Depuradora Alfa Laval FOPX 610

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Alfa Laval Separation AB Separator Manuals, dept. SKEL S-147 80 Tumba, Sweden Telephone: +46 8 53 06 50 00 Telefax: +46 8 53 03 10 40 Printed in Sweden, 98-10
Alfa Laval Separation AB 1998 This publication or any part thereof may not be reproduced or transmitted by any process or means without prior written permission of Alfa Laval Separation AB.
Contents
1 2 3 Read this first Safety Instructions Separator Basics
3.1 Basic principles of separation 3.2 Design and function 3.3 Definitions 7 9 15 16 19 30 31 32 37 39 43 51 68 82 83 88 92 94 99 100 102 107 120 131
Operating Instructions
4.1 Operating routine
Service Instructions
5.1 Periodic maintenance 5.2 Maintenance Logs 5.3 Check points at Intermediate Service (IS) 5.4 Check points at Major Service (MS) 5.5 Lifting instructions 5.6 Cleaning 5.7 When changing oil 5.8 Vibration 5.9 Common maintenance directions
Dismantling/Assembly
6.1 Introduction 6.2 Inlet/outlet, frame hood (IS) 6.3 Bowl hood and disc stack (IS) 6.4 Bowl body and operating mechanism (IS) 6.5 Operating water device (IS)
6.6 Vertical driving device (MS) 6.7 Horizontal driving device (MS)
140 154 167 168 172 175 177 178 180 182 186 187 196 205 215
Trouble-tracing
7.1 FOPX mechanical functions 7.2 FOPX separating functions 7.3 Vibration switch (option)
Technical Reference
8.1 Technical data 8.2 Connection list 8.3 Interface description 8.4 Water quality 8.5 Lubricants 8.6 Drawings 8.7 Storage and installation
Index
Study instruction manuals and observe the warnings before installation, operation, service and maintenance.
Not following the instructions can result in serious accidents.
In order to make the information clear only foreseeable conditions have been considered. No warnings are given, therefore, for situations arising from the unintended usage of the machine and its tools.
1 Read this first
This manual is designed for operators and service engineers working with the Alfa Laval separator FOPX 610TFD-24. For information concerning the function of the separator, see chapter 3 Separator Basics on page 15 and chapter 8 Technical Reference on page 177. If the separator has been delivered and installed by Alfa Laval as part of a processing system, this manual is a part of the System Manual. In this case, study carefully all the instructions in the System Manual. In addition to this Separator Manual a Spare Parts Catalogue, SPC is supplied.
Separator Manual and Spare Parts Catalogue
This Separator Manual consists of:
Safety Instructions
Pay special attention to the safety instructions for the separator. Not following the safety instructions can cause accidents resulting in damage to equipment and serious injury to personnel.
Separator Basics
Read this chapter if you are not familiar with this type of separator.
Operating Instructions
This chapter contains operating instructions for the separator only.
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1 Read this first
Service Instructions
This chapter gives instructions for daily checks, cleaning, oil changes, servicing and check points.
Dismantling / Assembly
This chapter contains step-by-step instructions for dismantling and assembly of the separator for service and repair.
Trouble-tracing
Refer to this chapter if the separator functions abnormally. If the separator has been installed as part of a processing system always refer to the Troubletracing part of the System Manual first.
Technical Reference
This chapter contains technical data concerning the separator and drawings.
Index
This chapter contains an alphabetical list of subjects, with page references.
2 Safety Instructions
The centrifugal separator includes parts that rotate at high speed. This means that: Kinetic energy is high Great forces are generated Stopping time is long
Manufacturing tolerances are extremely fine. Rotating parts are carefully balanced to reduce undesired vibrations that can cause a breakdown. Material properties have been considered carefully during design to withstand stress and fatigue. The separator is designed and supplied for a specific separation duty (type of liquid, rotational speed, temperature, density etc.) and must not be used for any other purpose. Incorrect operation and maintenance can result in unbalance due to build-up of sediment, reduction of material strength, etc., that subsequently could lead to serious damage and/or injury. The following basic safety instructions therefore apply: Use the separator only for the purpose and parameter range specified by Alfa Laval. Strictly follow the instructions for installation, operation and maintenance. Ensure that personnel are competent and have sufficient knowledge of maintenance and operation, especially concerning emergency stopping procedures. Use only Alfa Laval genuine spare parts and the special tools supplied.
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DANGER
Disintegration hazards Use the separator only for the purpose and parameter range specified by Alfa Laval. If excessive vibration occurs, stop separator and keep bowl filled with liquid during rundown. When power cables are connected, always check direction of motor rotation. If incorrect, vital rotating parts could unscrew. Check that the gear ratio is correct for power frequency used. If incorrect, subsequent overspeed may result in a serious break down. Welding or heating of parts that rotate can seriously affect material strength. Wear on the large lock ring thread must not exceed safety limit. -mark on lock ring must not pass opposite -mark by more than specified distance. Inspect regularly for corrosion and erosion damage. Inspect frequently if process liquid is corrosive or erosive.
10
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DANGER
Entrapment hazards Make sure that rotating parts have come to a complete standstill before starting any dismantling work. To avoid accidental start, switch off and lock power supply before starting any dismantling work. Assemble the machine completely before start. All covers and guards must be in place. Electrical hazards
S0051011 S0051611 S0051711
Follow local regulations for electrical installation and earthing (grounding).
WARNING
Crush hazards Use correct lifting tools and follow lifting instructions. Do not work under a hanging load. Noise hazards Use ear protection in noisy environments.
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11
CAUTION
S0055411 S0054311
Burn hazards Lubrication oil and various machine surfaces can be hot and cause burns. Cut hazards Sharp edges on separator discs and lock ring threads can cause cuts.
12
Warning signs in the text

Pay attention to the safety instructions in this manual. Below are definitions of the three grades of warning signs used in the text where there is a risk for injury to personnel.
DANGER
Type of hazard This type of safety instruction indicates a situation which, if not avoided, could result in fatal injury or fatal damage to health.
WARNING
Type of hazard This type of safety instruction indicates a situation which, if not avoided, could result in disabling injury or disabling damage to health.
CAUTION
Type of hazard This type of safety instruction indicates a situation which, if not avoided, could result in light injury or light damage to health.
NOTE
This type of instruction indicates a situation which, if not avoided, could result in damage to the equipment.
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14
3 Separator Basics
Contents
3.1 Basic principles of separation 3.2 Design and function
3.2.1 3.2.2 3.2.3 3.2.4 3.2.5 3.2.6 Overview Mechanical power transmission Sensors and indicators Process main parts Separating function Sludge discharge cycle 16
19 19 20 21 24 27 28 30
3.3 Definitions
15
3.1 Basic principles of separation
3 Separator Basics
3.1
Basic principles of separation
The purpose of separation can be: to free a liquid of solid particles, to separate two mutually insoluble liquids with different densities while removing any solids presents at the same time, to separate and concentrate solid particles from a liquid.
Separation by gravity
A liquid mixture in a stationary bowl will clear slowly as the heavy particles in the liquid mixture sink to the bottom under the influence of gravity. A lighter liquid rises while a heavier liquid and solids sink. Continuous separation and sedimentation can be achieved in a settling tank having outlets arranged according to the difference in density of the liquids. Heavier particles in the liquid mixture will settle and form a sediment layer on the tank bottom.
Sedimentation by gravity
Sedimentation in a settling tank, with outlets making it possible to separate the lighter liquid parts from the heavier
Centrifugal separation
In a rapidly rotating bowl, the force of gravity is replaced by centrifugal force, which can be thousands of times greater. Separation and sedimentation is continuous and happens very quickly. The centrifugal force in the separator bowl can achieve in a few seconds what takes many hours in a tank under influence of gravity.
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The centrifugal solution
16
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3 Separator Basics
Separating temperatures
For some types of process liquids (e.g. mineral oils) a high separating temperature will normally increase the separation capacity. The temperature influences oil viscosity and density and should be kept constant throughout the separation.
Viscosity Low viscosity facilitates separation. Viscosity can be reduced by heating.
High viscosity (with low temperature)
Low viscosity (with high temperature)
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3 Separator Basics
Density difference (specific gravity ratio) The greater the density difference between the two liquids, the easier the separation. The density difference can be increased by heating.
High density (with low temperature)
Low density (with high temperature)
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3 Separator Basics
3.2 Design and function
3.2
3.2.1
Design and function

Overview
The separator comprises a processing part and a driving part. It is driven by an electric motor (9). Mechanically, the separator machine frame is composed of a bottom part, a top part and a frame hood. The motor is flanged to the frame as shown in the illustration. The frame feet (6) are vibration damping. The bottom part of the separator contains the horizontal driving device (4), driving shaft with couplings (7, 8), a worm gear (5) and a vertical spindle (3). The bottom part also contains an oil bath for the worm gear, a brake and a revolution counter. The frame top part and the frame hood contain the processing parts of the separator, the inlet, outlets and piping (1). The liquid is cleaned in the separator bowl (2). This is fitted on the upper part of the vertical spindle and rotates at high speed in the space formed by the frame top part and frame hood. The bowl also contains the discharge mechanism which empties the sludge from the bowl. The main inlets and outlets are shown with connection numbers in the illustration. These numbers correspond with the numbers used in the connection list and the basic size drawing which can be found in chapter 8 Technical Reference on page 177.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
Inlet and outlet device Bowl Vertical driving device with bowl spindle Horizontal driving device Worm gear Frame feet Friction coupling Elastic coupling Electric motor
201.Dirty oil inlet 206.Displacement/conditioning water inlet 220.Clean oil outlet 221.Water outlet 222.Sludge discharge outlet 372.Bowl opening water inlet 376.Bowl closing and make-up water inlet
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3 Separator Basics
3.2.2
Mechanical power transmission
The main parts of the power transmission between motor and bowl are illustrated in the figure. The friction coupling ensures a gentle start and acceleration and at the same time prevents overloading of the worm gear and motor. The worm gear has a ratio which increase the bowl speed several times compared with the motor speed. For correct ratio see chapter 8.1 Technical data on page 178. To reduce bearing wear and the transmission of bowl vibrations to the frame and foundation, the top bearing of the bowl spindle is mounted in a spring casing. The worm wheel runs in a lubricating oil bath. The bearings on the spindle and the worm wheel shaft are lubricated by the oil splash produced by the rotating worm wheel.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Bowl spindle Top bearing and spring casing Worm wheel Worm Friction coupling Worm wheel shaft
Brake The separator is equipped with a brake to be used when stopping the separator. The use of the brake reduces the retardation time of the bowl and critical speeds will therefore be quickly passed. The brake lining acts on the outside of the coupling pulley.
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Applying (on) and releasing (off) of brake
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3 Separator Basics
3.2.3
Sensors and indicators
Revolution counter (1) A revolution counter indicates the speed of the separator and is driven from the worm wheel shaft. The correct speed is needed to achieve the best separating results and for reasons of safety. The number of revolutions on the revolution counter for correct speed is shown in chapter 8 Technical Reference on page 177. Refer to name plate for speed particulars.
Sight glass (2) The sight glass shows the oil level in the worm gear housing.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Revolution counter Sight glass Indicating pressure gauge Sight glass wiper Back pressure gauge Vibration switch (option) Cover interlocking switch (option)
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Indicating pressure gauge (3) During normal operation, the indicating pressure gauge in the water outlet will indicate pressure of less than 1 bar. If the pressure increases and exceeds 1 bar, this indicates abnormal operating conditions for the separator caused by: increased back pressure in the clean oil outlet, clogged disc stack.
See also chapter 7.2.6 High pressure in water outlet on page 174.
Sight glass wiper (4) Cleaning of the sight glass for separated water has to be done frequently. The advantages of the wiper are: it is not necessary to stop the separator in order to be able to clean the glass. water contents in the oil can be checked at a glance. poor performance of the separator can be checked; i.e. no water separated out.
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Clean the sight glass by turning it around the scraper
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3 Separator Basics
Back pressure gauge (5) Correct limits for the back pressure in the clean oil outlet can be found in chapter 8.2 Connection list on page 180. Increasing back pressure in the clean oil outlet can be caused by: restriction in the outlet piping, e.g. a buckled or bent pipe, increased throughput, increased viscosity, decreased separating temperature.
Vibration switch (6, option) The vibration switch, properly adjusted, trips on a relative increase in vibration. The vibration switch is sensitive to vibration in a direction perpendicular to its base. It contains a vibration detecting mechanism that actuates a snap-action switch when the selected level of vibration is exceeded. After the switch has tripped it must be reset manually by pressing the button on the switch.
Cover interlocking switch (7, option) When required, the cover interlocking switch should be connected to the starter equipment so that starting of the motor is prevented when the separator hood is not (completely) closed.
Reset push button on vibration switch
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3 Separator Basics
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3 Separator Basics
3.2.4
Process main parts
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29.
Upper paring camber Flow control disc Oil paring chamber Small lock ring (with paring chamber cover) Level ring Distributor Top disc Bowl hood Bowl disc stack Large lock ring Sludge port * Sludge space Bowl body Operating slide * Nozzle * Nozzle * Dosing ring * Sliding bowl bottom * Spring * Upper paring disc Oil paring disc Inlet pipe Distributing cone Bowl hood seal ring * Drain valve plug * Opening chamber * Closing chamber * Control paring disc * Spring support *
201.Oil inlet 206.Displacement/conditioning water inlet 220.Clean oil outlet 221.Water outlet 372.Opening water inlet * 376.Closing and make-up water inlet *
Separator bowl, feed and discharge assembly, control paring disc and liquid flow. Non-rotating parts are indicated by black shade.
*Parts effecting a sludge discharge
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3 Separator Basics
Inlet and outlet device The inlet and outlet device consists of the following parts: The inlet (201). This comprises the pipe bend and the long inlet pipe (22) which extends into the middle of the bowl. The outlets (220, 221). These comprise the discharge cover and the paring discs (20, 21) which pump the separated oil and water out of the bowl. Each paring disc is located in a paring chamber (1, 3) in the top of the bowl.
The inlet and outlet device is held together by the inlet pipe threading which is fixed to the oil paring disc. O-rings and a seal ring seal the connections between the parts. The outlet connection housing is fastened to the separator frame hood. Height adjusting rings determine the height position of the paring discs in the paring chambers.
Separator bowl and sludge discharge mechanism The separator bowl with its sludge discharge mechanism is built-up as follows: The bowl body (13) and bowl hood (8) are held together by the large lock ring (10). Inside the bowl are the distributing cone (23), the distributor (6) and the disc stack (9). The disc stack is kept compressed by the hood. The sliding bowl bottom (18) forms an internal separate bottom in the bowl. The bowl top is covered by the paring chamber cover (4). The space between this cover and the top disc (7) is the upper paring chamber with the upper paring disc which pumps the separated water out of the bowl. The oil paring chamber with its paring disc is located inside the upper part of the top disc. From this space the cleaned oil is pumped out of the bowl. The sludge space (12) is the space between the sliding bowl bottom and the bowl hood in the bowl periphery. It is kept closed by the sliding bowl bottom which seals against a seal ring (24) in the bowl hood.
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3 Separator Basics
At intervals decided by the operator, the sliding bowl bottom drops to empty the bowl of sludge. The sludge discharge mechanism, which controls the sliding bowl bottom, comprises an operating slide (14) and an operating water device. Passive parts are: the dosing ring (17), nozzles (15, 16) and drain valve plugs (25). The operating water device on the underside of the bowl supplies opening (372) and closing/make-up (376) water to the discharge mechanism via the control paring disc (28).
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3 Separator Basics
3.2.5
Separating function
Unseparated oil is fed into the bowl through the inlet pipe (6) and is pumped via the distributor (7) towards the periphery of the bowl. When the oil reaches slots of the distributor, it will rise through the channels formed by the disc stack (8) where it is evenly distributed. The oil is continuously cleaned as it travels towards the center of the bowl. When the cleaned oil leaves the disc stack it rises upwards, flows over the level ring (5) and enters the oil paring chamber. From the latter it is pumped by the oil paring disc (4) and leaves the bowl through outlet (220). Separated water, sludge and solid particles, which are heavier than the oil, are forced towards the periphery of the bowl and collected in the sludge space (12). The space between bowl hood (10) and top disc (9) and also the upper paring chamber are filled with oil, which is distributed over the entire circumference via the groove in the top disc. During normal operation, the outlet for the upper paring disc (2) is closed by the water drain valve (1).
Separating principle of FOPX bowl 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. Water drain valve Upper paring disc Flow control disc Oil paring disc Level ring Inlet pipe Distributor Bowl disc stack Top disc Bowl hood Sludge port Sludge space
201.Unseparated oil, inlet 206.Displacement/conditioning water inlet 220.Clean oil outlet 221.Water outlet
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3 Separator Basics
3.2.6
Sludge discharge cycle
An interface (1) is formed between the oil and water in the bowl. In order to achieve optimum separation of the oil, the interface must be maintained in the correct position, that is outside the disc stack. When the sludge space is filled up and water approaches the disc stack, some droplets of water start to escape with the cleaned oil. The small increase of the water content in the cleaned oil must be sensed and initiate a short opening of the water drain valve or initiate a sludge discharge cycle. The separator discharges a fixed volume of sludge and water. The discharge volume is approximately 100% of the space outside the disc stack, the so-called sludge space. The contents of the discharge can contain some emulsified oil.
Correct interface position (1) is outside the disc stack
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3 Separator Basics
Closed bowl (normal operation) The sliding bowl bottom (6) is pressed upwards by force of the closing water in the closing water space (8) under the sliding bowl bottom which is greater than the force of the process liquid above the sliding bowl bottom. The operating slide (2) is pressed upwards by the springs (7) and the valve plugs (10) then cover the drain channels (9).
Bowl opens for discharge The opening water (372), which is supplied into the space above the operating slide (2), overcomes the force from the springs (7) and the operating slide is pressed downwards. The drain channels (9) open and the closing water drains out through the nozzle (3). This allows the force on the underside of the sliding bowl bottom (6) to become lower than the force on the upper side. The sliding bowl bottom moves downwards and the bowl opens for a discharge through the sludge ports (1).
Separator bowl, feed and discharge assembly, control paring disc and liquid flow 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. Sludge port Operating slide * Nozzle * Nozzle * Dosing ring * Sliding bowl bottom * Spring * Closing water space Drain channel Drain valve plug Opening chamber * Closing chamber *
Bowl closes after discharge After some hundreds of a second the opening chamber (11) above the operating slide (2) has been filled by water leaving the closing water space (8). This water overflows through channels in the operating slide down to the closing chamber (12) between the operating slide and dosing ring (5). When also this chamber has been filled, the hydraulic forces directed up- and downwards on the operating slide are equal and the springs (7) move the operating slide upwards. The drain channels (9) are closed by the drain valve plugs (10) and the increasing force from the closing water (376) presses the sliding bowl bottom (6) upwards. The bowl closes and the sludge discharge cycle is complete. Bowl closing water is supplied during the sludge discharge sequence and at intervals during the separation sequence to replace evaporated water. Closing and opening water are supplied from the high pressure water system.
372.Opening water inlet * 376.Closing and make-up water inlet * * Parts effecting a sludge discharge
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3.3 Definitions
3 Separator Basics
3.3
Definitions
Pressure in the separator outlet. Liquid/solids separation with the intention of separating particles, normally solids, from a liquid (oil) having a lower density than the particles. An optional disc, which replaces the gravity disc in the separator bowl, in the case of clarifier operation. The disc seals off the heavy phase (water) outlet in the bowl, thus no liquid seal exists. See Back pressure. Mass per volume unit. Expressed in kg/m3 at specified temperature, normally at 15 C. Disc in the bowl hood for positioning the interface between the disc stack and the outer edge of the top disc. This disc is only used in purifier mode. Boundary layer between the heavy phase (water) and the light phase (oil) in a separator bowl. Overhaul of separator bowl, inlet/outlet and operating water device. Renewal of seals in bowl inlet/outlet and operating water device. Overhaul of the complete separator, including bottom part (and activities included in an Intermediate Service, if any). Renewal of seals and bearings in bottom part. Liquid/liquid/solids separation with the intention of separating two intermixed and mutually insoluble liquid phases of different densities. Solids having a higher density than the liquids can be removed at the same time. The lighter liquid phase (oil), which is the major part of the mixture, shall be purified as far as possible. Solids separated from a liquid. Ejection of sludge from the separator bowl. The feed of process liquid to the separator per time unit. Expressed in m3/h or lit/h. Fluid resistance against movement. Normally expressed in centistoke (cSt = mm 2/sec), at specified temperature. Water in the solids space of the separator bowl to prevent the light phase (oil) from leaving the bowl through the heavy phase (water) outlet, in purifier mode.
Back pressure Clarification
Clarifier disc
Counter pressure Density Gravity disc
Interface Intermediate Service (IS) Major Service (MS)
Purification
Sediment (sludge) Sludge discharge Throughput Viscosity
Water seal
30
4 Operating Instructions
Contents
4.1.1 4.1.2 4.1.3 4.1.4 4.1.5 Ready for start Start Running Normal stop Safety stop 32 32 33 34 35 36
31
4.1
Operating routine
These operating instructions describe routine procedures to follow before and during the start, running and stopping sequences of the separator. If there is a System Manual, always follow the operating instructions of the System Manual. If there is no System Manual the instructions below are to be followed.
4.1.1
Ready for start
To achieve the best separation results the bowl should be in a clean condition. 1. Check that the bolts of the frame hood are fully tightened. 2. Check that all inlet and outlet connections have been correctly made and properly tightened.
CAUTION
Burn hazards Make sure that hose connections and flange couplings are properly assembled and tightened. Escaping hot liquid can cause burns. 3. Check that the oil level is exactly in the middle of the sight glass.
Check for leakages (not admitted)
NOTE
During running the oil level should be slightly below the middle of the sight glass. Fill if necessary. See chapter 8.5 Lubricants on page 187, for a list of recommended oils.
G0262011
Check the oil level
32
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4. Make sure that the brake is released.
4.1.2
Start
Release the brake
1. Start the separator. 2. Check the direction of rotation of the bowl. The revolution counter should turn clockwise.
DANGER
Disintegration hazards When power cables have been connected, always check direction of rotation. If incorrect, vital rotating parts could unscrew. 3. Check the separator for vibration. Some vibration can occur for short periods during the starting cycle, when the separator passes through its critical speeds. This is normal and passes over without danger. Try to learn the vibration characteristics of the critical speed pattern.
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Check for correct direction of rotation
DANGER
Disintegration hazards When excessive vibration occurs, keep liquid feed on and stop separator. The cause of the vibration must be identified and rectified before the separator is restarted. Excessive vibration may be due to incorrect assembly or insufficient cleaning of the bowl. In the trouble-tracing chapter 7.1.1 Separator vibrates on page 168, a number of causes are described that can create vibration.
Check for vibration
33
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4. Check, if possible, the current consumption of the motor starter to ensure that the separator has reached full speed. During start, the current reaches a peak and then drops slowly. When the friction coupling engages, the current slowly increases again before decreasing to a low and stable level, which is the normal current during running. The time to reach full speed may not exceed the limit given in chapter 8 Technical Reference on page 177. When running normally, open the closing water valve (connection 376) for approximately 5 seconds to close the bowl.
Current increases when the coupling engages...
1. Check that the feed has the correct flow and temperature. See chapter 8 Technical Reference on page 177 for correct values. 2. Adjust the oil outlet pressure to 1,5 - 2 bar. 3. Discharge by opening the valve for opening water valve (connection 372) until a discharge is heard. For max. and min. time for discharge intervals, see chapter 8 Technical Reference on page 177.
... to decrease to a stable value when full speed has been reached
DANGER
Disintegration hazards Ensure that correct discharge intervals and cleaning procedures are used. Unbalance due to improper washing out of solids may lead to contact between rotating and non-rotating parts.
34
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4.1.3
Running
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4.1.4
Normal stop
1. Carry out a sludge discharge before stopping the separator. Otherwise the bowl must be cleaned manually before the next start up. The volume of the discharged sludge must be compensated for by additional feed. 2. After discharge, turn off the feed and stop the separator with the bowl filled with liquid. 3. Apply the brake.
The final action, apply the brake
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4.1.5
Safety stop DANGER

Entrapment hazards
Make sure that rotating parts have come to a complete standstill before starting any dismantling work. The revolution counter and the motor fan indicate if the separator parts are rotating or not.
The separator must not be dismantled before standstill
1. If the separator begins to vibrate excessively during operation, stop it immediately by pushing the safety stop. The separator motor is switched off. Keep the oil feed on during the run-down to minimize the excessive vibration. 2. Evacuate the room. The separator may be hazardous when passing its critical speeds during the run-down.
Push the safety stop if excessive vibration
DANGER
Disintegration hazards Do not discharge a vibrating separator. Out-of-balance vibration can become worse if only part of the sediment is discharged.
CAUTION
Disintegration hazards After a safety stop the cause of the fault must be identified. If all parts have been checked and the cause remains unclear, contact Alfa Laval for advice.
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5 Service Instructions
Contents
5.1 Periodic maintenance
5.1.1 5.1.2 5.1.3 5.1.4 Introduction Maintenance intervals Maintenance procedure Service kits 39 39 39 41 42 5.4.3 43 43 44 45 47 50 5.4.7 5.4.8 5.4.9 5.4.4 5.4.5 5.4.6
5.4 Check points at Major Service (MS)

5.4.1 5.4.2 Bowl hood seal ring Bowl spindle cone and bowl body nave Bowl spindle; height position Bowl spindle; radial wobble Brake lining Buffer springs and ball bearing housing Coupling friction pads Corrosion Cracks
68 68 68 68 69 69 70 72 73 73 73 73 73 74 75 75 76 76 78 78 78 79 79 79 80 80 80 81 81 81
5.2 Maintenance Logs

5.2.1 5.2.2 5.2.3 5.2.4 5.2.5 Daily checks Oil change Intermediate Service (IS) Major Service (MS) 3-year Service (3S)
5.3 Check points at Intermediate Service (IS)

5.3.1 5.3.2 5.3.3 5.3.4 5.3.5 5.3.6 5.3.7 5.3.8 5.3.9 Bowl hood seal ring Bowl spindle cone and bowl body nave Corrosion Cracks Disc stack pressure Dosing ring Erosion Guide surfaces Inlet pipe and oil paring disc
5.4.10 Disc stack pressure 51 51 52 52 55 56 58 58 60 62 62 63 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 5.4.11 Dosing ring 5.4.12 Erosion 5.4.13 Flexible plate in coupling 5.4.14 Guide surfaces 5.4.15 Inlet pipe and oil paring disc 5.4.16 Level ring 5.4.17 Lock ring; priming 5.4.18 Lock ring; wear and damage 5.4.19 Oil paring disc; height position 5.4.20 Operating mechanism 5.4.21 Operating paring disc; height position 5.4.22 Operating slide 5.4.23 Sliding bowl bottom 5.4.24 Springs for operating mechanism 5.4.25 Worm; wear of groove 5.4.26 Worm wheel and worm; wear of teeth 5.4.27 Worm wheel shaft; radial wobble 5.4.28 Cover interlocking switch (option) 5.4.29 Vibration switch (option)
5.3.10 Level ring 5.3.11 Lock ring; wear and damage 5.3.12 Operating mechanism 5.3.13 Operating slide 5.3.14 Sliding bowl bottom 5.3.15 Springs for operating mechanism 5.3.16 Worm wheel and worm; wear of teeth 5.3.17 Cover interlocking switch (option) 5.3.18 Vibration switch (option)
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5.5 Lifting instructions 5.6 Cleaning

5.6.1 5.6.2 5.6.3 5.6.4 External cleaning Cleaning agents Cleaning of bowl discs CIP-system
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83 83 84 86 87 88 88 91 92 92 93 94 94 97
5.7 When changing oil

5.7.1 5.7.2 Worm wheel and worm; wear of teeth Oil change procedure
5.8 Vibration
5.8.1 5.8.2 Vibration analysis Vibration switch (option)
5.9 Common maintenance directions

5.9.1 5.9.2 Ball and roller bearings Before shutdowns
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5.1
5.1.1
Periodic maintenance
Introduction
Periodic (preventive) maintenance reduces the risk of unexpected stoppages and breakdowns. Follow the maintenance logs on the following pages in order to facilitate the periodic maintenance.
DANGER
Disintegration hazards Separator parts that are either worn beyond their safe limits or incorrectly assembled may cause severe damage or fatal injury.
5.1.2
Maintenance intervals
The following directions for periodic maintenance give a brief description of which parts to be cleaned, checked and renewed at different maintenance intervals. The maintenance logs for each maintenance interval later in this chapter give detailed enumeration of the check points that must be done. Daily checks consist of minor check points to carry out for detecting abnormal operating conditions.
Oil change The oil change interval is every 1000 hours or at least once every year if the total number of operating hours is less than 1000 hours. When using a group D oil, time of operation between oil changes can be extended from the normal 1000 hours to 2000 hours.
39
Intermediate Service (IS) Intermediate Service consists of an overhaul of the separator bowl, inlet/outlet and operating device every 3 months or 2000 operating hours. Seals in bowl and gaskets in inlet/outlet device are renewed.
Major Service (MS) Major Service consists of an overhaul of the complete separator and includes an Intermediate Service every 12 months or 8000 operating hours. Seals and bearings in the bottom part are renewed.
3-year Service (3S) 3-year Service consists of renewing the frame feet. The feet get harder with increased use and age. Periodic maintenance schedule
Oil change Intermediate Service = IS Major Service = MS 3-year Service = 3S
MS IS IS IS IS IS IS IS MS IS IS IS IS 3S MS IS
Installation
1st year
2nd year
3rd year
40
5.1.3
Maintenance procedure
At each Intermediate and Major Service, take a copy of the maintenance log and use it for notations during the service. An Intermediate and Major Service should be carried out in the following manner: 1. Dismantle the parts as mentioned in the maintenance log and described in chapter 6 Dismantling/Assembly on page 99. Place the separator parts on clean, soft surfaces such as pallets. 2. Inspect and clean the dismantled separator parts according to the maintenance log. 3. Fit all the parts delivered in the service kit while assembling the separator as described in chapter 6 Dismantling/Assembly on page 99. The assembly instructions have references to check points which should be carried out before and during the assembly.
41
5.1.4
Service kits
Special service kits are available for Intermediate Service (IS) and Major Service (MS), as well as for servicing the frame feet (3S). For other services the spare parts have to be ordered separately.
S0021021
Note that the parts for IS are not included in the MS kit. The contents of the service kits are described in the Spare Parts Catalogue.
Kits are available for Intermediate Service, Major Service and for servicing the frame feet
NOTE
Always use Alfa Laval genuine parts as otherwise the warranty will become invalid. Alfa Laval takes no responsibility for the safe operation of the equipment if non-genuine spare parts are used.
DANGER
Disintegration hazards Use of imitation spare parts may cause severe damage.
42
5.2
5.2.1
Maintenance Logs
Daily checks
The following steps should be carried out daily. Main component and activity Inlet and outlet Check for leakage Separator bowl Check for vibration and noise Horizontal driving device Worm wheel shaft and gear casing Check for vibration and noise Check Electrical motor Check for heat, vibration and noise
1) See manufacturers instruction
1)
Part
Page
Notes
Connecting housing
92
92 Oil level in gear housing 91
43
5.2.2
Oil change
The oil change and check of worm gear should be carried out every 1000a) hours of operation. NOTE: In a new installation, or after replacement of gear, change the oil after 200 operating hours. Main component and activity Horizontal driving device Worm wheel shaft and gear housing Check Renew Worm wheel and worm Oilb) in gear housing 88 91 Part Page Notes
When the separator is running for short periods, the lubricating oil must be changed every 12 months even if the total number of operating hours is less than 1000 hours (2000 h).
a)
When using a group D oil, time of operation between oil changes can be extended from the normal 1000 hours to 2000 hours. See chapter 8.5 Lubricants on page 187 for further information.
b)
44
5.2.3
Intermediate Service (IS)

Local identification: FOPX 610TFD-24 Manufacture No./Year: Product No: Signature: Part Page Notes 881244-03-02
Name of plant: Separator: Total running hours: Date: Main component and activity Inlet and outlet Clean and inspect
Threads of inlet pipe Connecting housing
62
Separator bowl Clean and check Upper paring disc Flow control disc Lock ring Bowl hood Top disc Oil paring disc Level ring Bowl discs Distributor Distributing cone Sliding bowl bottom Bowl body Bowl spindle cone and bowl body nave Operating mechanism 63 51 62 62 86 65 52
58, 64 65, 66
45
Main component and activity Check
Part Corrosion Cracks Erosion Galling of guide surface Disc stack pressure
Page 52 55 58 61 56
Notes
Operating device Clean and check Horizontal driving device Worm wheel shaft and gear housing Check Renew Electrical motor Lubrication (if nipples are fitted) Signs and labels on separator Check attachment and legibility Safety label on hood Direction of rotation arrow Monitoring equipment (option) Function check Vibration switch Cover interlocking switch Note! Renew all parts included in the Intermediate Service kit (IS). 67 67 202 202 See sign on motor Worm wheel and worm Oil in gear housing 88 91 Operating paring disc
46
5.2.4
Major Service (MS)

Local identification: FOPX 610TFD-24 Manufacture No./Year: Product No: Signature: 881244-03-02
Name of plant: Separator: Total running hours: Date:
Main component and activity Inlet and outlet Clean and inspect
Part
Page
Notes
Threads of inlet pipe Connecting housing
62
Separator bowl Clean and check Upper paring disc Flow control disc Lock ring Bowl hood Top disc Oil paring disc Level ring Bowl discs Distributor Distributing cone Sliding bowl bottom Bowl body Bowl spindle cone and bowl body nave Operating mechanism 76, 63 51 62 62 86 65 52
58, 64 64, 66
47
Main component and activity Check
Part Corrosion Cracks Erosion Galling of guide surface Disc stack pressure Height position of oil paring disc
Page 52 55 58 61 56 78
Notes
Operating device Clean and check Check Operating paring disc Height position of operating paring disc 78
Vertical driving device Clean and check Bowl spindle Wear of groove in worm Buffer springs and ball bearing housing Height position of bowl spindle Radial wobble of bowl spindle Horizontal driving device Worm wheel shaft and gear housing Check Worm wheel and worm Radial wobble of worm wheel shaft Axial play of flexible plate Renew Brake Clean and check Spring and brake shoe 69 Oil in gear housing 88 81 80 70
68 69
74 91
48
Main component and activity Friction coupling Clean and check Renew (if necessary) Electrical motor Lubrication (if nipples are fitted) Signs and labels on separator Check attachment and legibility
Part
Page
Notes
Worm wheel coupling Friction pads
72
See sign on motor
Safety label on hood Direction of rotation arrow
202 202
Monitoring equipment (option) Function check Vibration switch Cover interlocking switch Note! Renew all parts included in the Intermediate Service kit (IS) and Major Service kit (MS) 67 67
49
5.2.5
3-year Service (3S)
Renew the frame feet as described below. The 3year service should be carried out in conjunction with a Major Service (MS). The extent of the 3year service is the same as for a major service plus the parts included in the 3-year Service kit (3S).
Frame feet, renewal 1. Disconnect pipes, hoses and cables connected to the separator. 2. Remove the nuts (3, 4). 3. Lift the separator.
NOTE
When lifting a separator it must always hang securely. See separate instruction in chapter 5.5 Lifting instructions on page 82. 4. Renew the vibration dampers (1, 2). 5. Lower the frame. Check that the bolts do not press against the edges of the holes. 6. Tighten the nut (3) to 20 Nm. 7. Hold the nut (3) firmly and secure with the lock nut (4). 8. Connect the previously disconnected pipes, hoses and cables.
1. 2. 3. 4. Vibration damper, upper Vibration damper, lower Nut Lock nut
G0258911
50
5.3
Check points at Intermediate Service (IS)

Bowl hood seal ring
5.3.1
Poor sealing between the bowl hood seal ring and the sealing edge of the sliding bowl bottom will cause a leakage of process liquid from the bowl. Renew the bowl hood seal ring at each Intermediate Service (IS).
Max. permitted indentation of the seal ring is 1 mm
Knock out the old ring by means of a pin inserted in the holes intended for this purpose.
Removal of the seal ring
Fit the new ring as follows: Press the ring into the groove with a straight wooden board placed across the ring
.
NOTE
If the new ring is too narrow, place it in hot water (70-80 C) for about 5 minutes. If it is too wide, it will shrink after drying in 80-90 C for about 24 hours.
G0206411
Fitting of the seal ring
51
G0206311
G0206211
5.3.2
Bowl spindle cone and bowl body nave
Impact marks on the spindle cone or in the bowl body nave may cause poor fit and out-of-balance vibrations. The bowl spindle and the nave should also be checked if the bowl spindle has been dismantled or if the bowl runs roughly. Corrosion may cause the bowl to stick firmly to the spindle cone and cause difficulties during the next dismantling. Remove any impact marks with a scraper and/or whetstone.
Rust can be removed by using a fine-grain emery cloth (e.g. No 320). Finish with polishing paper (e.g. No 600).
NOTE
Always use a scraper with great care. The conicity must not be marred.
Remove impact marks from the nave and cone
5.3.3
Corrosion
Evidence of corrosion attacks should be looked for and rectified each time the separator is dismantled. Main bowl parts such as the bowl body, bowl hood and lock ring must be inspected with particular care for corrosion damage.
DANGER
Disintegration hazard Inspect regularly for corrosion damage. Inspect frequently if the process liquid is corrosive.
G0206111
Main bowl parts to check for corrosion
52
G0547911
Always contact your Alfa Laval representative if you suspect that the largest depth of the corrosion damage exceeds 1,0 mm or if cracks have been found. Do not continue to use the separator until it has been inspected and given clearance for operation by Alfa Laval. Cracks or damage forming a line should be considered as being particularly hazardous.
Non-stainless steel and cast iron parts Corrosion (rusting) can occur on unprotected surfaces of non-stainless steel and cast iron. Frame parts can corrode when exposed to an aggressive environment.
Stainless steel Stainless steel parts corrode when in contact with either chlorides or acidic solutions. Acidic solutions causes a general corrosion. The chloride corrosion is characterised by local damage such as pitting, grooves or cracks. The risk of chloride corrosion is higher if the surface is: Exposed to a stationary solution. In a crevice. Covered by deposits. Exposed to a solution that has a low pH value.
Example of chloride corrosion in stainless steel
53
S0020611
A corrosion damage caused by chlorides on stainless steel begins as small dark spots that can be difficult to detect. 1. Inspect closely for all types of damage by corrosion and record these observations carefully. 2. Polish dark-coloured spots and other corrosion marks with a fine grain emery cloth. This may prevent further damage.
DANGER
Disintegration hazard Pits and spots forming a line may indicate cracks beneath the surface. All forms of cracks are a potential danger and are totally unacceptable. Replace the part if corrosion can be suspected of affecting its strength or function.
Polish corrosion marks to prevent further damage
Other metal parts Separator parts made of materials other than steel, such as brass or other copper alloys, can also be damaged by corrosion when exposed to an aggressive environment. Possible corrosion damage can be in the form of pits and/or cracks.
54
S0020511
5.3.4
Cracks
Cracks can initiate on the machine after a period of operation and propagate with time. Cracks often initiate in an area exposed to high cyclic material stresses. These are called fatigue cracks. Cracks can also initiate due to corrosion in an aggressive environment. Although very unlikely, cracks may also occur due to the low temperature embrittlement of certain materials.
The combination of an aggressive environment and cyclic stresses will speed-up the formation of cracks. Keeping the machine and its parts clean and free from deposits will help to prevent corrosion attacks.
DANGER
Disintegration hazard All forms of cracks are potentially dangerous as they reduce the strength and functional ability of components. Always replace a part if cracks are present. It is particularly important to inspect for cracks in rotating parts and especially the pillars between the sludge ports in the bowl wall. Always contact your Alfa Laval representative if you suspect that the largest depth of the damage exceeds 1,0 mm. Do not continue to use the separator until it has been inspected and cleared for operation by Alfa Laval.
55
5.3.5
Disc stack pressure
NOTE
Ensure that the disc stack pressure is sufficient to maintain bowl balance. Insufficient pressure in the disc stack can cause vibration and reduce lifetime of ball bearings. The lock ring (1) should press the bowl hood (2) firmly against the bowl body (3). The hood in turn should exert a pressure on the disc stack (4), clamping it in place.
1. Lock ring 2. Bowl hood 3. Bowl body 4. Disc stack
Compress the disc stack by tightening the lock ring, see chapter 6.3.3 Assembly on page 114. Correct pressure is obtained when it is possible to tighten the lock ring so far by hand that the -mark on the lock ring is positioned 60 - 90 before the mark on the bowl body. To achieve this, add an appropriate number of discs to the top of the disc stack beneath the top disc. Then advance the lock ring by giving the spanner handle some blows till the -marks are passed and the bowl is fully assembled. If the -marks do not reach or pass each other, the reason could be an incorrectly assembled bowl or to many discs in the disc stack. Reassemble and check.
G0135811
-marks on bowl body and lock ring in line
56
G0544411
Complementary check using the compressing tool With the large lock ring correctly tighten and the compressing tool mounted on the separator bowl, turn the switch to position 1 for compression. Compress the disc stack by pumping the level arm until the oil pressure is released through the relief valve. Measure the height (H1) of the piston rod (see illustration) with the slide callipers depth gauge. Make a note of the reading obtained. Release the pressure in the compressing tool by turning the switch to position 0. The piston rod will now move downwards slightly when the disc set is released inside the bowl. Measure once again the height (H2) of the piston rod with the slide callipers and make a note of the reading obtained. If the difference between H1and H2 is less than 1,5 mm, the disc stack pressure is correct. If it exceeds 1,5 mm, the number of discs is insufficient. Add one or more discs and repeat the above procedure until the correct disc stack pressure is obtained.
G0533631
Measure of disc stack pressure with use of a compressing tool
NOTE
An insufficient number of discs will create an imbalance causing vibration.
57
5.3.6
Dosing ring
Clean the nozzles (1) with a soft iron wire and polish the surface (2) with steel wool. Inspect the surface (3) in contact with the operating slide. Remove any marks with a whetstone or fine emery cloth (grain size 240).
1. 2. 3.
Nozzles Surface inside the dosing ring Surface in contact with the operating slide
5.3.7
Erosion
Erosion can occur when particles suspended in the process liquid slide along or strike against a surface. Erosion can become intensified locally by flows of higher velocity.
DANGER
Disintegration hazard Inspect regularly for erosion damage. Inspect frequently if the process liquid is erosive. Always contact your Alfa Laval representative if the largest depth of any erosion damage exceeds 1,0 mm. Valuable information as to the nature of the damage can be recorded using photographs, plaster impressions or hammered-in lead. Erosion is characterised by: Burnished traces in the material. Dents and pits having a granular and shiny surface.
Max. permitted erosion
58
G0205221
G0537021
Surfaces particularly subjected to erosion are: 1. The upper paring disc. 2. The top disc. 3. The pillars between the sludge ports in the bowl wall. 4. The sealing edge of the sliding bowl bottom. 5. The underside of the distributor in the vicinity of the distribution holes and wings. 6. The surface of the sliding bowl bottom that faces the conical part of the distributor. 7. The sealing edge of the bowl body for the seal ring in the sliding bowl bottom. Look carefully for any signs of erosion damage. Erosion damage can deepen rapidly and consequently weaken parts by reducing the thickness of the metal.
G0581311
Surfaces particularly subjected to erosion
DANGER
Disintegration hazard Erosion damage can weaken parts by reducing the thickness of the metal. Pay special attention to the pillars between the sludge ports in the bowl wall. Replace the part if erosion can be suspected of affecting its strength or function.
Wear and erosion liners in the bowl The wear liners protect both the wall pillars in the bowl body and the sliding bowl bottom. They must be replaced before the liner has been perforated by erosion.
59
5.3.8
Guide surfaces
Check surfaces indicated (1) for burrs or galling. Rectify when necessary. Repair of galling on guide surfaces; see following pages. Before fitting the sliding bowl bottom, clean (do not degrease) the contact surfaces (1 and 2). Apply Alfa Laval lubricating paste or Molykote 1000 Paste with a well-cleaned brush on surfaces (1 and 2).
Sliding bowl bottom
NOTE
To avoid the risk of galling, the contact surfaces (1) should be primed with a slide lacquer at every Major Service (MS). The slide-lacquered surfaces will be destroyed if the surfaces are degreased.
Bowl body
Lubricate the O-ring and the seal ring with silicone grease making sure they are not damaged and lie properly in their grooves.
G0378271
Operating slide
Dosing ring
1, 2 =
Alfa Laval lubricating paste or Molykote 1000 Paste.
60
G0378261
G0378251
G0378231
Repair of galling on guide surfaces Galling (friction marks) may appear on guide surfaces in the operating system, the bowl body and the sliding bowl bottom. Surfaces subject to repair are indicated by an arrow.
G0205511
The example below describes the repair of the lower guide surface of the bowl body nave.
Guide surface in the bowl body
Recommended tools for correction of galling: - Emery cloth, 240 grade. - Hand drilling machine - Degreasing agent. - Fibre brush, 25mm. - Fibre brush, 50 mm. - Very fine single-cut file.
1. Clean the surface thoroughly with a degreasing agent, i.e. white spirit. This is important.
2. If the galling is excessive, first use the fine single-cut file. The file should be used with caution so that the damage is not made worse. Remove the high spots on the surface. Do not use rotating files or similar. Remove the high spots only - not the undamaged material.
G0205711
61
G0205611
3. An emery cloth of 240 grade should be used to smooth the edges and to remove any burnt-in foreign matter.
4. Finish off by polishing the damaged spot with the fibre brushes and brush wax. It is recommended that the whole area where galling may occur is polished. Polishing will help smoothen the whole of the damaged area, even in the deepest parts. Prime the repaired area with lubricating spray Molykote 321 R. Read the correct procedure under checkpoint 5.4.17 Lock ring; priming on page 76. Apply Alfa Laval lubricating paste or Molykote 1000 Paste to the surface after priming.
5.3.9
Inlet pipe and oil paring disc
Damage to the threads and the top surface of level ring may cause the paring disc to scrape against the paring chamber cover even if the height has been adjusted correctly. Screw the inlet pipe into the paring disc and check that the inlet pipe turns easily.
Check the threads of the inlet pipe and oil paring disc
5.3.10 Level ring

Remove any burrs on the surface of the level ring with a file as the paring disc rests on that surface during the height position check.
Check the level ring for burrs
62
G0534611
G0581411
G0205911
G0205811
5.3.11 Lock ring; wear and damage

Excessive wear or impact marks on threads, guide and contact surfaces of the lock ring, bowl hood and bowl body may cause hazardous galling. Check the thread condition by tightening the lock ring (1) after removing the disc stack and bowl hood O-ring (2) from the bowl.
DANGER
Disintegration hazards Wear on large lock ring thread must not exceed safety limit. The -mark on lock ring must not pass opposite -mark by more than the specified distance. In a new bowl the alignment marks on the lock ring and the bowl body are exactly opposite each other. If thread wear is observed, mark the bowl body at the new position of the alignment mark on the lock ring by punching in a new alignment mark. If the original mark on the lock ring passes the mark on the bowl body by more than 25 (which corresponds to A=100 mm), an Alfa Laval representative must be contacted immediately. If the marks become illegible, an Alfa Laval representative should be contacted immediately to inspect thread wear and for determining the position of new alignment marks.
G0535211
1. 2.
Lock ring O-ring for the bowl hood
(MAX 25 )
The -mark on the lock ring must not pass the -mark on the bowl body by more than 25 which corresponds to A=100 mm
63
G0578131
Damage The position of the threads, contact and guide surfaces are indicated by arrows in the illustration. Clean the threads, contact and guide surfaces with a suitable degreasing agent. Check for burrs and protrusions caused by impact. Watch your fingers for sharp edges. If damage is established, rectify using a whetstone or fine emery cloth (recommended grain size 240). If the damage is considerable, use a fine singlecut file, followed by a whetstone.
G0537231
Clean and check thread, contact and guide surfaces of the lock ring
5.3.12 Operating mechanism

Dirt and lime deposits in the operating mechanism may cause poor discharge function or no function at all. Clean and polish surfaces with steel wool if necessary.
Reasons for dirt or deposits: Hard or unclean operating water. Change water supply or install a water softener or a fine filter. Sludge has been sucked down into bowl casing and into the operating system. Check the installation and the venting system of both the sludge tank and bowl casing drain.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Bowl body Valve plug Operating slide Nozzles Dosing ring
64
G0547111
5.3.13 Operating slide

Poor sealing between the valve plugs on the operating slide and bowl body may prevent complete closing of the bowl. Examine the sealing surfaces (1) of the bowl body in contact with the valve plugs. Remove any marks and lime deposits with a very fine grain emery cloth. Check the guiding surface (2) in contact with the dosing ring. Remove any marks with a whetstone (grain size 240).
G0536811
1. 2.
Bowl body sealing surfaces in contact with the valve plugs Operating slide guide surface in contact with the dosing ring
Remove all the valve plugs. Tap in the new plugs. Correct height of plugs: 13,8 mm.
Tap in new valve plugs
5.3.14 Sliding bowl bottom

Poor sealing between the bowl hood seal ring and the sealing edge of the sliding bowl bottom will cause a leakage of process liquid from the bowl.
Check the sealing edge of the sliding bowl bottom. If damaged either through corrosion or erosion or other means, it can be rectified by turning in a lathe. Maximum permissible reduction of the original profile height (2,0 mm) is 0,5 mm.
G0379941
Min. height of the profile on sliding bowl bottom
65
G0536911
If the seal ring for the sliding bowl bottom is to be replaced, turn the sliding bowl bottom upside down and inject compressed air through the hole on the underside. This will press the ring outwards far enough to be gripped easily.
Removal of the O-ring in sliding bowl bottom using compressed air
5.3.15 Springs for operating mechanism

Defective or broken springs may prevent complete closing of the bowl. Renew those springs which differ from other springs in regard to length or are defective in other respects.
Check for defective or broken springs
5.3.16 Worm wheel and worm; wear of teeth

Same as described in 5.7.1 Worm wheel and worm; wear of teeth on page 88 in this chapter.
66
G0536111
G0207511
5.3.17
Cover interlocking switch (option)
When the button is pushed, check that the brown and blue wires are short-circuited and the two black wires are out-of-circuit. Check also the reverse when the button not pressed. See the illustration for exact measurement when the button is operated.
Contact closed Contact open BK BN BU GN-YW Black Brown Blue Green-Yellow
Measurements for operation range of the cover interlocking switch button
5.3.18 Vibration switch (option) NOTE

Before carrying out the function check described below, check that a safety stop will not cause serious interruption of the operation. Knock on the vibration switch cap a number of times within one second (the number is decided by the system parameter settings). If the switch functions correctly, the separator will perform a safety stop. How to adjust the setpoint is described in chapter 5.8.2 Vibration switch (option) on page 93.
G0548411
Vibration switch
67
G0548111
5.4
Check points at Major Service (MS)

Bowl hood seal ring
5.4.1
Same as described in 5.3.1 Bowl hood seal ring on page 51.
5.4.2
Bowl spindle cone and bowl body nave
Same as described in 5.3.2 Bowl spindle cone and bowl body nave on page 52.
5.4.3
Bowl spindle; height position
If the bowl spindle has been removed, its height position relative to the frame ring must be checked. Place a steel ruler across the frame ring. Measure the distance between the spindle top and the underside of the steel ruler with a depth gauge or a graduated ruler. The distance (A) should be 24 1 mm. The height position is adjusted by adding or removing height adjusting rings inside the bottom bearing housing.
Before starting adjustment, tap the spindle top a few times with a tin hammer to ensure that the bottom bearing of the spindle is properly seated in the bottom bearing housing.
A = 24 1 mm
68
G0540111
NOTE
5.4.4
Bowl spindle; radial wobble
The bowl spindle wobble should be checked if the bowl spindle has been dismantled or if rough bowl running (vibration) occurs.
NOTE
Spindle wobble will cause rough bowl run. This leads to vibration and reduces lifetime of ball bearings. Check the wobble before mounting the bowl. Before measuring, make sure that the buffer plugs are properly tightened. Fit a dial indicator in a support and fasten it to the frame. Remove the brake cover to get access to the coupling drum. Use the coupling drum to revolve the spindle manually. Measure the wobble at the top of the tapered end of the spindle. Maximum permissible radial wobble is 0,04 mm. If wobble is too large, renew all the ball bearings on the spindle.
G0191521
Measure wobble after assembly. If it is still excessive, the spindle is probably damaged and must be replaced.
Max. radial wobble = 0,04 mm
5.4.5
Brake lining
A worn or oily lining will lengthen the braking period. If the lining is worn: Remove the screws and exchange the lining.
NOTE
The screws are slotted in both ends.
G0134111
Brake lining is fastened with screws
69
If the lining is oily: Clean the lining and the coupling drum with a suitable degreasing agent. Roughen the friction surface of the lining with a coarse file.
NOTE
Identify the cause of oily lining. If oil is leaking from the gear housing, renew the sealing ring between the two parts.
Measurements when the lining is oily
G0134211
Checking of spring and brake shoe: Formation of rust on brake parts may cause the brake to jam. Remove any rust from the surface (1) of the brake shoe and the corresponding guide surface in the cap (2). Rub in Molykote Paste on the surfaces. Replace the spring (3) if it has been weak. This is indicated by chattering from the spring when the brake is in released position. Oil the spring when assembling.
1. 2. 3. Contact surface on the brake shoe for the spring Guide surface in the cap for the brake shoe Spring
5.4.6
Buffer springs and ball bearing housing
Weakened or broken buffer springs or defective contact surfaces for the buffers on the ball bearing housing may give rise to separator vibration (rough bowl run).
Cut view of ball bearing housing
70
G0537711
G0134311
Top bearing springs In case of spring fracture, the complete set of springs should be replaced, even if only one spring is broken.
1. 2. 3. 4.
Ball bearing housing Radial buffer Buffer spring Screw plug
Ball bearing housing Examine the contact surface for the buffers on the ball bearing housing. In case of defects (indentations deeper than 0,5 mm), renew the housing as well as buffers and springs.
Max. permitted indentations made by radial buffers
71
G0283611
G0537811
5.4.7
Coupling friction pads
Worn or oily pads in the coupling will cause a long acceleration period. If the separator does not attain full speed within about 10 minutes or the bowl lose speed during operation, the friction pads of the coupling may be worn or oily. Check the pads. If the pads are oily: Clean the pads and the inside of the coupling drum with a suitable degreasing agent. Roughen the friction surfaces of the pads with a coarse file.
If the pads are worn: Remove the screws and renew the pads.
NOTE
The screws are slotted in both ends. Replace all pads even if only one is worn. How to renew friction pads without dismantled horizontal driving device. Remove the brake cap. Undo the screws of the holding brackets. Remove the holding brackets and friction blocks. Remove the screws and renew the pads.
Replacement of coupling friction pads without removing the electric motor or horizontal driving
72
G0538521
Different friction blocks for different power supply frequencies If mounting new friction blocks, check that the blocks are correct for the power supply frequency. The measure A is different for 50 and 60 Hz separators 50 Hz: 60 Hz: A = 20 mm A = 5,5 mm
Measure A is different for 50 and 60 Hz installations
The thickness does not include the friction pad.
5.4.8
Corrosion
Same as described in 5.3.3 Corrosion on page 52.
5.4.9
Cracks
Same as described in 5.3.4 Cracks on page 55.
5.4.10 Disc stack pressure

Same as described in 5.3.5 Disc stack pressure on page 56.
5.4.11 Dosing ring

Same as described in 5.3.6 Dosing ring on page 58.
5.4.12 Erosion
Same as described in 5.3.7 Erosion on page 58.
73
G0603011
5.4.13
Flexible plate in coupling
The axial play (1) of the flexible plate should be approximately 2 mm.
Location of the axial play (1) in the flexible coupling
Check the play as follows: Measure the distance from the frame ring to the coupling disc of the separator.
Measure of distance for coupling in separator frame
Measure the distance from the motor coupling disc to the motor flange. X mm - Y mm = 2 mm. If required, adjust the position of the motor coupling disc.
Measure of distance for coupling on motor
74
G0538411
G0538321
G0538221
5.4.14
Guide surfaces
Check surfaces indicated (1) for burrs or galling. Rectify when necessary. Repair of galling on guiding surfaces, see 5.3.8 Guide surfaces on page 60. Treat the guide surfaces with slide lacquer in the following way: 1. Mask the nave hole of the bowl body. Slide lacquer must not enter this hole. 2. Carefully degrease the contact surfaces (1) between the sliding bowl bottom and bowl body. Dry the surfaces well. 3. Apply slide lacquer Molykote D321R with a well cleaned brush. Protect the surfaces which should not be treated. 4. Air-cure the treated surfaces for 20 minutes. 5. Use a smooth fibre brush to polish to an even, homogeneous contact film. 6. Apply slide lacquer a second time. 7. Air-cure the lacquer for a further 20 minutes. 8. Polish the film to a shiny surface. The film should look like well-polished leather when properly done.
Bowl body
G0378241 G0378231
Sliding bowl bottom
9. Finish the treatment by lubricating the contact surfaces (A) with Alfa Laval lubricating paste or Molykote 1000 Paste. Use a well-cleaned brush. Rub it into the surface, do not leave any excessive paste. 10. Lubricate the O-ring and the seal ring with silicone grease and check that they lie properly in their grooves.
At major service
Alfa Laval lubricating paste or Molykote 1000 Paste
Slide lacquer (Molykote D 321R) Paste
5.4.15 Inlet pipe and oil paring disc

Same as described in 5.3.9 Inlet pipe and oil paring disc on page 62.
75
5.4.16 Level ring

Same as described in section 5.3.10 Level ring on page 62.
5.4.17 Lock ring; priming

The arrows indicate positions of threads, guide and contact surfaces to be primed. Recommended agents for priming procedure: Degreasing agent Lubricating spray Molykote 321 R Hand drilling machine
G0581211
2 fibre brushes
Threads, guide and contact surfaces to be primed
1. Clean the lock ring thoroughly with a degreasing agent and wipe it off.
2. Spray the threads, guide and contact surfaces with slide lacquer Molykote 321 R. Let the lacquer air-cure for about 20 minutes.
76
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3. Use a fibre brush to polish the slide lacquer into the surface. The black spray will look like well-polished leather when properly done.
4. Spray the lock ring a second time and let it dry for about 20 minutes.
5. Polish the slide lacquer to a black shiny surface which can now last about a year. Proceed in the same way with the threads of the bowl body and with the guide surfaces of the bowl hood and bowl body.
77
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5.4.18
Lock ring; wear and damage
Same as described in section 5.3.11 Lock ring; wear and damage on page 63.
5.4.19 Oil paring disc; height position

The height position of the oil paring disc (1) should be checked if the bowl spindle has been removed or the bowl has been replaced. Assemble the bowl without small lock ring, flow control disc and upper paring disc. Tighten the large lock ring until the bowl hood is in close contact with the bowl body. Put frame hood in place and tighten it to the frame ring. Measure the distance A according to the figure. The distance should be 65 0,5 mm. Adjust the distance by adding or removing height adjusting rings (2).
A= 65 0,5 mm
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With inlet and outlet parts mounted: Revolve the worm wheel shaft by hand. If it turns heavily or if a scraping noise is heard, wrong height adjustment or wrong fitting of the inlet pipe may be the cause.
5.4.20 Operating mechanism

Same as described in section 5.3.12 Operating mechanism on page 64.
78
5.4.21 Operating paring disc; height position

If the bowl spindle has been removed or the bowl has been replaced, the height position of the operating device relative to the bowl spindle top must be checked. The operating paring disc device should be assembled and fitted. Support the templet on the spindle top with the measurement indication177,3 facing the spindle. There should be a small gap between the lower end of the templet and the upper side of the paring disc, otherwise the paring disc position is too high. Turn the templet so that the measurement indication on the other side (178,3) faces the spindle and the templet lower end supports on the paring disc. There should be a small gap between the templet tongue and the spindle top, otherwise the paring disc position is too low. The height position is adjusted by adding or by removing height adjusting rings (1) under the distributing cover. After adjustment rotate the spindle. If a scraping noise is heard, re-adjust.
Templet supported on the operating paring disc Templet supported on the spindle top
G0581511
5.4.22 Operating slide

Same as described in section 5.3.13 Operating slide on page 65.
The height position can be adjusted with height adjusting rings (1)
5.4.23 Sliding bowl bottom

Same as described in section 5.3.14 Sliding bowl bottom on page 65.
79
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5.4.24 Springs for operating mechanism

Same as described in 5.3.15 Springs for operating mechanism on page 66.
5.4.25 Worm; wear of groove

Renew the worm if the wear in the groove (1) which receives the conveyor exceeds 3-4 mm.
Max. wear (1) = 3-4 mm
5.4.26 Worm wheel and worm; wear of teeth

Same as described in section 5.3.16 Worm wheel and worm; wear of teeth on page 66.
80
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5.4.27
Worm wheel shaft; radial wobble
Excessive wobble on the worm wheel shaft may cause vibration and noise. Clamp a dial indicator in a magnetic support and fasten it to the surface for the worm wheel guard. Turn the worm wheel shaft by hand. Maximum permissible radial wobble is 0,10 mm. If the wobble is larger, the worm wheel shaft must be removed from the frame for closer examination. Get in touch with your Alfa Laval representative as the worm wheel shaft may need to be replaced.
Max. radial wobble = 0,10 mm
5.4.28 Cover interlocking switch (option)

Same as described in 5.3.17 Cover interlocking switch (option) on page 67.
5.4.29 Vibration switch (option)

Same as described in 5.3.18 Vibration switch (option) on page 67.
81
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5.5 Lifting instructions
5.5
Lifting instructions
Attach three endless slings or cables to the lifting eyes (the screws must be tightened with spanner). Length of each sling must be min. 2 metres (6,5).
NOTE
Machine weight without frame hood and bowl is approx. 850 kg. Do not lift the separator unless the frame hood and bowl have been removed.
WARNING
Crush hazards Use only the three special lifting eyes (M16) for lifting the machine. They are to be screwed into the special threaded holes normally covered by the frame hood.
G0544511
Other holes are not dimensioned for lifting the machine. A falling separator can cause accidents resulting in serious injury to persons and damage to equipment. When lifting the bowl, use the special lifting tool fastened on the bowl hood.
Lift the separator with the frame hood and bowl removed
NOTE
Check that the lock ring is properly tightened. The height of the lock ring above the bowl body must not exceed 12 mm, see illustration.
G0544611
Weight to lift is approx. 300 kg.

The lock ring must be properly tightened when lifting the bowl
82
5.6 Cleaning
5.6
5.6.1
Cleaning
External cleaning
The external cleaning of the frame and motor should be restricted to brushing, sponging or wiping while the motor is running or is still hot. Never wash down a separator with a direct water stream. Totally enclosed motors can be damaged by direct hosing to the same extent as open motors and even more than those, because: Many operators believe that these motors are sealed, and normally they are not. A water jet played on these motors will produce an internal vacuum, which will suck the water between the metal-to-metal contact surfaces into the windings, and this water cannot escape. Water directed on a hot motor may cause condensation resulting in short-circuiting and internal corrosion.
Never wash down a separator with a direct water stream Never play a water jet on the motor
Be careful even when the motor is equipped with a protecting hood. Never play a water jet on the ventilation grill of the hood.
Use a sponge or cloth and a brush when cleaning
83
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5.6 Cleaning
5.6.2
Cleaning agents
When using chemical cleaning agents, make sure you follow the general rules and suppliers recommendations regarding ventilation, protection of personnel, etc.
Alfa Laval cleaning liquid for lube oil separators is available in 25-litre plastic containers Part No. 1762852-01 Alfa Laval cleaning liquid for fuel oil separators is available in 5-litre plastic containers Part No. 1763500-01
84
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5.6 Cleaning
For separator bowl, inlet and outlet A chemical cleaning agent must dissolve the deposits quickly without attacking the material of the separator parts. For cleaning of lube oil separators the most important function of the cleaning agent is to be a good solvent for the gypsum in the sludge. It should also act as a dispersant and emulsifier for oil. It is recommended to use Alfa Laval cleaning liquid for lube oil separators which has the above mentioned qualities. Note that carbon steel parts can be damaged by the cleaning agent if submerged for a long time. Fuel oil sludge mainly consists of complex organic substances such as asphaltenes. The most important property of a cleaning liquid for the removal of fuel oil sludge is the ability to dissolve these asphaltenes. Alfa Laval cleaning liquid for fuel oil separators has been developed for this purpose. The liquid is water soluble, nonflammable and does not cause corrosion of brass and steel. It is also gentle to rubber and nylon gaskets in the separator bowl. Before use, dilute the liquid with water to a concentration of 3-5%. Recommended cleaning temperature is 50-70 C.
CAUTION
Skin irritation hazard Read the instructions on the label of the plastic container before using the cleaning liquid. Always wear safety goggles, gloves and protective clothing as the liquid is alkaline and dangerous to skin and eyes.
For operating mechanism Use 10% acetic acid solution to dissolve lime deposits. The acid should be heated to 80 C.
85
5.6 Cleaning
For parts of the driving devices Use white spirit, cleaning-grade kerosene or diesel oil.
Oiling (protect surfaces against corrosion) Protect cleaned carbon steel parts against corrosion by oiling. Separator parts that are not assembled after cleaning must be wiped and coated with a thin layer of clean oil and protected from dust and dirt.
5.6.3
Cleaning of bowl discs
Bowl discs Handle the bowl discs carefully so as to avoid damage to the surfaces during cleaning.
NOTE
Mechanical cleaning is likely to scratch the disc surfaces causing deposits to form quicker and adhere more firmly. A gentle chemical cleaning is therefore preferable to mechanical cleaning. 1. Remove the bowl discs from the distributor and lay them down, one by one, in the cleaning agent. 2. Let the discs remain in the cleaning agent until the deposits have been dissolved. This will normally take between two and four hours. 3. Finally clean the discs with a soft brush.
Put the discs one by one into the cleaning agent
Clean the discs with a soft brush
86
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5.6 Cleaning
5.6.4
CIP-system
Alfa Laval has developed a CIP (Cleaning-InPlace) system specifically designed for cleaning the bowl and with the inlet and outlets of lube and fuel oil separators without the need of dismantling.
CIP Unit connected to separator
87
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5.7
5.7.1
When changing oil

Worm wheel and worm; wear of teeth
Check at each oil change. Check the teeth of both the worm wheel and worm for wear.
See the Tooth appearance examples on page 90. Examine the contact surfaces and compare the tooth profiles. The gear may operate satisfactorily even when worn to some degree.
G0205311
Replace both worm wheel and worm at the same time, even if only one of them is worn. To avoid damaging the teeth when lifting the bowl spindle: push the worm wheel to one side first. Position the spindle in place before fitting the worm wheel.
1 2 Worm Worm wheel
When replacing the gear, always make sure that the new worm wheel and worm have the same number of teeth as the old ones. See chapter 8.1 Technical data on page 178 for correct number of teeth.
DANGER
Disintegration hazards Check that gear ratio is correct for power frequency used. If incorrect, subsequent overspeed may result in a serious breakdown.
Check the gear ratio (number of teeth) when replacing the gear
88
G0205411
NOTE
Presence of metal chips in the oil bath is an indication that the gear is wearing abnormally.
IMPORTANT! When using mineral-type oil in the worm gear housing, the presence of black deposits on the spindle parts is an indication that the oil base has deteriorated seriously or that some of the oil additives have precipitated. If pits are found on the worm gear, the cause could be that the additives are not suitable for this purpose. In all these cases it is imperative to change to a high-temperature oil. For further information, see chapter 8.5 Lubricants on page 187.
89
Tooth appearance examples Satisfactory teeth: Uniform wear of contact surfaces. Surfaces are smooth. Good contact surfaces will form on the teeth when the gear is subjected to only moderate load during its running-in period.
Satisfactory teeth
G0538711
Worn teeth: Permissible wear is as a rule 1/3 of the thickness of the upper part of a tooth, provided that
G0538811
the wear is uniform over the whole of the flank of a tooth and all teeth are worn in the same way.
Worn teeth
Spalling: Small bits of the teeth have broken off, so-called spalling. This is generally due to excessive load or improper lubrication. Damage of this type need not necessitate immediate replacement, but careful checking at short intervals is imperative.
Spalling
Pitting: Small cavities in the teeth, so-called pitting, can occur through excessive load or improper lubrication. Damage of this type need not necessitate immediate replacement, but careful check at short intervals is imperative.
Pitting
90
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5.7.2 NOTE
Oil change procedure
Before adding or renewing lubricating oil in the worm gear housing, the information concerning different oil groups, handling of oils, oil change intervals etc. given in chapter 8.5 Lubricants on page 187 must be well known.
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1. 2. 3.
Oil filling plug Sight glass Oil drain plug
1. Place a collecting tray under the drain hole, remove the drain plug and drain off the oil.
CAUTION
G0035921
Burn hazards Lubricating oil and various machine surfaces can be sufficiently hot to cause burns. 2. Fill new oil in the worm gear housing. The oil level should be exactly in the middle of the sight glass: Oil volume: approx. 12 litres.
Burn hazards: The drained oil can be hot
During running the oil level should be slightly below the middle of the sight glass.
The oil level must not be above the middle of the sight glass
91
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NOTE
5.8 Vibration
5.8
5.8.1
Vibration
Vibration analysis
Excessive vibration or noise indicates that something is incorrect. Stop the separator and identify the cause. Use vibration analysis instrument to periodically check and record the level of vibration. See the illustration where to take measurements. The level of vibration should not exceed 11,2 mm/s.
DANGER
Disintegration hazards
G0582811
When excessive vibration occurs, keep liquid feed on and stop separator. The cause of the vibration must be identified and corrected before the separator is restarted. Excessive vibration can be due to incorrect assembly or poor cleaning of the bowl.
Measuring points for vibration analysis
92
5.8 Vibration
5.8.2
Vibration switch (option)
Adjustment of setpoint The vibration switch is adjusted by a simple procedure with the separator in operation. In making this adjustment, the cover must be removed to gain access to the setpoint adjusting screw (1). 1. Back-off the setpoint adjusting screw counterclockwise (A) two or three turns. Press the reset button. If the armature does not remain in the reset position, turn the adjusting screw another turn or two until the armature stays in position when the reset button is pressed. 2. Now turn the adjusting screw slowly clockwise until the armature rocks. Mark this position with a line immediately in front-of the adjusting screw pointer (2). 3. Back-off the adjusting screw counterclockwise a three-quarter turn. Press the reset button. If the armature now rocks, turn the adjusting screw counter-clockwise another quarter turn and so on until the armature remains in the reset position. 4. Refit the cap and fasten with the screws.
Setpoint adjustment 1. Adjusting screw 2. Pointer A. Direction of increased set point (admit higher vibration)
NOTE
Further adjustment may become necessary if alarm occurs due to vibration from surrounding equipment.
93
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5.9
Common maintenance directions

Ball and roller bearings
5.9.1
Special-design bearings for the bowl spindle The bearings used for the bowl spindle are special to withstand the speed, vibration, temperature and load characteristics of highspeed separators. Only Alfa Laval genuine spare parts should be used. A bearing that in appearance looks equivalent to the correct may be considerably different in various respects: inside clearances, design and tolerances of the cage and races as well as material and heat treatment.
A B C D Outer race Ball/roller Inner race Cage
G0587311
NOTE
Using an incorrect bearing can cause a serious breakdown with damage to equipment as a result. Do not re-fit a used bearing. Always replace it with a new one.
Dismantling For bearings where no driving-off sleeve is included in the tool kit, remove the bearing from its seat by using a puller. If possible, let the puller engage the inner ring, then remove the bearing with a steady force until the bearing bore completely clears the entire length of the cylindrical seat. The puller should be accurately centered during dismantling; otherwise, it is easy to damage the seating.
NOTE
Do not hit with a hammer directly on the bearing.
For bearings where no driving-off sleeve is included in the tool kit, use a puller when removing bearings
94
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Cleaning and inspection Check shaft (spindle) end and/or bearing seat in the housing for damage indicating that the bearing has rotated on the shaft (spindle) and/or in the housing respectively. Replace the damaged part(s), if the faults cannot be remedied by polishing or in some other way.
Assembly Leave new bearings in original wrapping until ready to fit. The anti-rust agent protecting a new bearing should not be removed before use. Use the greatest cleanliness when handling the bearings. To facilitate assembly and also reduce the risk of damage, first clean and then lightly smear the bearing seating on shaft (spindle) or alternatively in housing, with a thin oil.
Clean and smear the bearing seating before assembly
95
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When assembling ball bearings, the bearings must be heated in oil to max. 125 C.
NOTE
Heat the bearing in a clean container.
G0587611
Use only clean oil with a flash point above 250 C. The bearing must be well covered by the oil and not be in direct contact with the sides or the bottom of the container. Place the bearing on some kind of support or suspended in the oil bath. There are several basic rules for assembling cylindrical bore bearings: - Never directly strike a bearings rings, cage or rolling elements while assembling. A ring may crack or metal fragments break off. - Never apply pressure to one ring in order to assemble the other. - Use an ordinary hammer. Hammers with soft metal heads are unsuitable as fragments of the metal may break off and enter the bearing. - Make sure the bearing is assembled at a right angle to the shaft (spindle). If necessary use a driving-on sleeve that abuts the ring which is to be assembled with an interference fit, otherwise there is a risk that the rolling elements and raceways may be damaged and premature failure may follow.
The bearing must not be in direct contact with the container
Use a driving-on sleeve for bearings that are not heated
96
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Angular contact ball bearings Always fit single-row angular contact ball bearings with the wide shoulder of the inner race facing the axial load (upwards on a bowl spindle).
G0587211
The wide shoulder of the inner race must face the axial load
5.9.2
Before shutdowns
Before the separator is shut-down for a period of time, the following must be carried out: Remove the bowl, according to instructions in chapter 6 Dismantling/Assembly on page 99.
NOTE
The bowl must not be left on the spindle during standstill for more than one week. Vibration in foundations can be transmitted to the bowl and produce one-sided loading of the bearings. The resultant indentations in the ball bearing races can cause premature bearing failure. Protect cleaned carbon steel parts against corrosion by oiling. Separator parts that are not assembled after cleaning must be wiped and protected against dust and dirt. If the separator has been shut-down for more than 3 months but less than 12 months, an Intermediate Service (IS) has to be made. If the shut-down period has been longer than 12 months, a Major Service (MS) should be carried out.
97
98
6 Dismantling/Assembly
Contents
6.1 Introduction
6.1.1 6.1.2 6.1.3 General directions References to check points Tools 100 100 100 101 102 102 103 105 107 107 108 114
6.7 Horizontal driving device (MS)

6.7.1 6.7.2 6.7.3 Exploded view Dismantling Assembly
154 154 156 161
6.2 Inlet/outlet, frame hood (IS)

6.3 Bowl hood and disc stack (IS)

6.4 Bowl body and operating mechanism (IS)

120 120 121 126 131 131 132 135 140 140 142 147
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6.5 Operating water device (IS)

6.6 Vertical driving device (MS)

99
6.1 Introduction
6.1
6.1.1
Introduction
General directions
The separator must be dismantled regularly for cleaning and inspection. The recommended intervals are stated in chapter 5.1.2 Maintenance intervals on page 39.
DANGER
Entrapment hazard Make sure that rotating parts have come to a complete standstill before starting any dismantling work.
G0246221
The revolution counter and the motor fan indicate if separator parts are rotating or not. The frame hood and heavy bowl parts must be lifted by hoist. Position the hoist directly above the bowl centre. Use an endless sling and a lifting hook with catch. These parts must be handled carefully. Do not place parts directly on the floor, but on a clean rubber mat, fibreboard or a suitable pallet.
The revolution counter indicates if the separator still is rotating
6.1.2
References to check points
In the text you will find references to the Check Point instructions in chapter 5. The references appear in the text as in the following example:
Check point
5.4.10 Disc stack pressure on page 73. In this example, look up check point Disc stack pressure in chapter 5 for further instructions.
100
6.1 Introduction
6.1.3
Tools
Special tools from the tool kit must be used for dismantling and assembly. The special tools are specified in the Spare Parts Catalogue and are shown as illustrations together with the dismantling/assembly instructions.
NOTE
When lifting parts without weight specifications, always use lifting straps with the capacity of at least 500 kg.
101
6.2
Inlet/outlet, frame hood (IS)

Exploded view
6.2.1
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
Plug O-ring Support Square-sectioned ring Inlet pipe Support Connecting housing O-ring Frame hood
102
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6.2.2
Dismantling DANGER
Entrapment hazards
The revolution counter and the motor fan indicates if separator parts are rotating or not. 2. To avoid accidental start, switch off and lock power supply before starting any dismantling work. The frame hood and the heavy bowl parts must be lifted by means of a hoist. Position the hoist exactly above the bowl centre. Use an endless sling and a lifting hook with catch. The parts must be handled carefully. Dont place parts directly on the floor, but on a clean rubber mat, fibreboard or a suitable pallet. 1. Loosen the clamp screw and lower the clamping stirrup. Remove the plug. 2. Undo the coupling nuts of inlet and outlet piping at the pipe support. Swing aside the feed pipe.
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103
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1. Make sure that rotating parts have come to a complete standstill before starting any dismantling work.
3. Unscrew the inlet pipe using the special pin spanner. Left-hand thread!
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4. Remove the inlet pipe. 5. Swing aside the oil outlet pipe. Loosen the coupling nut of the connection housing.
104
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6. Remove the connection housing. 7. Remove the six screws holding the frame hood at lift it off.
6.2.3
Assembly
1. Put the frame hood in place and tighten it with the six screws. 2. Fit the connection housing. Note its angular position on the upper paring disc. 3. Connect the water outlet pipe and oil outlet pipe. Do not tighten the coupling nuts yet.
4. Fit the inlet pipe. 5. Tighten the inlet pipe properly using the special pin spanner. Left-hand thread!
S0066211
6. Fit the square-sectioned ring upon the inlet pipe.
105
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7. Fit the feed pipe and plug and tighten the clamp screw properly. 8. Tighten the coupling nuts of inlet and outlet piping at the pipe support.
DANGER
Disintegration hazards When power cables have been connected, always check direction of rotation. If incorrect, vital rotating parts could unscrew causing disintegration of the machine.
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106
6.3
6.3.1
Bowl hood and disc stack (IS)

Exploded view
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
Paring chamber cover (small lock ring) O-ring O-ring Upper paring disc O-ring Gasket Flow control disc Lock ring O-ring
10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19.
Bowl hood O-ring Seal ring Top disc Oil paring disc Level ring O-ring Bowl disc Wing insert Distributor
107
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6.3.2
Dismantling
1. Unscrew the paring chamber cover using the spanner. Left-hand thread!
S0064711
2. Remove the upper paring disc and flow control disc.
3. Apply the brake and unscrew the lock ring as described below.
NOTE
To facilitate unscrewing the large lock ring, reduce shocks to bearings and keep thread wear to a minimum, the disc stack should be compressed using an Alfa Laval compressing tool (optional) as described below.
Unscrewing lock ring without using a compressing tool a. Unscrew the lock ring using the spanner. Left-hand thread!
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108
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Unscrewing lock ring with a compressing tool a. Fit the lifting tool on the bowl hood.
S0067611 G0531211
b. Fit the compressing tool by screwing the pillar of the tool into the threads of the distributor using the lever. The switch on the compressing tool should be in position 0.
S0067811
c. Turn the switch to position 1 for compression. Compress the disc stack by pumping the lever until the oil pressure is released through the relief valve.
d. Unscrew the large lock ring using the spanner. Left-hand thread!
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109
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e. Release the pressure in the compressing tool and remove it from the lifting tool.
4. Remove the lock ring.
NOTE
The lock ring must be kept lying horizontally or it may become distorted. Even slightest distortion could make it impossible to refit. 5. Separate the bowl hood from the bowl body as described below before lifting off the bowl hood. Separating bowl hood without using a compressing tool a. Screw the spindle plate into the lifting tool. Unscrew the spindle a few turns if the plate is not in contact with the lifting tool.
b. Screw home the spindle until the bowl hood loosens from the bowl body. c. Remove the spindle plate from the lifting tool.
110
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Separating bowl hood with a compressing tool a. Remove the lifting tool from the bowl hood. b. Fit the compressing tool by screwing the pole of the tool into the threads of the distributor using the lever. The switch on the compressing tool should be in position 0. c. Fit the lifting tool on the bowl hood. d. Turn the switch to position 2 for expansion. Separate the bowl hood from the bowl body by pumping the lever. e. Remove the lifting tool and the compressing tool. Then refit the lifting tool. 6. Lift off the bowl hood using hoist. Be careful not to scratch the bowl hood seal ring.
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CAUTION
Crush hazards If the top disc is stuck into the bowl hood, remove it now before it accidentally falls out.
111
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7. Remove the top disc.
8. Screw the inlet pipe into the paring disc located above the level ring inside the top disc. Left-hand thread! Place the top disc onto wooden blocks to act as protection for the top disc edge and for falling level ring. Place a piece of wood between the tin hammer and the inlet pipe and then force out the level ring and the paring disc carefully from the top disc.
112
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9. Fit the lifting tool into the distributor and lift the distributor with disc stack out of the bowl body using hoist.
10. Remove deposits and clean all parts thoroughly in a suitable cleaning agent. See chapter 5.6 Cleaning on page 83.
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113
6.3.3
Assembly
Check point
5.3.3 Corrosion on page 52, 5.3.4 Cracks on page 55, 5.3.7 Erosion on page 58, 5.3.11 Lock ring; wear and damage on page 63. 1. Assemble the discs one by one on the distributor. The distributor has one guide rib for the correct positioning of the discs.
CAUTION
Cut hazard Sharp edges on the separator discs may cause cuts. For correct number of discs above and below the wing insert when the machine was new, see the Spare Parts Catalogue. The number of bowl discs above the wing insert may be increased to adjust the disc stack pressure. 2. Fit the lifting tool to the distributor and lift the distributor with disc stack into the sliding bowl bottom using hoist.
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Check that the guide pins in the distributing cone fit into the recesses on the underside of the distributor.
114
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Check point
5.3.10 Level ring on page 62. 3. Check that the small hole (1) in the top disc is not clogged. Fit the oil paring disc and level ring with O-ring into the top disc. Make sure that the paring disc is positioned in the right direction.
4. Fit the top disc onto the distributor. The drilled assembly mark on the top disc must face the guide lug on the bowl body.
Check point
5.3.1 Bowl hood seal ring on page 51. 5. Fit the lifting tool to the bowl hood and lift it using hoist. Check that the O-ring and the seal ring of the bowl hood are properly fitted and lubricated. Lower the bowl hood straight down onto the disc stack, otherwise it may get stuck. Be careful not to scratch the bowl hood seal ring.
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In set of tools without compressing tool.

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In set of tools with compressing tool.
For correct position of bowl hood, see next illustration.
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115
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6. Check that the guide recess on the bowl hood enters the guide lug in the bowl body.
7. Remove the lifting tool. 8. Lubricate the lock ring threads, contact and guide surfaces with lubricating paste.
Check point
5.4.17 Lock ring; priming on page 76 (only when Major Service).
9. Tighten the lock ring.
NOTE
To facilitate tightening of the lock ring, reduce shocks to bearings and keep the thread wear to a minimum, the disc stack should be compressed using an Alfa Laval compressing tool (optional) as described below.
Tightening of lock ring without using a compressing tool a. Tighten the lock ring using the spanner for lock ring. Left-hand thread!
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116
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b. Tighten until the assembly marks are in line.
Check point
5.3.5 Disc stack pressure on page 56.
NOTE
The assembly marks must never pass each other more than 25 which corresponds to A=100 mm.
(MAX 25 )
25 corresponds to A=100 mm
Tightening of lock ring using a compressing tool a. Fit the lifting tool onto the bowl hood.
S0067611 G0531211
b. Fit the compressing tool by screwing the pole of the tool into the threads of the distributor by the lever arm. The switch on the compressing tool, should be in position 0.
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c. Turn the switch to position 1 for compression. Compress the disc stack by pumping with the lever arm until the oil pressure is released through the relief valve.
117
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d. Tighten the lock ring using the spanner for lock ring. Left-hand thread!
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e. Tighten until the assembly marks are in line.
Check point
5.3.5 Disc stack pressure on page 56.
NOTE
The assembly marks must never pass each other more than 25 which corresponds to A=100 mm. f. Release the pressure in the compressing tool by turning the switch to position 0 and then remove the compressing and lifting tools. 10. Check that the small holes in the flow control disc and upper paring disc are not clogged. Fit the flow control disc with O-ring, and the upper paring disc.
(MAX 25 )
25 corresponds to A=100 mm
Check point
5.3.9 Inlet pipe and oil paring disc on page 62.
118
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11. Fit and tighten the paring chamber cover using the spanner. Left-hand thread!
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119
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6.4
Bowl body and operating mechanism (IS)

Exploded view
6.4.1
1. Cap nut 2. Distributing cone 3. O-ring 4. Sliding bowl bottom 5. Rectangular ring 6. Cylindrical pin 7. Bowl body 8. Guide lug 9. O-ring 10. Cylindrical pin 11. O-ring 12. Valve plug 13. Operating slide 14. Spring 15. Spring support 16. Screw 17. Dosing ring 18. Nozzle *) 19. Screw
G0546221
*) Secured with Loctite 242
120
6.4.2
Dismantling
1. Unscrew and remove the cap nut. Left-hand thread!
S0067011
2. Fit the lifting tool into the distributing cone and lift it out.
S0064911
3. Fit the lifting tool onto the sliding bowl bottom and lift it out by hoist.
S0064811
121
G0533211
G0532721
G0589711
4. Unscrew the three screws in the bottom of the bowl body.
5. Fit the lifting tool into the bowl body bottom with the three screws.
Release the bowl body from the spindle by using the lifting tool as a puller. Turn the handle at top of the lifting tool until the bowl body comes loose from the spindle taper. Turn the handle two more turns in order to avoid damaging the paring disc device.
S0064611
6. Lift out the bowl body using hoist.
122
G0533311
G0532911
G0532811
7. Thread a strap through two sludge ports and turn the bowl body upside down using hoist.
WARNING
Crush hazards Support the bowl body when turning to prevent it from rolling.
8. Loosen the screws for the spring support successively a little at a time. Remove the screws.
9. Remove the spring support and the springs.
123
G0536111
G0536011
G0535911
10. Unscrew the screws for the dosing ring.
11. Dismantle the dosing ring from the bowl body with the special puller.
S0066011
Proceed in the following way: a. Screw the nuts against the heads of the screws. b. Place the puller on the operating slide and screw the screws into the dosing ring. c. Force off the dosing ring by tightening the nuts crosswise. Remove the puller when the dosing ring is loose.
124
G0536311
G0536211
12. Fit two lifting eyes (M10) or two screws from the puller into the dosing ring and lift it off from the bowl body.
13. Fit two lifting eyes (M10) or two screws from the puller into the operating slide and lift it off from the bowl body.
125
G0536511
G0536411
14. Place the operating slide with the valve plugs facing upwards. Remove any thick deposits in the frame hood and clean all other parts thoroughly in a suitable cleaning agent. See chapter 5.6 Cleaning on page 83.
6.4.3
Assembly
Check point
5.3.3 Corrosion on page 52, 5.3.4 Cracks on page 55, 5.3.6 Dosing ring on page 58, 5.3.7 Erosion on page 58, 5.3.8 Guide surfaces on page 60, 5.3.12 Operating mechanism on page 64, 5.3.13 Operating slide on page 65, 5.3.14 Sliding bowl bottom on page 65, 5.3.15 Springs for operating mechanism on page 66. 1. Lubricate the guide surfaces of the bowl body, operating slide and dosing ring with lubricating paste. See chapter 8.5 Lubricants on page 187. 2. Fit the operating slide onto the bowl body. Check that the guide pin in the bowl body enters the hole in the operating slide.
126
G0536511
G0536611
3. Fit the dosing ring. Check that the guide pin in the bowl body enters the hole in the dosing ring.
4. Apply only a thin film of lubricating paste on the screws for the dosing ring.
NOTE
If there is too much lubrication paste applied, the surplus will collect between the operating slide and bowl body with risk for malfunction. Tighten the dosing ring screws to a torque of 20 Nm. The screws should first be tightened diametrically, then tightened symmetrically around the bowl. If torque is too low, there is a risk that the bolts will loosen by themselves when the separator is in operation. If torque is too high, the dosing ring as well as the bolts will be deformed. This may lead to sticking of the operating slide which moves inside the dosing ring.
G0544911
127
G0536411
5. Lubricate the guide surfaces of the spring support. See chapter 8.5 Lubricants on page 187. Fit springs and support 6. Tighten the three screws for the spring support successively by hand a little at a time. Finally tighten the screws to a torque of 25 Nm.
7. Wipe off the spindle top and nave bore in the bowl body. Lubricate the tapered end of the spindle and wipe it off with a clean cloth.
Check point
5.3.2 Bowl spindle cone and bowl body nave on page 52.
G0522611
8. Turn the bowl body using a hoist to its upright position with a strap threaded through two sludge ports.
WARNING
Crush hazards Support bowl body when turning to prevent it from rolling.
128
G0535911
G0544821
9. Fit the lifting tool into the bowl body bottom with the three screws. Turn the handle at the top of the lifting tool so that the central screw is home.
10. Lower the bowl body using hoist until the central screw rests on the spindle top. Then screw up the central screw so that the bowl body sinks down onto the spindle. Remove the tool. 11. Rotate the bowl body and align it so that the three screw holes in the bowl body bottom are exactly above the three holes in the distributing ring. Tighten the three screws firmly.
S0064611
12. Lubricate the guide surfaces of the bowl body and sliding bowl bottom with lubricating paste. See chapter 8.5 Lubricants on page 187. 13. Fit the lifting tool to the sliding bowl bottom and lift it into the bowl body using hoist. For correct position of the sliding bowl bottom, see below.
S0064811
14. Bring the assembly mark on the sliding bowl bottom in line with the guide lug on the bowl body to ensure that the sliding bowl bottom enters into the correct position.
G0535711
129
G0533211
G0532811
G0533311
15. Fit the distributing cone onto the sliding bowl bottom. Check that the guide pins on the underside of the distributing cone enter the recess in the sliding bowl bottom.
16. Tighten the cap nut firmly. Left-hand thread!
130
G0589721
G0532721
6.5
Operating water device (IS)

Exploded view
6.5.1
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
O-ring Distributing ring Control paring disc O-ring Cover Gasket Distributing cover Height adjusting ring
131
G0587911
6.5.2
Dismantling
1. Slacken the screws of the paring disc with a hexagon wrench and unscrew with a suitable screw driver.
2. Lift out the paring disc device.
132
G0588011
G0131721
3. Loosen and pull out the operating water inlet pipes.
4. Lift out the distributing cover.
133
G0588111
G0548311
5. To dismantle the paring disc device turn it upside down and remove the screws.
6. Remove deposits and clean all parts thoroughly in a suitable cleaning agent. Pay special attention to the channels. See chapter 5.6 Cleaning on page 83. 7. Check the parts for damage and corrosion.
134
G0589211
G0588211
6.5.3
Assembly
1. Put the distributing cover in place. Do not tighten the screws (this will make it easier to fit the operating water inlet tubes).
2. Fit the operating water inlet pipes into the distributing cover.
135
G0548311
G0588111
3. Fasten the distributing cover.
4. Assemble the paring disc device. Do not forget the gasket on its underside.
136
G0601911
G0589311
5. Align the three holes (1) in the paring disc with the three holes (2) in the distributing cover.
6. Fit the paring disc device in its place.
137
G0588011
G0589411
7. Tighten the screws of the paring disc.
Check point
5.4.21 Operating paring disc; height position on page 79. Only at Major Service (MS).
138
G0131721
139
6.6
Vertical driving device (MS)

Exploded view
6.6.1
140
G0546421
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38.
Protecting plate O-ring Protecting collar Guard O-ring Ball bearing housing Spring casing Gasket Oil fan Ball bearing Screw Screw Screw Spring washer Buffer Spring Buffer plug Bowl spindle Stop sleeve Ball bearing Worm Ball bearing Conveyor Ball bearing Spacing washer Ball bearing Washer Ball Support ring Height adjusting ring Spacing sleeve Bottom sleeve Slotted pin Ball Bottom bearing housing Washer Screw Gasket
141
6.6.2
Dismantling
1. Unscrew the six screws and remove the hood and O-ring.
2. Unscrew the three screws and remove the protecting plate, O-ring and protecting collar.
3. Unscrew the six screws and remove the guard and O-ring.
142
G0132141
G0132031
G0139131
4. Loosen (but do not remove) the six screw plugs for the buffers with a spanner and a hammer.
5. Unscrew the six screw plugs and remove the springs. Move the spindle top a few turns in a circle while pressing outwards. This will disengage buffers from the ball bearing housing.
G0536721
6. Remove the six buffers from the spring casing.
7. Unscrew the six screws holding the spring casing.
143
G0132421
G0522421
G0132231
8. Prize out the ball bearing housing from the spring casing with a screw driver. 9. Remove the spring casing and gasket.
10. Drain the oil from the worm gear housing.
CAUTION
Burn hazards Lubricating oil and various machine surfaces can be hot and cause burns. 11. Remove the brake cover and revolution counter cap and their gaskets.
G0035921 G0524511 G0127911
12. Knock out the taper pin from the worm wheel stop ring.
144
G0545011
13. Push the worm wheel to one side before removing the spindle. If worm wheel is stuck use a piece of wood to loosen it.
14. Fit the lifting tool onto the spindle and lift out using the hoist.
S0066811
15. Pull off the ball bearing (1) together with the spacing washer (2) and upper ball race (3) for the axial bottom ball bearing. 16. Remove the conveyor (4) for worm. 17. Remove the oil fan (5). 18. Remove the worm and stop sleeve from the spindle. Pull off ball bearings from the worm. Use a washer (a) as a support for the puller.
G0545321
145
G0128421
G0524811
G0128111
19. Drive off the top ball bearing from the sleeve spindle with the driving-off sleeve. Use a wooden plank or similar as a soft base for the spindle top.
S0066611
20. Lift out the axial bottom ball bearing and the washer beneath using the lifting pin.
S0066711
21. Lift out the bottom sleeve using the lifting pin.
22. Knock out the slotted pin (1) out of the spacing sleeve (2) and remove it. Unscrew support plug (3) using two screws (4) with threads 1/4-20 UNC to make height adjusting ring (5) accessible. 23. Remove deposits and clean all parts thoroughly in a suitable cleaning agent. See chapter 5.6 Cleaning on page 83.
G0136531
146
G0136631
G0136641
G0537511
6.6.3
Assembly
1. Fit the bottom sleeve with mounted parts (rings and sleeve) into the bottom bearing housing. Use the lifting pin.
S0066711
2. Fit the washer and the ball bearing onto the bottom sleeve.
When mounting ball bearings on the spindle and worm as described below, the bearings must be heated in oil to max 125 C (225 F).
WARNING
Burn hazards Use protective gloves when handling the heated bearings.
NOTE
If any doubt how to mount roller bearings in a correct way, see the detailed description in chapter 5.9.1 Ball and roller bearings on page 94. 3. Heat the ball bearing and fit it on the spindle.
G0545411
147
G0136641
G0546611
Check that one ball is fitted both on top and bottom of the bottom sleeve.
Check point
5.4.25 Worm; wear of groove on page 80. 4. Heat the two ball bearings and fit them on the worm.
5. Fit the stop sleeve (1) and the worm (2) on the spindle.
G0545221
7. Fit the conveyor (4) and the oil fan (5). 8. Fit the lifting tool to the spindle and lift it using hoist.
S0066811
148
G0524811
G0545321
6. Fit the ball bearing (1) on the spindle. Then fit the spacing washer (2) and upper ball race (3) for the axial bottom bearing. The ball race must be heated.
G0602011
9. Carefully lower the spindle into the frame and guide the spindle into the right position in the bottom bearing housing so the ball bearings enter their seats. If the ball bearings do not completely enter their seats, tap the spindle top gently with a tin hammer.
Check point
5.4.6 Buffer springs and ball bearing housing on page 70. 10. Fit the spring casing with gasket and ball bearing housing. Position the flat surfaces of the ball bearing housing in front of the buffer holes in the spring casing.
11. Tighten the six screws for the spring casing.
12. Fit the buffers, springs and screw plugs.
149
G0522421
G0132421
G0524921
G0133311
13. Tighten the six screw plugs.
14. Fit the guard with O-ring and tighten the six screws.
15. Fit the protecting collar with O-ring and protecting plate.
NOTE
Check that the protecting collar is in the bottom position before tightening the protecting plate. Tighten the three screws for the protecting plate.
G0132031
150
G0132141
G0133431
16. Fit the hood with O-ring and tighten the six screws.
Check point
5.4.3 Bowl spindle; height position on page 68.
17. Match the worm wheel with the teeth in the worm of the bowl spindle. Knock the taper pin into the worm wheel stop ring.
Check points
5.4.27 Worm wheel shaft; radial wobble on page 81. 5.4.4 Bowl spindle; radial wobble on page 69.
18. Fit the protecting cover with gasket.
19. Pour oil into worm gear housing. The oil level should be exactly in the middle of the sight glass. For correct oil volume and recommended oil brands, see chapter 8.5 Lubricants on page 187.
G0262011
151
G0538021
G0524521
G0139131
Check point
5.4.5 Brake lining on page 69. 20. Fit the brake cover and revolution counter cap and their gaskets.
152
G0537311
153
6.7
Horizontal driving device (MS)

Exploded view
6.7.1
154
G0591221
1. Ball bearing 2. Screw 3. Spring washer 4. Round nut 5. Lock washer 6. Bearing shield 7. Spring washer 8. Nut 9. Oil shield 10. Taper pin 11. Stop ring 12. Worm wheel 13. Ball bearing 14. Sealing ring 15. Sealing washer 16. O-ring 17. Worm-wheel shaft with coupling drum 18. Nave 19. Friction block 20. Friction pad 21. Holding bracket 22. Ball bearing 23. Spacing sleeve 24. Ball bearing 25. Lock washer 26. Round nut 27. Gasket 28. Coupling disc 29. Elastic plate
155
6.7.2
Dismantling DANGER
Entrapment hazards
1.
The revolution counter and the motor fan indicates if separator parts are rotating or not. 2. To avoid accidental start, switch off and lock power supply before starting any dismantling work.
S0051011 G0127911 G0035921
The parts must be handled carefully. Dont place parts directly on the floor, but on a clean rubber mat, fibreboard or a suitable pallet. 1. Drain the oil from the worm gear housing.
CAUTION
Burn hazards Lubricating oil and various machine surfaces can be hot and cause burns. 2. Remove the brake cover and revolution counter cap and their gaskets.
156
G0246221
Make sure that rotating parts have come to a complete standstill before starting any dismantling work.
3. Knock out the taper pin from the worm wheel stop ring.
4. Remove the protecting cover with gasket.
5. Unscrew the two nuts holding the oil shield. The shield can not be removed from the housing before the bearing shield is moved.
6. Unscrew the four screws for the bearing shield and remove it together with the oil shield.
157
G0525521
G0602911
G0538021
G0524511
7. Unscrew and remove the round nut and lock washer.

S0066411
8. Remove the ball bearing.
9. Remove the stop ring and worm wheel with ball bearing.
10. Pull off the ball bearing from the worm wheel. Use a washer as a support for the puller.
158
G0547611
G0522211
G0522311
G0525421
11. Disconnect the motor cables. Note the positions of cables in the terminal box to reconnect correctly (for correct direction of rotation). 12. Remove the electrical motor using hoist.
13. Remove the flexible plate and unscrew the six screws for the coupling disc and remove it.
14. Remove the worm wheel shaft with friction clutch pulley.
159
G0522111
G0524711
G0524621
15. To dismantle the nave, unscrew the round nut with the pin spanner and remove the lock washer.
S0066411
16. Pull off the nave with the puller and remove the friction blocks.
S0065511
17. Remove the sealing washer using two screws with 1/4-20 UNC threads.
18. Remove the sealing ring from the sealing washer. 19. Remove deposits and clean all parts thoroughly in a suitable cleaning agent. See chapter 5.6 Cleaning on page 83.
160
G0525111
G0522921
G0525021
G0522021
6.7.3
Assembly
1. Lubricate the O-ring on the sealing washer periphery and the sealing ring with silicone grease. Fit the sealing washer in frame and check that the sealing ring is fitted in the correct direction.
Check point
5.4.7 Coupling friction pads on page 72. 2. Fit the friction blocks (3) with pads (2) on the nave and lock them with holding brackets (4). Lubricate the ball bearings. For recommended lubricants, see chapter 8.5 Lubricants on page 187.
G0283731
3. Fit the ball bearings (1) and spacing sleeve (5) with the driving on sleeve tool to force the ball bearings into their correct positions.
S0066311
4. Tighten the round nut with the pin spanner and secure it with the lock washer.
S0066411
5. Fit the worm wheel shaft.
161
G0522111
G0522011
G0522921
Check point
5.4.26 Worm wheel and worm; wear of teeth on page 80. 6. Heat the ball bearing and fit it on the worm wheel. When mounting the ball bearings on the worm wheel and shaft, the bearings must be heated in oil to max. 125 C (225 F).
G0547711 G0522311 G0522211
WARNING
Burn hazards Use protective gloves when handling the heated bearings.
NOTE
If any doubt how to mount roller bearings in a correct way, see the detailed description in chapter 5.9.1 Ball and roller bearings on page 94. 7. Fit the worm wheel with the ball bearing and fit the stop ring.
8. Fit the ball bearing.
162
9. Knock the ball bearing into its seat with the driving-on sleeve tool.
S0066311
10. Tighten the round nut with the pin spanner and secure it with the lock washer.
S0066411
11. Fit the bearing shield together with the oil shield. Tighten the four screws for the bearing shield.
163
G0525511
G0525421
G0524421
12. Tighten the two nuts holding the oil shield in the bearing shield.
13. Fit the coupling disc with gasket and tighten the six screws. If necessary, use the drivingon sleeve. 14. Fit the flexible plate.
Check point
5.4.13 Flexible plate in coupling on page 74.
15. Fit the electrical motor.
DANGER
Disintegration hazards When power cables have been connected, always check direction of rotation. If incorrect, vital rotating parts could unscrew causing disintegration of the machine.
G0524621
164
G0524711
G0602911
The remaining description in this section implies that the bowl spindle is mounted in the frame. If not, proceed with the assembly instruction for the vertical driving device in chapter 6.6.3 Assembly on page 147. 16. Match the worm wheel with the teeth in the worm of the bowl spindle. Knock the taper pin into the worm wheel stop ring.
Check point
5.4.27 Worm wheel shaft; radial wobble on page 81.
17. Fit the protecting cover with gasket.
18. Pour oil into worm gear housing. The oil level should be exactly in the middle of the sight glass. For correct oil volume and recommended oil brands see chapter 8.5 Lubricants on page 187. 5.4.5 Brake lining on page 69. 19. Fit the brake cover and revolution counter cap and their gaskets.
G0262011
Check point
165
G0537311
G0538021
G0524521
166
7 Trouble-tracing
Contents
7.1 FOPX mechanical functions
7.1.1 7.1.2 7.1.3 7.1.4 7.1.5 7.1.6 7.1.7 7.1.8 7.1.9 Separator vibrates Smell Noise Speed too low Starting power too high Starting power too low Starting time too long Retardation time too long Water in worm gear housing 168 168 169 169 169 170 170 170 170 171 172 172 173 173 174 174 174 175 175 175 175
Trouble-tracing
Study the System Manuals Trouble-tracing chapter first (if applicable).
7.2 FOPX separating functions

7.2.1 7.2.2 7.2.3 7.2.4 7.2.5 7.2.6 Liquid flows through the bowl casing drain and/or sludge outlet Bowl opens accidentally during operation Bowl fails to open for sludge discharge Unsatisfactory sludge discharge Unsatisfactory separation result High pressure in water outlet
If the problem is not solved in the System Manuals Trouble-tracing, continue with this chapter.
7.3 Vibration switch (option)

7.3.1 7.3.2 7.3.3 Vibration switch does not reset Impossible to adjust setpoint setting to obtain tripping Vibration switch does not reset
167
7 Trouble-tracing
7.1
FOPX mechanical functions

Separator vibrates
7.1.1 NOTE
Some vibration is normal during the starting and stopping sequences when the separator passes through its critical speed.
DANGER
Disintegration hazards When excessive vibration occurs, keep liquid feed on and stop separator. The cause of the vibration must be identified and corrected before the separator is restarted. Excessive vibration may be due to incorrect assembly or poor cleaning of the bowl.
Cause Bowl out of balance due to: - poor cleaning - incorrect assembly - incorrect disc stack compression - bowl assembled with parts from other separators Uneven sludge deposits in the sludge space. Height adjustment of the oil paring disc or bowl spindle is incorrect. Bowl spindle bent (max 0,04 mm). Bearing is damaged or worn. Vibration damping rubber cushions are worn out. Spindle top bearing spring broken.
Corrective actions Dismantle the separator and check the assembly and cleaning.
Page 114
Dismantle and clean the separator bowl.
108
Stop the separator, measure and if necessary adjust the height(s). Renew the bowl spindle. Renew all bearings. Renew all rubber cushion.
68, 78
69 140, 154 50
Renew all springs.
140
168
7 Trouble-tracing
7.1.2
Cause
Smell
Corrective actions None. Page
Normal occurrence during start while the friction blocks are slipping. Brake is applied. Oil level in gear housing too low.
Release the brake. Check oil level and add oil if necessary.
32
7.1.3
Cause
Noise
Corrective actions Check oil level and add oil if necessary. Stop the separator, measure and adjust the height(s). Renew worm wheel and worm. Renew all bearings. Adjust the play. Page 32 68, 78
Oil level in gear housing too low. Height adjustment of the oil paring disc or bowl spindle is incorrect. Worm wheel and worm are worn. Bearing is damaged or worn. Incorrect play between coupling pulley and elastic plate.
88 140, 154 74
7.1.4
Cause
Speed too low

Corrective actions Release the brake. Clean or renew friction linings. Dismantle the bowl and check. Repair the motor. Renew all bearings. Stop and change the gear transmission to suit the power supply frequency. Page 72 107 140, 154 88, 140, 154
Brake is applied. Friction linings are oily or worn. Bowl is not closed or leaking. Motor failure. Bearing is damaged. Incorrect gear transmission (60 Hz gear for 50 Hz power supply).
169
7 Trouble-tracing
7.1.5
Cause
Starting power too high

Corrective actions Page
Incorrect friction blocks (50 Hz blocks for 60 Hz power supply).
DANGER Stop immediately and change the friction blocks to suit the power supply frequency. 72
Wrong direction of rotation.
Change electrical phase connections to the motor.
7.1.6
Cause
Starting power too low

Corrective actions Stop immediately and change the friction blocks to suit the power supply frequency. Clean or renew friction linings. Repair the motor. Page 72
Incorrect friction blocks (60 Hz blocks for 50 Hz power supply). Friction linings are oily or worn. Motor failure.
72
7.1.7
Cause
Starting time too long

Corrective actions Release the brake. Renew or clean friction linings. Stop, check and adjust the height. Page 72 72, 79
Brake is applied. Friction linings are oily or worn. Height position of oil paring disc or operating device is incorrect. Motor failure. Bearing is damaged or worn.
Repair the motor. Renew all bearings.
140, 154
7.1.8
Cause
Retardation time too long

Corrective actions Renew or clean brake lining. Page 69
Brake lining is worn or oily.
170
7 Trouble-tracing
7.1.9
Water in worm gear housing

Corrective actions Clean worm gear housing and change oil. Renew seal ring and change oil. Clean worm gear housing and change oil. Page 88
Cause Bowl casing drain obstructed.
Leakage at top bearing. Condensation.
140, 91 91
171
7 Trouble-tracing
7.2
FOPX separating functions

Liquid flows through the bowl casing drain and/or sludge outlet
Corrective actions None (normal). Page
7.2.1
Cause Sludge discharge or water draining in progress. Strainer in operating water line is clogged or water pressure/flow is too low.
Clean the strainer and check water pressure/flow: Closing water pressure, 20-30 kPa. Opening water flow, min.18 l/min. Clean the operating water device.
Channels in operating water device are clogged. O-rings at the flow control disc defective. Paring chamber cover (small lock ring) defective. Seal ring in the bowl hood defective. Sealing edge of the sliding bowl bottom defective. Valve plugs are defective. Bowl speed too low.
131
Renew the O-rings. Renew the paring chamber cover.
107 107
Renew the seal ring. Smoothen sealing edge of the sliding bowl bottom or renew it. Renew all valve plugs. See section 7.1.4 Speed too low on page 169 in this chapter.
107 65
65
172
7 Trouble-tracing
7.2.2
Cause
Bowl opens accidentally during operation

Corrective actions Clean the strainer. Page
Strainer in the operating water supply is clogged. No water in the operating water system.
Check the operating water system and make sure the valve(s) are open. Correct.
Water connections to the separator are incorrectly fitted. Upper nozzle in the dosing ring is clogged. Square-sectioned ring in sliding bowl bottom is defective. Valve plugs are defective.
Clean the nozzle. Carry out an Intermediate Service (IS). Renew the square-sectioned ring. Carry out an Intermediate Service (IS). Renew all plugs. Carry out an Intermediate Service (IS). Rectify the leak.
58
65
65
Supply valve for opening water is leaking.
7.2.3
Bowl fails to open for sludge discharge

Corrective actions Clean the strainer. Page
Cause Strainer in the operating water supply is clogged. Seal rings in operating device defective Water flow too low. Dosing ring too firmly tightened. Lower nozzle in the dosing ring is clogged. Seal ring in the operating slide is defective.
Renew the seal rings Check the opening water flow; 18 l/min. Check the tightening torque. Clean the nozzle. Carry out an Intermediate Service (IS). Renew the seal ring. Carry out an Intermediate Service (IS).
131 127 58
120
173
7 Trouble-tracing
7.2.4
Cause
Unsatisfactory sludge discharge

Corrective actions Check the tightening torque. Renew with correct valve plugs. Page 127 65
Dosing ring too firmly tightened. Valve plugs in the operating slide too high. Sludge deposits in the operating system.
Check and clean the operating system.
120, 131
7.2.5
Cause
Unsatisfactory separation result

Corrective actions Adjust. Adjust. Clean disc stack. Clean and reduce the time between sludge discharges. Examine the motor and power transmission including the gear ratio. Page 86 86
Incorrect separation temperature. Throughput too high. Disc stack is clogged. Sludge space in bowl is filled.
Bowl speed too low.
88, 154
7.2.6
Cause
High pressure in water outlet

Corrective actions Adjust. Open the valve(s). Adjust. Clean disc stack. Check assembly. Renew the oil paring disc. Page 86 114 107
Throughput too high. Valve(s) in oil outlet line closed. Separation temperature too low. Bowl disc stack is clogged. Bowl is incorrectly assembled. Oil paring disc is defective.
174
7 Trouble-tracing
7.3
Vibration switch (option)

Vibration switch does not reset
Corrective actions Clean magnets. Return to Alfa Laval for repair. Check for continuity and proper coil resistance. Page
7.3.1
Cause Dirt or iron chips on magnets. Leaf spring broken. Reset coil open.
7.3.2
Impossible to adjust setpoint setting to obtain tripping

Corrective actions Readjust the air gap with the stop pin screw. Page
Cause Incorrect air gap between hold-down magnet (lower) and armature in switch.
7.3.3
Vibration switch does not reset

Corrective actions Replace and verify by manually moving the armature to the latched (tripped) position and listen for an audible click. Verify contact by performing a continuity check. Check that the switch plunger is just free of the armature when in the set (un-tripped) position. Page
Cause Defective switch.
Incorrect position.
175
7 Trouble-tracing
176
8 Technical Reference
Contents
8.1 Technical data 8.2 Connection list 8.3 Interface description
8.3.1 8.3.2 8.3.3 8.3.4 General Definitions Component description and signal processing Function graph and running limitations 185 186 178
180
182 182 182 183
8.4 Water quality 8.5 Lubricants

8.5.1 8.5.2 8.5.3 8.5.4 Lubrication chart, general Recommended lubricating oils Recommended oil brands Recommended lubricants
187 187 189 190 193 196 196 197 198 199 202 204 204 205 205 207 210
8.6 Drawings
8.6.1 8.6.2 8.6.3 8.6.4 8.6.5 8.6.6 8.6.7 Basic size drawing Dimensions of connections Foundations Electric motor Machine plates and safety labels Vibration sensor (option) Cover interlocking switch (option)
8.7 Storage and installation

8.7.1 8.7.2 8.7.3 Storage and transport of goods Planning of installation Foundations
177
8.1 Technical data
8.1
Technical data
Alfa Laval ref. 555051
NOTE
The separator is a component operating in an integrated system including a monitoring system. If the technical data in the system description does not agree with the technical data in this instruction manual, the data in the system description is the valid one. Product number Separator type Application 881244-03-02 FOPX 610TFD-24 Continuous clarification of heavy fuel oil. The flash point of the fuel oil to be separated must be min. 60 C. Density of operating water, max. Density of sediment/feed, max. Hydraulic capacity, max. Process capacity (heavy fuel oil), max. 1 000 1 350/1 100 19 400 kg/m 3 kg/m 3 lit/h Oil flow lit/h 9 900 9 900 7 500 7 200 7 000 5 000 4 300 3 500 3 100
Viscosity in cSt/50 C 30 40 60 100 180 380 460 600 700
Note 1: Distillate and marine diesel oil (MDO) A purifier is recommended for cleaning distillate or MDO. However an FOPX separator in the ALCAP separation system for heavy fuel oil can be used for cleaning distillate or MDO. The maximum capacity to be used in such a case is equal to the recommended capacity for cleaning of heavy fuel oil of 30 cSt at 50 C. Note 2: Density Maximum density of oil is 1010 kg/m 3 at 15 C . Density preferably measured at 50 C and according to ASTM method D 1298-80, corrected to 15 C according to ASTM tables 1250-80. Note 3: Lubricating oil The ALCAP separation system with FOPX separators must not be used for cleaning of lubricating oil.
Feed temperature, min./max. Ambient temperature, min./max.
0/100 5-15/55
C C The min. temperature is dependent of the used oil type. See 8.5.2 Recommended lubricating oils on page 189.
178
8.1 Technical data
Bowl speed, max. Motor shaft speed, max. Gear ratio, 50 Hz Gear ratio, 60 Hz No. of teeth; - on worm, 50 Hz - on worm, 60 Hz - on worm wheel, 50 Hz - on worm wheel, 60 Hz Friction blocks for coupling, thickness - 50 Hz - 60 Hz Valve plugs, height Lubricating volume Motor power rating Power consumption, max. Power consumption, normal Discharge volume, nominal Discharge interval, min./max. Bowl volume Sediment space Starting time Stopping time with brake, min./max. Max. running time without flow; - empty bowl - filled bowl Sound power level Sound pressure level Vibration level, separator in use, max. Weight of separator (without frame hood and bowl) Weight of bowl Weight of motor
5175/5148 1500/1800 3,45:1 2,86:1 20 21 69 60 20 5,5 13,8 approx. 12 12/14 16 4,5/9,6 3,4 1/240 13 6 3-4 4/7 180 180 84 11,2 850 244 72
r/min, 50/60 Hz r/min, 50/60 Hz
mm mm mm litres kW, 50/60 Hz kW (at starting up) kW (idling/at max. capacity) litres fixed discharge volume minutes litres litres minutes minutes minutes minutes Bel(A) ISO 3744, 4,5 m3/h dB(A) ISO 3744, 4,5 m 3/h mm/sec (RMS) kg kg kg
The materials in contact with process fluid (excluding seals and O-rings) are brass, bronze and stainless steel. Cast iron frame. Intended for both land and marine applications.
179
8.2 Connection list
8.2
Connection list
Description Inlet for product - Allowed temperature Min. 0 C, max. 100 C Fresh water. Requirements/limits
Connection No. 201
206 220
Inlet to liquid seal or displacement liquid, water. Outlet for light phase (oil). - Counter pressure.
0-600 kPa.
221 222
Outlet for heavy phase (water). Outlet for solid phase. - Discharge interval. Min. 1 minute, max. 12 hours.
- The outlet after the separator should be installed in such a way that you can not fill the frame top part with sludge. (Guidance of sludge pump or open outlet). 372 Inlet of discharge liquid. See demand in chapter 8.4 Water quality on page 186. 18 l/minutes. 3 sec/discharge. See demand in chapter 8.4 Water quality on page 186. Min. 20 kPa, max. 30 kPa.
- Momentary flow. - Time 376 Inlet for make-up liquid.
- Pressure 377 Outlet for operating liquid (discharge and make-up liquid) Drain of frame top part, upper. Drain of frame top part, lower See connection No. 377 (common outlet).
(463) 462 463
180
8.2 Connection list
Connection No. 701
Description Motor for separator. - Max. deviation from nominal frequency.
Requirements/limits
5% (momentarily 10% during a period of maximum 5 seconds). See 8.3 Interface description. See 8.3 Interface description.
753
Vibration sensor (delivered as option). Mechanical switch. Cover interlocking switch (delivered as option).
760
Type:
Double, two-way microswitch. Max. 500 V Max. 3 A
Switch rating: Voltage Current
181
8.3 Interface description
8.3
Interface description
8.3.1
General
In addition to the Connection List this document describes limitations and conditions for safe control, monitoring and reliable operation. At the end of the document a function graph and running limitations are found.
8.3.2

Definitions
Ready for start means: The machine is assembled correctly. All connections are installed according to Connection List, Interconnection Diagram and Interface Description.
Start means: The power to the separator is on. The acceleration is supervised to ensure that a certain speed has been reached within a certain time. See technical data.
The start procedure continues until full speed has been reached and a stabilization period has passed (about 1 minute). Normal stop means: Stopping of the machine at any time with feed or safety/backup liquid with brake applied.
182
Safety stop means: The machine must be stopped in the quickest and safest way due to vibrations or process reasons. Comply to following conditions: The bowl must be kept filled. Sludge ejection must not be made. The machine must not be restarted before the reason for the safety stop has been investigated and action has been taken. In case of emergency condition in the plant, the machine must be stopped in a way that is described in EN 418.
8.3.3
Component description and signal processing
Separator motor 701

The separator is equipped with a 3-phase DOLstarted (direct on line) motor. The separator can also be started by a Y/D starter, but then the time in Y-position must be maximized to 5 seconds.
Discharge
Signal processing The control system shall contain a memory function for registration of the number of initiated discharges. At indication of the absence of a discharge, the operator or the control system must initiate a new discharge. At indication of the absence of two consecutive sludge discharges, an alarm must be given and action must be taken.
Vibration sensor 753 (option)

The vibration sensor is an acceleration sensitive instrument with a mechanical switch.
183
Signal Processing The vibration sensor gives an open contact when the vibration exceeds the preset value. If too high vibration occurs the separator must be stopped with automatic Safety Stop.
Cover interlocking switch 760 (option)

The cover of the separator can be equipped with an interlocking switch as option. When the cover is closed the interlocking circuit in the starter control is closed and the separator could be started.
Signal Processing The circuit is closed when the frame hood of the separator is closed. The interlocking switch should be connected so that starting of the motor is prevented when the separator hood is not closed.
184
8.3.4
Function graph and running limitations
A B C D E
Stand still Starting mode Running mode Stop mode Safety stop mode
G0543211
185
8.4 Water quality
8.4
General
Water quality
Specific requirements regarding the purity of water are necessary. - Deposits must not be allowed to form inside the separator. - Erosion and corrosion of the PX mechanism must also be prevented. The four requirements below are of fundamental importance. For test methods, contact an Alfa Laval representative. If these demands cannot be met, the water should be pre-treated in accordance with Alfa Lavals recommendations. Alfa Laval accepts no liability for consequences arising from unsatisfactory purified operating water supplied by the customer.
Suspended particles
Content of suspend substances: Less than 0,001 percentage of volume. Turbidity-free water, solids content < 0,001 percentage of volume. Due to the centrifugal force, any suspended particles present in the water will separate out in the operating mechanism, causing the valves to clog and the system to breakdown. A mere 0,001 percentage of volume solids content in the operating water produces 10 ml of precipitate in two days when using as little as 20 lit/h of operating water. Max. particle size: 50 m.
Total hardness
Less than 10 dH (180 mg CaCO3/lit). If the water is hard (i.e. 10 dH or 12,5 E), in time chalk deposits build up around the operating mechanism including the valves. The build-up of deposits accelerates with increased operating temperature and low discharge frequency. The harder the water is, the more severe these effects become.
Chloride content
Less than 100 ppm NaCl (60 mg Cl/lit). Chloride ions contribute to corrosion on the separator surfaces in contact with the operating water, including the spindle. Corrosion is a destructive process that is accelerated by increased separating temperature, low discharge frequency, low pH and high chloride ion concentration. A chloride concentration above 60 mg/lit is definitely not recommended.
pH value
pH > 6 Increasing acidity (lower pH) increases corrosion; this is accelerated by increased temperatures, low discharge frequency and high chloride ion content.
186
8.5 Lubricants
8.5
8.5.1
Lubricants
Lubrication chart, general
Alfa Laval ref. 553210-01
Lubricating points Bowl spindle ball bearings and buffers are lubricated by oil mist. Bowl spindle taper.
Lubricants Lubricating oil as specified in 8.5.2 Recommended lubricating oils on page 189. Lubricating oil (only a few drops for rust protection). Lubricating oil. Pastes as specified in 8.5.4 Recommended lubricants on page 193. If not specified otherwise, follow the suppliers recommendation about method of application. Grease as specified in 8.5.4 Recommended lubricants on page 193. The bearings are packed with grease and sealed and need no extra lubrication. Follow manufacturers instructions.
Buffers of bowl spindle. Bowl: Sliding contact surfaces and pressure loaded surfaces such as lock rings, threads of lock rings, bowl hood, and cap nut. Rubber seal rings.
Friction coupling ball bearings.
Electric motor ( if nipples are fitted).
Alfa Laval Lubricating Oil Groups: Group A oil: a high quality gear oil on paraffin base with stable AW (anti wear) additives. Group B oil: a high quality gear oil on paraffin base with stable EP (extreme pressure) additives. Group D oil: a synthetic base oil with additives stable at high operating temperatures.
Do not mix different oil brands or oils from different oil groups. Always use clean vessels when handling lubricating oil.
187
8.5 Lubricants
Great attention must be paid not to contaminate the lubricating oil. Of particular importance is to avoid mixing of different types of oil. Even a few drops of motor oil mixed into a synthetic oil may result in severe foaming. Any presence of black deposits in a mineral type oil is an indication that the oil base has deteriorated seriously or that some of the oil additives have precipitated. Always investigate why black deposits occur. If it is necessary to change from one group of oil brand to another it is recommended to do this in connection with an overhaul of the separator. Clean the gear housing and the spindle parts thoroughly and remove all deposits before filling the new oil.
NOTE
Always clean and dry parts (also tools) before lubricants are applied.
NOTE
Check the oil level before start. Top up when necessary. Oil volume see 4.1.1 Ready for start on page 32.
It is of utmost importance to use the lubricants recommended in our documentation. This does not exclude, however, the use of other brands, provided they have equivalently high quality properties as the brands recommended. The use of oil brands and other lubricants than recommended, is done on the exclusive responsibility of the user or oil supplier.
Applying, handling and storing of lubricants Always be sure to follow lubricants manufacturers instructions.
188
8.5 Lubricants
8.5.2
Recommended lubricating oils
Two different groups of lubricating oils are approved for this separator. They are designated as Alfa Laval lubricating oil groups A and D. The numerical value after the letter states the viscosity grade. The corresponding commercial oil brands are found in chapter 8.5.3 Recommended oil brands on page 190. Ambient temperature C Alfa Laval lubricating oil group A/320 D/220 D/320 Time in operation Oil change interval 1 000 - 1 500 h 2 000 h 2 000 h
between +15 and +60 between -10 and +60 between 0 and +60
Note: In a new installation or after change of gear transmission, change oil after 200 operating hours. When the separator is operated for short periods, lubricating oil must be changed every 12 months even if the total number of operating hours is less than stated in the recommendations above. Check and prelubricate spindle bearings on separators which have been out of service for 6 months or longer. In seasonal operation: change oil before every operating period.
189
8.5 Lubricants
8.5.3
Recommended oil brands
Alfa Laval lubricating oil group A/320

Viscosity grade VG (ISO 3448/3104) Viscosity index VI (ISO 2909) Manufacturer Alfa Laval
320 > 95
Designation 546099-80 546099-81 546099-82 546099-83 Bartran 320 Alpha ZN 320 Nuto 320 Teresso 320 Terrestic 320 Polytelis 320 20 4 208 1 litres litres litres litres
BP Castrol Esso Standard Oil/ Svenska Statoil/Exxon
Lubmarine/Beijer (ELF Brand designation according to ELF) Mobil
DTE Oil AA Gencirc TQ 320 Harmony AW 320 Tellus C 320 Vitrea 320 Tellus 320 Regal R&O 320 Paper Machine HD 320
Q8/Kuwait (Gulf) Shell
Texaco/Caltex
190
8.5 Lubricants
Alfa Laval lubricating oil group D/220

Viscosity grade VG (ISO 3448/3104) Viscosity index VI (ISO 2909) Manufacturer Alfa Laval
220 > 130
Designation 542690-80 542690-81 542690-82 542690-83 Enersyn HTX 220 Alpha Syn T 220 Ultragear 220 Terrestic SHP 220, Teresso SHP 220 Epona SA 220 SHC 630 Schumann 220 Paolina 220 20 4 208 1 litres litres litres litres
BP Castrol Chevron Esso/Exxon/Statoil Lubmarine/ELF Mobile (Engen) Q8/Kuwait /Gulf Shell
191
8.5 Lubricants
Alfa Laval lubricating oil group D/320

Viscosity grade VG (ISO 3448/3104) Viscosity index VI (ISO 2909) Manufacturer Alfa Laval Separation AB Castrol Lubmarine/Beijer (ELF Brand designation according to ELF) Optimol lwerke Q8/Kuwait Chevron
320 > 130
Designation 542690 - blue Alpha Syn T 320 Epona SA 320
Optigear HT 320 Schumann 320 Ultragear 320
Esso/EXXON/Standard Oil/ Terrestic Svenska Statoil SHP 320 Mobil Shell SHC 632 (Delima HT 320)* (Paolina 320)
( *
) = available in a few countries These oils must be used when the frame temperature is about 80 C. If you cant measure the temperature: about 80 C is reached when you can touch the lower frame surface for a short time only.
192
8.5 Lubricants
8.5.4
Recommended lubricants
Pastes and bonded coatings for non-food applications

Manufacturer Gleitmolybdn
Designation Gleitmo 805 K or 805 K varnish 901 Gleitmo Paste G rapid Molykote paste spray varnish 1000 D321 R D321 R
Alfa Laval No.
Application
537086-04 537086-02 535586-01 535586-02 All pressure loaded surfaces
Dow Corning
Rocol Klueber
Antiscuffing paste (ASP) Wolfracoat C paste
Russian Standard
VNII NP 232 Gost 14068-90
Silicone grease Manufacturer Dow Corning Designation Molykote 111 compound 100 gr 25 gr Silicone paste 750 Alfa Laval No.
539474-02 539474-03
Gleitmolybdn
Wacker
Silicone Paste P (vacuum paste)
193
8.5 Lubricants
Greases for ball and roller bearings

Manufacturer BP
Designation Energrease MMEP2 Energrease LS2 Spheerol SW2 EP Spheerol EPL2 Duralith grease EP2 Beacon EP2 Mobilith SHC 460 Mobilux EP2 Gulflex MP2 Rembrandt EP2 Cailithia EP Grease T2 Alvania EP Grease 2 or R.A LGEP2 or LGMT2 Multifak AF B2 Multifak premium 2,3 Fiol 2M, Litol 24 TU 38.201.188 - latest edition
Alfa Laval No.
Castrol
Chevron Exxon Mobil
Gulf Q8 Shell
SKF Texaco
Russian Standard
194
8.5 Lubricants
195
8.6 Drawings
8.6
8.6.1
Drawings
Basic size drawing
A.
Maximum vertical displacement at the sludge connection during operation 10 mm.
B.
Maximum horizontal displacement at the in/outlet connections during operation 15 mm.
196
R0104111
8.6 Drawings
8.6.2
Dimensions of connections
Data for connections, see chapter 8.2 Connection list on page 180.
All connections to be installed non-loaded and flexible.
197
R0107711
8.6 Drawings
8.6.3
Foundations
A B C D E F G
Min. lifting capacity 1000 kg Max. height of largest component incl. lifting tool Center of separator bowl 4 holes 17 for anchorage Service side Tightening torque 20 Nm Locked with lock nut M16 Minimum property class 8.8
Recommended free floor space for unloading when doing service Min. access area for overhead hoist (no fixed piping within this area) Center of gravity (without motor) Vertical force not exceeding 20 kN/foot Horizontal force not exceeding 20 kN/foot
198
G0585811
8.6 Drawings
8.6.4
Electric motor
Manufacturer Manuf. drawing Standards Size Type Weight
WEG, Brazil 003.10/03 1990 IEC 34-1, IEC 72 IEC 132 M WEG132 M 68 kg
Poles Insulation class Bearings Method of cooling Spec.
4 3 DE 6308-Z NDE 6207-Z IC 41 (IEC 34-6) Totally enclosed fan cooled induction motor
Article No. 552943-01
Output kW 11
Speed Freq Voltage RPM Hz V 1750 60 380 D
Current Pow.fa | st / | 1) Therm 2) Note C A c cos 23 0,86 8,2
1) l /l=starting current /rated current at direct on line starting. st 2)
Thermistors tripping temp.
Type of mounting IM 1001 IM 3001 IM 3011 IM 3031
Degree of protection
IP 54
Note! This motor is for local use in Brazil only
199
G0541021
8.6 Drawings
Manufacturer Manuf. drawing Standards Size Type Weight Poles Insulation class Bearings
ABB Motors MK20-92S IEC 34-1, IEC 72 160M MBT 160M 72 kg 4 F DE 6209-Z/C3 NDE 6209-Z/C3
Method of cooling IC 41 (IEC 34-6) Spec. Totally enclosed three-phase motor for marine service 3)
Type of mounting
Degree of protection
IM 1001 IM 3001 IM 3011 IM 3031 IP 55 IP 55 IP 55
200
G0587811
8.6 Drawings
Article No Output Speed Freq Voltage Current Pow.fac |st / | 1) Therm 2) kW RPM Hz V A cos C
552813-01 552813-02 552813-03 552813-04 552813-05 552813-06 552813-07 552813-08 552813-09 552813-10
1)
Note
12 12 12 12 12 12 14 14 14 12 14
1445 1445 1445 1445 1445 1445 1745 1745 1745 1445 1745
50 50 50 50 50 50 60 60 60 50 60
200 D 220 D 380 D 415 D 440 D 500 D 220 D 440 D 230 D 460 D 575 D 380 D 440 D
48 43 25 23 22 19 50 25 48 24 19 25 25
0,85 0,85 0,85 0,85 0,85 0,85 0,85 0,85 0,85 0,85
6,2 6,2 6,2 6,2 6,2 6,2 6,2 6,2 6,2 6,2 D-ser D-par D-ser D-par CSAplated
lst /l=starting current /rated current at direct on line starting. Thermistors tripping temperature if applicable The motors can be designed to fulfill requirements of following Classification Societies: Lloyds Register of shipping (LRS) Det Norske Veritas (DnV) Germanischer Lloyd (GL) Bureau Veritas (BV) American Bureau of shipping (ABS) Registro Italiano Navale (RINA) USSR Register of Shipping (RSU) Japanese Classification Society (NKK) (Essential Service) (Essential Service) (Essential Service) (Essential Service) (Essential Service) (Essential Service) (Essential Service) (Essential Service)
2) 3)
Required classification society must always be specified when ordering. Factory test certificate to be enclosed at the delivery. Rated output (kW) valid for temp-rise max. 90 C.
201
8.6 Drawings
8.6.5
Machine plates and safety labels
1. Machine plate Separator Manufacturing serial No / Year Product No Machine top part Inlet and outlet Bowl Machine bottom part Max. speed (bowl) Direction of rotation (bowl) Speed motor shaft El. current frequency Recommended motor power Max. density of feed Max. density of sediment Max. density of operating liquid Process temperature min./max. FOPX 610TFD-24 XXXX 881244-03-02 557057-01 547331-81 554048-02 540225-09/10 (50/60 Hz) 5175 r/min (50 Hz), 5148 r/min (60 Hz) 1500 r/min (50 Hz), 1800 r/min (60 Hz) 50/60 Hz 12 kW (50 Hz), 14 kW (60 Hz) 1100 kg/m3 1350 kg/m3 1000 kg/m3 0/100 C
G0544311
202
S0061411
8.6 Drawings
3. Safety label Text on label: DANGER Read the instruction manuals before installation, operation and maintenance. Consider inspection intervals. Failure to strictly follow instructions can lead to fatal injury. If excessive vibration occurs, stop separator and keep bowl filled with liquid during rundown. Out of balance vibration will become worse if bowl is not full. Separator must stop rotating before any dismantling work is started.
S0061521
4. Name plate
S0063211
6. Arrow Indicating direction of rotation of horizontal driving device.
8. Power supply frequency
50Hz
S0063111
60Hz
203
8.6 Drawings
8.6.6
Type:
Vibration sensor (option)

Mechanical velocity
Switch rating, voltage: Max. 460 V AC Reset coil:

G0547321
24 V DC, 48 V DC, 117 V AC 60 Hz

Interconnection diagram 1-2 Reset coil 3 No 4 Common 5 NC 6-8 Heater R Reset button
For other technical information see chapter 8.2 Connection list on page 180 and 8.3 Interface description on page 182.
8.6.7
Cover interlocking switch (option)
Switch rating, voltage: Max. 500 V current: Max. 3 A For other technical information see chapter 8.2 Connection list on page 180 and 8.3 Interface description on page 182.
G0547221
204
8.7
Storage and installation

Storage and transport of goods
8.7.1
Storage
Specification
Upon arrival to the store, check all components and keep them: 1. Well stored and protected from mechanical damage and theft. 2. Dry and protected from rain and humidity. 3. Organized in the store in such a way that the goods will be easily accessible when installation is about to take place.
205
A separator can be delivered with different types of protection: Fixed on a pallet. The separator must be stored in a storage room well protected from mechanical damage and theft and also dry and protected from rain and humidity.
Fixed on a pallet
In a wooden box which is not water tight. The separator must be stored dry and protected from rain and humidity.
In a wooden box which is not water tight
In a special water-resistant box for outdoor storage. The separator and its parts have been treated with an anti-corrosion agent. Once the box has been opened, store dry and protected from rain and humidity. The packaging for outdoor storage is only to special order.
G0402041
In a special water-resistant box for outdoor storage
206
G0402031
G0402021
Transport
Specification
During transport of the separator, the frame hood and bowl must always be removed from the machine. When lifting a separator it must always be hung securely. See chapter 5.5 Lifting instructions on page 82.
WARNING
Crush hazards Use correct lifting tools and follow lifting instructions. During erection, all inlets and outlets to separators and accessories must be covered to be protected from dirt and dust.
8.7.2
Planning of installation
Introduction The space required for one or more separators can be calculated by consulting the drawings in the chapters 8.6.1 Basic size drawing on page 196, 8.6.3 Foundations on page 198 and instructions for ancillary equipment, electrical and electronic equipment and cables.
G0020611
Check the drawings when planning the installation
207
Important measurements Important measurements are the minimum lifting height for lifting tackle, shortest distance between driving motor and wall, free passage for dismantling and assembly, maintenance and operation. Plan your installation with sufficient room for the controls and operation so that instruments are easily visible. Valves and controls must be within convenient reach. Pay attention to space requirements for maintenance work, work benches, dismantled machine parts or for a service trolley.
G0020721
Suitable space must be obtained for the maintenance work
Space for separator The separator shall be placed in such a way that suitable space for maintenance and repair is obtained.
Specification
See chapter 8.6.3 Foundations on page 198 for the service space required with the separator installed.
Recommendation
The spanner for the large lock ring should have sufficient space to make a complete turn without touching any of the ancillary equipment surrounding the separator.
Lifting height for transport of bowl
Specification
A minimum height is required to lift the bowl, bowl parts and the bowl spindle, see chapter 8.6.3 Foundations on page 198.
Recommendation
When two or more separators are installed, the lifting height may have to be increased to enable parts from one separator to be lifted and moved over an adjoining assembled separator.
208
Space for oil changing
Specification
The plug for gearbox oil draining must not be blocked by floor plate arrangement, etc.
Recommendation
It should be possible to place a portable collecting tray under the gearbox drain plug for changing oil.
Place the separator in such a way that makes the oil change easy
209
G0035921
8.7.3 NOTE
Foundations
When lifting a separator it must always be hung securely. See chapter 5.5 Lifting instructions on page 82..
Specification
The separator should be installed at floor level, see chapter 8.6.3 Foundations on page 198. When a separator is installed on a ship, the separator should be installed in such a way that the centre line of the electric motor is parallel with the centre line of the ship. The electric motor should preferably be pointing aft. The separator must be installed on a strong and rigid foundation to reduce the influence of vibrations from adjacent machinery. The foundation should be provided with a cofferdam. Fit the separator frame on the foundation as follows: Place the separator frame without cushions in position. Check that the bolts do not press against the edges of the holes, otherwise the elasticity of the mounting of the separator frame will be impeded.
G0258911
F = Forward A = Aft
Fit height adjusting washers required. Check that the separator frame is horizontal and that all feet rest on the foundation.l Lift the separator frame, fit the vibration dampers (1, 2), lower and check that the bolts do not press against the edges of the holes. Tighten nut (3) with 20 Nm. Hold firmly and secure with the lock nut (4). Repeat for the other frame feet.
1. Vibration damper, upper 2. Vibration damper, lower 3. Nut 4. Lock nut
210
G0547811
Readers Comment Form

Dear reader, It is our ambition to produce as useful and instructive manuals as possible. Should you have any comments (positive or negative) regarding this manual, please note them down and send them to us. You can do this by copying this page and sending it by fax, or you could mail it, or hand it over to your local Alfa Laval representative. Alfa Laval Separation AB, Separator Manuals, dept. SKEL, S-147 80 Tumba, Sweden. Fax: +46 8 53031040. Your name: Address: Country: Company: City:
Product: Date:
FOPX 610TFD-24
Book No. :
1270232-02 V1
Yes Is it easy to find what you are looking for by using the table of contents? Are the chapter and section headings clear and adequate? Is the information presented in the correct order for your purposes? Does the information in the manual cover your needs? Is it easy to understand the instructions in the manual? Is the terminology sufficiently explained? Are the illustrations easy to understand? Your comments:
No
211
212
Order Form
If you wish to order extra copies of this manual, please copy this page and give it to your local Alfa Laval representative, who will advise you of current prices. Your local Alfa Laval representative will also be able to help you with information regarding any other manuals.
Your name: Address: Country:
Company: City:
Product: Quantity:
FOPX 610TFD-24
Book No. : Date:
1270232-02 V1
Comments:
213
214
Index
A
Assembly Bowl body and operating mechanism Bowl hood and disc stack General directions Horizontal driving device Inlet/outlet, frame hood Operating water device Tools (special) Vertical driving device 126 114 100 161 105 135 101 147
B
Bearings Maintenance directions Replacement on bowl spindle Replacement on horizontal driving device Bowl Assembly 114, Dismantling 108, Bowl discs Cleaning Disc stack pressure Bowl spindle Assembly Dismantling Brake Design and function Renewing of brake lining 94 140 154 51 126 121 86 56 147 142 19 69
C
Centrifugal separation Check points Ball and roller bearings Before shutdowns Bowl hood seal ring Bowl spindle - height position Bowl spindle - radial wobble Bowl spindle cone and bowl body nave Brake lining Buffer springs and ball bearing housing Cleaning agents Cleaning of bowl discs Corrosion Coupling friction pads Cover interlocking switch Cracks Disc stack pressure Dosing ring 16 94 97 51 68 69 68 69 70 84 86 52 72 67 55 73 58
Erosion External cleaning Flexible plate in coupling Guide surfaces Inlet pipe and oil paring disc Level ring Lifting instructions Lock ring - priming Lock ring - wear and damage Oil change procedure Oil paring disc - height position Operating mechanism Operating paring disc - height position Operating slide Repair of galling Sliding bowl bottom Springs for operating mechanism Vibration analysis Vibration switch - adjustment of set point Vibration switch - function check Worm - wear of groove Worm wheel and worm - wear of teeth Worm wheel shaft - radial wobble Clarifier Definition Description Cleaning CIP-system Cleaning agents Cleaning of bowl discs External cleaning Connection list Connections Description Dimensions Corrosion Coupling Function Renewing of friction elements Cover interlocking switch (option) Design and function Drawing Cracks
58 83 74 60, 75 62 62 82 76 78 91 78 64 79 65 61 65 66 92 93 67 80 88 81 30 27 87 84 86 83 180 182 197 52 20 72 21 204 55
D
Daily checks Density of feed Disc Disc stack pressure 43 178 56 56
215
Dismantling Bowl body and operating mechanism Bowl hood and disc stack General directions Horizontal driving device Inlet/outlet, frame hood Operating water device Tools Vertical driving device Drawings Basic size drawing Cover interlocking switch (option) Dimensions of connections Electric motor Foundations Machine plates and safety labels Vibration sensor (option)
Dismantling 121 108 100 156 103 132 101 147 196 204 197 199 198 202 204
156
I
Installation Interface Definition Description Interface description Intermediate service 207 30 28 182 39, 45
L
Lifting instructions Lock ring Priming Wear and damage Lubricants Lubrication chart, general, oil groups Oil change interval Oil change procedure Oil level Recommended greases Recommended lubricating oils Recommended oil brands Recommended pastes and bonded coatings Volume of lubricating oil 82 76 63 187 189 91 91 194 189 190 193 179
E
Electric motor Drawings See Motor Emergency stop. See Safety stop Erosion Exploded views Bowl body and operating mechanism Bowl hood and disc stack Horizontal driving device Inlet/outlet, frame hood Operating water device Vertical driving device 199 199 58 120 107 154 102 131 140
M
Machine plates and safety labels Main parts Maintenance intervals Maintenance logs 3-year Service (3S) Daily checks Intermediate Service (IS) Major Service (MS) Oil change Maintenance, general information Ball and roller bearings Before shutdowns Cleaning Lifting instructions Maintenance intervals Maintenance procedure Oil change procedure Service kits Vibration analysis Major service Materials Metal surfaces Cleaning and cleaning agents Corrosion Cracks Erosion Motor Cleaning 202 19 40 50 43 45 47 44 94 97 83 82 39 41 91 42 92 39, 47 178 83, 84 52 55 58 83
F
Foundations Drawing Installation Frame feet Installation Replacement Friction coupling Function 198 210 210 50 20
G
Gear Number of teeth Wear of teeth Guide surfaces Intermediate Service Major Service Repair of galling 178 88 60 75 61
H
Horizontal driving device Assembly 161
216
Coupling Drawing Power consumption
74 199 178
N
Noise 178
Service instructions. See Check points Service kits Shutdown Start Stopping procedure Storage
42 97 33 35 205
O
Oil. See Lubrication Operation 32
T
Technical data Throughput Capacity Definition Transport Trouble tracing - mechanical functions Noise Retardation time too long Separator vibrates Smell Speed too low Starting power too high Starting power too low Starting time too long Water in worm gear housing Trouble tracing - separating functions Bowl fails to open Bowl opens accidentally Unsatisfactory separation result Trouble tracing - vibration switch Impossible to adjust setpoint to obtain tripping Vibration switch does not reset 178 178 30 205 169 170 168 169 169 170 170 170 171 173 173 174 175 175
P
Power consumption Power transmission Process capacity Purification Definition 178 20 178 30
R
Ready for start Revolution counter Design and function Number of revolutions 32 21 179
S
Safety Instructions Separation Basic principles Process main parts Separating function trouble tracing Separation temperatures Separator Basic size drawing Brake Connection list Foundations Installation planning Interface description Lifting instructions Main parts Mechanical power transmission Normal stop Overview Ready for start Running Safety stop Sensors and indicators Separating function Sludge discharge cycle Start Storage and transportation Technical data 9 16 24 172 17 196 20 180 198 207 182 82 24 20 35 19 32 34 36 21 27 28 33 205 178
V
Vertical driving device Dismantling Vibration During start Safety stop Trouble tracing Vibration analysis Vibration switch (option) Adjustment of setpoint Description and signal processing Drawing Function check Trouble tracing 142 33 36 168 92 93 183 204 67 175
W
Warning signs Water Water quality specifications Weight Worm gear Function and description Number of teeth Wear of teeth 13 186 178 20 178 88
217
218

Depuradora Alfa Laval FOPX 610

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What are the main parts of a separator discussed in the manual?

What are the main parts of a separator discussed in the manual?

What maintenance procedures are described in the manual?

What maintenance procedures are described in the manual?

0

Not following the instructions can result in serious accidents.

1 Read this first

Separator Manual and Spare Parts Catalogue

This Separator Manual consists of:

1 Read this first

Follow local regulations for electrical installation and earthing (grounding).

Warning signs in the text

3.1 Basic principles of separation

Basic principles of separation

The centrifugal solution

3.1 Basic principles of separation

Viscosity Low viscosity facilitates separation. Viscosity can be reduced by heating.

High viscosity (with low temperature)

Low viscosity (with high temperature)

3.1 Basic principles of separation

High density (with low temperature)

Low density (with high temperature)

3.2 Design and function

Design and function

3.2 Design and function

Mechanical power transmission

Applying (on) and releasing (off) of brake

3.2 Design and function

Sensors and indicators

Clean the sight glass by turning it around the scraper

3.2 Design and function

Reset push button on vibration switch

3.2 Design and function

3.2 Design and function

Process main parts

*Parts effecting a sludge discharge

3.2 Design and function

3.2 Design and function

3.2 Design and function

3.2 Design and function

Sludge discharge cycle

Correct interface position (1) is outside the disc stack

3.2 Design and function

Back pressure Clarification

Counter pressure Density Gravity disc

Interface Intermediate Service (IS) Major Service (MS)

Sediment (sludge) Sludge discharge Throughput Viscosity

4.1 Operating routine

Ready for start

Check the oil level

4.1 Operating routine

4. Make sure that the brake is released.

Release the brake

Check for correct direction of rotation

Check for vibration

4.1 Operating routine

4.1 Operating routine

The final action, apply the brake

4.1 Operating routine

Safety stop DANGER