TDA1085CD
TDA1085CD
TDA1085CD
OnChip Ramps Generator SoftStart Load Current Limitation Tachogenerator Circuit Sensing Direct Supply from AC Line Security Functions Peformed by Monitor
16 1
16 1
ORDERING INFORMATION
Device TDA1085CD TDA1085C Operating Temperature Range TJ = 10 to +120C Package SO16 Plastic DIP
9 10 8
Voltage Reg
Monitoring Reset
+ Control Amp.
0.7 V
Current Limiter
12 11 4 5 6 3
VCC
7 16 14 15 2 1 13
Sawtooth Capacitor
Voltage Synchronization
Current Synchronization
Rev 5
TDA1085C
MAXIMUM RATINGS (TA = 25C, voltages are referenced to Pin 8, ground)
Rating Power Supply, when externally regulated, VPin 9 Maximum Voltage per listed pin Pin 3 Pin 4567131416 Pin 10 Maximum Current per listed pin Pin 1 and 2 Pin 3 Pin 9 (VCC) Pin 10 shunt regulator Pin 12 Pin 13 Maximum Power Dissipation Thermal Resistance, JunctiontoAir Operating Junction Temperature Storage Temperature Range Symbol VCC VPin + 5.0 0 to + VCC 0 to + 17 IPin 3.0 to + 3.0 1.0 to + 0 15 35 1.0 to + 1.0 200 PD RJA TJ Tstg 1.0 65 10 to + 120 55 to + 150 W C/W C C mA Value 15 Unit V V
TDA1085C
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
Characteristic CURRENT LIMITER Limiter Current Gain IPin 7/IPin 3 (IPin3 = 300 A) Detection Threshold Voltage IPin 3 = 10 A FREQUENCY TO VOLTAGE CONVERTER Input Signal Low Voltage Input Signal High Voltage Monitoring Reset Voltage Negative Clamping Voltage IPin 12 = 200 A Input Bias Current Internal Current Source Gain I Pin 4 , V V G Pin 4 Pin 11 I Pin 11 V12 L V12 H V12 R V12 CL IPin12 100 +100 5.0 9.5 0.6 25 11 mV mV V V A Cg VPin 3 TH 130 50 180 65 250 80 mV Symbol Min Typ Max Unit
+0
G.0
Gain Linearity versus Voltage on Pin 4 (G8.6 = Gain for VPin 4 = 8.6 V) V4 = 0 V V4 = 4.3 V V4 = 12 V Gain Temperature Effect (VPin 4 = 0) Output Leakage Current (IPin 11 = 0) CONTROL AMPLIFIER Actual Speed Input Voltage Range Input Offset Voltage VPin 5 VPin 4 (IPin 16 = 0, VPin 16 = 3.0 and 8.0 V) Amplifier Transconductance (IPin 16/ (V5 V4) (IPin 16 = + and 50 A, VPin 16 = 3.0 V) Output Current Swing Capability Source Sink Output Saturation Voltage TRIGGER PULSE GENERATOR Synchronization Level Currents Voltage Line Sensing Triac Sensing Trigger Pulse Duration (CPin 14 = 47 nF, RPin 15 = 270 k) Trigger Pulse Repetition Period, conditions as a.m. Output Pulse Current VPin 13 = VCC 4.0 V Output Leakage Current VPin 13 = 3.0 V Full Angle Conduction Input Voltage Saw Tooth High Level Voltage Saw Tooth Discharge Current, IPin15 = 100 A
G/G8.6 1.04 1.015 0.965 TF IPin 4 0 1.05 1.025 0.975 350 1.06 1.035 0.985 100 ppm/C nA
VPin 4 Voff T
0 0 270
340
13.5 50 400
V mV A/V
V A
180 12 95
s s mA A V V A
TDA1085C
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The TDA 1085C triggers a triac accordingly to the speed regulation requirements. Motor speed is digitally sensed by a tachogenerator and then converted into an analog voltage. The speed set is externally fixed and is applied to the internal linear regulation input after having been submitted to programmable acceleration ramps. The overall result consists in a full motor speed range with two acceleration ramps which allow efficient washing machine control (Distribute function). Additionally, the TDA 1085C protects the whole system against AC line stop or variations, overcurrent in the motor and tachogenerator failure.
To let 1.0 mA flow through Pin 10 when AC line is minimum and VCC consumption is maximum (fast ramps and pulses present). To let V10 reach 3.0 V when AC line provides maximum current and VCC consumption is minimum (no ramps and no pulses). All along the main line cycle, the Pin 10 dynamic range must not be exceeded unless loss of regulation.
Presence of high acceleration ramp VPin 5 > VPin 4 Distribution occurs in the VPin 4 range (true motor speed) defined by VPin 6 VPin 4 2.0 VPin 6
An AC line supply failure would cause shut down. The double capacitive filter built with R1 and R2 gives an efficient VCC smoothing and helps to remove noise from set speeds. Speed Sensing (Pins 4, 11, 12) The IC is compatible with an external analog speed sensing: its output must be applied to Pin 4, and Pin 12 connected to Pin 8. In most of the applications it is more convenient to use a digital speed sensing with an unexpensive tachogenerator which doesn t need any tuning. During every positive cycle at Pin 12, the capacitor C Pin 11 is charged to almost V CC and during this time, Pin 4 delivers a current which is 10 times the one charging C Pin 11 . The current source gain is called G and is tightly specified, but nevertheless requires an adjustment on R Pin 4 . The current into this resistor is proportional to C Pin 11 and to the motor speed; being filtered by a capacitor, V Pin 4 becomes smothered and represents the true actual motor speed. To maintain linearity into the high speed range, it is important to verify that CPin 11 is fully charged: the internal source on Pin 11 has 100 K impedance. Nevertheless CPin 11 has to be as high as possible as it has a large influence on FV/C temperature factor. A 470 K resistor between Pins 11 and 9 reduces leakage currents and temperature factor as well, down to neglectable effects. Pin 12 also has a monitoring function: when its voltage is above 5.0 V, the trigger pulses are inhibited and the IC is reset. It also senses the tachogenerator continuity, and in case of any circuit aperture, it inhibits pulse, avoiding the motor to run out of control. In the TDA 1085C, Pin 12 is negatively clamped by an internal diode which removes the necessity of the external one used in the former circuit.
For two fixed values of V Pin 5 and V Pin 6 , the motor speed will have high acceleration, excluding the time for V Pin 4 to go from V Pin 6 to two times this value, high acceleration again, up to the moment the motor has reached the set speed value, at which it will stay, see Figure 3. Should a reset happen (whatever the cause would be), the above mentioned successive ramps will be fully reprocessed from 0 to the maximum speed. If VPin 6 = 0, only the high acceleration ramp occurs. To get a real zero speed position, Pin 5 has been designed in such a way that its voltage from 0 to 80 mV is interpreted as a true zero. As a consequence, when changing the speed set position, the designer must be sure that any transient zero would not occur: if any, the entire circuit will be reset. As the voltages applied by Pins 5 and 6 are derived from the internal voltage regulator supply and Pin 4 voltage is also derived from the same source, motor speed (which is determined by the ratios between above mentioned voltages) is totally independent from VCC variations and temperature factor. Control Amplifier (Pin 16) It amplifies the difference between true speed (Pin 4) and set speed (Pin 5), through the ramp generator. Its output available at Pin 16 is a double sense current source with a maximum capability of 100 A and a specified transconductance (340 A/V typical). Pin 16 drives directly the trigger pulse generator, and must be loaded by an electrical network which compensates the mechanical characteristics of the motor and its load, in order to provide stability in any condition and shortest transient response; see Figure 4. This network must be adjusted experimentally. In case of a periodic torque variations, Pin 16 directly provides the phase angle oscillations.
TDA1085C
Trigger Pulse Generator (Pins 1, 2, 5, 13, 14, 15) This circuit performs four functions: Pin 13 is the pulse output and an external limiting resistor is mandatory. Maximum current capability is 200 mA. Current Limiter (Pin 3) Safe operation of the motor and triac under all conditions is ensured by limiting the peak current. The motor current develops an alternative voltage in the shunt resistor (0.05 in Figure 4). The negative half waves are transferred to Pin 3 which is positively preset at a voltage determined by resistors R3 and R4. As motor current increases, the dynamical voltage range of Pin 3 increases and when Pin 3 becomes slightly negative in respect to Pin 8, a current starts to circulate in it. This current, amplified typically 180 times, is then used to discharge Pin 7 capacitor and, as a result, reduces firing angle down to a value where an equilibrium is reached. The choice of resistors R3, R4 and shunt determines the magnitude of the discharge current signals on CPin 7. Notice that the current limiter acts only on peak triac current.
The conversion of the control amplifier DC output level to a proportional firing angle at every main line half cycle. The calibration of pulse duration. The repetition of the pulse if the triac fails to latch on if the current has been interrupted by brush bounce. The delay of firing pulse until the current crosses zero at wide firing angles and inductive loads.
RPin 15 programs the Pin 14 discharging current. Saw tooth signal is then fully determined by R15 and C14 (usually 47 nF). Firing pulse duration and repetition period are in inverse ratio to the saw tooth slope.
Capacitor decoupling pins, which are the inputs of the same comparator, must be physically close to the IC, close to each other and grounded in the same point. Ground connection for tachogenerator must be directly connected to Pin 8 and should ground only the tacho. In effect, the latter is a first magnitude noise generator due to its proximity to the motor which induces high d/dt signals. The ground pattern must be in the star style in order to fully eliminate power currents flowing in the ground network devoted to capacitors decoupling sensitive Pins: 4, 5, 7, 11, 12, 14, 16.
As an example, Figure 5 presents a PC board pattern which concerns the group of sensitive Pins and their associated capacitors into which the a.m. rules have been implemented. Notice the full separation of Signal World from Power, one by line AB and their communication by a unique strip. These rules will lead to much satisfactory volume production in the sense that speed adjustment will stay valid in the entire speed range. Power Supply As dropping resistor dissipates noticeable power, it is necessary to reduce the ICC needs down to a minimum. Triggering pulses, if a certain number of repetitions are kept in reserve to cope with motor brush wearing at the end of its life, are the largest ICC user. Classical worst case configuration has to be considered to select dropping resistor. In addition, the parallel regulator must be always into its dynamic range, i.e., IPin 10 over 1.0 mA and VPin 10 over 3.0 V in any extreme configuration. The double filtering cell is mandatory. Tachogenerator Circuit The tacho signal voltage is proportional to the motor speed. Stablility considerations, in addition, require an RC filter, the pole of which must be looked at. The combination of both elements yield a constant amplitude signal on Pin 12 in most of the speed range. It is recommended to verify this maximum amplitude to be within 1.0 V peak in order to have the largest signal/noise ratio without resetting
Pin 4
(1
) R120k )
Pin11
In volts.
G.0 . (VCC Va) 140 Va = 2.0 VBE 120 k = Rint, on Pin 11 Speed Set (Pin 5) Upon designer choice, a set of external resistors apply a series of various voltages corresponding to the various motor speeds. When switching external resistors, verify that no voltage below 80 mV is ever applied to Pin 5. If so, a full circuit reset will occur.
TDA1085C
Ramps Generator (Pin 6) If only a high acceleration ramp is needed, connect Pin 6 to ground. When a Distribute ramp should occur, preset a voltage on Pin 6 which corresponds to the motor speed starting ramp point. Distribution (or low ramp) will continue up to the moment the motor speed would have reached twice the starting value. The ratio of two is imposed by the IC. Nevertheless, it could be externally changed downwards (Figure 6) or upwards (Figure 7). The distribution ramp can be shortened by an external resistor from VCC charging CPin 7, adding its current to the internal 5.0 A generator. Power Circuits Triac Triggering pulse amplitude must be determined by Pin 13 resistor according to the needs in Quadrant IV. Trigger pulse duration can be disturbed by noise signals generated by the triac itself, which interfere within Pins 14 and 16, precisely those which determine it. While easily visible, this effect is harmless. The triac must be protected from high AC line dV/dt during external disturbances by 100 nF x 100 network. Shunt resistor must be as noninductive as possible. It can be made locally by using constantan alloy wire. When the load is a DC fed universal motor through a rectifier bridge, the triac must be protected from commutating dV/dt by a 1.0 to 2.0 mH coil in series with MT2. Synchronization functions are performed by resistors sensing AC line and triac conduction. 820 k values are normal but could be reduced down to 330 k in order to detect the zeros with accuracy and to reduce the residual DC line component below 20 mA. Current Limitation The current limiter starts to discharge Pin 7 capacitor (reference speed) as the motor current reaches the designed threshold level. The loop gain is determined by the resistor connecting Pin 3 to the series shunt. Experience has shown that its optimal value for a 10 Arms limitation is within 2.0 k. Pin 3 input has a sensitivity in current which is limited to reasonable values and should not react to spikes. If not used, Pin 3 must be connected to a maximum positive voltage of 5.0 V rather than be left open. Loop Stability The Pin 16 network is predominant and must be adjusted experimentally during module development. The values indicated in Figure 4 are typical for washing machine applications but accept large modifications from one model to another. R16 (the sole restriction) should not go below 33 k, otherwise slew rate limitation will cause large transient errors for load steps.
V VPin 5 Speeds
VPin 5 fixed set value VPin 4 VPin 7 High Acceleration Ramp VDF VDS t 0 0 VPin 6 = VDS VDF = 2 VDS t Distribution Low Acceleration Ramp High Acceleration Ramp
100 680 270 R7 1500 k R15 R10 R4 C11 Speed 1.0 2 820 k +VCC 5 47 k 68 k 6 TDA1085C 1 820 k 100 120 13 C7 7 470 4 12 8 16 1.0 47 150 k C16 100n R16 68 k C14 47n R3 2.7 k 14 3 100n 1.0 R2 11 15 9 10 820 pF R1 R11 470 k 6.8 k 1N4007
100
Ramp
TDA1085C
Tacho Generator
Speeds: Wash 800 rpm Distribution 1300 Spin 1: 7500 Spin 2: 15,000
8
VCC A MT2 MT1 100 nF +VCC 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1.0 F 16 270 k 15 47 nF 14 13 12 470 k 11 10 820 pF 9 VCC 120
TDA1085C
470 F
TDA1085C
Figure 6. Distribution Speed k < 2
For k = 1.6, R3 = 0.6 (R1 + R2), R3 C within 4 seconds V VCC Spin 1 (defined by R5/R4 + R5)
C R4 Pin 5 Pin 6
2VPin 6
2VPin 6t
VPin 6 R5
0 k<2
VPin 6t
R1
V VCC Spin 1
SD + S1
2VPin 6t
VPin 6t
10
3 VCC 0.7 V I6 25 A 5.0 A MONITORING IF* 4 11 12 10 0.6 V I7 5.7 V +VCC 5.0 A I2 ON for Ip2 = 0 + 80 mV + R1 1.2 mA R1=R2 I1 0.7 V + I3 Enable for Ip1 # 0 1.2 mA 0.7 V
TDA1085C
R2 VCC
I5
13
15
14
16
*(P12 connected) and (VCCOK) and (VP5>80 mV) Then ( I 1 OFF), ( I 2 OFF), ( I4 OFF) and ( I 5 OFF)
TDA1085C
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 64808 ISSUE R A
16 9 NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH. 3. DIMENSION L TO CENTER OF LEADS WHEN FORMED PARALLEL. 4. DIMENSION B DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. 5. ROUNDED CORNERS OPTIONAL. DIM A B C D F G H J K L M S INCHES MIN MAX 0.740 0.770 0.250 0.270 0.145 0.175 0.015 0.021 0.040 0.70 0.100 BSC 0.050 BSC 0.008 0.015 0.110 0.130 0.295 0.305 0_ 10 _ 0.020 0.040 MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 18.80 19.55 6.35 6.85 3.69 4.44 0.39 0.53 1.02 1.77 2.54 BSC 1.27 BSC 0.21 0.38 2.80 3.30 7.50 7.74 0_ 10 _ 0.51 1.01
B
1 8
F S
T H G D
16 PL
SEATING PLANE
J T A
M
0.25 (0.010)
16
B
1 8
8 PL
0.25 (0.010)
G F
K C T
SEATING PLANE
X 45 _
M D
16 PL M
0.25 (0.010)
T B
DIM A B C D F G J K M P R
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TDA1085C
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*TDA1085C/D*
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