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Building An SAP Query Using ABAP Code by Jayanta

This document describes how to build an SAP query using ABAP code to directly read data from tables. It involves creating an infoset using transaction SQ02, writing ABAP code to select data from tables SFLIGHT and SCARR into an internal table, populating field catalogs, and displaying the data in an ALV grid using the REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY function. The query is then executed from transaction SQ01 to display flight data for a selected date.

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1K views

Building An SAP Query Using ABAP Code by Jayanta

This document describes how to build an SAP query using ABAP code to directly read data from tables. It involves creating an infoset using transaction SQ02, writing ABAP code to select data from tables SFLIGHT and SCARR into an internal table, populating field catalogs, and displaying the data in an ALV grid using the REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY function. The query is then executed from transaction SQ01 to display flight data for a selected date.

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api-25955480
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Building an SAP Query using ABAP Code

By Jayanta Bej, Capgemini

There are 4 different ways to write SAP queries – depending on the approach of data
retrieval strategy:

1. Using table join


2. Directly reading from tables
3. Using logical databases (LDB) e.g. PNP
4. Using some programs

Here in this document, we’ll demonstrate building SAP query using 2nd method (Direct read of
table).

1. Create InfoSet by using t-code SQ02:


2. Press ‘Create’ button.

Press enter.
Press enter.

3. Press ‘Code’.

3. Select the ‘DATA’ coding section.

4. Write the following code in this section.


TYPE-POOLS: slis.
TABLES: scarr.
* Type for taking data from tables SFLIGHT and SCARR
TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_flight,
carrid TYPE s_carr_id,
connid TYPE s_conn_id,
fldate TYPE s_date,
seatsmax TYPE s_seatsmax,
seatsocc TYPE s_seatsocc,
carrname TYPE s_carrname,
currcode TYPE s_currcode,
END OF ty_flight.
* Internal table and work area declaration
DATA: wa_flight TYPE ty_flight,
i_flight TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ty_flight INITIAL SIZE 0,
i_fldcat TYPE slis_t_fieldcat_alv,
wa_fldcat TYPE slis_fieldcat_alv.

5. Now go to START-OF-SELECTION section


And write the following code in START-OF-SELECTION section to display a few field data in
ALV grid display report format.

* Retrieve data from tables SFLIGHT and SCARR


SELECT m1~carrid
m1~connid
m1~fldate
m1~seatsmax
m1~seatsocc
m2~carrname
m2~currcode
INTO TABLE i_flight
FROM sflight AS m1 INNER JOIN scarr AS m2
ON m1~carrid = m2~carrid.
CLEAR: wa_flight.
* Populate the field catalogs
wa_fldcat-col_pos = 1.
wa_fldcat-fieldname = 'CARRID'.
wa_fldcat-seltext_l = 'Airline carrier ID'.
APPEND wa_fldcat TO i_fldcat.
CLEAR: wa_fldcat.
wa_fldcat-col_pos = 2.
wa_fldcat-fieldname = 'CONNID'.
wa_fldcat-seltext_l = 'Flight connection Id'.
APPEND wa_fldcat TO i_fldcat.
CLEAR: wa_fldcat.
wa_fldcat-col_pos = 3.
wa_fldcat-fieldname = 'FLDATE'.
wa_fldcat-seltext_l = 'Flight date'.
APPEND wa_fldcat TO i_fldcat.
CLEAR: wa_fldcat.
wa_fldcat-col_pos = 4.
wa_fldcat-fieldname = 'SEATSMAX'.
wa_fldcat-seltext_l = 'Maximum capacity'.
APPEND wa_fldcat TO i_fldcat.
CLEAR: wa_fldcat.
wa_fldcat-col_pos = 5.
wa_fldcat-fieldname = 'SEATSOCC'.
wa_fldcat-seltext_l = 'Occupied seats'.
APPEND wa_fldcat TO i_fldcat.
CLEAR: wa_fldcat.
wa_fldcat-col_pos = 6.
wa_fldcat-fieldname = 'CARRNAME'.
wa_fldcat-seltext_l = 'Airline name'.
APPEND wa_fldcat TO i_fldcat.
CLEAR: wa_fldcat.
wa_fldcat-col_pos = 7.
wa_fldcat-fieldname = 'CURRCODE'.
wa_fldcat-seltext_l = 'Local currency of airline'.
APPEND wa_fldcat TO i_fldcat.
CLEAR: wa_fldcat.
* ALV grid display report
CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY'
EXPORTING
it_fieldcat = i_fldcat
TABLES
t_outtab = i_flight
EXCEPTIONS
program_error = 1
OTHERS = 2.
IF sy-subrc <> 0.
MESSAGE ID sy-msgid TYPE sy-msgty NUMBER sy-msgno
WITH sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4.
ENDIF.
EXIT.

6. Generate the InfoSet.

7. Now create a user group.


8. Now assign the user group ZUGRP_BEJ to the InfoSet ZINFOSET_BEJ. I’ve assigned two
users in my user group.
Save it.

9. Now create the query.


10. Now execute the query from SQ01.

The following selection screen will appear where we need to put the flight
date.
Enter the flight date as 11.06.2008 and execute the query; we’ll get the
following ALV grid display report.

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