deferments for

Soldiers via EDAS. The distribution managers use EDAS to create and validate requisitions, and to add or
modify requisitions. EDAS also provides enlisted strength management information. The Total Army
Personnel Databases (TAPDB) used by EDAS are: Enlisted Personnel Data Base (PERDB), Requisition
Data Base (REQDB), Organizational Database (ORGDB), and the Statistical Database (STATDB).
Installations primarily use eMILPO to update data in TAPDB. Field users use EDAS to monitor and update
requisitions and to read datafor example, information on Soldiers assigned to their commands and
incoming personnel. EDAS is the principal automated source for information concerning enlisted
assignment actions. It is an interactive, on-line system for enlisted assignments and distribution functions.
A-34. Army Civilian Personnel System Headquarters (ACPERS-HQ). This system provides information
on Army civilian personnel: includes strength accounting, employment, award, and performance data. The
HQ ACPERS is a reporting system for Army civilians. The Office of the Assistant G-1 for Civilian
Personnel Policy maintains the system. The system reports Army civilian strength to higher headquarters,
the Department of Defense, the Office of Personnel Management, and Congress. In addition to strength
reporting, the system includes data on employment, training, special employment, performance data,
awards, and acquisition data. The system allows users to query the database using online screens and
DataCom DataQuery. Numerous ad hoc reporting requirements are met through extensive off-line history
files.

*FM 1-0 (FM 12-6)
Appendix B
Personnel Accountability and Strength Reporting (PASR)
The mission of the Army's PASR system is to provide personnel accountability;

report other strength-related information such as duty status, unit of assignment,
location, Assignment Eligibility Available (AEA) codes, and MOS/specialty code;
and update command databases at all levels. Information gained through PASR
provides readiness managers at all levels the data necessary to analyze personnel
strength as a component of personnel combat power.
Historical Perspective
Operation Iraqi Freedom 01
Observation: An element of 3d PERSCOM initially augmented the CFLCC C-1 staff. The C-1 accepted the
mission of JPERSTAT reporting and tasked the 3d PERSCOM with by-name accounting. There is no automated
Army-wide (AC, USAR, ARNG) system, nor is there a joint system in existence to facilitate by-name accounting
for personnel from all services including civilians and contractors. Chief, Personnel Services Directorate,
3rd PERSCOM
Lesson Learned: Responsibilities for JPERSTAT and PASR accounting must be clearly defined in the
planning process. 3d PERSCOM should have been responsible for gathering PERSTAT data for all external
OPCON Army units and reported Army PERSTAT to C-1. The C-1 should have compiled joint data for the
JPERSTAT. PERSTAT data collection should be in exactly the same format as the final JPERSTAT product.
REFERENCES
B-1. The following publications provide policy and procedural guidance for the personnel readiness
management system:
AR 135-205, Enlisted Personnel Management.
AR 600-8, Military Personnel Management.
AR 614-100, Officer Assignment Policies, Details and Transfers.
AR 614-200, Enlisted Assignment and Utilization Management.
AR 690-11, Use and Management of Civilian Personnel In Support of Military Contingency
Operations.
AR 715-9, Contractors Accompanying the Force.
eMILPO, Functional Guidance.
Deployed Theater Accountability Software (DTAS), Functional Guidance.
PROPONENCY
B-2. The functional proponent for the PASR system is the Field Systems Division, The Adjutant
Generals Directorate, United States Army Human Resources Command (HRC).
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 B-1

Appendix B
RESPONSIBILITIES
B-3. Commanders at company level have the responsibility to account for Soldiers and civilians and
accurately report their duty status to the Battalion S-1. Commanders at Battalion and Brigade/BCT level
must enforce the process of recording and transmitting personnel accounting information accurately and in
accordance with established time standards. The following agencies have significant roles in the
establishment and operation of the PASR management system (Figure B-1).
Figure B-1. PASR Responsible Agencies

B-4. Battalion S-1 PASR responsibilities include:
Collect, summarize, analyze, update, and report by name personnel strength information using
directed secure or non-secure data systems, in the directed format.
Process and monitor AEA information for assigned/attached personnel.
Process duty status change information, i.e. PDY to WIA, KIA, MIA or vice versa, and update
the database and HR management systems.
Process information on replacements and return to duty (RTD) personnel, as required, into the
appropriate database.
Reconcile manual strength information with automated strength information; identify and
resolve discrepancies by submitting the appropriate transaction.
Update automated AOR deployed personnel accountability system as required.
B-2 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

Submit personnel status (PERSTAT or JPERSTAT) reports as required to the Brigade/BCT S-1.
Submit Personnel Summary Reports (PERSUM) and Personnel Requirements Reports (PRR) in
compliance with required/directed reporting timelines, format, and detail.
Coordinate with appropriate agencies for information on casualties, patient tracking, and
stragglers and update the database as appropriate.
Coordinate for connectivity for secure and non-secure voice and data systems.

B-5. The Brigade/BCT S-1s PASR responsibilities include:
Collect, summarize, analyze, update, and report by name personnel strength information using
directed secure or non-secure data systems, in the directed format.
Process and monitor AEA information for assigned/attached personnel.
Process duty status change information, i.e. PDY to WIA, KIA, MIA or vice versa, and update
the database and HR management systems.
Process information on replacements and RTD personnel as required, and update corresponding
database.
Reconcile manual strength information with automated strength information; identify and
resolve discrepancies by entering the appropriate transaction and perform error reconciliation for
eMILPO, DIMHRS and DTAS.
Update automated Theater deployed personnel accountability system as required.
Submit personnel status (PERSTAT or JPERSTAT) reports as required to the G-1.
Submit Personnel Summary Reports (PERSUM) and Personnel Requirements Reports (PRR) as
directed (if required).
Coordinate with appropriate agencies for information on casualties, patient tracking, and
stragglers and update the database as appropriate.
Operate a manifesting cell at ports of embarkation, collect manifest data at ports of debarkation
and enter those personnel into the theater database.
DIVISION/CORPS G-1
B-6. The Division/Corps G-1 PASR responsibilities include:
Establish and enforce reporting requirements for subordinate units.
Monitor automated Theater deployed personnel accountability system as required. Ensure by
name accountability data matches strength data.
Provide guidance and oversight for accountability cells at ports of embarkation and debarkation
in Join Operating Area (JOA), when acting as the ARFOR G-1.
Synchronize the timely vertical flow of automated personnel information from Battalions and
Brigade/BCTs and separate units.
Submit personnel status (PERSTAT or JPERSTAT) reports.
Submit Personnel Summary Reports (PERSUM) and Personnel Requirements Reports (PRR) as
directed (if required).
Provide guidance and oversight for accountability cells at ports of embarkation and debarkation
in AOR.
Establish and provide oversight for Casualty Liaison Teams at Medical Treatment Facilities in
the AOR if serving as the ARFOR G-1.
ARMY/ASCC G-1
B-7. The Army/ASCC G-1 Manpower Division and PASR/PRM/IM Division of the HRSC have the
following responsibilities:
Deploy a PASR section with the early entry module.

Appendix B
Establish the deployed theater database, currently using DTAS as the supporting automated
system.
Assume the PASR management responsibility from the lead TG R5 Team and Sustainment
Brigade HROC.
Develop relationships with subordinate task organized units to ensure timely and accurate
PASR.
Operate the automated Theater PASR management system.
Collect, reconcile, correlate, analyze, and present critical personnel readiness information to
personnel readiness managers.
Establish and provide oversight for Casualty Liaison Teams at Medical Treatment Facilities in
the AOR (executed by the Casualty Operations Division of the HRSC).
Direct a Personnel Asset Inventory (PAI) for any subordinate unit when the units strength
imbalance between the eMILPO database and TAPDB database is two percent or more.
INSTALLATION MANAGEMENT AGENCY (IMA)

B-8. IMA responsibilities include:
Ensure in coordination with unit S-1/G-1s that non-deploying personnel from deploying units
are reassigned/cross leveled to garrison units.
Assign Soldiers who will deploy with the force on an interim basis (for example, temporary
change of station (TCS) from another site).
Include units in their current field database of record.
Access mobilized Reserve Component (RC) Soldiers into the Active Component (AC) database.
HUMAN RESOURCES COMMAND (HRC)

B-9. HRC responsibilities include:
Provide technical policy and procedures to govern mobilizing RC Soldier accession into the AC
database.
Provide technical instructions to govern reassigning selected Soldiers to fill readiness
requirements in deploying units.
Provide technical instructions for processing civilian and joint personnel information into the
theater personnel accountability database.
Provide oversight for the Armys automated deployed personnel accountability software.
Provide technical assistance, as required by the Army/ASCC G-1 establishing the deployed
theater database.
PRINCIPLES OF PASR
B-10. PASR depends on timely, accurate and complete information. The senior HR element AOR must
establish SOPs within the JOA to collect and analyze relevant information for developing HR support
plans and personnel estimates. Prior to deployment, HR Support leaders develop reporting standards and
timelines. Secure and non-secure voice and data connectivity is key in ensuring the availability of HR
personnel management systems; however, personnel readiness managers must be prepared to operate in an
environment with little to no connectivity, particularly during the initial phase of the operation or in an area
of operations where subordinate units are geographically dispersed. Personnel readiness managers must
plan for and train in using standard reports that generate the required data without the assistance of HR
automated systems.
PERSONNEL ACCOUNTABILITY
B-11. Personnel accountability is recording by-name data on personnel when they arrive, depart, change
deployed duty location, change duty status, or undergo a grade change. The personnel accountability
process is crucial to the Army's entire personnel information management system. Current theater database

requirements direct the tracking of Soldiers as they transit a deployed theater. Personnel accountability is
critical as Soldiers enter, transit, and depart the theater.
STRENGTH REPORTING
B-12. Strength reporting is the transformation of by name data into a numerical end product. The PASR
process starts with by-name strength-related transaction submitted at Battalion and separate unit level and
ends with database updates at all echelons of command culminating at HRC and HQDA.
B-13. Numerical strength reports reflect the combat power of a unit and used to make and support tactical
decisions. Timely and correct PASR information is critical.
B-14. The Army has an automated personnel accountability software package for use in a deployed theater.
In the event the automated system is not available (due to lack of bandwidth or other issue) manual reports
can be used. Examples of standard manual reports include, but are not limited to:
Personnel Status Report (PERSTAT) The PERSTAT gives the unit and the commander a
strength summary. It provides an assigned and available strength count, and captures gains and
losses for the last reporting period. The PERSTAT should be in exactly the same format as the
Theater JPERSTAT product.
Task Force Organization Lists military forces, units, and individuals temporarily grouped
under one command for the accomplishment of a specific operation or assignment.
Personnel Summary (Figure B-2) This report displays a units personnel strength in aggregate
numbers, as of a given time. It reports strength by personnel category (officer, warrant, enlisted,
and civilian), gains, losses, and duty status changes since the last report. Commanders and
personnel readiness managers use the report to assess organizational combat power and set
priorities.
Personnel Requirements Report (Figure B-3) Human resource managers report personnel
requirements through a personnel requirements report. This report lists a units personnel
replacement requirements by grade/MOS, and is based on comparison of authorized versus
assigned strength.
Figure B-2. Personnel Summary

Appendix B
Figure B-3. Personnel Requirements Report
BATTLEFIELD FLOW
B-15. Commanders at every echelon are responsible for accounting for Soldiers/civilians/JIM personnel
and summarizing unit strength. Utilizing automated personnel enabling systems and manual reports, G-1s
and S-1s are able to accomplish their Commanders strength accounting responsibilities through
submission of timely and accurate personnel status reports.
MODULAR FORCE
B-16. During the Mobilization and Deployment phases of Force Projection, S-1s and G-1s must
concentrate their efforts in accounting for all assigned personnel, and reassigning non-deploying Soldiers
from deploying Unit Identification Codes (UICs). The future database will incorporate all components and
services, eliminating the need to access personnel onto the database. It is necessary to account for all
personnel deploying with the force (Soldiers, DOD civilians, contractor, and JIM personnel). The
following are some of the required tasks during the Mobilization and Deployment phases of Force
Projection:
Reassign non-deploying Soldiers from deploying units to other non-deploying units or to DUICs
established for home detachments.
Establish a PASR system and requirements prior to arrival in AOR (Army/ASCC G-1 may
revise these requirements upon arrival).
Deploy with databases reflecting only deploying Soldiers records.
Ensure accurate personnel data is entered into the theater database as the unit processes through
the TG R5 Team at the inter-theater APOD. The Data Integration Team of the R5 Plans and

Operations section of the HR (R5) Company ensures that units depart the TG R5 Center with a
copy of the inputted theater database data.
B-17. During the Employment, Sustainment and Redeployment phases, units will continue to update their
Soldiers records in the electronic personnel database. The following are some of the required tasks. The
following are some of the required tasks during the Employment, Sustainment and Redeployment phases of
Force Projection:
Update Soldier records in the electronic personnel database as changes occur.
Track and report assigned and attached personnel.
Provide strength reports.
Track transiting Soldiers in the theater database especially as R&R operations and
redeployment operations commence.
Redeploy with databases reflecting only redeploying Soldiers records.
B-18. Figure B-4 depicts the information flow for both automated and manual personnel accountability
reporting.
B-19. Commanders account for Soldiers by reporting strength accountability and duty status changes
though the automated AOR deployed personnel accountability software. (Note: This software is not always
at the lowest echelon due to connectivity.) Units below the connectivity level send the accountability and
duty status changes to the level of connectivity. These entries flow directly to the ASCC database and are
then visible to the command.
Figure B4. Personnel Accounting and Strength Reporting (PASR) Modular Force

Appendix B
Figure B-5. Personnel Accounting and Strength Reporting (PASR) S-1 and SRC 12 Roles
ENABLING SYSTEMS
B-20. Deployed Theater Accountability Software (DTAS). DTAS provides land force commanders with a
standardized software tool and database for tracking and reporting the duty status of all deployed personnel
by Name (SSN), Unit Location, and Day. DTAS will collect, process, store, display and disseminate
personnel accounting data for active duty personnel (including mobilized), joint service members, DOD
civilians, and contractors using standardized software. It is a web enabled software application accessible
worldwide via physical connection to the Secret Internet Protocol Router Network (SIPRNET) or by
mobile computers. DTAS provides near real-time visibility and accountability for military and civilian
personnel in a deployed theater of operations. This visibility is vital in determining the war fighting
capability for all ground forces within a specific AOR.
B-21. Tactical Personnel System (TPS). TPS supports a commander's tactical decision-making process by
creating a deployable "go to war" personnel strength automated file. TPS performs functions of Manifest,
Jump Manifest, System Administration, Personnel, Task Force Operations, Crew Status, Ad hoc Query,
and Unit Identification Code (UIC) Authorizations. It serves as a deployment manifesting platform for all
military personnel, DOD civilians, contractors, and Foreign Nationals. TPS automatically establishes the
deployed personnel database for Army, Joint and Multinational operations. It allows for immediate human
resource monitoring during deployment and reception by the receiving AOR. Standardized reports created
by TPS facilitate the creation of a deployed force database for the ASCC commander. TPS creates and

monitors personnel by task force organizations, provides duty status monitoring of deployed personnel, and
is mobile, which maximizes personnel accountability for the tactical commander during "split-base" or
other operations.
B-22. Electronic Military Personnel Office (eMILPO) application provides the Army with a reliable,
timely, and efficient mechanism for managing strength accountability and performing personnel actions.
This system provides visibility of location, status, and skills of Soldiers both from a high level (top of the
system) and a unit level (bottom of the system). This visibility is vital in determining the war fighting
capability of the Army and subordinate commands.

*FM 1-0 (FM 12-6)
Appendix C
Personnel Information Management
The mission of Personnel Information Management (PIM) is to collect, process, store, display and
disseminate critical information about Soldiers, Department of the Army (DA) Civilians, units and
other personnel as directed. This information assists the Commanders decision-making process and
satisfies the Armys legal obligation to retain historical information about veterans, retirees, and
civilians who deploy. It also supports policy and personnel management decisions at DA level. The
Army currently maintains personnel information in two forms: manual and electronic. Personnel
Information Management is the foundation of the HR core competencies; it either directly or
indirectly supports all.
REFERENCES
AR 600-8, Military Personnel Management
AR 600-8-1, Army Casualty Operations/Assistance/Insurance
AR 600-8-6, Personnel Accounting and Strength Reporting
AR 600-8-11, Reassignments
AR 600-8-14, Identification Cards for Members of the Uniformed Services, Their Family
Members, and Other Eligible Personnel
AR 600-8-22, Military Awards
AR 600-8-101, Personnel Processing (In-,Out-, Soldier Readiness, Mobilization and
Deployment Processing)
AR 600-8-103, Battalion S-1
AR 600-8-104, Military Personnel Information Management/Records
PROPONENCY
C-1. The proponent for Personnel Information Management is the Army G-1. The Army G-1 administers
management of most automated personnel information systems through Human Resources Command
(HRC).
RESPONSIBILITIES
C-2. The Armys current corporate database is the Total Army Personnel Database (TAPDB). Most of the
personnel automation systems in use interface with or update the TAPDB. Due to the integrated nature of
current personnel systems and databases, it is essential for all HR professionals to ensure accurate and
timely updates on systems they operate. The goal of PIM is to provide timely and accurate personnel data
on Soldiers and civilians to Commanders and other decision makers that affect the other HR core
competencies. Current legacy systems rely heavily on the HR provider understanding the underlying
business processes involved in updating and storing personnel data. Future systems will move toward a
more integrated concept with automated processing of business processes. Additionally, future systems
will consolidate personnel and military pay information in a single database. As this transition happens, HR
providers must understand how one process affects/updates other processes.
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 C-1

Appendix C
Personnel accountability is paramount in HR and at no time is this more evident than on the
battlefields supporting todays Global War on Terrorism. Commanders at all levels depend on
accurate and timely troop strength and accountability information during the operational
planning process. During the first operational rotation of Operation Iraqi Freedom, strength
reporting up to theater level proved both difficult and suspect. The theater developed an
online database on SIPR that gave those with access a personnel accountability tool,
however most units did not have access nor did they provide timely and accurate updates.
Commanders and HR professionals voiced their frustrations to the Army Human Resources
Command (HRC). HRCs Field Systems Division conducted theater interviews with
commanders and HR professionals to determine their requirements for a theater-based
accountability system and developed Deployed Theater Accountability Software (DTAS).
DTAS was fielded and put in use in Operations Enduring and Iraqi Freedom (OIF/OEF) during
2004/2005. eMILPO and manual inputs to DTAS provided the backbone of critical data
elements in DTAS while field users provided input on locations and task organization. The
software linked personnel accountability to strength reporting allowing both to use the same
data. DTAS is functional for the joint nature of the personnel accountability process and
operates on the existing communications network in theater. Tactical Personnel System
(TPS) generated manifests are collected upon arrival to theater and uploaded into the DTAS
system at the theater C1/J1. DTAS creates an initial electronic record for each Soldier, Sailor,
Airman, Marine and DOD civilian and contractor entering the theater. In the operational area,
commanders now had a tool to conduct accurate personnel accountability, on a system
capable of operating offline and then transmitting current information to the theater C1/J1,
allowing for an automated, theater-wide horizontal reporting process for the first time in our
history.
Figure C-1. Personnel Information Management Process
BATTALION S-1/SEPARATE COMPANIES

C-3. The Battalion S-1 / Separate Company is generally the first point at which the majority of personnel
updates are made and personnel related files/records are initiated. These units exercise PIM through the
following processes:
Update strength-related information in automated databases to include gains, losses, grade
changes, and duty status changes.
Management of personnel information (manual and/or electronic) on assigned/attached
personnel that update the following systems: eMILPO, Tactical Personnel System (TPS),
Deployed Theater Accountability Software (DTAS), Defense Casualty Information Processing
Systems Forward (DCIPS-Fwd), Interactive Personnel Electronic Records Management
System (iPERMS).
Manage personnel files IAW governing regulations and policies.
BRIGADE/BCT S-1
C-4. The Brigade/BCT S-1 exercises HR staff supervision of the Battalion S-1s and separate companies.
The Brigade/BCT S-1 exercises direct management and oversight of PIM for all subordinate units. This
fundamental change (resulting from HR transformation PSDR) will directly enable the Brigade/BCT
Commander the ability to gather, affect, and analyze personnel data to assist in their decision making
process. The Brigade/BCT S-1 executes PIM through the following processes:
Update strength related information in automated databases to include gains, losses, grade
changes, and duty status changes.
C-2 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

Provide oversight on the management of personnel information (manual and/or electronic) on

assigned/attached personnel that updates the following systems: eMILPO, TPS, DTAS, DCIPS-
Fwd, iPERMS.
Access and/or update the following systems: Dependent Eligibility and Enrollment Reporting
System (DEERS), Enlisted Distribution and Assignment System (EDAS), Total Officer
Personnel Management Information System (TOPMIS) II, eMILPO, DCIPS-Fwd, iPERMS, and
DTAS.
Manage personnel files IAW governing regulations and policies.
Manage hierarchy access for PASR systems in the Brigade/BCT.
Conduct PAS management for all subordinate units
DIVISION/CORPS G-1
C-5. The Division/Corps G-1 either directly or indirectly manages PIM on all assigned units. The
Division/Corps exercises these responsibilities primarily in its role of managing PASR, coordinating EPS,
and managing the casualty reporting system for the Division/Corps. The Division will manage PIM
through the following processes.
Monitor personnel information (manual and/or electronic) on assigned/attached personnel that
updates the following systems: eMILPO, TPS, DTAS, DCIPS-Forward, iPERMS
Manage PASR through access to eMILPO, DTAS and other theater systems
Manage personnel files IAW governing regulations and policies
Establish and manage policies and procedures that affect PIM for subordinate units
PERSONNEL AUTOMATION SYSTEMS (PAS) SECTION OF THE

PERSONNEL PROCESSING ACTIVITY (PPA) OR BRIGADE/BCT S-1
C-6. Responsible for the following:
Maintaining the architecture, user roles and permissions, and resolving/reconciling discrepancies
in eMILPO for supported units
Establish permissions and access levels to eMILPO for users assigned within their
PPA/Brigade/BCT
Manage and provide oversight of error resolution within their PPA/Brigade/BCT
Manage and provide oversight of strength deviations within their PPA/Brigade/BCT
Ensure compliance with policies and procedures for PIM within their PPA/Brigade/BCT
Provide technical assistance on all HRC operated personnel automation systems to supported
users
ARMY/ASCC G-1
C-7. The Army/ASCC G-1 is responsible for all PIM policy in their operational area.
Monitor personnel information (manual and/or electronic) for assigned/attached personnel that
updates the following systems: eMILPO, TPS, DTAS, DCIPS-Forward, iPERMS, EDAS, and
TOPMIS II
Manage PASR through access to eMILPO and DTAS
Establish and manage policies and procedures that affect PIM for subordinate units and the
theater
Publish implementing instructions for personnel policies and programs for supported units
Establish and maintain Army/ASCC deployed theater personnel database
HRSC PASR/PRM/IM DIVISION

Manage personnel information (manual and/or electronic) on assigned/attached personnel that
updates the following systems: eMILPO, TPS, DTAS, DCIPS-Forward.

Appendix C
Monitor PASR through access to eMILPO, DTAS

Manage personnel files IAW governing regulations and policies
Provide technical guidance for PIM to subordinate HR Operations Cells, G-1s and Brigade/BCT
S-1s
Publish implementing instructions for personnel policies and programs for support units and the
theater.
Establish and maintain Army/ASCC personnel database
Provide technical assistance to supported units on all personnel automated systems in theater
MODULAR FORCE
C-8. The Armys modular HR Structure will affect how PIM operates and supports the other critical HR
core competencies. The advent of the Defense Information Management Human Resource System
(DIMHRS) will create a single source joint data base responsible for personnel and pay processes. Future
systems will capitalize on self-service opportunities that allow individuals to make direct changes to the
corporate database. This system will also allow unprecedented access to information at all levels.
Figure C-3. Army Migration Systems
C-9. NIPRNET is the Unclassified but Sensitive Internet Protocol Router Network that provides secure
unclassified data communication to the deployed force
C-10. SIPRNET is the worldwide secure internet routing system that provides secure classified data
communication data
C-11. Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT) provides the HR provider with dedicated access into the
NIPRNET. Developed as the combat service support (CSS) data unclassified communication
infrastructure, the VSAT in conjunction with the CAISI bridging and client modules allows the HR
provider access to the NIPRNET without competing for bandwidth dedicated for C2 nodes in the deployed
area.

C-12. Two Times a Citizen (2xCitizen) A web passed portal allowing reserve components access to their
automated personnel files. RC personnel can update some elements of their personnel record through this
portal
C-13. Assignment Satisfaction Key (ASK) - ASK is a self service web-based application that enables
active component enlisted Soldiers to directly update TAPDB-AE with assignment preferences, to
volunteer for duty locations and special duty, and to update personal data.
C-14. Enlisted Distribution and Assignment System (EDAS) - EDAS is a real time, interactive, automated
system which supports the management of the enlisted force. Assignment and distribution managers in
HRC-Alexandria use EDAS to create requisitions and process assignments, to create and validate
requisitions, and to add or modify requisitions. It also provides enlisted strength management information.
Installations primarily use eMILPO to update data on the TAPDB-AE. Field users use EDAS to create
requisitions and to read data that they are authorizedfor example, information on Soldiers assigned to
their commands and incoming personnel.
C-15. Deployment and Readiness Tracking System (DARTS) A tool used to automatically track Soldier
Readiness Program (SRP). Currently the tool requires a manual downloads from other systems to initially
populate. Once populated, the tool allows commanders and supporting agencies in the SRP process to track
deployability of personnel. The tool is maintained by US Army Forces Command.
C-16. Defense Casualty Information Processing System (DCIPS) - Single uniform casualty reporting
system in place for use by all services. Authority: Under Secretary of Defense, Memorandum, dated 26
July 95, Subject: Designation of a DOD Migration System Supporting Casualty Affairs and Mortuary
Affairs Management.
C-17. Defense Casualty Information Processing System - Forward (DCIPS - Fwd) An automated system
to record and report casualty data. The system is employed with HR units performing casualty reporting
missions and is capable of producing automated casualty reports.
C-18. Department of the Army Photo Management Information System (DAPMIS) - The DA repository
for official DA digital photographic images. Photo labs take digitized photos of Soldiers and use DAPMIS
to deliver photos to the central electronic storage. There is a Soldier self-service component of DAPMIS
that allows a Soldier to accept or reject the photo as his/her photo of record.
C-19. Deployed Theater Accounting Software (DTAS) DTAS is software developed to provide
personnel accountability in a theater of operations. It provides HR professionals and commanders with a
tool to accurately account for and report military and civilian personnel in the AOR.
C-20. Electronic Military Personnel Office (eMILPO) - eMILPO is a web-based application which
provides the U.S. Army with a reliable, timely, and efficient mechanism for performing personnel actions
and managing personnel accountability. The eMILPO system is user friendly and provides varying levels
of visibility of the location, status, and skills of Soldiers. This visibility is vital in determining the strength
and capability of the Army and its subordinate commands.
C-21. Interactive Personnel Electronic Record Management System (iPERMS) - Repository of Official
Military Personnel File (OMPF) legal artifacts for all active Army personnel (includes Active Duty,
Reserve, and National Guard).
C-22. Integrated Total Army Personnel Data Base (ITAPDB) ITAPDB integrates individual records from
the five physical TAPDB data bases into a single physical data base. Ownership rules determined by the
three Army components are applied, so ITAPDB shows which component owns the Soldier at the time
the records are loaded.
C-23. MyBoardFile (MBF) Soldier self-service application that allows officers and civilians scheduled
for a board to review and certify the documents that go before promotion and selection boards.
C-24. My Enlisted Record Brief (MyERB) Soldier self-service capability that allows active component
enlisted Soldiers to view their ERB over the web.

Appendix C
C-25. My Officer Record Brief (MyORB) Soldier self-service capability that allows active component
officers to view their ORB and official photo over the web.
C-26. My Promotion File (MPF) - Soldier self-service application that allows enlisted Soldiers scheduled
for a centralized board to review and certify the documents that go before promotion and selection boards.
C-27. NCO Evaluation Report Support System (NES) - A system that obtains and processes NCOERs in
an accurate and timely manner. It also provides EER information to DA Promotion/Selection Boards and
PSC, MACOM, and DA activities with statistical data regarding the administration of the EER system.
C-28. Office Evaluation Report System - Enhanced (OERS-E) - A system that processes Officer
Evaluation Reports (OER), Academic Evaluation Reports (AER), and DA Photos. The system identifies
errors and enables examiners to resolve errors on reports; flags reports and photos for routing to Selection
Boards: calculates and tracks Senior Rater profiles; system produces the official AER and the official OER
with electronically generated HQDA label which are provided to PERMS and Selection Boards; and the
system provides numerous system-wide management reports for feedback to the Army leadership and the
rating officials in the field. The system updates TAPDB-AO and IWRS with the date of the last evaluation
and date of last photo for each officer. System is used at HRC, National Guard Bureau and the Army
Reserve Personnel Command levels for each component.
C-29. Official Military Personnel File Online (OMPF-Online) Soldier self-service capability that allows
Soldiers to view and print documents from their OMPF over the web.
C-30. Total Officer Personnel Management Information System II (TOPMIS II) TOPMIS II is a real
time, interactive, automated system which supports the management of the officer force. Assignment and
distribution managers in HRC-Alexandria use TOPMIS II to create requisitions and process assignments It
is used by HQDA/ MACOMs/installations to manage officer strength and distribution of officers and to
maintain officer record data on TAPDB-AO.
C-31. Replacement Operations Automation Management System (ROAMS) - ROAMS provides automated
support to HRC in its task of projecting filler and casualty replacement requirements and managing filler
and replacement flow.
C-32. Deployed Theater Accountability Software - DTAS fills the current void within the Personnel
Automation Architecture and provides the essential personnel functionality to support a commanders
tactical decision-making process. DTAS is a SIPR-based theater PASR system. DTAS builds a deployed
database. This capability is critical for immediate and future operations. DTAS also:
Bridges the gap between hasty strength reporting and deliberate personnel accounting.
Assists S-1/G-1 in personnel accounting, strength reporting, and replacement operations
management through reports and queries.
Updates personnel strength when duty status changes are received from units, medical facilities,
mortuary affairs, and MP straggler control.
Allows HR managers to initiate verification of duty status changes.
Produces and edits task force structures by UIC, SSN, and/or crew.
C-33. Total Army Personnel Data Base (TAPDB) The TAPDB is the Armys corporate human resource
data base. It is implemented as five separate data bases: TAPDB-Guard (TAPDB-G) for the Headquarters
National Guard, TAPDB-Reserves (TAPDB-R), TAPDB-Active Enlisted (TAPDB-AE), TAPDB-Active
Officer (TAPDB-AO), and TAPDB-Civilian (TAPDB-C).

Figure C-4. Current Self Service HR Systems

C-34. Transient R&R Accountability and Manifesting System (TRAMS). TRAMS is a computer based
system that provides comprehensive in-transit visibility (ITV) of all R&R leave program participants
moving through the CONUS and OCONUS aerial ports on Air Mobility Command chartered airlift. It's
designed to meet the PAP mission requirements for receiving, processing manifesting and accounting for
personnel traveling on Special Assignment Airlift Missions (SAAM).
C-35. Regional Level Application Software (RLAS). Reserve Component personnel accountability
database.
C-36. Defense Integrated Military Human Resource System (DIMHRS) - DIMHRS is a congressionally-
mandated program with efforts spearheaded by DoD and supported by all military Services. DIMHRS is
the system which will provide Personnel and Pay capabilities to the Army.
C-37. Enterprise Human Resource System (eHRS) The mission of eHRS is to ensure the continuity of
Army HR operations during the transition to DIMHRS and provide improved HR capabilities in the future.
The Vision of eHRS is that people, processes, and technology integrated to provide reachable, relevant,
and reliable Human Resources (HR) capabilities to an Army at war. eHRS aligns technology to changing
HR business processes and provides HR capabilities to all Army communities.
DIMHRS (Personnel and Pay) is the vehicle through which the Department will transform
military personnel and pay management. It will be the modern, responsive system that
supports commanders,
the Services, and Service members and their families in the 21st century.
Paul Wolfowitz

*FM 1-0 (FM 12-6)
Appendix D
Reception-Replacement-Return to Duty-Rest and
Recuperation-Redeployment (R5) Operations Management
The mission of R5 operations is to manage or administer the HR support activities of

tracking and coordinating the movement of Soldiers into, through, or out of a theater
during reception, replacement, return-to-duty, rest and recuperation, and
redeployment operations. Principal activities include the personnel accountability of
transiting Soldiers and the planning, coordinating and executing of R5 activities and
centers to process transiting Soldiers, maintaining personnel accountability
throughout, from designated points of origin (APOD/APOE) to final destination and
to coordinate critical life support requirements while in transit as determined by
METT-TC.
The centerpiece of all we do is the Soldier. Although we have made incredible improvements in
technology and weaponry, we cannot fight and win without well-trained, motivated, and
dedicated Soldiers.
Provide oversight/technical control of Army band operations.

Sergeant Major Kenneth O. Preston
Sergeant Major of the Army
REFERENCES
D-1. The following regulations provide policy and procedural guidance for R5 Management:
CJCSM 3500.04B CH 1 01 Nov1999 Universal Joint Task List.
JP 1-0. Doctrine for Personnel Support to Joint Operations.
JP 3-35. Joint Deployment and Redeployment operations.
JP 4-01.8, Joint Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Joint Reception, Staging, Onward
Movement, and Integration.
DoD Instruction 1400.32, DoD Civilian Work Force Contingency and Emergency Planning
Guidelines and Procedures.
Department of Defense Instruction Number 1000.1, Identity Cards Required by the Geneva
Conventions.
AR 600-8-103, Battalion S-1.
AR 600-8-111, Wartime Replacement Operations.
AR 600-8-101, Personnel Processing (In-, Out-, Soldier Readiness, Mobilization, and
AR 614-1, The Army Replacement System.
DA PAM 600-8-101, Personnel Processing (In-, Out-, Soldier Readiness, Mobilization, and
DA PAM Pamphlet 60041 1 January 1987, Military Personnel Managers Mobilization
Handbook.
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 D-1

Appendix D
DA PAM 60081, Information Handbook for Operating Continental United States (CONUS)
Replacement Centers and Individual Deployment Sites.
FM 100-9, Reconstitution.
FM 100-10-1, Theater Distribution.
FM 4-93.4 (FM 63-4), Theater Support Command.
FM 4-0 (FM100-10), Sustainment.
FM 7- 15 The Army Universal Task List.
FM 6-0 Mission Command: Command and Control of Army Forces.
FM 100-17-3, Reception, Staging, On-Ward Movement, and Integration (RSOI).
PROPONENCY
D-2. The functional proponent for the R5 operations management system is the Army G-1.
RESPONSIBILITIES
D-3. The following agencies and sections must prepare for critical roles in establishing and executing the
R5 operations management system for the deploying forces.
Figure D-1. R5 Operations Management Responsibilities
*Note: Division and Corps may also serve as the ARFOR. In these cases, the senior HR element
of these organizations performs theater R5 management functions.
D-2 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

Reception-Replacement-Return to Duty-Rest and Recuperation-Redeployment (R5) Operations
Management
Figure D-2. R5 Operations Management Responsibilities by Task
R5 MANAGEMENT OPERATIONS RESPONSIBILITIES

D-4. The Battalion S-1's R5 management responsibilities include the following tasks:
Conduct PASR.
Coordinate Battalion orientation requirements.
Coordinate equipment, ammunition, and transportation with the Battalion S4.
Make allocation decisions for incoming replacements and R&R opportunities.
Execute initial DTAS status prior to each Soldier movement.
Coordinate meals and lodging.

D-5. The Brigade/BCT S-1's R5 management responsibilities include the following tasks:
Conduct PASR.
Establish, as required, Brigade/BCT R5 processing center with internal personnel.
Coordinate with the Brigade/BCT S-4 for any required temporary transient Soldier
billeting/feeding required in support of Brigade/BCT R5 operations.
Coordinate with the Brigade/BCT S4 for transportation for movement of transiting Brigade/BCT
Soldiers both to and from subordinate units.

Appendix D
Coordinate with the Brigade/BCT S-4 to resolve individual equipment shortages for arriving
Brigade/BCT Soldiers, with emphasis on arriving replacement and RTD personnel.
Make allocation decisions for incoming replacements and R&R opportunities.
Ensure accurate and timely casualty tracking to maintain situational awareness on projected
RTD flow.
Coordinate with Division/Corps G-1 for replacement call forward, if home station-based
replacement operations in effect.
Ensure all transiting Brigade/BCT Soldiers status is updated in the deployed theater database
(DTAS).
Facilitate Brigade/BCT manifesting, cross-loading, and flow scheduling (during redeployment
operations).
Ensure all redeploying Soldiers are purged from deployed theater database.
DIVISION/CORPS G-1
D-6. The Division/Corps G-1s R5 management responsibilities include the following tasks:
Supervise PASR within the Division/Corps AOR/JOA.
Determine fill priorities for subordinate units (if replacement/casualty shelves established).
Coordinate with supporting Sustainment Brigade SPO HR Ops Cell for intra-theater
APOE/APOD R5 team/platoon support if required.
Coordinate movement of transiting Soldiers from subordinate units to intra-theater
APOE/APOD.
Coordinate movement of transiting Soldiers from intra-theater APOE/APOD to subordinate
units.
Assist Brigade/BCT S-1s with flow visibility, especially with replacement and RTD flow.
Determine replacement call forward priorities, if strategic lift is constrained.
Determine allocations for R&R opportunities for subordinate units.
Coordinate with HRSC R5 Operations Division or HR Operations Cell of Sustainment Brigade
or Expeditionary Sustainment Command for flow data and processing requirements.
Coordinate with ASCC/Army G-1 for changes or modifications in R5 policy.
Provide technical guidance to HR Company operating intra-theater APOE/APOD R5 Center.(if
tasks organization directs).
Provide guidance for R5 operations in AOR/JOA (when serving as ARFOR G-1.
Coordinate orientation requirements.
Coordinate with Division/Corps Surgeon and supporting medical facilities for visibility of RTD
flow.
ARMY/ASCC G-1
D-7. The Army/ASCC G-1 will establish AOR-wide R5 policy and provide planning guidance for R5
functions in the AOR. The R5 Operations Division, HRSC, manages Army/ASCC R5 operations in
support of both the Army/ASCC G-1 and the TSC. The supporting TSC exercises operational control over
R5 units and adheres to Army/ASCC R5 policy and planning guidance.
D-8. The Army/ASCC G-1 Manpower Branch manages personnel readiness and R5 management systems.
R5 management tasks include the following:
Develop and manage theater R5 policy and plans.
Develop HR elements of the theater deployment and redeployment plans and ensure adequate
R5 assets are available to execute surge flow support.
Coordinate, through the HRSC, with the TSC or ESC to ensure R5 assets are positioned in
support of the Army/ASCC movement plan and schedule.
Establish the deployed theater personnel database.

Management
Analyze and report R5 personnel accountability data.

Operate the theater R5 personnel accountability reporting network (currently DTAS on SIPR).
Establish theater replacement and casualty shelves and determine fill priorities and determine
requisitioning process (if applicable).
Coordinate with Army/ASCC G-6 for sufficient SIPR connectivity to establish and execute a
SIPR-based deployed theater personnel database.
Provide technical direction to R5 units as they execute the theater R5 policy and plan.
Coordinate with Army/ASCC G-4 and Movement Control elements to establish systemic and
surge transportation requirements for transiting R5 Soldier support both tactical and strategic
lift.
Maintain coordination with subordinate unit G-1s and S-1s to ensure total visibility of various
R5 flows exist throughout the HR system.
Coordinate with Army/ASCC Surgeon for theater evacuation policy and determine impact on
projected RTD flows.
Establish RTD processing policy as a result of evacuation policy.
HRSC R5 OPERATIONS DIVISION

D-9. The R5 Operations Division assists both the Army/ASCC G-1 and the TSC SPO with the planning
and operational oversight of the theater R5 operation. Principle responsibilities include:
Coordinate with various staff sections for deployment and redeployment plans.
Interface with Air Force elements and A/DACG/MCT personnel for movement requirements
and scheduling.
Monitor, analyze, predict projected passenger flow rates for various R5 categories.
Ensure theater R5 assets are properly allocated and resourced to manage predicted flow rates in
both directions of travel.
Interface with HRSC PASR/PRM/IM Division and Army/ASCC G-1 for replacement priorities
and ensure CRCs are following theater replacement guidance.
Assist Army/ASCC G-1 develop theater R&R policy and allocations.
Coordinate with CONUS APODs, Air Force planners for flow rates.
Report R5 statistics to the HRSC Director and ASCC G-1.
Provide technical R5 guidance to ESC HR Operations Cell, Sustainment Brigade HR Operations
Cell, Subordinate G-1s, TG R5 Teams and HR (R5) Companies.
THEATER GATEWAY (TG) R5 TEAM

D-10. The TG R5 Team coordinates and provides theater R5 support which provides personnel
accountability and database inputs as Soldiers arrive, depart, or transit the theater and executes the
associated tasks supporting the personnel accountability effort. Responsibilities include:
Establish initial Personnel Processing Center (PPC) in the inter-theater APOD/reception area.
Establish personnel accountability of all reportable personnel entering, transiting, departing the
theater.
Assist the HRSC PASR/PRM/IM Division to establish the deployed theater database.
Coordinate transportation for inbound Soldiers from the PPC to the staging area.
Coordinate transportation for outbound Soldiers from the PPC to the aircraft.
Coordinate billeting for transiting Soldiers remaining in the reception area awaiting follow-on
movement.
As required, coordinate with the HRSC for pinpoint assignment instructions for replacements
and RTD Soldiers entering the theater without a pinpoint assignment.
Assist with the Command and Control of theater replacement shelves, if the situation and
METT-TC allow them to be established.

Appendix D
Maintain accountability of R&R personnel.
CONCEPTUAL TG R5 INTER-THEATER PERSONNEL PROCESSING

CENTER
Figure D-3. TG R5 PPC Inbound Flow

Management
Figure D-4. TG R5 PPC Outbound Flow
INSTALLATION MANAGEMENT AGENCY / SUSTAINING BASE

D-11. IMA must equip, train, and ship Soldiers and civilians unable to deploy with units and those
reporting after their units deploy. IMA serves as mobilization stations, power projection platforms, and
demobilization stations for all Army components. IMA provides assistance in the operation and
management of the CRC.
D-12. HRC identifies individual requirements and tasks MACOMs and/or the sustaining base to fill
personnel requirements. The sustaining base installation issues orders, prepares Soldiers and civilians for
deployment and coordinates transportation to the CRC or point of embarkation (POE). The CRC reviews
Soldier and civilian readiness status, coordinates designated training, equipment and weapons issue, and
transportation to the AOR.
D-13. In early stages of deployment, replacement operations managers focus their efforts in the following
areas:
Establishing CRC operations and an interim replacement channel.
Accounting for personnel as they pass through the replacement system.
Coordinating training requirements and support, to include: transportation and equipment.
D-14. Interim Replacement Channel. Replacement managers in the sustaining base must be prepared to
coordinate equipping, training, and transportation support for replacements deploying individually (after

Appendix D
their unit's departure). Unit Rear Detachments may assume this function as part of the direct personnel flow
pattern from HRC to Brigade/BCT.
D-15. CONUS Replacement Centers. Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC) will activate CRCs and
required R5 units early to support the deploying force. CRC installation commanders ensure the CRC is
operational at least ten days prior to the NRP flow begins. HRC will control the flow of NRP through the
CRCs to the POE.
D-16. FORSCOM establishes replacement units to support CRC operations in coordination with TRADOC
and Army G-4 guidance.
PRINCIPLES OF R5 MANAGEMENT OPERATIONS

D-17. R5 (Reception, replacement, return-to-duty, rest and recuperation, and redeployment) operations
management involves planning, preparing, executing, and assessing the control of movement of personnel
and accountability of moving personnel from designated points of origin (APOD/APOE) to ultimate
destinations and to coordinate life support requirement while in transit at consolidated R5 processing
centers. There are two parts to R5 operations management: R5 management and R5 support. R5
management relates to accounting and processing while R5 support is the physical reception, support, and
delivery of military and civilian personnel. This includes replacements, return-to-duty (RTD), Rest and
Recuperation (R&R), and emergency leave Soldiers and other Soldiers in transit.
RECEPTION
D-18. Reception is the initial support, coordination, and management provided at the port of debarkation
(APOD/SPOD). It includes the physical reception and accountability of all forces entering the AOR.
During reception, HR units (TG R5 Team and supporting HR (R5) Company)) establish by-name
accountability for all personnel entering, transiting or departing the AOR/JOA. Coordination for life
support and onward movement of personnel to their designated units is conducted with the transportation
elements supporting the Army/ASCC-level sustainment elements (TSC/ESC/Sustainment Brigade). R5
activities are focused on the establishment of personnel accountability in the deployed theater database and
the coordination of onward movement. Theater R5 elements assist other HR elements to maintain visibility
of Soldiers transiting the theater.
REPLACEMENTS
D-19. Replacement categories include:
Individual replacements.
Non-unit related personnel (NRP).
Unit replacements.
D-20. Replacements receive RSOI support services based on METT-TC.
RETURN TO DUTY (RTD)

D-21. R5 units serve as the conduit for Soldiers and civilians returning to duty from hospitals. Although
RTD personnel enter the R5 system at all levels, R5 managers must insure that their status is accurately
entered in the theater personnel database and that the regaining unit is aware that the Soldier is in transit.
The decision to begin assigning RTDs to other than their original unit is an operational decision
recommended by the Army/ASCC G-1 and made by the G-3 or commander.
REST AND RECUPARATION (R&R)

D-22. Rest and Recuperation (R&R) is a program that provides Soldiers and units an opportunity to rest
and recuperate at a secure location within the operational area or in Sanctuary. The combatant commander
may establish an R&R chargeable leave program which permits Soldiers to use ordinary leave away from
hostile fire and imminent danger areas. R5 elements track and process transiting R&R Soldiers to ensure

Management
that the Commanders intent is met and to limit the amount of time spent away from the unit while in
transit.
REDEPLOYMENT
D-23. Redeployment operations manage the personnel flow to home station, reducing or eliminating the
HR structure in the theater of operations, and supporting the reconstitution of units to pre-mobilization
levels of readiness. R5 units provide support by processing redeploying Soldiers for inter-theater
movement and by ensuring the theater personnel database is purged as Soldiers redeploy from the
AOR/JOA. The TG R5 Team and supporting HR (R5) Company operating the Personnel Processing
Center at the inter-theater APOE/APOD are critical in the efficient and controlled movement of personnel
out of the AOR/JOA.
R5 MANAGEMENT CRITICAL REQUIREMENTS

D-24. Soldier Readiness Processing. Commanders/CRCs ensure Soldiers meet all deployment processing
requirements and that civilians meet equivalent standards set by the Army G-1. Each replacement carries a
complete deployment packet upon departure. The CRC verifies deployment readiness.
D-25. PASR. HR managers / units report arrivals and departures to the senior personnel unit in the AOR.
R5 elements / units will use the Deployed Theater Database System (DTAS) as the accounting system of
record for all newly arrived personnel. Personnel accounting is the most critical R5 task.
D-26. Logistical Support. There are two critical logistical support requirements that will demand intensive
management. First, R5 operations managers establish the requirement for recurring transportation support
with the supporting transportation organization to move transiting personnel within the AOR. Second, they
establish a system, in coordination with the supporting sustainment organization, to overcome equipment
shortages, quarters and rations support, and other administrative services for arriving replacements and the
re-equipping of Soldiers and civilians returning to duty from medical facilities and provost channels. Note:
HR units are not resourced to conduct training or provide sustainment support. HR commanders/managers
coordinate with the G-3/S-3s, G-4/S-4, or HROC to arrange for training and sustainment support.
BATTLEFIELD FLOW
R5 FLOW
D-27. The Theater Gateway R5 Team establishes the R5 Center at the most favorable location based on
projected flow rates in the area of the inter-theater APOD. The Theater Gateway R5 Team receives and
processes all units (RSOI) arriving to the AOR, and coordinates onward movement of the units to their
designated staging areas through coordination with the supporting Sustainment Brigade or Expeditionary
Sustainment Command. Individual replacements flow in a similar manner from the R5 Center to the
BRIGADE/BCT S-1 of the unit assigned. The Theater Opening R5 team and supporting HR (R5)
Company coordinate all onward movement, logistical support and personnel tracking of units and
individual replacements. As the JOA matures, other ports of entry may be established requiring R5 support
at more than one location. The size of this R5 element will be based on the projected flow. During
sustainment, the R&R program requires intense coordination to ensure proper accountability and
movement control. Soldiers on R&R will move with coordination from the BRIGADE S-1 to an R5
platoon or team at the Division/Corps-level executing an intra-theater APOD, based on daily personnel
flow. The R5 team will ensure accountability and necessary processing is done for follow-on travel to the
R5 Center or to in-theater R&R programs. At the R5 center the Soldiers on R&R are briefed, processed and
manifested for R&R travel. Upon return from R&R, the R5 Center processes and moves Soldiers back into
the AOR by coordinating tactical lift assets to supporting intra-theater APODs in the Division/Corps AOR.
Return-to-Duty Soldiers return from Army/ASCC-based hospital or military medical treatment facilities to
the Theater Gateway R5 Center, subordinate intra-theater APOE/APOD R5 elements or Division G-1 or
Brigade/BCT S-1 managed R5 operation, or directly to the unit based on the location of the medical
facility. The R5 element will coordinate with the CLTs for movement back to the units through the

Appendix D
BRIGADE S-1. On completion of a rotation, or the completion of a mission, the Theater Gateway R5 team
will coordinate onward movement with other services, coordinate logistical support and properly account
for individuals and units as they leave the AOR. The R5 Operations Division of the HRSC provides
technical guidance and Army/ASCC policy information to the Theater Gateway R5 Team and supporting
HR (R5) Companies on all R5 matters. The Sustainment Brigade HR Ops Cell assists the forward R5
elements with coordinating logistical needs from assets within the Sustainment Brigade.
Figure D-5. R5 Personnel Flow
R5 REPORTS
D-28. Advance Arrival Report (AAR). Report is organized by personnel category (officer, warrant officer,
enlisted, and civilian). Within each category the by-name list is organized by AOC / MOS and civilian
specialty code. For military personnel, the AOC / MOS include nine characters. The AAR also includes the
POD, personnel increment number (PIN), transportation mission number, and aircraft tail number. If secure
communication is available, the AAR reports the estimated time of arrival (ETA).
D-29. In-flight report (IFR). The IFR reports the names of Soldiers and civilians aboard an aircraft. The
IFR includes the same type of data elements as the AAR.
D-30. JPERSTAT Joint Personnel Theater Accountability Table. Reports provide the status of theater
personnel and interfaces with DTAS to maintain most current data.
D-10 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

*FM 1-0 (FM 12-6)
Appendix E
Casualty Operations Management
The mission of the casualty operations management is to record, report, verify, and
process casualty information from unit level to Department of the Army, notify
appropriate individuals, and provide casualty assistance to next of kin.
Operation Iraqi Freedom Lesson Learned
Observation: In some cases commanders or Soldiers felt compelled to inform family members in the rear of
injuries or deaths involving their loved ones. In some cases the information relayed was incorrect or vague
causing unnecessary anxiety to families whose loved ones may not have even been involved in the incident.
Though the information was relayed out of genuine concern it often caused more harm than good, and resulted
in unnecessary damage control by DA CMAOC.
Chief, Personnel Services Directorate, 3rd PERSCOM
Lesson Learned: Leaders at all levels must strictly enforce transmittal of casualty data through proper
channels and control Soldier impulse to directly contact families.
REFERENCES
AR 600-8-1, Army Casualty Operations / Assistance / Insurance
AR 638-2, Care and Disposition of Remains and Disposition of Personal Effects
AR 600-8-4, Line of Duty
AR 600-34, Fatal Accident
USC Title 10 Section 1501-1512, Missing Personnel Act (Hostile)
USC Title 10 1481-1490
USC Title 37 Section 551-559, Missing Persons Act (Non-hostile)
PROPONENCY
E-1. The functional proponent for casualty operations management is the Casualty and Memorial
Affairs Operations Center (CMAOC), The Adjutant General Directorate, United States Army Human
Resources Command (HRC).
RESPONSIBILITIES
E-2. The following agencies have critical roles in establishing and operating the casualty operations
management system:
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 E-1

Appendix E
Figure E-1. Casualty Operations Management Responsibilities
BATTALION S-1
E-3. The Battalion S-1 has the following responsibilities:
Maintain personnel asset visibility on all assigned or attached personnel
Ensure that all assigned or attached personnel are trained on and maintain required copies of DA
Form 1156 (Casualty Feeder Card)
Receive casualty information from subordinate or attached units (information may be received
via casualty reporting system, 1156s, radio, or by other available methods)
Review casualty reports submitted by theater CLTs direct to the theater CAC. Ensure all
submitted reports concerning Battalion Soldiers are accurate
Review and approve casualty information (verified through CLT, mortuary affairs collection
points, straggler information, provost marshal channels, or individual personnel)
Submit initial casualty reports to Brigade/BCT S-1 using DA Form 1156 or DCIPS-FWD
Coordinate with Battalion aid station / medical company to monitor status of casualties
Provide supplemental casualty report information
Process posthumous promotions, awards, US citizenship actions, if applicable
Appoint Summary Court Martial Officer for Personal Effects
Coordinate with Battalion S4 for movement of Personal effects
Coordinate for an investigating officer to conduct AR 15-6 collateral investigations (required for
accidental or operational non-hostile and hostile friendly fire incident)
E-2 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

Appoint Line of Duty investigating officer for non-hostile injuries and deaths, as directed by
Commander
Prepare, review and dispatch letters of sympathy and/or condolence
Track evacuated casualties back to home station
Update the commander on the status of casualties
BRIGADE/BCT S-1
E-4. The Brigade/BCT S-1 has the following responsibilities:
Maintain personnel asset visibility on all assigned or attached Soldiers, other Service personnel,
DoD / DA civilians, and DA contractors
Ensure that all assigned or attached personnel are trained on and maintain required copies of DA
Form 1156 (Casualty Feeder Card)
Receive casualty information from subordinate Battalion S-1 sections, from tactical voice and
data nets, Brigade/BCT ad hoc CLTs
Verify casualty information from consolidated subordinate unit MPF DD Form 93
Submit casualty reports to the Division/Corps G-1 using DCIPS-FWD or directed system
Maintain coordination with the medical treatment facility/medical company to monitor status of
casualties, both those further evacuated and those ultimately RTDd from the medical company
Submit supplemental casualty reports when the status of the casualty changes
Monitor/appoint Summary Court Martial Officers for personal effects, as required
Process posthumous promotions, awards, and US citizenship, if appropriate
Coordinate with Brigade S4 for movement of Personal effects
Appoint an investigating officer to conduct AR 15-6 collateral investigations into all accidental
or operational non-hostile and hostile friendly fire incidents
Monitor and appoint Line of Duty investigating officer for non-hostile injuries and deaths, as
directed by the Commander
Prepare and dispatch letters of sympathy/condolence as required by the Commander. Battalion
Commanders are required to prepare letters IAW AR 600-8-1, para 2-13, but many
Brigade/BCT Commanders will also have the S-1 prepare a corresponding letter
Update status of casualties as they move through the medical system using DCIPS-FWD (by
monitoring ant PROG reports submitted), the Brigade/BCT Surgeon, and, when required, verbal
coordination with MTFs
Update the commander on the status of casualties
DIVISION/CORPS G-1
E-5. The Division/Corps G-1 has the following responsibilities:
Maintain personnel asset visibility on all assigned or attached personnel
Ensure casualty reports are submitted within 12 hours from time of incident to submission of
Initial Casualty DCIPS-FWD report to the supporting CAC
Administer authority levels for submission of casualty reports for assigned and attached units
Maintain casualty information of all assigned or attached personnel
Ensure supplemental casualty reports are submitted in a timely manner
Ensure DA 1156 is received or distributed as required
Ensure letters of sympathy and /or condolence are completed
Synchronize casualty matters between the G-1 and G-4
Advise the commander on the status of casualties

Appendix E
Note: If the Division/Corps is also serving as the ARFOR, the following responsibilities are
added:
Serve as the casualty manager for the area of operations

Establish the CAC for the area of operations
Ensure data links are established with HRC and casualty information flow is maintained
Ensure CLTs are located at hospitals, and mortuary affairs collection points
Ensure casualty operations is synchronized between the G-1, CLTs, military police, combat
support hospitals, mortuary affairs, intelligence activities, and others as directed by DA
Ensure casualty reports are submitted on all military personnel, DoD civilians, and DA
contractors complete with required and accurate data
Include casualty managers as part of all early entry modules/ teams
HRSC CASUALTY OPERATIONS DIVISION

E-6. The HRSC is the contingency CAC for the JOA and has the following responsibilities:
Serve as the casualty manager for the JOA under the control of the Army/ASCC G-1
Ensure casualty data links are established with HRC
Ensure initial casualty reports flow through the contingency CAC to HQDA NLT 12 hours from
incident to submission of the initial casualty message
Maintain casualty information of all Army/ASCC personnel
Provide CLTs to Level III hospitals and mortuary affairs collection points
Review and transmit initial (INIT) and supplemental (SUPP) casualty reports from all theater
reporting elements
Synchronize casualty operations between the G-1, CLTs, military police, medical facilities, and
mortuary affairs activities
Update the Army/ASCC Commander on the status of casualties through the Army/ASCC G-1
THEATER ARMY CASUALTY AND RECORDS CENTER

E-7. When the tactical situation dictates, the HRSC will form a Theater Army Casualty Records Center
(TACREC).
E-8. The TACREC normally locates at the Casualty Operations Center of the CAC. The HRSC
Casualty Operations Division headquarters section supervises TACREC operations. The TACREC is the
focal point at the Theater for casualty report processing. It also serves as the casualty records repository for
all records (digital and paper) within the Theater.
CASUALTY ASSISTANCE CENTERS

E-9. The casualty operations management program extends beyond the area of operations and includes
casualty assistance centers (CAC) within CONUS and other AORs. The CACs, with direction from the
Casualty and Memorial Affairs Operations Center (CMAOC), provide casualty notification and assistance,
to include assisting the families with survivors benefits and entitlements, coordinate escorts for remains,
makes funeral arrangements to include family funeral travel, provide military burial honors and personal
effects disposition (JPED handles personal effects from theater and the rear detachment Summary Court
Martial Officer handles personal effects at home station). CACs operate based upon a geographic area of
responsibility. CACs are responsible for training Soldiers from all components as casualty notification
officers and casualty assistance officers. CACs operate during both peacetime and contingency operations.

HRC-CMAOC
E-10. Responsibilities of HRC are the following:
Publish regulatory and procedural guidance governing the casualty operations, assistance and
insurance management, the care and disposition of remains, disposition of personal effects, and
the line of duty programs
Provides direction and assistance to casualty assistance centers relating to the casualty
operations management, disposition of remains and disposition of personal effects programs
Assist the lead Army/ASCC or ARFOR G-1 in establishing a casualty data link for casualty
reporting
Provides mortuary liaison team to control flow of information between the armed forces medical
examiner, preparing mortuary and Army casualty operations managers
Coordinate collection of identification of remains media
Synchronize casualty operations with Army G-1/G-4
Process Invitational Orders for family members of Very Seriously Injured (VSI) and Seriously
Injured (SI), and Not Seriously Injured (NSI) Soldiers hospitalized in CONUS.
Conduct boards required by the Missing Persons Act and the Missing Personnel Act
Coordinate fatal training accident briefs to the primary next of kin
Serve as the DoD Executive Agent for Casualty Operations and Mortuary Affairs Programs (to
include the Central Joint Mortuary Affairs Board)
Serves as the DoD proponent for the DCIPS and DCIPS-F
PRINCIPLES OF CASUALTY OPERATION MANAGEMENT

E-11. Casualty management includes the production, dissemination, coordination, validation and
synchronization of casualty reporting, casualty notification, casualty assistance, line-of-duty determination,
disposition of remains, disposition of personal effects, military burial honors and casualty mail
coordination.
E-12. Casualty Operations Information Requirement. Casualty operations management requires the
production, verification and dissemination of information from:
Casualty Feeder Cards (DA Form 1156)
Individual personnel information from the supporting Brigade/BCT S-1
Strength-related / duty status change information from CLTs and Brigade/BCT S-1s
Admissions and disposition reports from level III/IV combat support hospitals
Individual diagnosis and prognosis reports from medical facilities
Status of remains from the preparing mortuary
Straggler information from the provost marshal
E-13. Casualty Reporting. The casualty report is the source document used to provide information to the
next of kin concerning a casualty incident. The categories of reportable casualties are found in AR 600-8-1.
The casualty report consists of a minimum of 15 data fields including: incident circumstances, military
personnel information, individuals personal and family information, etc.
E-14. Casualty Notification. Process of informing the next of kin (NOK) of Soldiers and DA civilians
who have been reported as a casualty. CMAOC is responsible for the notification process in coordination
with the CACs and home station units. In the event of death, Duty Status Whereabouts Unknown
(DUSTWUN), or missing status, a representative of the Army in uniform will notify the individuals
primary next of kin (PNOK) and secondary next of kin (SNOK). The Army may extend invitational travel
orders for family members of wounded Soldiers, if requested by the wounded Soldiers attending
physician.

Appendix E
E-15. Casualty Assistance. The process of aiding the PNOK and other persons designated to receive
benefits of deceased personnel during the period immediately following casualty notification. CACs are
responsible for appointing both the Casualty Notification Officer (CNO) and the Casualty assistance
Officer (CAO) for the next of kin.
E-16. Fatal Accident Family Briefs. A presentation of the facts and findings of a collateral investigation
of all operational/training accidents.
E-17. Casualty Liaison Team. HR personnel attached to medical facilities and theater mortuary affairs
activities with the mission to obtain, verify, update and disseminate casualty information to the appropriate
personnel section or organization in the casualty reporting chain.
E-18. The Office of the Surgeon General is responsible for identifying the medical facilities within the
sustaining base to be used to treat casualties within an AOR. Once identified, the ASCC commander tasks
the appropriate HRSC to establish a CLT with the medical facilities.
Figure E-2. The Casualty Reporting and Tracking Flow
BATTLEFIELD FLOW
E-19. This section identifies the formal flow of casualty information. Collect casualty information on the
battlefield from all available sources and report though official channels as quickly as possible. Since
casualties can occur on the first day of an operation, casualty managers from each echelon of command

need to deploy as part of each echelons early entry elements. In the absence of an HRSC, the senior
element S-1/G-1 must be ready to immediately assume the role of the CAC.
MODULAR FORCE
E-20. The Army will always have a requirement to account for casualties and conduct accurate strength
reconciliation. Future force operations will continue to require interface between HR systems and medical
management, mortuary affairs, and provost marshal databases. Critical elements of casualty operations are
accuracy and timeliness. Casualty reports or casualty information received are to be reconciled and verified
by Battalion or Brigade/BCT HR professionals. As casualties can occur on the first day of a contingency
operation, HR professionals, along with CLTs must deploy as members of all early entry elements.
Casualty reports or casualty information received via tactical operational systems must be reconciled and
verified by Battalion S-1s and forwarded to Brigade/BCT S-1 personnel, who submit the casualty report.
This reconciliation involves coordinating with the unit, medical personnel, casualty liaison teams, mortuary
affairs collection points, or other sources to substantiate the casualty information and to obtain basic
information needed in completing and submitting casualty reports. Information includes date and time of
incident causing the casualty, along with circumstances and location. Brigade S-1 personnel will be
capable of performing any supplemental casualty or accountability actions necessary. It is critical to note
that, when deployed, CLTs work directly for the Casualty Operations Division of the HRSC operating the
theater CAC and provide support to hospitals and G-1 sections, unless otherwise determined by OPORD.
E-21. In the event of multiple casualties, or when the unit sustains a significant number of casualties
within a short period of time, the brigade or Battalion may require augmentation to meet the casualty
reporting timelines. Augmentation is normally provided by higher echelon S-1 or G-1 sections, and if
available, Casualty Liaison teams.
E-22. The medical evacuation system may move injured Soldiers from the battlefield to corps hospitals
while the unit is still engaged. The information gathered by the CLT flows directly to the Army/ASCC
CAC operated by the Casualty Operations Division of the HRSC unless the Army/ASCC G-1 directs that
reports be routed to subordinate G-1s for Commander release approval. CLTs and Brigade/BCT S-1s
prepare reports in DCIPS (FWD). The Army/ASCC CAC verifies the information and sends it to HRC.
HRC then directs / coordinates telephonic notification actions through the appropriate casualty assistance
centers who may contact rear detachment commanders who execute the notification to the next of kin. If
notification is not done by the rear detachment commander then HRC will telephonically notify the next of
kin.
TYPES OF CASUALTY REPORTS
Initial (INIT)
Status Change (STACH)
Supplemental (SUPP)
Progress (PROG)
Health and Welfare
Figure E-3. Type of Casualty Reports

Appendix E
REPORTS
E-23. There are five types of casualty reports: Initial (INIT), Status Change (STACH), Supplemental
(SUPP), Progress (PROG), and Health and Welfare. All personnel must be sensitized to the confidentiality
of casualty information. Commanders must ensure DA Form 1156 is processed only through official
channels. Casualty information is assigned the protective marking of For Official Use Only (FOUO) which
may not be removed until verification that next of kin have been notified. Information on a Soldier, DA
civilian, or contractor in a missing status will remain FOUO until the person is returned to military control
or a change in status is made by The Adjutant General. Emphasis on confidentiality and sensitivity of
casualty information should be part of training on the DA Form 1156 and integrated into formal training
programs at all levels. Speed is important, accuracy is essential.

Figure E-4. DA Form 1156 (Front Side)
Figure E-5. DA Form 1156 (Back Side)
ENABLING SYSTEMS
E-24. Defense Casualty Information Processing System (DCIPS). This system manages receipt of the
casualty messages, permits interactive update of casualty information, allows data exchange with CACs
and mortuaries, the Armed Forces Medical Examiner, the Defense Manpower Data Center, and various
other medical surveillance organizations, and formulates required documents and reports. Interfaces with

Appendix E
military personnel databases to obtain personnel data. DCIPS interfaces with the U.S. Air Force Mortuary
Operations Management System at Dover Air Force Base to exchange the casualty personnel information,
identification of remains information, family disposition instructions, and remains shipping information.
E-25. Defense Casualty Information Processing System - Forward (DCIPS-FWD). A component of

DCIPS used to create and send casualty reports through casualty channels. It is the system used by forward
deployed units and CACs worldwide in support of full spectrum operations.
E-10 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

*FM 1-0 (FM 12-6)
Appendix F
Essential Personnel Services
The mission of Essential Personnel services (EPS) is to provide Soldiers and units
timely and accurate personnel services that efficiently update Soldier status, readiness
and quality of life and allows Army leadership to effectively manage the force.
As the Army transforms into a more modular, mobile and lethal force, the AG community will be required to
stay relevant. Regardless of the AGs future structure, essential personnel services (EPS) will always be
required and it will be incumbent upon all future HR professionals to provide these services.
CSM Timothy P. Livengood
1st Cav Div
REFERENCES
F-1. The following regulations provide policy and procedural guidance for Essential Personnel
Services:
AR 350-100, Officer Active Duty Service Obligations
AR 600-6, Special Duty Pay.
AR 600-8-4, Line of Duty Investigations.
AR 600-8-10, Leave and Passes.
AR 600-8-14, Identification Cards.
AR 600-8-19, Enlisted Promotions & Reductions.
AR 600-8-22, Military Awards.
AR 600-8-24, Officer Transfers & Discharges.
AR 600-8-29, Officer Promotions.
AR 623-105, Officer Evaluation Reporting Systems.
AR 623-205, NCO Evaluation Reporting System.
AR 635-5-1, Separation Program Designator (SPD) Codes.
AR 635-200, Active Duty Enlisted Administrative Separations.
AR 672-3, Unit Citation and Campaign Participation Credit Register.
AR 672-20, Incentive Awards.
Operations.
DA Pamphlet 635-4, Pre-separation Guide.
DOD Manual 1348.33, Manual of Military Decorations & Awards.
Title 10, United States Code.
PROPONENCY
F-2. The functional proponents for EPS are:
The Adjutant General (TAG).
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 F-1

Appendix F
Army Human Resources Command (HRC).

Army G-1.
RESPONSIBLITIES
F-3. Essential Personnel Services (EPS) is a HR core competency. Figure F-1 depicts responsibilities
for providing EPS to Soldiers & units.
Figure F-1. Responsibilities for Provision of EPS
PRINCIPLES OF ESSENTIAL PERSONNEL SERVICES

AWARDS AND DECORATIONS:
F-4. The awards and decorations program enables the Army to provide Soldiers and DOD civilians
tangible recognition for valor, meritorious service, and achievements. The awards program also provides a
mechanism for recognizing next of kin, members of sister services, military personnel of allied countries,
and civilians for their meritorious contributions.
F-5. Approval authority for awards and decorations is prescribed by regulation. During wartime, the
Secretary of the Army may further delegate approval authority for awards and decorations to the
Combatant Commander. Upon request, Joint Task Force (JTF) commanders may be granted exceptions to
the approval level.
F-6. Recommendations for awards and decorations must be initiated, processed, and submitted through
the chain of command to the approval authority. Commanders in the chain of command process the award
expeditiously with the goal of presenting the award prior to the individuals departure from the unit, or
F-2 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

within 60 days of the act or achievement. Award boards may be established by commanders to review
award recommendations and recommend award decisions. Awards boards must reflect the composition of
the command as much as possible. For example, if a unit is task organized with active and reserve
component units, then the board should have representatives from each component. Awards and
decorations are historical in nature and approval authorities maintain a record of each recommendation and
decision. Recent advances in forms content management have made award recommendations easier to
prepare and require less paper-only processes. Additionally, a standard DA form has been developed for
the processing of unit awards.
NONCOMMISSIONED OFFICER EVALUATIONS

F-7. The Noncommissioned Officer Evaluation Report (NCOER) system evaluates and documents the
performance of Noncommissioned Officers (NCOs). AR 623-205, NCOER System provides policy and
procedural guidance for processing NCO evaluation reports. The NCOER system is designed to:
Strengthen the ability of the NCO Corps to meet the professional challenges of the Army.
Ensure selection of the best qualified to serve in positions of increasing responsibility.
Determine how the Army can best use the NCO.
Provide the basis for personnel actions, school selection, and promotion.
F-8. HQDA, during deployments, mobilizations, or emergencies, may implement changes to the
evaluation policy. These changes may affect report periods, reasons for submission, processing procedures,
processing timeliness, use of counseling checklists, and appeals procedures. Units need to maintain
visibility and control of NCO evaluation reports to ensure timely submission of reports.
OFFICER EVALUATONS
F-9. The Officer Evaluation Report (OER) system evaluates and documents the performance of
officers (through the grade of MG). AR 623-105, Officer Evaluation Reporting System, provides policy
and procedural guidance for processing officer evaluation reports. The OER system is designed to:
Set objectives for the rated officer that support the organizations mission.
Review the rated officers objectives and update them to meet current needs.
Promote performancerelated counseling to develop subordinates to enhance the mission of the
organization.
Evaluate the officers performance.
Assess the rated officers potential.
F-10. HQDA, during deployments, mobilizations, or emergencies, may implement changes to the
evaluation policy. These changes may affect report periods, reasons for submission, processing procedures,
processing timeliness, use of counseling checklists, and appeals procedures. Units need to maintain
visibility and control of OERs to ensure timely submission of reports.
ENLISTED PROMOTIONS & REDUCTIONS

F-11. The Enlisted Promotions and Reductions system provides principles of support, standards of
service, policies, tasks, rules, and steps governing the promotion and reduction of enlisted personnel. AR
600-8-19, Enlisted Promotions and Reductions, provides policy and procedural guidance. The enlisted
promotions and reductions system is designed to:
Fill authorized enlisted spaces with the best-qualified Soldier available.
Provide career progression and rank that is in line with potential.
Preclude promoting a Soldier who is not productive or not best-qualified.

Appendix F
F-12. Promotions are made through a system of centralized, semi-centralized, and unit-level selections.
Reductions occur as a result of nonjudicial punishment, courts martial, and inefficiency proceedings.
OFFICER PROMOTIONS
F-13. The officer promotion system provides principles of support, standards of service, policies, tasks,
rules, and steps governing the promotion and reduction of officers. AR 600-8-29, Officer Promotions,
provides policy and procedural guidance. The officer promotion system is designed to:
Fill authorized vacancies with the best-qualified officer available.
Provide career progression and determine grade that is in line with potential.
Support the life cycle of professional development.
F-14. Promotions are made through a centralized system established by The Army G-1 for the active
component and the Army Reserve and are controlled by the various state Adjutant Generals in the Army
National Guard.
TRANSFER AND DISCHARGE

F-15. The Transfer and Discharge program provides a mechanism for the orderly administrative
separation, transfer or discharge (component/service) of Soldiers for a variety of reasons. AR 635-200,
Active Duty Enlisted Administrative Separation, provides policy and procedural guidance for enlisted
separations. AR 600-8-24, Officer Transfers and Discharges, provides policy and procedural guidance for
officer transfers and discharges. Title 10, United States Code, is the authority for voluntary and involuntary
officer transfers. It includes the release of Other Than Regular Army (OTRA) officers and the discharge of
Regular Army officers prior to the completion of their contractual obligation (both voluntary and
involuntary).
F-16. The Army separation policy promotes readiness by providing an orderly means to:
Judge suitability of personnel to serve in the Army on the basis of conduct and ability to meet
required standards of duty performance and discipline.
Achieve authorized force levels and grade distribution.
Provide for the orderly administrative separation of Soldiers.
ID CARDS
F-17. An Identification Card (ID) provides a means to identify personnel who are entitled to specific
DOD benefits and identify personnel who fall under the 1949 Articles of the Geneva Convention. Policy,
procedures, and the type of card to be issued is determined by AR 600-8-29, Identification Cards for
Members of the Armed Services, and AR 690-11, Use and Management of Civilian Personnel in Support
of Military Contingency Operations. Controlled Access Cards (CAC) ID cards have become the standard
for service member ID cards. ID cards are used to:
Identify Soldiers (active and retired), members of other services, and their family members.
Identify DOD civilians.
Identify DoD-recognized contractors and other essential civilians deploying with the force.
Identify EPWs.
Identify civilian noncombatants who have been authorized to accompany the force.
Provide a means to identify, control access, and track civilians (force protection/security).
Expedite access to stored, sharable personnel data.
F-18. ID cards are issued at brigade level, through the Div/Corps Special Troops Battalion S-1 section,
and at the R5 Platoon Headquarters.

LEAVES & PASSES

F-19. The Leave and Pass program promotes the maximum use of authorized absences to support
health, morale, motivation, and efficiency of Soldiers. AR 600-8-10, Leaves and Passes, provides policy,
procedures, and guidance for managing leaves and passes. Unit commanders and the S-1 are responsible
for managing leaves and passes.
F-20. Upon declaration of a national emergency by Executive Order of the President or upon declaration
of war by the Congress, the Secretary of the Army may suspend all leave for Soldiers.
OFFICER PROCUREMENT
F-21. The Officer procurement program seeks to obtain personnel of a high military potential, in the
right numbers, to meet the Armys authorized officer strength level. AR 135-100 Appointment of
Commissioned and Warrant Officers of the Army, and AR 601-100, Appointment of Commissioned and
Warrant Officers in the Regular Army, provide policy, procedures, and guidance for officer procurement in
the USAR and Regular Army. During wartime, the Secretary of the Army may authorize field commanders
to appoint officers to fill battlefield requirements. Officer procurement is managed by the Army G-1.
LINE OF DUTY
F-22. Line of Duty (LOD) investigations determine if a Soldiers or Army civilians disease, injury, or
death occurred in the LOD. AR 600-8-4, Line of Duty Policy, Procedures, and Investigations, provides
policy, procedures, and guidance for managing the LOD investigation process. LOD investigations protect
the interest of the Army and the individual, as finding may impact on entitlements to medical, dental, or
other benefits. The two types of LOD investigations are formal and informal. Informal investigations are
conducted when there is no indication of misconduct or negligence. Specific requirements for a formal
investigation are contained in AR 600-8-4.
F-23. The appointing authority for LOD investigations is the commander having Special Court Martial
Convening Authority (SPCMCA). Army G-1, provides guidance for LOD determinations for civilians.
F-24. LOD investigations are conducted promptly after disease, injury, or death occurs. The
Army/ASCC G-1 is responsible for managing the LOD program and ensuring LOD are conducted.
F-25. Timely LOD completion is exceptionally important for injured reserve component Soldiers
serving on active duty, to document injury, disease or wounds suffered prior to demobilization.
PERSONNEL RECORDS MAINTENANCE

F-26. Personnel Records Maintenance is recording personnel information on individuals. Recording of
personnel information is required to track promotions, assignments, military education, awards, emergency
notification, and other actions or entitlements. Under PSDR, Battalion and Brigade/BCT S-1 sections will
perform the majority of all records updates.
F-27. Updates or changes to personnel records are made by HR professionals at all levels of command.
Selected personal information updates can be made by individuals providing the information does not
require verification.
MILITARY PAY TRANSACTIONS

Appendix F
F-28. Military pay transactions define military pay entitlements for Soldiers. As the Army transforms,
military pay will become an integrated and embedded process within the HR architecture once a PERPAY
HR system (DIMHRS) is fielded. For Future Force units, HR professionals, at Battalion and brigade level,
are the central link between Soldiers and changes to military pay entitlements.
PERSONNEL ACTIONS
F-29. Personnel Actions are those actions impacting on a Soldiers assignment, military schooling,
training, citizenship, naturalization, reenlistment, or other request requiring a Commanders approval or
disapproval. Personnel actions are initiated by the Soldier accessing a web-based system, requesting the
specific action, and submitting the automated request to the chain of command.

*FM 1-0 (FM 12-6)
Appendix G
Postal Operations
The mission of the military postal system is to operate as an extension of the United
States Postal Service (USPS) consistent with public law and federal regulations
beyond the boundaries of US sovereignty and shall provide postal services for all
DOD personnel where there is no USPS available. The Military Postal System (MPS)
provides efficient postal services to authorized personnel and activities overseas
during normal and contingency operations. Organizations and personnel authorized
the use of the MPS will not serve as intermediaries for any person or organizations
not specifically authorized such service.
Few things impact a unit's morale more than mail. Letters are not left behind on a
nightstand or on a cot when Soldiers go into battle. They are taken along and read over and
over. A small piece of correspondence from home means the world to these brave young
men and women who fight for freedom.
Brigadier General Sean J. Byrne
Commander, 3rd PERSCOM
REFERENCES
G-1. The following references address postal policy, procedures, and guidance throughout the postal
network:
DoD 4525.6-M, DoD Postal Manual
DoD 4525.6-C, DoD Postal Supply and Equipment Catalog
DoD 4525-6-STD, Transit Time Information Standard System for Military Mail
DoD Directive 4525.6, Single Manager for Military Postal Service
DoD Directive 5200.33, Defense Courier Service (DCS)
DoD Directive 8320. 1, DoD Data Administration
DoD Directive 8910.1, Management and Control of Information Requirements
AR 600-8-3, Unit Postal Operations
Title 10, United States Code, Armed Forces
Title 31, United States Code, Money and Finance
Title 39, United States Code, Postal Service
Title 32, Code of Federal Regulations, National Defense
Title 49, Code of Federal Regulations, Transportation
USPS Domestic Mail Manual (DMM) and International Mail Manual (IMM)
USPS Publication 38, Department of Defense and USPS Postal Agreement
USPS Transportation Handbook Series T-7, Handling, Dispatching, and Transporting Military
Mail by Air
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 G-1

Appendix G
PROPONENCY
G-2. The Army functional proponent for the postal operations management system is The Adjutant
General Directorate, U.S. Army Human Resources Command (HRC). The Adjutant General (TAG) is, the
Executive Director for the Military Postal Service Agency (MPSA). MPSA is the Department of Defense
(DOD) Executive Agent for military mail for all service components.
G-3. DoD Manual 4525.6-M, DoD Postal Manual and AR 600-8-3, Unit Postal Operations, provides
mandatory policy and procedural guidance for postal operations management during military operations.
Statutory requirements are found in United States Code and Code of Federal Regulations listed by topic in
the above references.
RESPONSIBLITIES
G-4. The units and agencies in the following paragraphs have critical roles during various stages of the
deployment, sustainment, and redeployment process in establishing, executing, and managing Military
Postal System support for deployed forces.
Figure G-1. Postal Operations Responsibilities
G-2 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

Postal Operations
MAIL CLERKS
G-5. Unit Mail Clerks (UMC) are appointed in writing by unit commanders and are key to ensuring
that all letters and parcels are properly and expeditiously delivered to the supported populations. They
assume a great deal of responsibility, and are faced with daily ethical and legal decisions in providing
addressee mail delivery. They must possess strong character and good judgment and must perform all
duties IAW Army Values (Qualifications must be IAW DoD 4525.6-M and AR 600-8-3). Unit mail clerks
do not require an F5 Additional Skill Identifier (ASI), but they are required to carry a valid DD Form-285
(Appointment of Military Postal Clerk, Unit Mail Clerk or Mail Orderly) and should be a 42L or 42A,
when that MOS is available.
Receive mail from servicing APOs normally sorted to unit level
Deliver mail to addressees
Collect all mail from unit personnel; provide unit mail room level of sorting as prescribed in
governing regulations; and transport it to the servicing postal services platoon, APO, terminal,
etc. via the Mail Delivery Points (MDP.
Forward pro-grade mail to the supporting postal platoon/mail delivery point separated by
outgoing and intra-theater (local) military mail
Ensure that all mail is safeguarded and handled without exception IAW DoD postal regulations
Coordinate with the S-1 to maintain an accountability roster of unit Soldiers (by location) to
ensure efficient mail redirect for Soldiers who become casualties or change location
Establish and maintain DD-3955(s) (Directory Card) either in hard copy or electronically, on all
supported unit personnel. Routinely update directory cards through coordination with supported
units and agencies. Provide this information to the servicing APO
Appropriately process and label redirect and casualty mail to the supporting postal platoon for
forwarding
Deliver accountable mail to the addressee IAW DoD postal regulations
Immediately report any postal problems to the unit postal officer, commander and/or S-1. Be
familiar with suspicious (i.e. explosive, bio-terrorist) profiles and be knowledgeable of SOPs in
the event suspicious mail is identified

G-6. The Battalion S-1 develops and coordinates a postal operations plan for assigned and attached
units within the Battalion AO by performing the following critical tasks:
Appointed in writing as the unit postal officer by the BN commander
Coordinate with the Brigade/BCT S-1 for mail support within the designated area of operations
Supervise all subordinate unit mail operations
Coordinate with all subordinate units/ individuals for establishment of mail pick up at the
designated unit mail rooms (UMR)/ consolidated mail rooms (CMR)
Collect and route daily retro-grade mail received by unit mail clerks to the supporting postal
platoon
Coordinate with the S-4 for transportation support for mail pick up at the servicing APO
Ensure that mail clerks are appointed, trained, and certified by the supporting APO and can
execute mail handling duties IAW AR 600-8-3 and DOD 4525.6-M
Allow sufficient time for UMCs to perform daily UMR/CMRs functions
Inform the ACofS G-1 and supporting postal units, through the Brigade/BCT S-1 of all
individual/unit additions and deletions for routine update of the unit directory system
Collect and forward mail for wounded, deceased, or missing Soldiers and civilians to the
supporting APO for further processing

Appendix G
Coordinate with the Brigade/BCT S-6, Official Mail Manager, and Brigade/BCT S-1 for
handling of official mail
Investigate and reconcile any problems within the Battalion hindering the delivery of mail.
Establish and execute an internal UMR/CMR Inspection Program IAW the DOD 4526.6-M and
AR 600-8
Immediately report any postal problems to the Unit Postal Officer and/or Commander and
Brigade/BCT S-1. Be familiar with suspicious (i.e. explosive, bio-terrorist) profiles, and be
knowledgeable of what to do in the event suspicious mail is identified

G-7. The Brigade/BCT S-1 develops and coordinates a postal operations plan for assigned and attached
units within the brigade by performing the following critical tasks:
Establish, manage and support all Brigade/BCT mail operations in coordination with
subordinate Battalion S-1s. (In cases where a Brigade/BCT establishes a UMR/CMR, mail
operations/procedures will be performed similar to the BN S-1)
Provide the Division G-1 with grid coordinates or geographical location for the daily MDP and
alternate MDPs for the Brigade
Coordinate with the Division G-1 and G-6 (Official Mail Manager) for the handling of official
mail in coordination with the Brigade/BCT S-6 (OMM)
Ensure that unit mail clerks handle all mail IAW all postal regulations
Coordinate with the Division G-1 and/or supporting postal platoon to provide postal finance
services for units/ activities at remote locations
Coordinate with the supporting APO for establishment and execution of routine Postal
Assistance Visits for all subordinate UMRs/CMRs
Investigate reconcile any problems and congressional inquiries within the Brigade/BCT
hindering the delivery of mail to Soldiers/ units in a timely manner
DIVISION / CORPS G-1

G-8. The Division/Corps G-1 provides policy guidance for mail operations. The G-1, in coordination
with the supporting Sustainment Brigade HROC, develops and coordinates postal operations plans for all
assigned and attached units within the Division/Corps by performing the following critical tasks:
Ensure postal operations are included in all plans and OPORDs as required
Coordinate with higher headquarters to ensure the required numbers of postal units or teams are
made available to support the deployed force
Reconcile problems between the Sustainment Brigade HROC, postal units, transportation units,
and units served with Army/ASCC G-1 and HRSC Postal Operations Division
Maintain operational awareness of postal operations within the AOR
Coordinate with the Army/ASCC G-1 to communicate the Division/Corps commanders
guidance on all mail operations
Coordinate with the Division/Corps G-6 (Official Mail Manager-OMM) for the handling of
official mail in coordination with the OMM
Maintain a list of Brigade/BCT mail delivery points (MDPs)
MILITARY MAIL TERMINAL (MMT)

Postal Operations
G-9. Military Mail Terminal provides postal support to an Area of Operations by: coordinating,
receiving, processing incoming mail, and dispatching outgoing mail as described in the Battlefield Flow
section (G-32). Responsibilities of the MMT include:
Establish the Army component of a Joint Military Mail Terminal in conjunction with other
services or an MMT in a single service environment
Control mail movement within the AOR and throughout the AO
Provides specialized postal expertise and experience and limited augmentation manpower
Provides all technical direction to the HR-Postal Company Commander operating at the MMT
Provides integrated, accurate and timely processing and distribution of all mail arriving in the
AO.
Establish a Casualty Mail section to provide casualty mail services to AOR
Coordinate with HRSC and MPOs to resolve mail dispatching and transportation problems
Distribute mail to HR (Postal) Companies providing area support, or as the tactical situation
directs, direct to postal platoons depending on the size of the supported force
Serve as a collection point and routing agency for all retrograde mail coming from within the
AOR
HRSC POSTAL OPERATIONS DIVISION

G-10. The HRSC Postal Operations Division assists the HRSC Director and the Army/ASCC G-1 in
matters of postal management within the AOR and for performing the following critical functions:
Ensure the manning and operation of MMTs and Mail Control Activities (MCAs) in
coordination with Single Service Manager and/or theater Air Force Postal Representative
Establish and operate an AOR locator system and redirect services
Coordinate AOR level mail transportation support for mail movement to and from all necessary
locations within postal platoon(s) AO within the TSC/ESC Distribution Management Center
(SPO)
Implement AOR postal policies and procedures
Establish and monitor procedures for casualty mail operations
Determine the location and function of AOR postal units
Coordinate the AOR EPW mail plan, and monitor its execution IAW the Geneva Convention
Coordinate with the Unified Commander to request and ensure appropriate MPS resources (i.e.
Host Nation Support, Transportation, Facilities, Equipment, etc.) are assigned for the execution
of postal responsibilities in AOR
Provide unit mail routing information to the servicing Joint Military Postal Activity (JMPA)
Consult with JMPA to develop mail routing instructions and procedures for optimum mail
delivery in theater
Employ, establish, and develop suspect mail procedures. Ensure MPS personnel at all levels are
knowledgeable of policies, procedures, and guidance IAW suspect mail incidents
Collect postal statistical and historical workload information from postal units to identify trends,
inefficiencies and improve postal network services
Coordinate for AOR level postal supplies and equipment
Appoint the AOR Postal Finance Officer (PFO) and coordinate with all AOR COPEs to
establish postal finance policies, procedures and support
Conduct Postal Inspections/ Audits
ARMY/ASCC G-1
G-11. The responsibilities of the Army/ASCC G-1s are the following:

Appendix G
Coordinate with other service components to develop contingency plans to ensure appropriate
postal support for US, joint, allied and coalition forces and authorized personnel within an AOR
Request contingency Army Post Office (APO) activation/ deactivation from MPSA in
coordination with deploying command G-1s and other MACOMs
Develop theater postal policies and procedures
Provide resources to perform the MPS mission throughout the AOR
Maintain liaison with host-nation agencies
Ensure postal irregularities and postal offenses are reported to the appropriate levels
Identify deficiencies in the postal operating systems and take appropriate corrective actions with
corresponding agency
Develop procedures for addressing customer complaints, inquiries and suggestions
MILITARY POSTAL SERVICE AGENCY (MPSA)

G-12. The responsibilities of the MPSA are as follows:
Establish policy and procedures required for proper administration of the MPS
Act as the single DOD point of contact with the USPS and other government agencies on MPS
policy and operational matters
Activate/deactivate contingency APOs in coordination with MACOMs and service components.
Coordinate initial mail routing schemes with the JMPA(s)
Coordinate an Integrated network of major military mail distribution and transportation facilities
in overseas areas
Establish and maintain liaison with the DOD transportation operating agencies
Provide military postal transportation planning support to DOD components in support of the
plans of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) and other military operations
JOINT MILITARY POSTAL AGENCY (JMPA)

G-13. The responsibilities of the JMPA are as follows:
Act as a single point of contact with USPS at the postal gateways
Coordinate transportation of mail in the host nation
Coordinate mail movement transportation needs with commercial carriers and the military Air
Mobility Command (AMC)
Coordinate mail routing scheme changes with postal gateways and maintain the Military Zip
Code database for the automated dispatch of mail
Coordinate Postal Supply Equipment Requests
Provide major commands and Military Department Postal Representative with information on
mail processing and irregularities
Assist the U.S. Postal Inspection Service when requested in matters relating to the processing,
distribution, dispatch and transportation of military mail
PRINCIPLES OF POSTAL OPERATIONS

FINANCE SERVICES
G-14. Postal platoons provide customer service for postal finance support consistent with the
commander's mail policies. These services include money order and postage stamp sales, special services,
and package mailing. Postal platoons may provide Soldiers and civilians finance services within Battalion
and brigade support areas, when coordinated with supporting HR (Postal) Companies. Services are
provided a minimum of 5 days of week at consolidated locations, and as often as the tactical situation and

Postal Operations
manning level allows at outlying locations, and can be increased or decreased based on command
directives and METT-TC.
G-15. Units will coordinate with the postal platoon leader to provide limited mobile postal finance
services to units or teams not located near the main servicing postal platoon. The medical treatment facility
(MTF) commander coordinates with the postal platoon in its area to provide the MTF with necessary postal
finance services to patients.
PERSONAL MAIL
G-16. Personal mail is that mail addressed to individual Soldiers and civilians. Postal platoons receive,
sort and dispatch personal mail to appointed unit mail clerks/ mail orderlies. Personal mail pick by unit
mail clerks/ orderlies is accomplished daily or as directed by unit commanders IAW METT-TC.
G-17. Unit mail clerks/ orderlies coordinate with the servicing postal platoon on unit/ personnel status
changes for mail delivery.
OFFICIAL MAIL
G-18. Official mail is that mail addressed to or originating from military or other governmental
organizations. Official mail is moved through the military postal system until it reaches the postal platoon
of the unit addressed. Official mail is delivered from the postal platoon to the Official Mail Manager Unit
Mail Clerk, who then delivers to the addressee or agent through official mail distribution channels, a Signal
Corps responsibility. Official mail is addressed in FM 11-45, Signal Support to Theater of Operations and
AR 25-51, Official Mail and Distribution Management.
ACCOUNTABLE MAIL
G-19. Accountable mail is registered, numbered insured, un-number insured, certified, Return Receipt
for Merchandise or Express Military Mail Service (EMMS). Postal platoons receive, sort and dispatch
personal mail to appointed unit mail clerks/ mail orderlies. Personal mail pick by unit mail clerks/ orderlies
is accomplished daily or as directed by unit commanders IAW METT-TC.
G-20. Unit mail clerks/ orderlies will ensure accountable mail is properly secured IAW DoD 4525.6-M.
Undeliverable accountable mail must be returned to the servicing APO the following day with the
appropriate endorsements.
REDIRECT SERVICES
G-21. The postal network provides personal, official and accountable mail redirect service starting at the
unit mail clerk level. There are two forms of redirect services: Soldier redirect and unit redirect. Soldier
redirect applies to individual pieces of mail requiring directory service prior to processing. This includes
mail for individual Soldiers who have changed units or locations or have been separated from the unit. The
unit redirect function involves redirecting bags, trays, or pallets of mail because of task organization
changes, unit relocation, or unit redeployment.
G-22. Redirect services depend on the AOR postal policy and the tactical situation. All postal platoons
provide redirect services. A designated postal platoon(s) provides ASCC level redirect services. The corps
level postal platoon(s) provides the primary redirect services for the corps. Postal platoons handle redirect
of unit mail within their supported area of operation. The HRSC Postal Operations Division, and ESC HR
Operations Cell provide personnel and unit assignment and location information in automated form to all
postal platoons.

Appendix G
CONTAMINATED / SUSPICIOUS MAIL

G-23. The postal network must develop and implement an SOP for handling and processing
contaminated/suspicious mail IAW postal regulations. Contamination may consist of nuclear, biological, or
chemical agents. Suspicious mail may include conventional explosives or contraband. The postal network
screens for contaminated/ suspicious mail and stops the mail flow when it is discovered. It separates
contaminated/ suspicious mail , evacuate the post office and immediately notifies the servicing military
police (MPs)/ Explosive Ordinance Disposal unit or provost marshal. Postal Officers are also responsible
for notifying their chain of command and HRSC Postal Operations Division of the incident. The MPs
decontaminate the mail, if possible, and return it to the postal network. If decontamination is not possible,
they destroy the mail under appropriate postal supervision.
CASUALTY MAIL
G-24. Casualty mail processing requires special attention. This is essential to prevent premature casualty
information disclosure and mail return before notification of the next of kin.
G-25. In accordance with DOD 4525.6-M unit mail clerks will return all undelivered casualty mail
without any endorsements to the servicing postal platoon as soon as possible. The postal platoon(s) will
coordinate and verify casualty information with the area casualty section, make appropriate endorsements
IAW DOD 4525.6-M, then forward the mail to the theater casualty mail section at the MMT for final
processing.
ENEMY PRISONER OF WAR (EPW) MAIL

G-26. The Geneva Convention, relative to the treatment of prisoners of war, identifies the need for EPW
mail operations. TC 27-10-2, Prisoners of War, Chapter 2, addresses EPW mail.
G-27. The Army/G-1 will coordinate with the Provost Marshal, an appropriate international neutral
agency, and an American neutral agency to assess EPW mail requirements. The Army/ASCC G-1 will
identify the postal platoon(s) to handle EPW mail.
FREE MAIL
G-28. The Combatant Commander may request through MPSA to the Secretary of Defense free mail
services during a specific operation. Free mail must originate from a free mail area designated by the
President or Secretary of Defense or from any Armed Forces medical facility. Free mail is limited to letter
mail, sound or video-recorded communications having characteristics of personal correspondence and
addressed to a location within the delivery limits of the USPS and MPS. Free Mail privileges do not apply
to mail delivered by a foreign postal administration. In accordance with the National Defense
Authorization Act of 30 November 1993, this privilege is extended to civilians, DOD employees, and DOD
contractor employees who are essential to and directly supporting the military operation, as determined by
the Combatant Commander. Routine analysis of the Free Mail program by the combatant command is
required to determine continued use and validity.
INTERNATIONAL MAIL
G-29. The HRSC Postal Operations Division will assess the needs for international mail exchange
within the theater of operation and identify the postal platoon to conduct that mission. All requests for pro
grade mail support for coalition forces will be submitted by the Army/ASCC to the combatant command.
Additional security measures should be implemented to safeguard against hazardous materials entering the
Military Postal System.

Postal Operations
G-30. International mail is discussed in the following: DOD Directive 4525.6-M, and the individual
country listings (ICL) of the USPS International Mail Manual.
HOST NATION POSTAL SUPPORT

G-31. If supported by the host nation, this support can be a critical element of the postal support
structure. It frees the military/ civilian postal personnel for more critical duties. Host nation personnel can
be military or civilian, and they can handle all mail classes except registered mail (domestic or official).
Postal unit commanders must indoctrinate Soldiers supervising host nation personnel in the customs,
language, religion, and political conditions of the area of operations.
BATTLEFIELD FLOW
G-32. Prior to deployment, the Army/ASCC G-1 must determine the initial postal support requirements
in coordination with the Combatant Command, other service components, and the supporting HRSC of the
Theater Sustainment Command. In determining the requirements, the Army/ASCC G-1 must consider the
infrastructure in the area of operations, deployment timing, force composition, and expected deployment
duration. From operational analysis, the Army/ASCCG-1 will determine what postal unit structure will be
necessary to support the operation and where to place the AOR MMT within the AOR. The normal postal
unit requirement for supporting a deployed force is one MMT per inter-theater APOD receiving bulk mail,
and a postal platoon providing postal finance services support for up to 6,000 Soldiers and civilians, and a
HR company headquarters with a postal team for every two to six postal platoons. Depending on the scope
and expected duration of an operation, postal platoons and / or HR (Postal) Companies must deploy with
the main body of combat forces. A trained and fully equipped postal unit requires a minimum of 48 hours
to establish postal operations. Postal units must be established prior to the movement of mail in or out of
the AOR. All METT-TC considerations must be addressed.
G-33. To support force deployment, the Military Postal Service Agency (MPSA), in coordination with
the United States Postal Service (USPS) and operational MACOMs, assigns APO numbers to contingency
forces. The MACOM provides the contingency APO numbers to deploying personnel at least 24 hours
prior to deployment if no permanent contingency APO numbers for the unit if no APO have not been
assigned. The establishment of contingency APO numbers will enable the USPS to sort mail to brigade
level. However, mail for a contingency operation will not be sorted or packaged for shipment until MPSA
coordinates the activation of specified APOs with the USPS. The MPSA also coordinates with the JMPA
for mail transportation from CONUS to the JOA. During contingency operations intra/ inter- theater mail
may be transported by commercial, contract, or military ground, sea, rail, and air transportation segments.

Appendix G
Figure G-2. Theater Postal Operations
G-10 FM 1-0 21 February 2007
Postal Operations
Figure G-3. Theater Postal Flow

G-34. Upon notification from MPSA, the USPS will sort and package mail, in time of war or emergency
as determined by the Secretary of Defense. The Postal Service agrees to:
Allow the department of defense to control ZIP Code assignment to all military units
Specify jointly with the MPSA the sorting of mail for overseas force
G-35. The HR (postal) Company and subordinate postal platoons located at the military mail terminal
will receive the mail; distribute the mail to HR (Postal) companies supporting subordinate Corps and
Division units, or postal platoons supporting subordinate Brigade/BCTs depending upon the size of the
supported force. The postal platoon(s) receives mail dispatched from the MMT, sorts it by supported units,
and prepares it for dispatch to designated mail delivery points. The company and / or Battalion mail clerks
pick up mail from the MDP and coordinates delivery to addressees. Mail clerks coordinate collection of
retrograde mail from unit Soldiers and deliver it daily to the MDP at the same time as pick-up of unit mail.
The same transportation used to deliver mail to MDPs transports retrograde mail in reverse through the
postal network.
G-36. The standard for JOA is unrestricted mail service, except for restrictions imposed by host nation.
During the early stages of a contingency operation, it may be advisable for the commander to use the (X
Restriction) for personal mail, cassette tapes, post cards, and / or first class letters weighing more than 13
ounces. The commander may lift restrictions and permit parcels as the JOA matures, more postal personnel
become available, and the theater ground transportation and airlift logistical systems mature.
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 G-11

Appendix G
G-37. It is important to note that the organic transportation assets within postal units are structured to
move assigned personnel and equipment, not JOA mail. The postal operations management network must
coordinate all inbound and outbound mail transportation requirements with transportation managers at each
level of command, from the MMT to the Brigade/BCT MDP. Ultimately, effective mail movement will
require assured military, contracted, and / or host nation transportation support. The standard mail delivery
time from CONUS to the JOA MMT is 14 days contingent upon a developed transportation network and
METT-TC.
G-38. The postal operations management system also requires an information support module, which
provides interface with EHRS/DIMHRS, DTAS and the Automated Postal System (AMPS). This module
must support unit mail relocation, unit reassignment, and individual reassignment from one unit to another.
The use of EHRS/DIHMRS, DTAS and AMPS along with other postal directory systems/software must
assist postal teams and platoons with individual and unit mail redirect services.
G-12 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

*FM 1-0 (FM 12-6)
Appendix H
Morale, Welfare, and Recreation (MWR) and Community
Support
Soldiers are entitled to the same quality of life as is afforded the society they are
pledged to defend. The mission of the MWR program is to improve unit readiness by
promoting fitness, building morale and cohesion, enhancing quality of life, and
providing recreational, social, and other support services for Soldiers, civilians, and
their families.
"The Army is not made of people; the Army is people. By people I do not mean personnel. I mean living,
breathinghuman beings. They have needs and interests and desires. They have spirit and will, strengths and
abilities. They are the heart of our preparedness, and this preparednessdepends upon the spirit of our
Soldiers. It is the spirit that gives the Armylife. Without it we cannot succeed."
General Creighton Abrams

Chief of Staff, United States Army
REFERENCES
H-1. The following regulations provide policy and procedural guidance for MWR and community
support.
AR 60-10, Army and Air Force Exchange Service General Policies
AR 60-20, Army and Air Force Exchange Operating Policies
AR 215-1, Morale, Welfare and Recreation (MWR) Activities and Nonappropriated Fund
Instrumentalities
AR 215-3, Nonappropriated Funds Personnel Policy
AR 215-4, Nonappropriated Fund Contracting
AR 600-20, Army Command Policy
AR 608-1, Army Community Service Center
AR 608-10, Child Development Services
AR 608-18, The Army Family Advocacy Program
AR 930-4, Army Emergency Relief
AR 930-5, American National Red Cross Service Program and Army Utilization
Memorandum, Morale, Welfare and Recreation Unit Fund Support to Deployed Troops
NGR 600-12, The National Guard Family Program
USARC Reg 608-1, Family Readiness Handbook
Commanders Guide to AAFES Tactical Exchange Support
Unit Guide to AAFES Imprest Fund Activity Operations
PROPONENCY
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 H-1

Appendix H
H-2. The functional proponent for MWR and community support is the US Army Community and
Family Support Center (CFSC). Other agencies managing programs established to support military
personnel, family members and eligible civilian personnel include the Army and Air Force Exchange
Service (AAFES) and the American Red Cross (ARC).
*Note: Division and Corps may also serve as the ARFOR. In these cases, the senior
HR element of these organizations performs theater personnel management functions.
Figure H-1. MWR Responsibilities
RESPONSIBLITIES
H-3. Commanders at all levels are responsible for the MWR support and family support/readiness
provided for their Soldiers and civilians. MWR programs are found at all echelons on the battlefield and in
all scenarios. MWR requirements are based on the combat environment and availability of resources.
Battalions and below self-administer their programs using their command appointed unit Athletic and
Recreation (A&R) officers / NCOs; brigades and above assist all subordinate units in planning and
executing their MWR programs. MWR programs involve both managing programs such as recreation
activities and monitoring or coordinating morale-related programs such as exchange services. The
following paragraphs address the relationship between key players and other staff elements in MWR.
H-2 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

Morale, Welfare, and Recreation (MWR) and Community Support
COMPANY / BATTALION
H-4. The Battalion S-1/ A&R officer/NCO (additional duty for military) has the following MWR
responsibilities:
Coordinate with the Battalion S-4 to ensure that Soldiers and civilians deploy with a 30-day
supply of health and comfort packs (HCPs)
Determine the type and quantity of HCPs carried by individual Soldiers
Plan for unit MWR programs prior to deployment
Requisition book kits at the sustaining base or mobilization station
Ensure units include MWR equipment, to include unit level recreation kit(s), and book kits in
their basic load plans
Appoint unit A&R officers/NCOs(military) to coordinate MWR programs and maintain
equipment
Plan for AAFES Imprest Fund Activities (AIFA) that may be established and operated by unit
personnel
Schedule Soldiers and civilians for R&R periods based on allocations established by
Brigade/BCT
Coordinate establishment and operation of Soldier activity centers, recreation activities,
exchanges, and unit lounges
Coordinate unit programs to include acquisition, use, and maintenance of equipment/supplies
Coordinate the unit Family Readiness programs and policies
Ensure that unit commanders appoint Family Readiness liaison personnel as an additional duty
(AR 600-20, pp 5-10)
Ensure that unit commanders establish Family Readiness Groups
BRIGADE/BCT S-1
H-5. The Brigade/BCT S-1 staff facilitates and coordinates MWR programs. The Brigade/BCT S-1 has
the following MWR responsibilities:
Ensure commanders appoint A&R officers at Battalion and company level as an additional duty
Plan for Tactical Field Exchanges (TFEs) that are established and operated by commands using
unit personnel
Plan for AIFAs that may be established and operated by unit personnel
Plan for Direct Operation Exchange-Tactical (DOX-Ts) operations established and operated by
AAFES personnel in a secure environment
Plan for MWR service level kits
Schedule Soldiers and civilians for R&R periods based on allocations provided by
Division/Corps G-1
Schedule unit personnel and civilians for rest area utilization and pass programs, as applicable
Coordinate establishment and operation of activity centers, recreation activities, exchanges, and
unit lounges for Soldiers and all other assigned personnel
Coordinate unit athletic and recreation programs to include acquisition, use, and maintenance of
equipment/supplies
Ensure that commanders appoint Family Readiness personnel at the Battalion and company
level as an additional duty
DIVISION
H-6. The Division G-1 has the following MWR responsibilities:

Appendix H
Coordinate with the G-4 to ensure Small Unit Recreation Kits and MWR service level kits are
included in load plans
Plan for Tactical Field Exchanges (TFEs) that are established and operated by commands using
unit personnel
Plan for AIFAs that may be established and operated by unit personnel.
Plan for Direct Operation Exchange-Tactical (DOX-Ts) operations established and operated by
AAFES personnel in a secure environment (Dependent on METT-TC)
Schedule unit personnel and civilians for rest area utilization and Pass Programs, as applicable
Request and plan transportation for a 30-day supply of book kits from USACFSC / ACSIM
Coordinate the distribution of MWR service level kits
Coordinate delivery of health and comfort packs (HCPs) with the S4/G-4 to individuals and
units operating without exchange facilities
Coordinate corps/AOR-provided rest facilities in the division area
Serve as liaison with ASCC and assist units in MWR planning operations, training, and logistics
Coordinate Army Band activities
Coordinate support for American Red Cross
Establish division policy, and coordinate support to include MWR and transportation
Coordinate establishment and operation of brigade-and Battalion-level Soldier activity areas
and unit lounges
Coordinate MWR support team activities. Coordinate family assistance and communication with
rear detachments
CORPS
H-7. The Corps G-1 has the following MWR responsibilities:
Assist Divisions and below in establishing MWR programs, operating unit lounges and
exchange facilities, acquiring and transporting equipment/supplies, and accounting for
equipment and monies
Plan for Tactical Field Exchanges (TFEs) that are established and operated by commands
using unit personnel
Plan for AIFAs that may be established and operated by unit personnel.
Plan for Direct Operation Exchange-Tactical (DOX-Ts) operations established and operated
by AAFES personnel in a secure environment (Dependent on METT-TC)
Request Name Brand Fast Food (NBFF) and services (concession) operations support, i.e.
barber shop, alterations, gift shops, new car sales, etc. , as the OPTEMPO permits
Establish in-AOR rest areas.
Request and plan transportation for a 30-day supply of book kits from USACFSC /ACSIM
Support self-administered activities in division-size and smaller units
Establish MWR policy and monitor/support corps-level MWR programs for divisional and
non-divisional units in the corps area
Establish Corps rest areas; assist subordinate commands in operating activity centers and
lounges; and coordinate MWR services with replacement and reconstitution operations
Coordinate training, to include CONUS Replacement Center processing, for MWR program
personnel through the MACOMs or theater
Request MWR personnel to assist subordinate commands in planning and assisting in MWR
tasks
ARMY/ASCC

H-8. The Army/ASCC G-1 has the following MWR responsibilities:

Coordinate, develop, and manage MWR programs
Plan for deployment of civilian MWR Emergency Essential Civilian (EEC) personnel
In coordination with USACFSC/ACSIM, G-4, and MACOMs of deploying units, prepare plans
to support the Army/ASCC with MWR manpower, materiel, and other assistance needed
Prepare Army/ASCC MWR policies and procedures and the base of operations to support units,
Soldiers, and civilians
Establish in-AOR pass program or AOR rest area
Coordinate with other military services for joint recreational operations
MWR, to include AAFES, equipment and supplies will be shipped through normal G-4
channels or commercial methods as determined by the ASCC Commander
Coordinate with USACFSC/ACSIM, and MACOMs for assistance and support to requisition
and transport MWR equipment and supplies
Coordinate for assistance and support to transport AAFES equipment and supplies at the
equivalent security level as military convoys
Establish a system to allocate, distribute, and maintain MWR equipment
Establish a network for distribution and rotation of films and videotapes from AAFES or other
services
Coordinate with Armed Forces Entertainment/USACFSC for live entertainment for Soldiers and
civilians in AOR. Establish policy on volunteer or contracted live entertainment
Develop plans and policies for the establishment and support of unit lounge activities
With assistance from USACFSC/ACSIM, and G-4, arrange a system for procuring, transporting,
accounting, training, and providing technical assistance to subordinate units
With assistance from USACFSC/ACSIM, establish policy and develop an operational support
system for club operations
With assistance from AAFES and the Army/ASCC G-4, plan for manning and support for
Exchange sales, NBFF, services and troop-supported TFEs or DOX-T operations
Support self-administered activities in Division-size and smaller units
Coordinate the supply and distribution of HCPs in the theater
Coordinate transportation for MWR kits
Coordinate Postal Operations support for shipment of book kits and reading materials.
Monitor reading material availability in the theater
INSTALLATION MANAGEMENT AGENCY

H-9. Installation/sustaining base commanders maintain MWR, ARC, family support/readiness, child
and youth services and exchange activities at home station. Activities are based on the needs of the
particular community served. They are available to military personnel and their families and usually to
civilians and their families. During wartime and full spectrum operations, installation staff must be
cognizant of population fluctuations and be prepared to provide expanded services. The requirement for
service for the families of deployed Soldiers and reserve Soldiers and their families back-filling the
installation may quickly stress MWR and family programs.
H-10. Prior to and during deployment, the installation Director of Personnel and Community
Activities/Director Community Activities (DPCA/DCA) is responsible for:
Assist S-1/G-1 in procurement and transportation of MWR equipment and supplies included in
operations plan and lift plans

Appendix H
Train A&R officers/NCOs in MWR procedures and functions so that execution of MWR
services are available during initial deployment
The Director of Personnel and Community Activities/ Director of Morale, Welfare and
Recreation (DPCA/DMWR) will ensure MWR emergency essential civilians (EECs) have been
identified. Plans for backfill of designated EEC positions will be in place. Once notified for
deployment, DPCA/DMWR will assist deploying MWR EEC with preparations for deployment
H-11. The position of the designated MWR EEC can be temporarily filled during the length of the
deployment. Funds for backfill are installation responsibility. The Combatant Commander is responsible
for reimbursing salaries of EEC personnel thru operational funding.
PRINCIPLES OF MORALE, WELFARE, AND RECREATION

SUPPORT
MORALE, WELFARE, AND RECREATION
H-12. During peacetime, the scope of MWR includes sports activities, recreation centers, libraries,
family programs, child and youth services, clubs, bowling centers, golf centers, outdoor recreation, arts and
crafts, auto skills centers, and entertainment. During full spectrum operations, the MWR network provides
services to the AOR. These services are in the form of unit recreation, library book kits, sports programs,
and rest areas at brigade level and higher. These activities and services are staffed by military or civilian
MWR EEC personnel for program oversight. The Army/ASCC commander through the World Wide
Individual Augmentation System (WIAS) requests MWR EEC personnel to fill critical billets in the AO.
Tasking is sent through G-3 to the Installation Management Agency (IMA) HQ for fill from the roster of
pre-designated MWR EEC personnel. MWR EECs deploy for up to 179 days. Extended duration MWR
personnel support may be provided by limited tenure MWR personnel. The MWR network also provides
facilities such as recreation centers, internet cafs and activity centers for deployed personnel that house a
number of MWR functions. The facilities provided by the MWR network depend on the ASCC/corps
command policies and the operational/tactical situation.
AMERICAN RED CROSS (ARC)

H-13. The ARC consistently delivers essential Red Cross services to active duty military, National
Guard, reservists, Army civilians, and their families worldwide in order to assist them in preventing,
preparing for, and coping with emergency situations. The ARC provides services such as emergency
messages, i.e. deaths and births, as well as comfort kits in the deployed environment.
H-14. All requests for ARC personnel to accompany U.S. Forces into the JOA must be forwarded to the
U.S. Army Community and Family Support Center, Directorate of Family Programs (USACFSC-FP), the
DOD executive agent for the deployment of ARC personnel during these situations. USACFSC-FP is
responsible for coordinating and securing support for ARC personnel to support military operations,
managing and monitoring military support to the ARC, funding travel to and from the AOR for ARC
personnel, and coordinating and preparing ARC personnel for deployment and return. The ARC national
headquarters is responsible for supplying the staff and managing and monitoring ARC operations in the
field.
H-15. A designated ARC representative will be involved with the U.S. Army Community and Family
Support Center (USACFSC), the appropriate military command, and the ARC national headquarters in
contingency planning to ensure proper coordination and clarification of requirements. In the JOA,
coordination for Red Cross support (logistical and life support) falls under the G-1. ARC representatives
are available at division and higher levels to assist with family emergencies and emergency communication
between family members and deployed personnel.

AMERICAN RED CROSS MATRIX

FUNCTION / RESPONSIBLE AGENCY
TASK Battalion Brigade Division Corps ASCC CONUS
CFSC &
Request ARC Support CDR CDR G-1 G-1 G-1 HQ ARC
Coordinate Deployment CDR CDR G-1 G-1 G-1 CFSC &
with Units HQ ARC
Coordinate Deployment CFSC &

without Units HQ ARC
CFSC &
Central Deployment
HQ ARC
Coordinate Emergency S-1 S-1 G-1 G-1 G-1 CFSC &
Communications HQ ARC
Red Cross Support in S-1 S-1 G-1 G-1 G-1 CFSC &
Theater HQ ARC
CFSC &
Redeployment S-1 S-1 G-1 G-1 G-1 HQ ARC
Figure H-2. American Red Cross Matrix
FAMILY SUPPORT AND READINESS

H-16. The chain of command helps Soldiers and civilians resolve personal problems and communicate
with their families through the family support system. Departure of Soldiers during operations creates
substantial stress on Soldiers and their family members throughout the period of separation. The morale of
both the Soldier and the family has a significant impact on Soldier performance.
H-17. Families of deploying personnel are provided all possible services to which they are authorized by
the sustaining base/rear detachment. Services include pre-deployment briefings/readiness checks (wills,
allotments, family care plans, insurance), frequent family briefings, survival skills training (stress
management, problem solving, household and auto maintenance), and the family assistance center
(counseling, DEERS (Defense Enrollment Eligibility Reporting System) enrollment, TRICARE
information, legal, information and referral, and ACS). These services may need to be expanded to the
families of Soldiers in the USAR and ARNG who have been called to active duty. Operation Ready and
DA PAM 608-47 (DRAFT), Family Readiness Group Support and Funding, provide more detailed
information and training materials.
ARMY AND AIR FORCE EXCHANGE SERVICE (AAFES)

H-18. An AAFES Board of directors includes senior Army and Air Force Military and Civilian leaders
directs AAFES operations worldwide. The system supports major installations in CONUS, OCONUS, and
units deployed to remote areas. It also supports field operations and exercises. The Army provides APF
(Afloat Pre-positioning Force) support in the form of materiel, facilities, transportation, field site support,
postal support, military air and logistical support of AAFES operations. Logistical support of AAFES
operations and personnel will be provided by direct support or through LOGCAP (Logistics Civil
Augmentation Program).

Appendix H
H-19. During operations, the Army/ASCC commander in coordination with AAFES plans for and
supports exchange operations. These plans may include a combination of Direct Operation Exchange-
Tacticals (DOX-Ts) operations, Tactical Field Exchanges (TFEs), and AAFES Imprest Funds Activities
(AIFAs).
H-20. AAFES deploys personnel to assist the Army in establishing direct retail operations and an
exchange warehousing and distribution system. The Army/ASCC and Corps G-1s coordinate with their G
4s in the process of designating, training, deploying, and employing Army and Air Force personnel to
support the AOR AAFES system. AAFES may establish these activities using employees which consist of
US nationals, contract operators, host nation employees, third country national employees, or vendors.
H-21. TFEs (military manned) and DOX-Ts (AAFES manned) are exchanges designated to provide
merchandise and services on a temporary basis in areas where permanent exchange activities are not
present. TFEs/DOX-Ts serve Soldiers and civilians, and they may locate as far forward as the brigade
support area and tactical situation allow. Additional information is available in the Commanders Guide to
AAFES Tactical Exchange Support.
H-22. AIFA is a military-operated retail activity, usually operated in small or remote sites, when regular
direct operation exchanges cannot be provided. Should commanders choose to employ AIFA they must
select and train personnel from their units to operate these activities. The unit is issued an initial fund by
AAFES to purchase a beginning inventory. Money generated from sales is used to replenish the
merchandise stock. A site commander can request the establishment of an AIFA from the general manager
of the AAFES geographical area. Additional information is available in the Unit Guide to AAFES Imprest
Funds Activity Operation.
BATTLEFIELD FLOW
H-23. MWR is a mission-essential activity as declared by the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff in JP
1-0. During military operations, it will be funded by mission dollars. Commanders at all levels are
responsible for the morale, welfare, and recreation support provided for their Soldiers, civilians, and
contractor personnel. They are responsible for determining different levels of required support based on the
mission, anticipated duration of deployment, theater environmental conditions, higher command
requirements, and METT-TC. Commanders must be able to quickly revise plans, programming, and
support levels to adapt to changing situations and requirements.
H-24. Operational plans must include requirements for fitness and recreation, exchange activities, and
community support functions such as ARC. The S-1/G-1 staffs at Brigade through Corps/Army/ASCC
levels must be aware of requirements and coordinate with appropriate planners and staff counterparts such
as the S4/G-4 for logistical support. Civilian recreation staff may be available to assist in the planning and
execution of necessary support services. However, staff responsibility for this area of support in
deployment situations remains an S-1/G-1 function whether civilian recreation staff are available or not.
Military S-1/G-1 staffs must plan and be prepared to execute all necessary actions to ensure timely and
effective support.
H-25. Commanders may identify appropriate civilian positions on the mobilization table of distribution
and allowances (MTDA) to be prepared to deploy into the theater of operations to support recreation
requirements. When this method of staffing is used, civilian MWR personnel are battle-rostered to the
staffs of brigade and larger-sized units. These personnel will be part of the S-1/G-1 staffs and will plan and
coordinate MWR activities prior to and during mobilization. They may also deploy with the unit to
accomplish brigade and higher staff MWR responsibilities and assist the unit A&R officer/NCO (military
personnel) in planning and executing their MWR programs. Upon deployment, MWR EEC specialists are
battle-rostered to the Army/ASCC staff and paid for with contingency funds. Both appropriated fund and
non-appropriated fund (NAF) MWR personnel may be used, but NAF salaries of deployed personnel
should be repaid to the appropriate NAF account with contingency funds IAW DOD MWR Utilization,
Support and Accountability (USA) rules.

H-26. The IMA HQs maintains a roster of MWR EEC personnel who are available for initial staffing of
MWR programs in deployed areas. Use of this program will augment the military A&R officers mission.
Depending on AOR stability and actions, the commander may use alternative sources, e.g. Logistical
Civilian Augmentation Program (LOGCAP) or contracted personnel. Special Duty manpower from ASCC
assets/contingent hire may be used to assist in program execution and facility operation. DA G3 may also
provide civilian fitness and recreation staff from other installations through WIAS tasking authority to
IMA. Commanders should establish and validate requirements on their MTDA for battle-rostered civilian
positions.
H-27. Commanders are responsible for procurement of unit level recreation kits. The kits are designed to
be packaged and distributed to each company size unit in the active, guard and reserve forces. Kits will be
part of a unit TO&E and will be deployed with units as a portable/ready means to fulfill recreation/leisure
needs. These kits are part of the unit basic load and Commanders must include shipment with the higher
headquarters lift plan and account for them as they would any TO&E equipment.
H-28. Commanders at all levels must be sensitive to conditions external to the AOR that can affect
morale. In emergency cases, ARC representatives inside and outside the JOA can support communications
between Soldiers, civilians, and their families. Under less compelling conditions, commanders may use
other means. For example, commanders may send messages through official channels such as the Military
Affiliate Radio System (MARS), facsimile transceiver, commercial telephone, or the Army mail system.
H-29. For planning purposes, the following guidelines establish a time-phased schedule for deploying
MWR resources to support military operations. Actual timelines and operations will be based on METT
TC.
C - C+30
H-30. During the first 30 days of operation, MWR may be limited to unit level recreation kits and health
and comfort packs (HCPs) as part of the units' basic load. This initial phase prepares units for deployment
into a JOA. Commanders obtain book kits provided by the home installation library (DPCA/DMWR).
A&R officers/NCOs procure unit level recreation kits using mission funding. DPCA/DMWR may assist
with procurement.
H-31. Division/Corps G-1s requisition and move MWR service level kits. The Army/ASCC and/or the
Corps G-1 establishes a network for distributing and rotating AAFES-provided films and videotapes.
AAFES begins transporting exchange items and coordinates with theater/corps for transportation, storage,
and distribution support. Defense Personnel Support Center (DPSC)) sends additional health and comfort
packs to arrive by C+30.
H-32. Civilian MWR EEC specialists deploy to the AOR as early as the situation permits and as
requested by the ASCC commander. This may be as early as the initial C to C+30 time frame. If conditions
do not permit or the commander does not request deployment of civilians, military staffs must be prepared
to establish and maintain support.
C+30 - C+60
H-33. As soon as possible, the Army/ASCC G-1 and appropriate Division/Brigade/BCT G-1/S-1s
coordinate with rest areas and base camp commanders to deploy MWR service level kits, electronic game
kits, theater in a box kits, and video messenger kit. These kits contain fragile, bulky, and heavy items such
as televisions, VCR/DVD players, basketball goals and free weights. Appropriate personnel assets to
operate MWR programs are identified and deployed/assigned.

Appendix H
H-34. As soon as possible after C+30, the Corps G-1 coordinates rest areas. These rest areas provide
MWR support and field exchange services within division and corps rear areas. Army/ASCC and the
Corps G-1s develop policies for rest area use.
H-35. The Corps G-1 coordinates with the G-4 for distributing HCPs with class I supplies to units and
individuals lacking access to exchange or host nation retail facilities.
H-36. In coordination with the Corps G-1 and G-4, AAFES establishes a base of operations and
distribution centers capable of supporting DOX-T, TFE and AIFA.
H-37. The Army/ASCC/Corps G-1s coordinate with their G-4s in the process of designating, training,
deploying, and employing Army personnel to support the mission. The G-1s coordinate with USACFSC
for a system for distribution of unit funds, and book kits to units at C+30 and every 30 days thereafter.
Coordination for supplemental civilian MWR EEC personnel is done through the IMA HQs.
H-38. Army/ASCC staffs provide oversight and services such as financial management, procurement,
contracting, warehousing, and distribution.
C+60 - C+120
H-39. G-4 will establish theater level DOD activity address codes (DODAACs) for MWR. The supply
channels will stock MWR items on their common table of allowances (CTA). MWR supplies and
equipment will be ordered by and shipped to an Army/ASCC MWR DODAAC. Examples are weights,
amusement machines, lounge and entertainment equipment, and other items for unit recreation and rest
area operations.
H-40. The Army/ASCC and/or Corps base of operations expands to provide one or more support
package (Force Provider) rest areas developed to meet the needs of a brigade-size unit. Actual timelines
and operations will be based on METT-T. This package provides recreational activities, AAFES retail
outlets, vendors, and personnel services support such as postal, financial management, legal, unit ministry,
and ARC services. Other services available are billeting, laundry, latrine, shower, food, and medical. The
support package's primary mission is to provide rest and recuperation facilities for deployed personnel who
have suffered stresses associated with combat duties. The location of this support package will be in the
corps and division rear area. Secondarily, it provides a capability to support reception, humanitarian, and
disaster relief missions.
H-41. The Army/ASCC G-1 may establish a pass program or Army/ASCC rest area within the AOR.
Technical guidance may be requested from the Assistant Chief of Staff for Installation Management
(ACSIM) and the USACFSC. Army/ASCC and subordinate commands develop and implement R&R
policies. Live entertainment, to include Army Entertainment productions and Armed Forces Entertainment
shows (i.e. USO), may be requested based on availability, Army/ASCC policy, and the tactical situation.
H-42. During redeployment, operations consolidate or close as the number of personnel supported
decreases. Commanders ensure adequate support for residual forces. Army/ASCC and Corps staffs
establish and implement policies for equipment turn-in and redeployment. Resource accountability is
critical during this phase to prevent waste, fraud, and abuse. Rest areas and R&R centers request
disposition of equipment and supplies from the USACFSC.
H-10 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

*FM 1-0 (FM 12-6)
Appendix I
HR Planning and Operations
HR Planning and Operations is the means by which the HR provider envisions a

desired HR end state in support of the operational commanders mission
requirements; lays out the effective ways of achieving it; and communicates to
subordinate HR and other providers and HR unit leaders the intent, expected
requirements, and outcomes to be achieved to provide the support in the form of an
OPLAN, OPORD or Annex (Planning); and the process of tracking current and near-
term (future) execution of the planned HR support to ensure effective support to the
operational commander through the following process (Operations):
Assessing the current situation and forecasting HR requirements based on the

progress of the operation
Making execution and adjustment decisions to exploit opportunities or

unforecasted requirements
Directing actions to apply HR resources and support at decisive points and

time.
Effective HR Planning and Operations require extensive technical and tactical

expertise in terms of HR capabilities and support available; the requirements
established by the HR Core Competencies; the maneuver plan to be supported and
the relationship between the HR organization providing support and the maneuver
units supported. HR Plans and Ops elements must be expert in a myriad of HR
systems, HR processes, communications (voice and data) systems, and the
requirements and resources available to accomplish the HR core competencies for
supported organizations of various components.
REFERENCES
I-1. The following regulations provide policy and procedural guidance for the personnel readiness
management system:
FM 1, The Army
FM 3-0, Operations
FM 4-0, Combat Service Support
FM 5-0, Planning
FMI 5-0.1, The Operations Process
FM 6-0, Mission Command: Command and Control of Army Forces
PROPONENCY
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 I-1

Appendix I
I-2. The functional proponent for HR Planning and Operations is Combat Developments Directorate,
Adjutant General School.
RESPONSIBILITIES
I-3. G-1s and S-1s at all levels, HRSC divisions, Expeditionary Sustainment Command (ESC) and
Sustainment Brigade SPO HR Operations Cells, HR Company headquarters, TG R5 Teams, MMT Teams,
R5 Plans and Operations Teams, and Postal Plans and Operations Teams are responsible for executing the
core competency of HR Planning and Operations to ensure that effective and efficient HR support is
provided to both units and individuals.
PRINCIPLES OF HR PLANNING AND OPERATIONS

I-4. HR Planning sets the conditions for effective, decentralized HR support to the modular force. The
MDMP (FM 5-0) outlines the specific requirements of staff planning and provides an excellent process
model for the execution of staff planning. Planning activities initially focus on gathering information and
mission analysis, then on the development of Courses of Action (COAs), the assessment of the COAs and
ultimately result in the staff recommendation to the Commander for decision on the most favorable course
of action to execute. Staff sections perform the following critical tasks during this process:
Develop and maintain the staff estimate
Identify specified and implied tasks
Identify constraints
Identify key facts and assumptions
Formulate the concept of support in line with the concept of operation and the Commanders
intent
Determine HR resources required to support the operation by COA
Prepare, authenticate, and distribute the HR plan in the form of approved annexes, estimates,
OPLANS
I-5. Throughout planning, HR staff officers prepare recommendations within their functional area,
such as:
HR unit and system capabilities, limitations, and employment
Risk identification and mitigation
HR organization for operations, allocations to subordinate units, command and support
relationships among subordinate units
Resource allocation and employment synchronization of organic and supporting units (including
other joint assets)
General locations and movements of HR units
MILITARY DECISION MAKING PROCESS

I-6. The S-1/G-1 is the Commanders primary staff officer for HR planning and coordinating the
execution of HR Title X responsibilities. Therefore, the S-1/G-1 has an obligation to be heavily involved in
the MDMP. FM 5-0 includes detailed description of the MDMP and discusses the role of the S-1/G-1 in
various phases of the process. Throughout the MDMP, the S-1/G-1 should consider how the information
being developed impacts the HR support to the operation. The S-1/G-1 must also consider how the
personnel strength of subordinate units as well as individual and organizational readiness impacts the
analysis and recommendations of the staff conducting MDMP.
I-7. The Personnel Appendix (App 4) to the Service Support Annex (Annex I) is where the majority of
HR direction is located in the completed OPLAN or OPORD which results from the MDMP. Remember
I-2 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

that not only does the appendix describe the concept of HR support, it also communicates directives to
subordinate commanders and staffs. Figure I-1 describes HR linkages in MDMP.
Figure I-1. HR/Sustainment Linkages with Inputs and Outputs to MDMP

I-8. Mission analysis is a critical early step in the MDMP. The HR planner/G-1/S-1 has specific
responsibilities that establish favorable conditions for the remainder of the MDMP from the HR
perspective. The following are G-1/S-1 mission analysis responsibilities:
Analyze personnel strength data to determine current capabilities and project future
requirements
Analyze unit strength maintenance, including monitoring, collecting, and analyzing data
affecting Soldier readiness
Prepare estimates for personnel replacement requirements, based on estimated casualties, non-
battle losses, and foreseeable administrative losses to include critical MOS requirements
Determine personnel services available to the force (current and projected)
Determine personnel support available to the force (current and projected)
Determine HR specified, implied, and essential tasks (if any)
Determine any HR constraints which may impact successful completion of the mission
Identify critical HR facts and assumptions which will impact the mission
Determine any HR Commanders Critical Information Requirements (CCIR) and Essential
Elements of Friendly Information (EEFI) which may impact the mission (if any)

Appendix I
PERSONNEL ESTIMATE
I-9. One of the primary tools used by HR planners is the Personnel Estimate, and like any staff
estimate it: Is an assessment of the situation and an analysis of those COAs a Commander is considering
that best accomplishes the mission. It includes an evaluation of how factors in the HR staff sections
functional area influence each course of action and includes conclusions and a recommended COA to the
Commander from the perspective of the HR supporter. The personnel estimate is a continuous process
that evaluates current and future operations from the functional perspective of the HR provider. Once the
commander has selected a COA, the Personnel Estimate becomes an assessment tool to evaluate the
relative success of the COA and a means for HR operations cells to track the progress of the operation
from an HR support perspective. Format is not the critical element of the personnel estimate. It is a tool
that facilitates the collection and processing of key HR information, and may be adapted by HR planners
for their own organization or purposes. FM 5-0 provides general guidance in Appendix C. Figure I-1
provides more specific guidance.
I-10. The following are general characteristics of the personnel estimate:

Prepared as thoroughly as time allows in either a simple form or a preformatted digital product
Revised continuously as planning factors, manning levels, facts and assumptions change
Prepared at all levels of command from Battalion to Army/ASCC by S-1s/G-1s and HR
Operations Cell planners
Not necessarily prepared in a fixed sequence
Provides a thorough, clear, unemotional analysis of all pertinent data
1. MISSION: Commanders restated mission resulting from mission analysis
2. SITUATION AND CHARACTERISTICS:
a. Characteristics of the AO: Discuss how the weather, terrain, civil considerations, and other
AO-specific conditions affect the HR support to the planned operation
b. Enemy Forces: Discuss any affect enemy dispositions, composition, strength, capabilities
and COAs may have on the HR support to the planned operation
c. Friendly Forces: Discuss current status of resources available from the HR perspective and
other resources which impact HR support and compare requirements and capabilities to
develop recommendations to solve discrepancies. Specific examples follow:
1) Current subordinate unit manning levels/critical MOS shortages (consider all
manning influences Task Organization, R&R flow, Boots On Ground data, etc.)
2) New personnel requirements resulting from the operation (language skills, ASI, etc.)
3) Casualty estimates (as developed)
4) Forecasted replacement availability
5) Evacuation policy for the operation
6) Supporting HR organizations (location, command/support relationship, controlling
element)
7) Supporting medical elements
8) Replacement fill priority (Coordinate w/S-3/G-3)
9) Crew/key leader replacement
10) Projected postal flow/limitations
11) Change to established PASR reporting flow/times
12) Change to casualty reporting flow (CLT change, reporting changes)
13) RSOI Reception HR impacts
14) R&R schedule/flow operational impact (during operations conducted during
sustained operations)
15) Civilian and JIM manning impacts on the operation focusing on strengths and
personnel service requirements
16) Specific Army G-1 Personnel Planning Guidance (PPG) impacts on the operation
17) Status of other personnel service or personnel support factors (postal, MWR, legal
support, MILPAY support)

18) Connectivity and NIPR/SIPR and HR system access requirements and availability
d. Sustainment Situation: Discuss the sustainment supporting organizations (TSC, ESC,
Sustainment Brigades) and possible impacts on HR support to include: supported/supporting
relationship, reporting requirements, transportation planned, MSR status, etc.
e. Assumptions: List any assumptions that affect the delivery of HR support for the operation
f. Other Considerations: List everything not covered elsewhere in the estimate that may
influence or impact the HR situation.
3. COURSES OF ACTION:
a. COAs: List friendly COAs to be wargamed
b. Evaluation Criteria: List HR evaluation criteria determined during COA analysis
4. ANALYSIS: Analyze each COA using the HR evaluation criteria established during the COA
analysis determining advantages and disadvantages of each COA
5. COMPARISON: Compare COAs and rank order from the perspective of HR supportability based on
Step 4.
6. RECOMMENDATION and CONCLUSIONS:
a. Recommendation: Recommend the most supportable COA from HR support perspective.
b. Issues/Risks/Mitigations: List the issues, risks, or deficiencies associated with the
recommended COA and proposed mitigation to reduce the impact on the successful execution
of the operations.
APPENDIXES (Use appendixes when information/graphs or is of such detail and volume that inclusion in
the body makes the estimate too cumbersome. Appendixes should be lettered sequentially as they occur
through the estimate.
Figure I-2. Sample Personnel Estimate
PLANNING GUIDANCE
I-11. There are many sources of planning data key to the HR planner. Postal and R5 flow rates and HR
unit rules of allocation are essential to effectively prepare a personnel estimate or perform generic HR
planning. Some planning guidance is systemic and some will be determined by the Army/ASCC G-1 or the
operational conditions of the theater.
I-12. HR organization rules of allocation allow HR planners to determine the number of HR units
required to provide the intended support. These rules of allocation are also used in the Total Army Analysis
(TAA) system to model operational requirements of the units. The following are the rules of allocation for
modular HR organizations:
Human Resources Sustainment Center (HRSC):
One per Theater Sustainment Command
Theater Gateway (TG) R5 Team:
One per inter-theater APOD
Military Mail Terminal (MMT) Team:
One per inter-theater APOD which receives bulk mail
HR Company Headquarters:
One per two six platoons (R5, Postal, Casualty)
One per MMT Team
One per TG R5 Team
R5 Plans and Operations Team:
One per HR Company Headquarters with one or more R5 Platoons
R5 Platoon Headquarters:
One per two three R5 PATs

Appendix I
Four per TG R5 Team (for daily flow to 4800 personnel/day additional flow will generate
additional R5 PATs and R5 Platoon Headquarters at the rate of one additional R5 PAT per
each additional flow of 600 personnel per day and one R5 Platoon Headquarters per each
additional two R5 PATs)
R5 Personnel Accounting Team (PAT):
Twelve per TG R5 Team (for daily personnel flow in any R5 category in either direction
equal or less than 4800 personnel)
One per flow of 600 personnel in any R5 category in either direction per day at an intra-
theater APOD
One per each additional 600 daily personnel flow in any R5 category in either direction at an
inter-theater APOD (beyond 4800 per day)
Postal Plans and Operations Team:
One per HR Company Headquarters with one or more Postal Platoons
Postal Platoon:
One per 6000 personnel
Four per MMT Team
Casualty Platoon:
One per three six Casualty Liaison Teams
Casualty Liaison Team:

One per Combat Support Hospital (CSH) or CSH during split-CSH operations
One per Mortuary Affairs Company
One per Corps/Division G-1
One per HRSC Casualty Operations Division
CASUALTY ESTIMATION
I-13. The Army's functional proponent for casualty estimation is the DA G-1. DA G-1 oversees policy
on Army casualty estimation (to include methods and procedures) to ensure forces-wide planning
coherence. DA G-1 is proponent for battle casualties (killed, captured, missing, woundedtotal battle
casualties, TBC). The Surgeon General is proponent for disease and nonbattle injury (DNBI) casualties.
I-14. Casualty estimates support operations planning, future force planning, and training at all levels.
Operations planning includes deliberate and contingency plans. Force planning describes options for out-
year force structure and force capability designs. Training includes the Battle Command Training Program
and other unit exercises. Supported functions include:
Commanders evaluation of Courses of Action, by assessment of force strength for missions
within the concept of operations and scheme of maneuver
Personnel replacements and flow planning, and allocation among forces
Medical support planning, for both force structure and logistics support
Transportation planning, including both inter- and intra-theater requirements, to deliver medical
force structure and to evacuate and replace personnel
Evacuation policy options to sustain the force by balancing minimal support force footprint,
maximum in-theater returns-to-duty, and stable personnel rotation.
I-15. At all echelons, the G-1/S-1, as the principal staff officer for manning and personnel readiness
requirements projections and recommendations, prepares the casualty estimate as part of the Personnel
Estimate. The G-1 (S-1) estimates battle casualties and administrative losses, and combines this with the
medical staffs DNBI estimate.
I-16. The G-1/S-1 and Surgeon (medical staff) coordinate with the battle staff so estimated casualties
reasonably reflect projected force activity in the planning scenario. The G-1/S-1:

Consolidates the overall casualty estimate, stratifies the projected losses by skill and grade,
projects personnel readiness requirements, and recommends and plans the support for
appropriate replacements and evacuation flows.
Coordinates with other staff elements that use casualty projections to guide their planning
process. Examples include the C1/J1 at both component and COCOM (and higher) levels for a
range of force planning needs, the Surgeon (who uses the wounded-in-action estimate, and
possibly an EPW or other estimate, to help size medical support) and Army and/or Joint lift
planners regarding transportation of the replacements and evacuation flows.
ACHIEVING REASONABLE CASUALTY ESTIMATES

I-17. Ensuring reasonable casualty estimates requires more than a numeric estimating procedure or set
of rates; a rates frame of reference is critical to show which rates relate to which variables, and how. The
Benchmark Rate Structure (BRS) orients the planner by showing how rates vary as forces (size, type), time
(duration of rate application), and operational settings vary. The BRS describes rate ranges and patterns
seen in actual operations for both maneuver forces (Battalions, brigades, divisions) and support forces
across the spectrum of conventional operations, including major combat and stability operations. The
operating environments described range from peer or near-peer confrontations, to overwhelming
dominance by one side, to isolated asymmetric events. It is critical to note that numerous non-standard and
non-authorized casualty estimation tools are available to various planners, and that these various other
estimators do not provide accurate casualty data. The use of non-standard casualty estimators will provide
inaccurate data which may have significant impact on the PRM systems in the deployed theater and at the
top of the system.
I-18. The BRS permits bracketing optimistic-to-pessimistic rate possibilities and settling on a risk-based
recommendation. An estimate may be built directly from the BRS, or the planner may use it to assess the
reasonableness of rates from any source or method. Functional area planning rests, ultimately, on projected
numbers of casualties. However, the reasonableness of the numbers must first be established. This requires
use of casualty rates, which reference (normalize) the numbers to the population-at-risk (PAR) and the time
(number of days) during which the casualties are generated. Rates are expressed in numbers of casualties
per 1000 personnel (PAR) per day. Standard notation is [number]/1000/day.

Appendix I
Figure I-3. BRS with Key Parameters

I-19. Rates vary in terms of three broad operational parameters: forces, time, and operational setting.
Forces and time are straightforward. Four distinctive operational settings have been observed in modern
distributed ground operations: three major combat (force-on-force) settings, one stability operations
setting. A planning projection accounts for the METT-TC, including force postures (offense/defense) and
roles (decisive/shaping). But key to rate reasonableness is the commanders intent and visualization of
force results over time in the METT-TC.
I-20. Major combat (force-on-force) operational settings feature combat episodes (focused, with respect
to casualty experience, in ground maneuver elements) that exhibit a spectrum of attacker dominance. The
key indicator is the effect of the attack on the coherence of the main defense:
Episodesusually involving peer opponentswhere the attackers maneuvers and fires (to
penetrate, envelop, turn, etc) fail to undermine the coherence of the defenders main defense.
Combat episodes (offensive and defensive) will recur; operations may continue indefinitely,
possibly over long periods.
Episodesinvolving peer or nonpeer opponentswhere the attackers scheme of maneuver and
fires effects one or more breaches of the main defenses coherence. Episodes may be low-order
(with no, or only limited, exploitation) or high-order (deeper exploitation). However, the
defender effectively resists in some sectors; the attack culminates before achieving full
operational objectives.
Episodes where the attacker overwhelmingly dominates the defender: all attacking forces
(decisive and shaping) reach operational and strategic depths rapidly. Operations to secure a
larger area following main defenses collapse may blend into stability operations.

I-21. Stability operations setting. Stability operations cover a spectrum of threat environments with a
wide range of hostility levels. Instead of rates tied to force role and effectiveness in a scheme of maneuver,
the force operates in an area of responsibility (all-aspect, 360o orientation). Casualty incidents occur across
the force, centered in higher-risk regions or force elements. Force rates are defined for 30-day periods
(with particular incidents then definable probabilistically and in terms of variable force risk levels across
units, functions, or regions). Three broad threat environments, showing ranges of hostility levels, have
been seen:
Peacekeeping (PKO) / humanitarian assistance (HA) no hostilities; DNBI only. Examples:
Sinai, Bosnia, Haiti, others
Peace enforcement (PEO) a range of hostility levels seen (low, medium, high); battle casualty
and DNBI. Examples: Kosovo, Afghanistan, Somalia, Iraq
Foreign internal defense (FID) a range of hostility levels seen (low, medium, medium-high,
high); battle casualty and DNBI. Example: Vietnam
PLANNING ESTIMATE PRODUCTS

I-22. The estimate may present three views of a casualty profile (casualty stream):
Multi-day force averages as they vary over time, notably for maneuver forces
Peak 1-day (hot spot) rates, especially for maneuver forces during pulses
Cumulative casualtiesfull scenario or user-defined periods (as appropriate)
I-23. The battle casualty estimate identifies:

Killed-/Captured-/Missing-in-Action (KCMIA), in KIA and MCIA parts, and
Wounded-in-Action (WIA): admissions and RTD72 (returns-to-duty in 72 hours)
I-24. The DNBI estimate identifies both disease and nonbattle injury admissions.
Note: The medical planner may also describe the medical forces fuller workloadoverall
presentations to medical staff (headcount in addition to admissions, termed total attendances
or TA by SABERS).
AUTHORIZED METHOD AND ENABLING APPLICATION

I-25. The BRS and its rate patterns approach support battle casualty estimates for field forces. A
planning toolSABERS (System to Automate the Benchmark Rate Structure)allows planners at all
echelons to project battle and/or DNBI casualty profiles appropriate to the overall force and its nested
elements, in varied settings and time periods, with both casualty rates and numbers by day or multi-day
period, by type.
I-26. Fig I-4 shows forces, operations (per FM 3-0 and 3-24), and casualty types that may be described.
Fig. I-5 shows sample screenshots for differing force elements and settings.

Appendix I
Figure I-4. SABERS (automated planning tool)
I-27. Planners may save their scenario estimates, including all user-selected settings, for later review
and revision or to send them to other or higher planners for coordination. User-defined output files show
casualty stream details: rates or numbers, by selected casualty type, for the overall force or by unit, for any
defined time period. Casualty profiles may be further analyzed or graphically displayed in spreadsheet
tools, or fed into other functional planning tools (e.g., personnel, medical, transportation, or operations).
I-10 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

screenshots)
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 I-11

Appendix I
screenshots)
I-28. The Medical Analysis Tool (MAT)used at senior commands, and required for Service and Joint
scenarios casualty planningis not an estimation tool. It requires that planners define their own rates.
SABERS outputs are fully compatible with and loadable into MAT, once the planner ensures that the
specified forces in the two tools match.
HR OPERATIONS
I-29. HR Operations is the process of tracking current and near-term (future) execution of the planned
HR support to ensure effective support to the operational commander through the following process
(Operations):
Assessing the current situation and forecasting HR requirements based on the progress of the
operation
Making execution and adjustment decisions to exploit opportunities or unforecasted
requirements
Directing actions to apply HR resources and support at decisive points and time
I-30. HR operations are performed at every level starting with the Battalion. HR operations sections
must be located where they can track the current operation and can influence the operation as required with
HR support. Generally, at the Division and higher level of command, elements of the G-1 operations
section will be located in the Main Command Post (often referred to as the Battle Command Center
I-12 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

(BCC)). Second and third order requirements for the G-1 section are determined by closely tracking the
COP. For example, an action which results in casualties that is monitored on the command voice or data
network will indicate to S-1/G-1 operations personnel the requirement for casualty reports, possible EPS
actions (awards, letters of condolence, etc), PASR and PRM impacts to replace casualty losses. By closely
monitoring the COP, S-1/G-1s may better support subordinate HR elements.
I-31. HR operations elements require:

Access to COP systems.
Access to voice and data C2 systems
Detailed knowledge of the plan directing current ongoing operations
Ability to coordinate and synchronize with other staff sections
I-32. HR operations elements track ongoing operations and also track the following HR operations and
collect and present data on:
Casualty operations ongoing in support of the maneuver plan
R5 operations
Postal operations as they impact current operations
MWR operations in final coordination or execution phase
PASR status of subordinate units
I-33. HR operations elements must always be fully integrated with the remainder of their S-1 or G-1
section or HR element, as well as being fully integrated with the remainder of the operations staff elements.
For example, the G-1 operations element must work closely with the G-3 current operations section for the
most updated COP, the G-2 operations section for any enemy activity which may impact HR operations
and ESC or Sustainment Brigade HR Operations Cells to track the location, resourcing, and capabilities of
supporting HR companies, platoons and teams.
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 I-13

*FM 1-0 (FM 12-6)
Appendix J
Army Bands
The mission of Army Bands is to instill in our Soldiers the will to fight and win,
foster the support of our citizens and promote our national interests at home and
abroad.
Hours are to be assigned to all the drums and fifes of each regiment, and they are to attend them
and practice; nothing is more agreeable and ornamental than good music; every officer, for the credit
of his corps, should take care to provide for it.
From Library of Congress: Writings of George Washington,

June 4, 1777
John C. Fitzpatrick, Editor
REFERENCES
J-1. The following regulations and other publications provide policy and procedural guidance for
Army Bands:
DOD Instruction 5410.18, Public Affairs Community Relations Policy
AR 220-90, Army Bands
AR 360-1, Community Relations
DA Pam 220-90, Army Bands, A Guide for Senior Commanders
FM 1-19, U.S. Army Bands
FM 4-0, Combat Service Support
PROPONENCY
J-2. The functional proponent for Army Bands is the Chief, Army Bands (C, AB), and United States
Army Soldier Support Institute (USASSI).
PRINCIPALS OF BAND SUPPORT:

OVERVIEW
J-3. Army bands can provide tailored music support throughout the full spectrum of military
operations. The missions being executed vary depending upon the phase of operations the supported
command is engaged in and where the Music Support Teams of the Band are located. The modular
organization of the Band allows its teams to be mission and deployed independently or collectively.
J-4. Army bands provide critical support to the senior commanders strategic outreach. All parts of
their mission connect this effort. The bands role in strategic outreach includes performing music in
support of:
Friendly forces to instill in them the will to fight and win
Recruiting to help young Americans and their key influencers to see military service favorably
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 J-1

Appendix J
Public diplomacy to positively influence foreign governments, media, and populations

Connecting the Army to the American people
EMPLOYMENT
J-5. Bands are a command asset in peacetime and provide support in both garrison and battlefield
environments. They provide musical support indoors and outdoors in most climate conditions but support
should be withheld when weather conditions would impair or damage musical instruments, or threaten the
welfare of the performers. In addition, bands will not perform music or carry instruments while double
timing to avoid causing injury to band soldiers or musical instruments. Based upon specific band mission,
bands will provide support to any geographical area of operation.
SUSTAINMENT
J-6. Army Bands are dependent on the appropriate elements of the ASCC, MACOM, Corps, or
Division for: Religious, Legal, Health Service Support, Quarter and Rations, Finance, Personnel, and
Administrative Services, Unit Maintenance (Except for musical instrument), and supplemental
Transportation.
RESPONSIBILITIES
BAND COMMANDER
J-7. The band commander is an officer (area of concentration (AOC) 42C) or warrant officer
bandmaster (military occupational specialty (MOS) 420C) responsible for all aspects of unit level
command and control. Responsibilities include Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ) authority,
training, administration, budget, operations, security, and supply. The band commander is the primary
conductor of the marching band and the concert band. They advise the command on band missions, proper
utilization of the band in support of echelon missions, and proactively seek opportunities to provide
musical support for the command and its soldiers.
J-8. Band commanders have extensive training and experience in the application of laws and
regulations governing bands, in how to maximize the bands productivity, and in their units capabilities.
The band commander should be permitted to provide recommendations on all requests for band support.
BATTALION/BRIGADE COMMANDER
J-9. Command of the band for administrative and UCMJ purposes will be vested in a major
subordinate command. Coordination and cooperation between the G-1/J-1/C-1 and the installation/activity
commander (see below) higher headquarters commander of the band is imperative.
G-1/J-1/C-1
J-10. The G-1 (J-1 or C-1 in task forces) is responsible for oversight of band operations. The Public
Affairs Officer (PAO) should provide input on all off post/community relations requests for band support.
Tactical plans involving the band should include input from the G5, the G-1, and the PAO to ensure band
operations are integrated into Information Operations and the band is used properly for troop morale
support.
J-11. The G-1, with oversight of both band operations and MWR entertainment, must synchronize their
efforts to ensure maximum support to US forces and information operations. Army bands are able to
provide entertainment/music support to deployed forces in a wide range of tactical and garrison
environments. Additionally, Army bands can be effective in support of Civil Affairs (CA) and Public
J-2 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

Army Bands
Affairs (PA) efforts with performances for host nation civilians. Comprehensive G-1 management will
ensure Army band operations and MWR entertainers are employed in a complementary and synergistic
fashion.
J-12. The band commander will recommend and the G-1 will develop a local command policy that
specifies procedures and guidelines for requesting band support. A comprehensive policy deters disputes
over band, and identifies activities that are authorized band support.
INSTALLATION/ACTIVITY COMMANDER
J-13. Installation and activity commanders that exercise command and control of bands will provide
administrative and logistical support including, but not limited to: food service, quarters/billeting,
secure/non-secure telecommunications/ automation support, and transportation. Such support will be
provided through the Installation Management Agency (IMA) as appropriate. In addition, commanders will
provide adequate funding for mission accomplishment. The band commander will draft, and the
installation/ activity commander will publish, a local policy that outlines the guidelines for requesting band
support.
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 J-3

*FM 1-0 (FM 12-6)
Appendix K
Civilian Personnel, Contractor, and Non-Governmental
Agency Support
Civilian personnel have always accompanied our deployed armed forces. The
increasingly hi-tech nature of our equipment and rapid deployment requirements,
have significantly increased the need to properly integrate civilian personnel support
into all military operations. Recent reductions in military structure, coupled with high
mission requirements and the unlikely prospect of full mobilization, mean that to
reach a minimum of required levels of support, deployed military forces will often
have to be significantly augmented with civilian personnel. As these trends continue,
the future battlefield will require ever-increasing numbers of often critically
important contractor employees.
During Desert Shield/Desert Storm, Army civilians deployed in Southwest Asia reached a high mark
of over 1500 in over 100 different occupational specialties. They came from various commands from
throughout the Army.
REFERENCES
K-1. The following regulations provide additional policy and procedural guidance for the civilian
personnel support system:
Title II, Section 2311 (a) of Public Law 96-465, "Foreign Service Act of 1984."
Chapter 47 of Title 10, United States Code
DOD Directive 1200.7, "Screening the Ready Reserve."
DOD Directive 1404.10, "Emergency-Essential (E-E) DOD U.S. Citizen Civilian Employees."
DOD Directive 1400.31, "DOD Civilian Work Force Contingency and Emergency Planning and
Execution (Draft)."
DOD Instruction 1400.32, DOD Civilian Work Force Contingency and Emergency Planning
Guidelines and Procedures
DOD Directive 3025.14 "Noncombatant Evacuation Operations."
DOD Instruction 1000.1, "Identity Cards Required by the Geneva Convention."
DOD Instruction 1444.2, "Consolidation of Automated Civilian Personnel Records."
DOD Pub 1400.25-M, "Civilian Personnel Manual (CPM)."
AR 5-3, Installation Management and Organization.
AR 215-3, Nonappropriated Funds Personnel Policies and Procedures.
AR 500-5, The Army Mobilization Operations, Planning, and Execution System (AMOPES).
AR 600-8-14, Identification Cards, Tags, and Badges.
Operations.
AR 700-137, Logistics Civil Augmentation Program (LOGCAP)
AR 715-9, Contractors Accompanying the Force
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 K-1

Appendix K
AR 930-5, American National Red Cross Service Program and Army Utilization.
DA PAM 690-47, DA Civilian Deployment Guide
FM 100-22, Installation Management (Draft).
FM 3-100.21, Contractors on the Battlefield.
TYPES OF CIVILIANS
K-2. Civilians have always supported our armed forces. Numerous examples exist throughout our
nations history, from settlers supporting the Continental Army, Army and DOD civilians, nurses, to
Contractors supporting complex weapons and equipment systems. Without the support and services the
civilian force provides, the military would be unable to accomplish many of its missions
DOD CIVILIANS
K-3. Civilian personnel who are employed by the Department of Defense (DOD) or one of its field
operating agencies.
CONTRACTORS
K-4. Personnel or firms contracted to support a critical enabler for the deploy, employ, and sustain
(DES) concept of operations and contribute to the effective personnel combat power of the combatant
commander.
NON-GOVERNMENTAL
K-5. Includes those who are employed by private organizations, such as American Red Cross (ARC)
personnel, civilian media representatives, visiting dignitaries, personnel from other governmental agencies
(inter-agency), representatives of DOD-sponsored organizations such as the United Services Organization,
banking facilities, and citizens for whom local State Department officials have requested support. In certain
situations, their presence may be command-directed or sponsored, and require the Army to provide limited
support.
PROPONENCY
K-6. The following organizations are proponents for various categories of civilians who may be
deployed in support of an operation.
K-7. The functional proponent for Army personnel support to DA civilians (appropriated and
nonappropriated fund (NAF) employees) is the Army G-1. The functional proponent for Contractors
accompanying the force is G-4. Contracting activities and contracting officers provide contractual
oversight for Contractors. The Army and Air Force Exchange Service (AAFES) perform NAF civilian
personnel management for AAFES personnel.
K-8. The functional proponent for deployed ARC personnel is the U.S. Army Community and Family
Support Center, Family Support Directorate (USACFSC-FS). Deployed ARC personnel are considered
special staff under the G-1 of the unit they are deployed or collocated with. The units G-1 is responsible
for coordinating and providing their personnel support.
RESPONSIBILITIES
K-9. Army mobilization planners of each functional component, at all organizational levels, will plan
for Army civilians and contractors who provide weapons systems and equipment maintenance and other
support services. Deliberate planning must be accomplished in order to effectively integrate military, Army
K-2 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

Civilian Personnel, Contractor, and Non-Governmental Agency Support
civilians, and contractors. The planning process must include all types of logistical, administrative,
medical, and other support to ensure sufficient CS and CSS resources in the AOR to support them.
K-10. The HQDA, G-1 is responsible for civilian personnel management. The Army G-4 is responsible
for contractors accompanying the force.
K-11. The following units/agencies have the responsibility to plan, establish, and provide HR support to
deployed civilians:
UNIT
Units with embedded/assigned civilians are responsible for ensuring that all embedded/assigned
civilians meet individual readiness processing requirements prior to deployment. Personnel
managers at Battalion, brigade, division, corps and ASCC account for and coordinate HR
support to civilians, to include contractors.
INSTALLATIONS
Provide initial readiness processing (to the best of their capabilities) of deploying civilians
before their movement to the CONUS Replacement Center (CRC). Provide them with
documentation that readiness requirements have been fulfilled. Civilian, to include contractors,
readiness processing will parallel military SRP (to the extent possible). The CRC will validate
the readiness processing completed by the installation and/or will do readiness processing of
those civilians not able to have readiness processing completed by the home station.
Equip, train, and complete readiness processing for all deploying civilians not accompanying
units to AOR and provide/coordinate for transportation to the CRC.
MACOM
MACOMs ensure that deploying civilians complete the initial readiness processing before
moving to the CRC or other central processing center (if used). If a central processing center has
not been established or the CRC has not been activated, MACOMs will ensure that the
installations deploying civilians have adequate procedures in place to ensure that all deployment
actions have been completed prior to the individuals' departure from the installation. These
actions will include (but not be limited to) issuance of the appropriate ID card and briefing
deploying civilians on the host nation's laws and customs.
HRC
Develop operational plans and procedures for implementing the policy requirements pertaining
to the mobilization and deployment of Army civilians.
Maintain status of mobilization and deployment requirements for Army civilians and others as
designated identify shortfalls, and make recommendations, as required.
Establish procedures to ensure the orderly deployment of E-E employees and others through
designated CRC sites.
Execute procedures to track and report status of all civilians, i.e., Army, Red Cross personnel,
AAFES and contractors deployed in the area of operations.
Serve as point of contract for individual civilian replacement and augmentation actions.
ARMY G-1
Establish policy for the mobilization and deployment of civilians.
Issues policy on the establishment of positions for and the use of Army civilian employees as E-
Es.
Determine functional requirements of management information system that allow for the
identification and tracking of employees who have been designated as E-E.
Coordinate automation actions with the Office of Secretary of Defense, other Department of
Defense (DOD) components, internal Army organizations to ensure that mobilization planning

Appendix K
and execution requirements for the identification and deployment of civilian employees are
supported.
Develop and coordinate Army mobilization and deployment personnel procedures and plans for
the accountability and reporting of all deployed civilians, to include contractors.
COMBATANT COMMANDER
Establish requirements for E-E employees, e.g., numbers, skills, in the theater of operations.
Establish procedures and coordinate (with the G-3) for individual replacements and augmentees.
Receive and in-process deployed civilians during military operations
Account for and report the status of all civilians, to include contractors, assigned or attached in
support of a contingency operation and provide SITREPs.
Establish and announce the administrative workweek to ensure that E-E employees receive
proper payment for all hours worked.
Determine AOR specific operation deployability requirements such as medical and physical,
clothing and equipment, weapons issue policy for E-E employees, deployed personnel tracking
and reporting procedures, theater unique cultural and environmental training and provide this
information to Army G-1 prior to deployment of all civilians.
ARMY CONTRACTING AGENCIES

Management and control of contractors is the responsibility of Army contracting agencies and
contracting officers/Contracting Officer Representatives (CORs). Contractors are expected to be
self-sufficient, handling all actions necessary to perform under the conditions of the contract
without additional assistance from the government. However, in some circumstances, it is
appropriate and necessary for the government to provide support.
Contractor personnel may be US nationals, foreign nationals, and local nationals. It is important
to understand that the terms and conditions of the contract establish the relationship between the
military (US Government) and the contractor. Generally, support to contractor personnel is
based on pre-arranged contracts and needs to be clearly set forth in the terms of the contract. As
a minimum, contracts should provide information to the deploying contractor regarding
notification procedures, pre-deployment processing requirements, and the date and time required
to be in the AO. Additionally, the contract should provide for the establishment of management
controls that require contractors to establish and implement in-transit visibility procedures. The
extent of government provided support is generally limited to force protection, mortuary affairs,
or other logistical or administrative support and should be clearly stated in the contracts. Support
to contractors must be identified and coordinated with the appropriate staff agency early in the
planning process to ensure adequate support is available.
PRINCIPLES OF CIVILIAN PERSONNEL SUPPORT

ARMY CIVILIANS
K-12. E-E positions are pre-identified, where possible, to fill known AOR requirements. For example,
AMCs Logistics Assistance Representatives (LARs) are identified as E-Es. Volunteers are sought to fill
all other AOR requirements.
K-13. The Logistics Civil Augmentation Program (LOGCAP), an Army initiative, has been
implemented to allow for the planning during peacetime for the use of civilian contractors to perform
selected services in wartime and other contingencies to augment US Forces. It is a program that allows for
the use of global corporate resources to support worldwide contingency operations. Under this contract
advanced acquisition planning is accomplished in conjunction with the overall commander. The LOGCAP
umbrella Support Contract focuses on prioritized peacetime contingency planning for civilians (US, Third

country Nationals, and Local Nationals) augmentation logistics, engineering and construction services
support as determined by the commander.
PERSONNEL ACCOUNTING AND STRENGTH REPORTING (PASR)

K-14. The commander has the overall responsibility to account for all civilian personnel deployed to the
AOR. This accountability includes DOD civilian personnel, contractor personnel, non-government
organizations (NGOs), inter-agency personnel, and in some cases, local nationals. Personnel accountability
includes the recording of by-name and other personnel information needed in providing authorized
support. Accountability is established upon entry into the AOR and maintained until departure from the
AOR.
DOD CIVILIANS
K-15. DOD civilians generally deploy in a TDY status. Consequently, their official personnel records
are continued to be kept in the Defense Civilian Personnel Data System (DCPDS). While deployed,
civilians should be accounted for and tracked in the Armys accountability system, currently CIVTRCKS.
(The DTAS is currently being implemented and upon completion of the implementation, all civilians will
be accounted for and tracked in DTAS).
CONTRACTORS
K-16. There is no centralized database for all contractors. Consequently, contractors are required to enter
tracking data into the Armys civilian accountability and tracking system (currently, C IVTRACKS) until
such time that DTAS is fully implemented. Note: Army is currently working towards the development of a
single accountability and tracking system for all civilians, to include contractors.
OTHER
K-17. Local Nationals. Previously, the G-1 did not normally include accountability of local nationals
hired by contactor or contracting officers to perform support functions, e.g., laundry, food service, truck
drivers, etc. However, for future operations, Local Nationals will be accounted for and tracked the same as
DOD /Army contractors.
CASUALTY OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT

K-18. Casualty reporting for deployed DOD civilians is conducted in the same manner as for Soldiers,
as outlined in Appendix C, Casualty Operations Management. This includes proper notification of
civilians' next of kin. They are notified using the same procedures as prescribed for the notification of
Soldiers, as outlined in Chapter 6, AR 600-8-1. Emergency POCs at their organizations are notified by
HRC. Categories of civilians for which a casualty report is required are listed in Chapter 2 of AR 600-8-1.
Upon notification of an Army civilian casualty, a representative from the Armys Benefits Center will
make contact with the NOK to discuss benefits and entitlements.
K-19. Casualty reporting of contractor personnel is conducted in the same manner as for Soldiers and
Army civilians, i.e., casualty reports are submitted through the casualty channels back to the Casualty and
Memorial Affairs Operations Center (CMAOC). Upon receipt of reports, CMAOC notifies the contracting
company/firm who conducts NOK notification.
REPLACEMENT MANAGEMENT

Appendix K
K-20. Army civilians typically deploy in a TDY status for a period of 179 days. MACOMs are
responsible for providing replacements. In those instances where the MACOM is unable to provide
replacements, the fill requirement is developed and requested by the ASCC via the World wide Individual
Augmentation System (WIAS)
K-21. Replacements for contractor personnel are the responsibility of the contractor.
PERSONNEL INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

K-22. Each deploying civilian should have a deployment packet prepared and provided by the
individuals home station /installation HR Office (CPAC) or employer. A copy of that deployment should
be hand carried to the CRC. The CRC will validate the completion of the deployment requirements and
provide the individual with a copy to take to the personnel support activity in the AOR. The deployment
packet serves as a field file. It consists of a personnel data sheet from the CPAC, DA Form 7425,
(Readiness and Deployment Checklist) medical summary, copy of the DD Form 93, clothing and
organizational equipment record, AOR clearance, and other requirements listed on the DA Form 7425.
K-23. For contractor personnel, the company name and its emergency POC and POC phone number will
be obtained by the CRC, mobilization station, or the AOR point of entry. This information will also be
entered into the civilian personnel data system, currently CIVTRACKS, and also placed in the deployment
packet.
POSTAL OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT

K-24. Postal services, to include free mail, are provided to deployed DOD civilian personnel in the same
manner as for Soldiers. Contract civilians who are authorized postal support may use the zip code of the
primary unit they support (for example, the zip code of the HHC of the division or corps support group)
unless the Military Postal Service Agency (MPSA) has designated a separate zip code. The postal platoon
and the S-1 provide the same support to contract civilians who move from unit to unit as they would for a
Soldier who changes units. Just as with Soldiers, civilian addresses must be kept current, primarily with
change of address cards.
POSTAL SUPPORT FOR CONTRACTORS AND OTHER CIVILIANS

K-25. The nationality of the contractor employee usually determines postal support. US citizen
contractor employees, who deploy in support of US armed forces, may be authorized use of the military
postal service (MPS) if there is no US postal service available and if MPS use is not precluded by the terms
of any international or host-nation agreement. Local nationals hired in-country by DOD, or subcontracted
by a DOD contractor, normally are provided with postal support through the existing host-nation system or
through arrangements made by the employing contractor. The effectiveness of postal support is directly
related to the personnel accountability system in place in the AO. The contractor accountability system
being used must interface with the AO postal system.
MORALE, WELFARE, AND RECREATION AND COMMUNITY SUPPORT

K-26. Deployed DOD civilians will have access to recreational activities, goods, services, and
community support programs such as the ARC, family support, and the exchange system.
CONTRACTOR MWR SUPPORT

K-27. Maintaining an acceptable quality of life is important to the overall morale of any organization,
including contractors. Deployed contractors have a responsibility to provide MWR and other quality-of-life

support to their employees as much as practical. AOR support contractors (local nationals) generally are
not provided MWR support.
K-28. The military may provide MWR support to contractor employees when contractor sources are not
available, subject to the combatant commanders discretion and the terms of the contract. The availability
of MWR programs in an AO vary with the deployment location. MWR activities available may include
self-directed recreation (e.g., issue of sports equipment), entertainment in coordination with the United
Service Organizations (USO) and the Armed Forces Professional Entertainment Office, military clubs, unit
lounges, and some types of rest centers.
K-29. US citizen contractor employees may be eligible to use Army and Air Force Exchange Service,
Navy Exchange, or Marine Corps Exchange facilities for health and comfort items. Use of these facilities is
based on the combatant commanders discretion, the terms and conditions of the contract, and any
applicable status of forces agreements.
ESSENTIAL PERSONNEL SERVICES

K-30. The home and AOR supervisor of deployed civilians ensure that deployed DOD civilians receive
essential personnel services and treatment comparable to that received by civilians who are not deployed.
These services may include such areas as DA civilian awards (performance, QSI, special act monetary
suggestions awards), DA civilian performance appraisals/ratings, supervisory documentation,
appointments, career programs, promotions and reductions, identification documents, health insurance, and
leaves. The supervisor within the local area provides input to deployed civilians award and performance
appraisals. That input is used by the home station supervisor in the completion of the official performance
appraisals and awards.
MOBILIZATION AND DEPLOYMENT

DOD CIVILIANS
K-31. AR 690-11, Civilian Personnel Mobilization Planning and Management, AR 500-5 (AMOPES,
Annexes C and E), and Chapter 3 of this manual provide further guidance on deployment of civilians. To
ensure accountability and preparedness of deploying DOD civilians, HQDA G-1 may designate a single
deployment site for all CONUS-based DA civilians, Army contractors, and ARC employees departing on
TDY or individually deploying to an operation.
K-32. MACOMs and Installations managers pre-identify DOD civilians (and potential replacements)
who will deploy in an operation and ensure that they maintain a state of wartime preparedness to include
preparation of family care plans. The Army Materiel Command Logistics Assistance Program is an
excellent example of how a command can pre-identify CONUS-based employees who will deploy. When
deploying civilians are not pre-identified, commanders seek volunteers or exercise management authority
as a last resort. HR management leaders must plan for the support of deployed civilians and plan to
assimilate them into the military personnel support system where appropriate.
DEPLOYMENT OF CONTRACTORS
K-33. The activities and movement of contractors on the battlefield must be orchestrated along with the
combat forces. To accomplish this, commanders must have accountability over all system- and external
support contractors.
K-34. HR managers will account for contractor personnel who deploy with the force, just as with
military and DACs. Accountability is best established in the pre-deployment stage, capturing the overall
deploying contractor employee presence supporting an operation from the point of origin.

Appendix K
K-35. The Army has created several sites within CONUS for expeditiously preparing individuals for
deployment and to process individuals during redeployment back to CONUS. These sites, CRCs,
expeditiously receive and certify individuals for deployment, redeployment, or demobilization; they
receive, out-process, and account for individuals returning from JOA. When it is not practical or
affordable, contractors deploying from Hawaii, Alaska, or Europe may not be required to process through
either a CRC, but may be processed from a location similar to a CRC or an installation in CONUS.
K-36. For various reasons, some system and external support contractors may inadvertently deploy
without processing through either a force-projection-platform processing center or a CRC. When this
occurs, the pre-deployment processing is conducted in the AO as soon as possible during the reception
processing.
K-37. Some contractors have what is called a habitual relationship with a military unit or organization.
A habitual relationship is usually a relationship where the Army is not able to deploy some weapon-
systems without also deploying the supporting contractors. In these types of relationships, contractor
personnel will normally conduct pre-deployment processing with the unit in which they have the habitual
relationship. This includes being TPFDD and deployed.
K-38. Contractor employees must flow into the AO in a controlled and managed fashion, usually in
accordance with the TPFDD. This provides the combatant commander and subordinate ASCC with
visibility over incoming contractor employees. Contractor arrival is handled in the same manner as with
arriving military forces. A formal reception and integration process is essential for both system and
external support contractors deploying into the theater.
K-39. During reception, accountability is continued for contractors originating from established military
POEs or established for those contractors entering the military system for the first time. Once initial
processing is completed, contractor employees and equipment are integrated into the military movement
control system for movement to their designated destinations. Contractors who have a habitual relationship
will normally undergo the RSOI process with the unit or organization with which they have the habitual
relationship.
K-40. During redeployment, civilians who deployed through a CRC are required to return back through
the same CRC. While deployed, all Army civilians are provided with the same career opportunities they
would have had if not deployed. Chapter 3 provides redeployment guidance.
CONTRACTOR REDEPLOYMENT
K-41. Upon completion of an operation, contractors re-deploy out of the AO as quickly as METT-TC
will allow. The timing of the departure of contractor support operations is as critical as that for military
forces. Orderly withdrawal or termination of contractor operations ensures that essential contractor support
remains until no longer needed and that movement of contractor equipment and employees does not
inadvertently hinder the overall re-deployment process. Essentially, contractor personnel should undergo
the same re-deployment process as military personnel. However, planners must determine the specific steps
desired and be aware of the cost associated with doing so.
K-42. Redeployment POEs perform essentially the same functions as those involved in deployment. The
procedures are similar, whether contractors are redeploying to their point of origin (home station) or to
another AO. Redeploying contractors will normally do so in the same manner in which they deployed
(either under government control or self-deploy).
K-43. Prior to arriving at the aerial ports of embarkation (APOE) /seaports of embarkation, contractors
should have accomplished the same preparations as the military forces. Similar to deployment, contractor
accountability measures continue, enabling the military to maintain accountability of and manage
contractors as they proceed through the re-deployment process.

K-44. Contractor employees who deployed through the CRC or individual deployment site should be
required to return through the same processing center for final out processing. The CRC or individual
deployment site is responsible for assisting the return of individual contractor employees and ensuring
employee protection, privacy, and transition from the deployment area to home. Contractor employees that
deployed with their habitually supported unit normally redeploys with that unit.
EMERGENCY-ESSENTIAL POSITIONS
K-45. A key element in identifying DOD civilians who will deploy is to define emergency-essential
positions, as outlined in DOD Directive 1404.10, Emergency-Essential (E-E) DOD U.S. Citizen Civilian
Employees. An E-E position is a position overseas or to be transferred overseas during a crisis situation, or
which requires the incumbent to deploy or perform temporary duty (TDY) assignments overseas in support
of a military operation. E-E designations are limited to positions that ensure success of combat operations
or that support combat-essential systems. E-E positions require uninterrupted performance to provide
immediate and continuing support. All E-E position descriptions and vacancy announcements should be
properly documented to reflect the E-E designation and requirements.
K-46. E-E civilians must be U.S. citizens, not subject to military recall. Family members of forward-
deployed E-E civilians are evacuated from a crisis location with the same priority and afforded the same
services and assistance as family members of military personnel.
K-47. A signed E-E statement of understanding is required to ensure that civilian members are fully
aware of the Army's expectations. However, a commander can direct DOD civilians, not designated E-E, to
deploy in a TDY status or to remain in an area already on TDY or permanent assignment in order to
perform duties essential to the military mission.
ENABLING SYSTEMS
K-48. Army Civilian Personnel System - Headquarters (ACPERS-HQ)
K-49. The System provides information on Army civilian personnel dynamic and static data; includes
strength accounting, employment, award, and performance data. The Headquarters Army Civilian
Personnel System (HQ ACPERS) is a reporting system for Army civilians. The Office of the Assistant G-1
for Civilian Personnel Policy maintains the system. The system reports Army civilian strength to higher
headquarters, the DOD, the Office of Personnel Management, and Congress. In addition to strength
reporting, the system includes data on employment, training, special employment, performance data,
awards, and acquisition data. The system allows users to query the database using online screens and
DataCom DataQuery. Numerous ad hoc reporting requirements are met through extensive off-line history
files.

*FM 1-0 (FM 12-6)
Appendix L
Retention Operations
Throughout most of American history, our military has been composed of volunteers.
However, conscription was the primary means of obtaining sufficient numbers of
military personnel during World Wars I and II and the Korean Conflict, to the point
that its renewal became perfunctory. In the late 1960s, President Richard Nixon
established a commission to study how best to procure military manpower retain
the draft or institute a volunteer military. After much debate within the
Administration, the Congress, and across the country, it was decided that an all-
volunteer force was feasible, affordable, and would enhance the nations security.
Thus, the authority for conscription was allowed to lapse on July 1, 1973. The last
conscript entered the Army on June 30 of that year.
The All Volunteer Force (AVF) has served the nation for more than a quarter century,
providing a military that is experienced, smart, disciplined, and representative of
America. Moreover, the AVF is more cost-effective than a conscripted force
according to many studies, including an external review by the auditing arm of
Congress, the U.S. General Accounting Office (GAO). The AVF continues to exceed
all expectations and supports the worlds best military force.
Vital to maintaining the AVF is the Armys Retention Program. Although reenlistment
is an important element, it is only a small facet of the overall program. When Soldiers
reenlist, they are demonstrating a selfless commitment to their nation, mission, unit,
and fellow Soldiers. The Armys challenge is to retain the right mix of Soldiers with a
Warrior Ethos mindset that are flexible, adaptive and competent. The Armys
Retention Program is about Army readiness.
At the heart of Army readiness is people. The American Soldier remains the
centerpiece of the Armys formations and will remain so in the future. Without
adaptive, confident and competent people, the lethality of our weapons or the
strategic responsiveness of our formations will not matter. Soldiers are the Army. The
Armys ability to retain Soldiers that are bright, honest, dedicated and totally
committed to the mission will remain a vital task for the Army.
The American Soldier represents the strength of liberty, justice, and hope. There is no
moral comparison between American Soldiers and their adversaries in wars
throughout our history. Soldiers believe in what they do. Despite danger, hardship,
and separation from family, they value their service to the country. Soldiers
understand, as a part of our non-negotiable contract with the American people, to
fight and win the Nation's wars; the sacrifices they make are part of Army life. These
same American people who have entrusted us to protect and defend freedom have
also entrusted the leaders of the Army to care for their most precious resource, their
sons and daughtersthe American Soldier.
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 L-1

Appendix L
The volunteer G.I.s of today stand watch in Korea, the Persian Gulf, Europe and the dangerous terrain of the
Balkans. We must never see them as mere hirelings, off in a corner of our society. They are our best, and we
owe them our full support and our sincerest thanks.
General Colin Powell

Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
REFERENCES
L-1. The following regulations provide policy and procedural guidance for the Army Retention
Program:
AR 601-280, Army Retention Program
AR 600-8-19, Enlisted Promotions and Reductions
AR 614-30, Overseas Service
AR 614-200, Enlisted Assignment and Utilization Management
AR 635-200, Active Duty Enlisted Administrative Separations
DA Pam 611-21 , Military Occupational Classification and Structure
PROPONENCY
L-2. The functional proponent for the Armys Retention Program is the Army G-1.
RESPONSIBILITY
L-3. The Army Retention Program is a commanders program. Commanders are the Retention
Officer for their respective commands. The program requires active involvement, support, and interest
at all levels of command, including the senior Noncommissioned Officer (NCO) Corps. Additionally,
the Command Sergeant Major as the senior enlisted Soldier in the command, is the Retention NCO for
their respective command. To be truly effective, enthusiastic involvement of all leaders to retain high
quality Soldiers is required to ensure the future of the Armys NCO Corps. Their total involvement is
essential to strengthen and sustain retention programs at all organizational levels.
MISSION
L-4. Improve readiness, force alignment and maintain Army end-strength through the development
and retention of Soldiers. Specifically, advise leaders and counsel Soldiers, employing the four phases
of the Army Career Counseling System to increase retention, and reduce unit level attrition.
CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS
L-5. The Army Career Counseling System is designed to increase retention and reduce attrition by
empowering Soldiers through counseling and mentoring. The Armys Retention System is intended to
enhance good leadership. The Army Career Counselor is a trained professional. Soldiers are required to
meet certain standards to achieve and maintain their qualifications for retention. It is the first line
supervisors role to ensure the Soldier is meeting the standards and it the responsibility of the command
team to ensure effective programs are in place. Soldiers are required to see an Army Career Counselor
annually to establish their career goals and to follow-up to ensure they are progressing towards those
goals. This system enables Soldiers to make educated decisions about their career.
L-2 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

THE ARMY CAREER COUNSELING LIFE CYCLE MODEL

L-6. The Army Career Counseling life cycle model reflects the stages that Soldiers will experience
at one time or another, and often concurrently, during service in the Army. Focusing on Quality
Soldiers as the centerpiece of the model, the functions performed in these stages train and develop
Soldiers into competent and versatile leaders, able to accomplish missions in a challenging and ever
changing global environment. The model details the critical stages through which a Soldier will move
during their career. Generally, the model depicts the life cycle of a Soldier from their arrival at the unit
through their life cycle of service progression (clockwise around Figure K1) to separation or
retirement. The challenge of the model, displayed by the interconnecting lines, is that the Army must
manage all of the stages simultaneously, since various Soldiers will be in each stage at any one time.
Any change to a stage or function within a stage will affect the Soldiers in most, if not all of the other
stages. In other words, if you fail to properly manage a Soldiers life cycle the response will vibrate
through the entire model affect all other stages.
Figure L-1. The Army Career Counseling Life Cycle
LIFE CYCLE STAGES

L-7. Integration. The first phase of the life cycle model, integration, is the foundation for all other
functions. The Integration Phase helps reduce turbulence with Soldiers when they arrive at their units.
The Soldiers first impression usually is the basis for most, if not all, of his career decisions.
L-8. Professional Development. Soldiers must understand the Army as a profession before they can
make informed decisions about their long-term career. During the professional development phase,
Soldiers experience a new way of life. This phase provides Soldiers the how to of being a
professional Soldier. It addresses the promotion and education systems (military and civilian), military
schools, reclassification, special programs, assignment processes, and short/long term goals.
L-9. Reenlistment. Reenlistment is the Soldiers conscious decision to bridge the gap between the
Army as an experience and the Army as a career. Reenlistment also serves to balance the force structure
and meet Army end-strength requirements.

Appendix L
L-10. Transition. Transition is the process of Soldiers separating from the active Army, but
remaining active in a Troop Program Unit (TPU). Transition provides the Soldier a means to separate
from active service and still remain a part of the Army. Transition also helps balance force structure and
end-strength by redistribution of Soldier resources between the Active and Reserve components.
L-11. Career Development. This stage focuses on career Soldiers. This function educates Soldiers on
maintaining a balancing the Armys missions with the Soldiers career goals. This system focuses on
centralized promotion systems, education (military and civilian), special duty assignments, retention
control points, and retirement. Soldier goals established earlier will be evaluated to meet career and
Army needs. The Career Development phase supplements the leader development process through
counseling and educating Soldiers.
L-12. Separation. Soldiers may separate voluntarily by not reenlisting or transitioning into the
reserve components following completion of an obligated or contracted service period, or by retiring.
Involuntary separation may occur due to a reduction in force structure or qualitative reasons. The Army
must separate Soldiers to maintain the quality and quantity of the force and to balance grade structure.
L-13. Attrition Management Band. The Attrition Management Band is designed to monitor attrition
in the unit. Once an attrition reason has been identified, it is the Career Counselors responsibility to
advise the commander and recommend training and or solutions to correct the problem. When attrition
is actively managed, the Army saves its most valuable investment and resource, its Soldiers.
THE ARMY CAREER COUNSELING SYSTEM

L-14. The Army Career Counseling System (Figure K-2) is a four-phase system that continues to
develop Soldiers throughout their career. The four phases of the Army Career Counseling System are
Integration, Professional Development, Sustainment and Career Development.
Figure L-2. The Army Career Counseling System

INTEGRATION PHASE
L-15. The Integration Phase reduces turbulence for Soldiers when they arrive at their new units. All
Soldiers will be counseled by their servicing career counselor within five working days after arrival to
ensure that critical areas have been addressed, i.e., sponsorship, basic human needs, personnel and
financial issues, military programs and family support groups.
PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT PHASE

L-16. The Army Career Counseling System uses development to educate and retain quality Soldiers.
The Professional Development Phase develops Soldiers serving on their initial enlistment. This phase
focuses on educating Soldiers on the Decentralized and Semi-centralized promotion systems, the Army
Continuing Education System, various military schools, reclassification (Career Counselors are
responsible for processing reclassification actions, to include eligibility and qualifications for
voluntary reclassification, special application procedures, medical reclassification and mandatory
PMOS disqualification.), special programs, important of diverse assignments, finding a mentor and
establishing short/long term goals. This phase helps the Soldiers understand the Army as a profession. It
provides the Soldier with an IPR (In-Progress Review) on their professional development and the
accomplishment of their goals. During this phase Soldiers must receive the following counseling, 30-60
days after assignment counseling by their career counselor, 90-120 days after assignment counseling by
their unit commander, and annually on their BASD (Basic Active Service Date) anniversary counseling
by the career counselor.
SUSTAINMENT PHASE
L-17. The Sustainment Phase helps Soldiers make the right career choices. The overall goal is to
match the needs, wants, and desires of a Soldier with current Army needs and to assist the Soldier
during the transition process. Retaining quality Soldiers enhances Army readiness in all components.
Reenlistment enhances Army readiness by aligning the current force with Army force structure
requirements based on established priorities at the time of reenlistment. Reenlistment supports Army
needs. The Commander and unit leaders are ultimately responsible for the retention of Soldiers at their
level. Career Counselors are technical experts charged with advising commanders on their retention
programs and determining Soldier eligibility for options and programs consistent with published
regulations and directives. Career Counselors provide advice and counsel. Transition comes in several
forms; enlistment in the Army National Guard, transition/enlistment in the U.S. Army Reserves,
retirement, ETS (Expiration of Term of Service) or administrative separation. No matter what decision
a Soldier makes, it is imperative the Soldier is counseled and mentored throughout the period of
transition. Ultimately Soldiers will become ambassadors for the Army within their civilian community.
CAREER DEVELOPMENT PHASE

L-18. Soldiers serving on their second or subsequent term of service in the Army will receive career
development counseling. It focuses on counseling Soldiers on the Army as a career. This function will
educate Soldiers on the Centralized Promotion System, education (military and civilian), special
programs and assignments, retention control points, retirement, indefinite reenlistment, mentoring,
establishing short/long term goals, etc. Short and long term goals established in the Professional
Development Phase will be adjusted to the individual Soldier. During this phase Soldiers receive the
following counseling; 30-60 days after reenlistment counseling by their Career Counselor, and annually
on their BASD anniversary counseling by the Career Counselor. The Career Development phase will
supplement the leader development process by counseling and educating Soldiers.

Appendix L
ATTRITION MANAGEMENT
L-19. Attrition is to be expected; however, it should not be willingly accepted. Leaders must ensure
that Soldiers have been given the opportunity to develop. The Army is a family; our Soldiers are our
future and the next generation. Soldiers are not expendable; they are critical resources and must be
conserved. Every separated Soldier must be replaced on a one for one basis. Leaders must take the steps
to keep attrition at minimum without lowering standards. Soldiers who do not respond to rehabilitation
measures will be separated. Soldiers who are separated prior to completing their contractual obligation
will be counseled on their entitlements. Soldiers separated for failure to meet Army standards can have
a negative impact on the Armys recruiting effort. Leaders need to ensure that these Soldiers are
separated with their dignity intact. The Attrition Management Program is designed to monitor attrition;
identify problem areas or units with high attrition, provide training to fix the problems and advise
commanders and leaders on alternatives to separation and rehabilitation.
What this country needs, it cannot buy. It needs dedicated Soldiers who see service to their country as an
affair of the heart.
General Creighton Abrams

Chief of Staff, United States Army
CAREER COUNSELORS ROLE IN PREPARATION FOR FULL SPECTRUM OPERATIONS

L-20. In preparation for deployment in support of full spectrum operations, it must be ensured that
all Career Counselors deploy with their units. The implementation of stop-loss and stop-movement does
not eliminate the requirement for Career Counselors to deploy. In the AVF stop-loss/stop-movement is
a temporary tool used to maintain Army end strength. The stop-loss program cannot be relied upon to
maintain sufficient numbers of highly qualified Soldiers on a long-term basis. The Army Retention
Program is the long-term answer for maintaining end strength. At the center of this program is the
Career Counselor.
L-21. The mission of the Career Counselor is two fold during Full Spectrum Operations. The first,
Counselors will continue to accomplish their units specific missions consistent with goals of the Army
Retention Program. The second is to accomplish other missions as assigned by the Commander and
Command Sergeant Major.
L-22. Upon deployment notification, units must ensure all deployed Soldiers have adequate Career
Counselor support. Rear detachment coverage will be accomplished IAW unit contingency SOP.
L-23. All units must establish a documented contingency plan. Contingency plans must be reviewed
and updated based upon known and expected missions / JOA. Subordinate units must also have a
detailed contingency plan that corresponds with plans of higher headquarters.
L-24. The contingency plan must include a detailed packing list to include the following (at a
minimum):
Laptop
Scanner
Printer (preferably all-in-one)
Digital Sender
U.S. flag
Storage containers
Software support package
Office supplies
Required forms

L-25. The contingency plan must address the following critical areas:
Screening all Soldiers records not serving on indefinite status and building them in RETAIN
prior to deployment
Notifying the proper agency of the connectivity requirements for the deployment duration
(NIPRNET accounts)
Establishing all necessary accounts
Reenlistment, Reclassification, And Assignment System (RETAIN)
Electronic Military Personnel Office (EMILPO)
Enlisted Distribution and Assignment System (EDAS)
Army Training Requirements and Resources System (ATRRS)
NIPR
L-26. Career Counselors must also be incorporated into the Deployment Processing to ensure
Soldiers are briefed on vital retention subjects (i.e. deployment extensions, stop-loss/stop-movement).
Company-level additional duty Reenlistment NCOs must be identified and trained for continual
retention support, especially for dispersed units. It is essential that Career Counselors stay actively
engaged in every part of the deployment processing, such as manifest planning.
PREPARATION FOR DEPLOYMENT

UNIT
L-27. Career Counselor responsibilities include the following critical tasks:
Establish a unit (Standing Operating Procedure (SOP) or review /update the current one. Have it
reviewed by Career Counselors at higher HQ. Review and compare against higher HQs
Follow the guidelines of the Deployment Contingency Plan in unit SOP
Equipment Packing List.
Laptop IAW most current requirements to operate RETAIN
All in one printer, fax, copier, and scanner
Flash memory stick
Digital camera
Communication access (phone, fax, and internet with appropriate band width)
Electronic document sender (digital sender)
Minimum of two TAC tote boxes per counselor
US Flag
General Office Supplies
Obtain military drivers license for the units vehicles type
Software/Army Systems Access
Adobe Professional (Read/Write Adobe .PDF Files)
RETAIN
E-MILPO
Identify Deploying Soldiers, Screen Records and create Digital Retention Data File
Career Counselors will review the records of all Soldiers not serving on indefinite status
Career Counselors will review each Soldiers MPRJ (201 File), current Enlisted Records Brief
(ERB), and current APFT with BF% worksheet (if applicable)
Complete DA Form 4591-R (Rentention Data Worksheet) for all Non-Indefinite Soldiers
Prepare all Non-Indefinite Soldiers in RETAIN
Coordinate Connex support as required and needed

Appendix L
BCT/BRIGADE
L-28. BCT/BRIGADE level Career Counselor responsibilities include the following critical tasks:
Ensure units have all required equipment, software, and supplies
Ensure units have screened all Soldiers records
Ensure units have a comprehensive Retention SOP
Ensure units have all Soldiers prepared in RETAIN
DIVISION
L-29. Division level Career Counselor responsibilities include the following critical tasks:
Ensure the unit and BCT retention programs are staffed with MOS qualified Career Counselors.
Ensure BCTs have all required equipment and provide assets if needed
Ensure BCTs have processed all assigned personnel for retention processing
Ensure BCTs have an established Retention SOP and are utilizing it
CAREER COUNSELORS ROLE IN SUPPORT OF FULL SPECTRUM OPERATIONS

L-30. The Army Retention Program plays a continuous role throughout full spectrum operations
including offensive, defensive, stability, and support operations. Army retention is a system that ensures
deployed forces have access to career counseling and reenlistment processing. The Army Career
Counseling System is designed to provide commanders with the flexibility needed to adjust priorities,
as the situation requires. Army Retention affects unit strength. During periods of deployment the Army
Career Counselor may assist other members of the unit staff, depending on the OPTEMPO as directed
by the Commander and Command Sergeant Major.
RESPONSIBILITIES
UNIT
L-31. Unit Career Counselor responsibilities include the following critical tasks:
Accomplish specific missions consistent with goals of the Army Retention Program
Establish communications (network) capable of supporting RETAIN, E-MILPO, EDAS,
ATRRS, and e-mail
Verify all Career Counselors, Reenlistment NCOs, and unit leadership locations and establish
a communication channel with reliable information flow; report to higher headquarters
Establish a communication and distribution system with Rear Detachment retention elements
Coordinate transportation to Soldiers locations
Ensure workspace is secured
Counsel Soldiers on how options are affected by current Army movement policies
Counsel Soldiers on current bonus incentives while deployed
Counsel Soldiers on Career opportunities in the Reserve Component
Plan and conduct reenlistment ceremonies
BCT/BRIGADE
L-32. BCT/BRIGADE level Career Counselor responsibilities include the following critical tasks:
Receive retention mission from higher headquarters
Issue retention mission to BCT/BRIGADE-level units

Establish communications (network) capable of supporting RETAIN, E-MILPO, EDAS,

ATRRS, and e-mail
Verify all Career Counselors and unit leadership locations and establish a communication
channel with reliable information flow; report to higher headquarters
Locate/contact local Finance, HR services, and other supporting agencies and establish working
procedures
Establish a communication and distribution system with Rear Detachment retention elements.
Ensure workspace is secured
DIVISION
L-33. The Division retention cell is responsible for retention management. Its responsibilities include
the following critical tasks:
Maintain communications with all subordinate units and higher Retention headquarters
Ensure communications with home station is intact and consistent
Ensure distribution is established and maintained
Ensure all subordinate units are provided with full support on Retention issues
SUMMARY
L-34. To ensure the continued success of the Army Retention Program, command involvement is
crucial. Leaders at all levels must support the retention program through active support, and interest.
Every Soldier that leaves the Army must be replaced with another. Leadership can make the difference
between an Army experience and an Army career. Leaders at all levels must continue to focus on taking
care of Soldiers and retaining quality Soldiers. By doing this, we can ensure the continued quality and
success of the Army, Army Reserve, and Army National Guard of today and the future.

*FM 1-0 (FM 12-6)
Appendix M
HR Rear Detachment (RD) Operations
REFERENCES
M-1. The following regulations provide additional policy and procedural guidance for HR RD
operations.
AR 600-20 Command Policy, May 02
600-8 Publication Series
DA PAM 608-47, Family Readiness Group Support and Funding, 2 June 2005
The Army Family Readiness Handbook, CFSC
PROPONENCY
M-2. The proponent for HR RD Operations is the Army G-1. The functional proponent is The Adjutant
General (TAG), Human Resources Command.
RESPONSIBILITIES
M-3. HR support personnel at all levels are responsible for HR RD operations. Rear Detachments
provide a vital link between the units deployed Soldiers, home station, and family readiness groups
(FRG). HR RD support personnel are responsible for sustaining all HR core competencies during unit
deployment.
HR RD OPERATIONS
M-4. All unit HR support operations continue throughout deployment for RD personnel. As such, the
HR RD support element will:
Provide and coordinate all essential personnel services for RD Soldiers.
Maintain personnel accountability of all non-deployed personnel.
Process newly arrived Soldiers who are replacements and coordinate deployment as requested
from deployed S-1/G-1 personnel.
At Brigade/BCT level, provide record custodian for MPF for all assigned deployed Soldiers.
At Brigade/BCT level, remain connected to all HR systems, to ensure RD data is correct and
updated.
Record custodian verifies SGLV/DD93 data for local CAC as casualties occur.
Maintain an FRG Leader on appointment orders.
Maintain the rear detachment personnel alert roster.
Prepare and publish assumption of RD Command orders. Ensure orders for the Battalion RD
Commander include UCMJ authority.
Collect and maintain SRP packets on non-deploying Soldiers.
Maintain OER/NCOER rating schemes are established for RD Soldiers.
Publish mailroom hours of operation and establish procedures for accountability and receipt of
mail.
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 M-1

Appendix M
Maintain an inventory of personal property for deployed personnel and place in the Soldiers
SRP packet.
Coordinate reception of unit personnel upon redeployment.
Provide support to Soldiers temporarily returned from deployment
Coordinate between deployed HR elements, home station and higher echelon HR support
organizations.
M-2 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

*FM 1-0 (FM 12-6)
Glossary
Acronym/Term Definition
AAFES Army Air Force Exchange Service
ACE Army Caualty Estimator
ACPERS Army Civilian Personnel System
ACSIM Assistant Chief of Staff for Installation Management
ADP Automatic Data Processing
AIFA AAFES Imprest Fund Activities
AIT Automated Identification Technology
AMEDD Army Medical Department
AMEDDC&S Army Medical Center Department Center and School
AMOPES Army Mobilization and Operations Planning and Execution
AO Area of Operation
APO Army Post Office
APOD Air Port of Debarkation
APOE Air Port of Embarkation
A&R Athletic and Recreation

ARFOR Army Forces
ASCC Army Service Component Commander/Army Service Component Command
ASI Additional Skill Identifier
AUEL Automated Unit Equipment List
AVF All Volunteer Force
BCT Brigade Combat Team
BSA Brigade Support Area
C2 Command and Control

CCIR Commander's Critical Information Requirements
CJTF Combined Joint Task Force/Commander of the Joint Task Force
CAC Casualty Area Command
CLT Casualty Liaison Team
CMAOC Casualty and Memorial Affairs Operations Center
COCOM Combatant Command
CONUS Continental United States
CRC Continental United States Replacement Center
CTA Common Table of Allowances
DA Department of the Army
DCS Deployment Cycle Support
DEERS Defense Enrollment Eligibility Reporting System
DCIPS Defense Casualty Information Processing System
DH Death Hostile
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 Glossary-1

Glossary
DIMHRS Defense Integrated Military Human Resources System

DO Death Other
DoD Department of Defense
EDAS Enlisted Distribution and Assignment System
EEC Emergency Essential Civilian
EECP Early Entry Command Post
eMILPO Electronic Military Personnel Office
EO Equal Opportunity
EPW Enemy Prisoner of War
FBCB2 Force XXI Battle Command-Brigade and Below
GCSS Global Combat Support System
GTN Global Transportation Network
HCP Health and Comfort Pack
HQDA Headquarters, Department of the Army
HR Human Resources
HRC Human Resources Command
HROC Human Resources Operations Cell
HRS Human Resources Support
HRSC Human Resources Sustainment Center
IFR In-Flight Report
IM Information Management
IMA Installation Management Agency
IOI Injured other Ill
IPB Initial Planning Brief
IPR In-Progress Review
IRR Individual Ready Reserve
ISB Intermediate Staging Base
ITAPDB Integrated Total Army Personnel Database
JCS Joint Chiefs of Staff
JFC Joint Force Commander
JHQ Joint Headquarters
JIM Joint, Interagency, and Multi-national
JIMB Joint Information Management Board
JMAO Joint Mortuary Affairs Office
JMPA Joint Military Postal Activity
JOA Joint Operations Area
JOPES Joint Operations Planning and Execution System
JPERSTAT Joint Personnel Status Report
JMD Joint Manning Document
JMPA Joint Military Postal Agency
JPG Joint Planning Group
Glossary-2 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

Glossary
JPRC Joint Personnel Reception Center

JTF Joint Task Force
KIA Killed In Action
LOD line Of Duty
LOGCAP Logistical Civilian Augmentation Program
MCA Movement Control Agency
MCC Movement Control Center
MCT Movement Control Team
M-DAY Date of Unit Mobilization
MDP Mail Delivery Point
METT-T Mission, Enemy, Troops, Terrain, Time
METT-TC Mission, Enemy, Troops, Terrain, Time, Civillians
MIA Missing In Action
MMT Military Mail Terminal
MPSA Military Postal Service Agency
MTF Medical Treatment Facility
MWR Morale, Welfare, and recreation
NAF Non-Appropriated Fund
NBI Non-Battle Injury
NEO Noncombatant Evacuation Operations
NGB National Guard Bureau
NGO Non-Government Organization
NOK Next Of Kin
OCAR Office of the Chief, Army Reserve
OD Other Detainee
OEF Operation Enduring Freedom
OIF Operation Iraqi Freedom
OPCON Operational Control
OPTEMPO Operational Tempo
PASR Personnel Accounting and Strength Reporting
POD Point Of Debarkation
POE Point Of Embarkation
PRR Personnel Requirements Report
PSM Personnel Strength manager
R5 Reception, Replacement, Rest and Recuperation, Redeployment,
and Return to Duty
ROAMS Replacement Operations Automated Management Systems
RSO&I Reception, Staging, Onward Movement, and Integration
RTD Return To Duty
SITREP Situation Report
SJA Staff Judge Advocate
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 Glossary-3

Glossary
SOP Standard Operating Procedure

SOSAHR The Army Human Resources System of Systems Architecture
SPOD Sea Port Of Debarkation
SPOE Sea Port Of Embarkation
SRP Soldier Readiness Processing
TAG The Adjutant General
TAMMIS Theater Army Medical Management Information System

TAPDB Total Army Personnel Database
TPFDD Time-Phased Force Deployment Data
TPFDL tTme-Phased Force Deployment List
TOE Table Of Organization
TOPMIS-II The Officer Personnel Management Information System-II
TPS Tactical Deployment System
TTHS Trainee, Transient, Holdee, and Student
UCMJ Uniform Code of Military Justice
USACFSC United States Army Community and Family Support Center
USACFSC United States Army Community and Family Support Center,
Directorate of Family Programs
USAFSC-FS United States Army Community and Family Support Center,
Family Support Directorate
USO United Service Organizations
USPS United States Postal System
WH Wounded Hostile
WIA Wounded In Action
Glossary-4 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

*FM 1-0 (FM 12-6)
References
ARMY PUBICATIONS
AR 5-3, Installation Management and Organization.
AR 5-9, Area Support Responsibilities
AR 60-10, Army and Air Force Exchange Service General Policies
AR 60-20, Army and Air Force Exchange Operating Policies
AR 135-205, Enlisted Personnel Management
AR 215-1, Morale, Welfare and Recreation (MWR) Activities and Nonappropriated Fund
Instrumentalities
AR 215-3, Nonappropriated Funds Personnel Policy
AR 215-4, Nonappropriated Fund Contracting
AR 220-90, Army Bands
AR 360-1, Community Relations
AR 500-5, The Army Mobilization Operations, Planning, and Execution System (AMOPES).
AR 600-6, Special Duty Pay
AR 600-8-1, Army Casualty Operations/Assistance/Insurance
AR 600-8-3, Unit Postal Operations
AR 600-8-4, Line of Duty Investigation
AR 600-8-6, Personnel Accounting and Strength Reporting
AR 600-8-10, Leave and Passes
AR 600-8-11, Reassignments
AR 600-8-19, Enlisted Promotions & Reductions
AR 600-8-14, Identification Cards for Members of the Uniformed Services, Their Family
Members, and Other Eligible Personnel
AR 600-8-22, Military Awards
AR 600-8-24, Officer Transfers & Discharges
AR 600-8-29, Officer Promotions
AR 600-8-101, Personnel Processing (In-Out, Soldier Readiness, Mobilization and Deployment
Processing)
AR 600-8-103, Battalion S1
AR 600-8-104, Military Personnel Information Management/Records
AR 600-8-111, Wartime Replacement Operations
AR 600-34, Fatal Accident
AR 600-20, Army Command Policy
AR 601-280, Army Retention Program
AR 608-1, Army Community Service Center
AR 608-10, Child Development Services
AR 608-18, The Army Family Advocacy Program
AR 614-1, The Army Replacement System
AR 614-100, Officer Assignment Policies, Details and Transfers
AR 623-105, Officer Evaluation Reporting Systems
AR 623-205, NCO Evaluation Reporting System
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 References-1

References
AR 635-5-1, Separation Program Designator (SPD) Codes

AR 635-200, Active Duty Enlisted Administrative Separations
AR 638-2, Care and Disposition of Remains and Disposition of Personal Effects
AR 672-3, Unit Citation and Campaign Participation Credit Register
AR 672-20, Incentive Awards
Operations
AR 715-9, Contractors Accompanying the Force eMILPO, Functional Guidance
AR 700-137, Logistics Civil Augmentation Program (LOGCAP)
AR 672-3, Unit Citation and Campaign Participation Credit Register
AR 672-20, Incentive Awards
AR 930-4, Army Emergency Relief
AR 930-5, American National Red Cross Service Program and Army Utilization
AR 600-20 Command Policy, May 02
DA PAM 220-90, Army Bands, A Guide for Senior Commanders
DA PAM 60041 1 January 1987, Military Personnel Managers Mobilization Handbook
DA PAM 60081, Information Handbook for Operating Continental United States (CONUS)
Replacement Centers and Individual Deployment Sites
DA PAM 608-47, Family Readiness Group Support and Funding, 2 June 2005
DA PAM 611-21 , Military Occupational Classification and Structure
DA PAM 635-4, Pre-separation Guide
DA PAM 690-47, DA Civilian Deployment Guide
Department of Defense Instruction Number 1000.1, Identity Cards Required by the Geneva
Conventions
DoD Directive 5200.33, Defense Courier Service (DCS)
DoD Directive 8320. 1, DoD Data Administration
DoD Directive 8910.1, Management and Control of Information Requirements
DoD Instruction 5410.18, Public Affairs Community Relations Policy
DoD Directive 1200.7, "Screening the Ready Reserve."
DoD Directive 1404.10, "Emergency-Essential (E-E) DoD U.S. Citizen Civilian Employees."
DoD Directive 1400.31, "DoD Civilian Work Force Contingency and Emergency Planning and
Execution (Draft)."
DoD Directive 3025.14 "Noncombatant Evacuation Operations."
DoD Instruction 1400.32, DoD Civilian Work Force Contingency and Emergency Planning
Guidelines and Procedures
DoD Manual 1348.33, Manual of Military Decorations & Awards
DoD 4525.6-M, DoD Postal Manual
DoD Directive 4525.6, Single Manager for Military Postal Service
DoD 4525.6-H, Mail Distribution Instructions and Labeling Handbook (MDILAH)
DoD 4525.6-L-1, Military Post Office Location List (MPOLL)
DoD Instruction 1000.1, "Identity Cards Required by the Geneva Convention."
DoD Instruction 1444.2, "Consolidation of Automated Civilian Personnel Records."
DoD Pub 1400.25-M, "Civilian Personnel Manual (CPM)."
FM 1-19, U.S. Army Bands
FM 3-100.21, Contractors on the Battlefield.
References-2 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

References
FM 4-0 (FM100-10), Combat Service Support

FM 4-93.4 (FM 63-4), Theater Support Command
FM 6-0 Mission Command: Command and Control of Army Forces
FM 7- 15 The Army Universal Task List
FM 100-9, Reconstitution
FM 100-10-1, Theater Distribution
FM 100-17-3, Reception, Staging, On-Ward Movement, and Integration (RSOI)
FM 100-22, Installation Management (Draft).
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY FORMS

DA Form 1156, Casualty Feeder Card
DA Form 4591-R, Retention Data Worksheet
DA Form 7425, Readiness and Deployment Checklist
DA Form 2028, Recommended Changes to Publications and Blank Forms
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE FORMS

DD Form 93, Record of Emergency Data
DD Form 285, Appointment of Military Postal Clerk, Unit Mail Clerk or Mail Orderly
JOINT PUBLICATIONS
CJCSM 3500.04B CH 1 01 Nov1999 Universal Joint Task List
JP 1-0. Doctrine for Personnel Support to Joint Operations
JP 3-35. Joint Deployment and Redeployment operations
JP 4-01.8, Joint Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Joint Reception, Staging, Onward
Movement, and Integration
READING RECOMMENDED
Deployed Theater Accountability Software (DTAS), Functional Guidance
Installation Management Agency (IMA) Organization and Operation (O&O) Plan (revised)
600-8 publication series
General Order 4, Assistant Chief of Staff for Installation Management, 22 August 2002
NGR 600-12, The National Guard Family Program
Unit Guide to AAFES Imprest Fund Activity Operations
USARC Reg 608-1, Family Readiness Handbook
USC Title 10, United States Code, Armed Forces
USC Title 10 Section 1501-1512, Missing Personnel Act (Hostile)
USC Title 10 1481-1490
USC Title 31, United States Code, Money and Finance
USC Title 32, Code of Federal Regulations, National Defense
USC Title 39, United States Code, Postal Service
USC Title 37 Section 551-559, Missing Persons Act (Non-hostile)
USC Title 49, Code of Federal Regulations, Transportation
USPS Domestic Mail Manual (DMM) and International Mail Manual (IMM)
USPS Publication 38, Department of Defense and USPS Postal Agreement
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 References-3

References
USPS Transportation Handbook Series T-7, Handling, Dispatching, and Transporting Military
Mail by Air
References-4 FM 1-0 21 February 2007

*FM 1-0 (FM 12-6)
Index
A Civilian Personnel, A-1, A-9, B

Essential Personnel Services,
1, F-1, F-4, K-1, K-4, K-5, K

1-2, 1-4, 4-1, 4-6, F-1, F-2,
AAFES, 1-1, 1-5, 3-12, 3-17, 4

7, K-9, 1, 2
K-7
8, 5-13, H-1, H-2, H-3, H-4,
H-5, H-7, H-8, H-9, H-10, K

contractors, vii, 1-1, 3-14, 3-20,
H
2, K-3, 1, 3
3-24, 5-8, 5-9, B-1, B-8, E-3,
E-4, F-4, K-2, K-3, K-4, K-5,

HR Company, 2-3, 3-1, 3-9, 3
American Red Cross, 1-5, H-2,

K-6, K-7, K-8
26, 3-27, 3-28, 3-29, 3-30, 3
H-4, H-5, H-6, H-7, K-2

31, 3-32, 3-33, 3-34, 3-35, 3
CONUS Replacement Center,

36, 3-37, 4-7, 5-7, D-4, I-2, I
Army bands, 1-5, 2-2, 3-43, 5

3-1, 3-13, H-4, K-3
13, J-1, J-2

5, I-6
core competencies, v, 1-2, 1-3,

HR Operations Cell, 2-3, 3-22,
ASCC, 1-4, 1-7, 1-8, 2-1, 2-3,

1-5, 1-7, 1-8, 2-2, 2-3, 3-1,
3-1, 3-3, 3-4, 3-14, 3-16, 3

3-23, 3-24, 3-28, 4-7, 4-9, 5
3-3, 3-5, 3-7, 3-10, 3-16, 3

7, D-4, D-5
17, 3-18, 3-19, 3-20, 3-21, 3

19, 4-1, 4-3, 4-4, 4-5, 4-6, 4
22, 3-24, 3-25, 3-26, 3-27, 3

7, 4-8, 5-5, 5-6, 5-7, 5-8, 5
HR Plans and Operations, 1-5
29, 3-31, 3-34, 3-36, 3-37, 3

11, C-1, C-4, I-1, M-1
HR services, 1-4, 2-3, 2-4, 3-2,
38, 3-39, 3-40, 4-5, 4-8, 5-6,

4-1, 4-6, L-9
5-7, 5-8, 5-9, 5-11, 5-12, A

Corps, 1-7, 1-8, 2-1, 2-3, 3-1,
2, A-4, A-5, A-6, A-8, B-3, B

3-3, 3-4, 3-7, 3-8, 3-9, 3-10,
HR Transformation, 2-1, 4-1
4, B-6, B-7, B-8, C-3, C-4, D

3-11, 3-26, 3-31, 3-33, 3-34,
HRC, 1-1, 1-4, 2-3, 3-1, 3-9, 3
4, D-5, D-8, D-9, E-4, E-5, E

3-35, 3-37, 3-38, 3-39, 3-40,
12, 3-15, 3-19, 3-20, 3-37, 4
6, E-7, F-5, G-4, G-5, G-7,

3-41, 5-7, A-6, B-3, C-3, D-2,
3, 4-4, 4-5, 4-6, 5-9, 5-10, 5
G-8, G-9, H-4, H-5, H-6, H-8,

D-4, D-9, E-3, E-4, F-3, F-4,
11, 5-12, A-2, A-3, A-4, A-5,
H-9, H-10, I-4, I-5, J-2, K-3,

G-4, G-7, G-11, H-2, H-3, H
A-6, A-8, B-1, B-4, B-5, C-1,
K-6, K-8, 1
4, H-8, H-9, H-10, I-6, J-2, K
C-3, C-5, C-6, D-7, D-8, E-1,
7, L-2
E-4, E-5, E-7, F-2, G-2, K-3,
AUTL, 1-2, 1-3
CRC, 3-12, 3-13, 5-11, D-7, D

K-5, 2
awards and decorations, 1-4,

8, D-9, K-3, K-6, K-8, K-9, 1
3-17, 4-6, F-2

HRSC, 1-9, 3-1, 3-16, 3-18, 3
D 19, 3-20, 3-21, 3-22, 3-23, 3
B 24, 3-25, 3-27, 3-29, 3-31, 3
DA Form 1156, E-2, E-3, E-5,

36, 3-37, 3-38, 3-39, 4-6, 5
Battalion, 1-8, 2-2, 3-1, 3-2, 3

E-8, E-9
3, 3-5, 3-9, 3-11, 3-12, 3-13,

7, 5-8, 5-11, 5-12, A-4, B-3,
3-15, 3-23, 4-3, 4-4, 4-6, 5-4,

DCIPS, 4-6, 4-7, C-2, C-3, C-5,
B-4, C-3, D-4, D-5, D-10, E
A-2, A-3, B-2, B-5, C-1, C-2,

E-2, E-3, E-5, E-7, E-9, E
4, E-6, E-7, G-4, G-5, G-9, I
D-1, D-3, E-2, E-3, F-4, F-5,

10, 1
2, I-5, I-6, 2
F-6, G-3, G-4, G-6, G-11, H

Department of the Army G-1, 3
Human Resources Command,
3, I-4, I-12, K-3, M-1, 1

1, 3-15
1-1, 3-1, 3-15, 4-4, 5-9, 5-10,
Battlefield Flow, A-7, B-6, D-9,

Division G-1, 3-31, 4-7, A-3, D
A-8, B-1, B-4, C-1, E-1, F-2,
E-6, G-5, G-9, H-8

9, G-4, H-3, I-6
G-2, M-1, 2
DTAS, 3-19, 3-30, 4-2, 4-3, 4

I
C 4, 4-5, 4-6, A-4, A-8, B-1, B
casualty estimate, A-2, I-6, I-7,

ID cards, 3-6, F-4
3, B-4, B-8, C-2, C-3, C-4,
I-9
C-5, C-6, D-3, D-4, D-5, D-9,
L
casualty estimation, 4-8, A-5, I
D-10, G-12, K-5, 3
leaves and passes, 1-4, 4-6, F
6, I-7
5
E
Casualty Feeder Card, 4-6, E
Line of Duty, 5-8, E-1, E-3, F-1,
2, E-3
EDAS, 4-4, A-8, C-3, C-5, L-7,
L-8, L-9, 2
F-5, 1
Casualty Liaison Team, 3-1, 3
9, 3-37, 3-38, 4-6, E-6, I-6, 1

eMILPO, 3-19, 3-25, 3-30, 4-4,
M
4-6, 4-7, A-8, A-9, B-1, B-3,
Military Mail Terminal Team, 3
casualty operations
B-4, B-9, C-2, C-3, C-4, C-5,
management, 1-4, 3-37, 5-7,

1, 3-21
E-1, E-4, E-5

Military pay transactions, F-6
Enlisted Promotions and
casualty platoon headquarters,

Reductions, F-3, L-2
MWR, 1-1, 1-2, 1-5, 1-7, 1-9, 2
3-20
2, 3-9, 3-16, 3-17, 3-37, 4-1,
4-7, 5-13, H-1, H-2, H-3, H
21 February 2007 FM 1-0 Index-1
Index
4, H-5, H-6, H-8, H-9, H-10,

Personnel Records
Reception, replacement,
I-4, I-13, J-2, K-6, K-7, 3, 1

Maintenance, F-5
return-to-duty, rest and
MWR operations, 1-5

personnel support, 1-1, 3-2, 4
recuperation, and
7, H-6, I-3, I-4, K-1, K-2, K-6,

redeployment, 1-4, D-8
O K-7
Replacement Company, 3-1, 3
officer evaluations, 1-4

Postal operations, I-13
13, 3-14, 3-15
officer procurement, 1-4, F-5

Postal Plans and Operations
Retention Operations, L-1
Officer Promotions, F-1, F-4, 1

Team, 3-26, 3-28, 3-29, 3
ROAMS, C-6, 3
32, I-6
RSOI, 3-24, 5-1, 5-5, 5-6, A-1,
P
postal platoon, 3-31, 4-7, G-3,
D-2, D-8, D-9, I-4, K-8, 3
Personnel Accounting and

G-4, G-5, G-7, G-8, G-9, G
Strength Reporting, 1-3, 1-4,

11, K-6
S
4-1, 4-4, A-1, B-1, B-7, B-8,
Special Troops Battalion, 3-3
C-1, D-1, K-5, 3, 1

R
personnel actions, 4-6, 5-10, B
R5 Plans & Operations Team,
T
9, C-5, F-3
3-1
transfers and discharges, 1-4,
personnel information
R5 Platoon Headquarters, 3-1,
3-2, 3-4, 3-6, 3-8, F-4
management, 1-7, B-4

3-32, 3-33, F-4, I-5, I-6
V
personnel readiness
R5 Team, 3-1, 3-20, 3-23, 3
VSAT, 2-3, 4-3, C-4
management, 1-4, 1-7, 1-9,

24, 3-25, 3-26, 3-27, 5-7, 5
5-12, A-1, A-5, B-1, I-1

11, B-4, B-6, D-5, D-8, D-9,
I-5, I-6
Index-2 FM 1-0 21 February 2007
FM 1-0
21 February 2007
By order of the Secretary of the Army:
PETER J. SCHOOMAKER
General, United States Army
Chief of Staff
Official:
JOYCE E. MORROW
Administrative Assistant to the
Secretary of the Army
0703114
DISTRIBUTION:
Active Army, Army National Guard, and U.S. Army Reserve: To be distributed in accordance with the
initial distribution number (IDN) 114404, requirements for FM 1-0.
PIN: 083832-000

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*FM 1-0 (FM 12-6)

Human Resources Support

DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

Headquarters, Department of the Army

*FM 1-0 (FM 12-6)

Field Manual Headquarters

Human Resources Support

What Has Changed ................................................................................................v

Administrative Information ..................................................................................... vi

Chapter 1 HUMAN RESOURCES SUPPORT.................................................................... 1-1

Mission ............................................................................................................... 1-1

Strategic Support................................................................................................ 1-1

Operational and Tactical Support....................................................................... 1-1

Functions of Human Resources Support ........................................................... 1-1

Manning the Force.............................................................................................. 1-3

Personnel Support.............................................................................................. 1-5

HR Planning and Staff Operations ..................................................................... 1-5

Characteristics of Human Resources Support................................................... 1-6

HR Support to Operations .................................................................................. 1-7

Theater Opening................................................................................................. 1-9

Chapter 2 HR SUPPORT IN ARMY TRANSFORMATION ................................................ 2-1

HR Transformation ............................................................................................. 2-1

Chapter 3 HUMAN RESOURCES ORGANIZATIONS AND RESPONSIBILITIES ........... 3-1

Battalion S-1 Section .......................................................................................... 3-1

Special Troops Battalion (STB) S-1 Section ...................................................... 3-3

Brigade/BCT S-1 Section ................................................................................... 3-5

Division G-1 ........................................................................................................ 3-7

CORPS G-1...................................................................................................... 3-10

Conus Replacement Center (CRC) / Replacement Battalion .......................... 3-12

Replacement Company.................................................................................... 3-13

Distribution Restriction: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

*This publication supersedes FM 12-6, 9 Sep 94.

21 February 2007 FM 1-0

Human Resources Command (HRC) ...............................................................3-15

Department of the Army G-1.............................................................................3-15

Human Resource Sustainment Center .............................................................3-18

Military Mail Terminal Team..............................................................................3-21

Theater Gateway R5 Team...............................................................................3-23

HR Company Headquarters .............................................................................3-26

HR Company Postal Plans and Operations Team ...........................................3-28

HR Company R5 Plans and Operations Team.................................................3-29

Postal Platoon ...................................................................................................3-31

R5 Platoon Headquarters .................................................................................3-32

R5 Personnel Accounting Team .......................................................................3-34

Casualty Platoon Headquarters........................................................................3-35

Casualty Liaison Team .....................................................................................3-37

Human Resources Operations Cell ..................................................................3-38

Chapter 4 BRIGADE/BCT S-1 SECTION OPERATIONS ..................................................4-1

HR Core Competencies in S-1 Operations.........................................................4-4

Personnel Support ..............................................................................................4-7

HR Planning and Operations ..............................................................................4-8

Chapter 5 HUMAN RESOURCES SUPPORT OF FORCE PROJECTION OPERATIONS5-1

Force Projection Process....................................................................................5-1

Reception, Staging, Onward Movement, and Integration (RSOI) ......................5-5

Personnel Flow ...................................................................................................5-7

Unit Redeployment Responsibilities ...................................................................5-8

Early Entry Operations......................................................................................5-11

Follow-On Forces / Sustainment Operations....................................................5-12