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    OB Chapter

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    Anjali Shah
    Organizational behavior is the study of how individuals and groups act within organizations and how organizations themselves act. It examines how productivity, turnover, absenteeism, job satisfaction, and other outcomes are influenced by individual, group, and organizational factors. Managing diversity, improving quality and productivity, developing interpersonal skills, and adapting to globalization present both challenges and opportunities for organizational behavior.

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    OB Chapter

    Uploaded by

    Anjali Shah
    48 views26 pages
    Organizational behavior is the study of how individuals and groups act within organizations and how organizations themselves act. It examines how productivity, turnover, absenteeism, job satisfaction, and other outcomes are influenced by individual, group, and organizational factors. Managing diversity, improving quality and productivity, developing interpersonal skills, and adapting to globalization present both challenges and opportunities for organizational behavior.

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    Organizational behavior is the study of how individuals and groups act within organizations and how organizations themselves act. It examines how productivity, turnover, absenteeism, job satisfaction, and other outcomes are influenced by individual, group, and organizational factors. Managing diversity, improving quality and productivity, developing interpersonal skills, and adapting to globalization present both challenges and opportunities for organizational behavior.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    48 views26 pages

    OB Chapter

    Uploaded by

    Anjali Shah
    Organizational behavior is the study of how individuals and groups act within organizations and how organizations themselves act. It examines how productivity, turnover, absenteeism, job satisfaction, and other outcomes are influenced by individual, group, and organizational factors. Managing diversity, improving quality and productivity, developing interpersonal skills, and adapting to globalization present both challenges and opportunities for organizational behavior.

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    of 26

    What is Organizational behavior

    By: Ms. Savitha K CKSVIM, Vadodara

    The Importance of Interpersonal skills


    Developing managers interpersonal skills is closely tied to the need for organizations to get and keep high performing employees. Regardless of labor market conditions , outstanding employees are always in short supply Managers cannot be successful only with technical skills , but also have to be good with people skills

    What managers do
    Managers : persons , who get things done through other people. Organization : is a consciously coordinated social unit , composed of two or more people , that functions on a relatively continuous basis to achieve a common goal or set of goals.

    1.Management functions
    Planning Organizing Leading Controlling

    2.Management roles (Henry Mintzberg)


    Interpersonal 1. Figurehead 2. Leader 3. Liasion Informational 1. Monitor 2. Disseminator 3. Spokesperson Decisional Entrepreneur Disturbance handler Resource allocator Negotiator

    3. Management Skill
    Technical skills Human skills Conceptual skills

    4. Effective

    versus Successful Managerial Activities (Fred Luthans)

    According to Luthans , managers are engaged in four managerial activities 1. Traditional management : decision making , planning , controlling 2. Communication : exchanging routine information and processing paperwork 3. Human resource management : motivating , disciplining, managing conflict , staffing & training.

    4. Networking :socializing , politicking , and interacting with outsiders.

    WHAT IS OB It is a field of study that investigates the impact that individuals , groups and structure have on behavior within organizations , for the purpose of applying such knowledge toward improving an organization's effectiveness.

    Replacing Intuition with Systematic Study


    Intuition
    A feeling not necessarily supported by research.

    Systematic study
    Looking at relationships, attempting to attribute causes and effects, and drawing conclusions based on scientific evidence. Provides a means to predict behaviors.

    Disciplines that Contribute to the OB field


    1.Psychology:

    Learning, individual Behavior, Personality, perception, work design work stress, training, motivation
    2. Social Psychology: work teams, group dynamics, power, conflict,

    intergroup behaviour
    3. Sociology:

    change, communication, decision making organizational culture, environment conflict, intra-organisational politics, power
    10

    4. Anthropology:

    5.Political Science:

    The Study of Organizational Behavior


    Psychology Individual Sociology

    Social Psychology

    Group

    Study of Organizational Behavior

    Anthropology

    Organization
    Political Science Prentice Hall, 2001 11

    Challenges and Opportunities for OB


    1.Responding to Globalization
    (a) Increased foreign assignments (b) Working with people from different cultures (c ) Coping with anti-capitalism backlash (d) Overseeing movement of jobs to countries with low-cost labor (e) Managing people during the war on terror

    2 . Managing Workforce Diversity


    1. Embracing diversity 2. Changing demographics 3. Implications for managers

    12

    Challenges and Opportunities for OB (contd)


    1. Improving Quality and Productivity 2. Improving customer service 3. Improving peoples skills 4. Stimulating innovation and change 5. Coping with temporariness 6. Working in networked organizations 7. Helping employees balance work-life conflicts. 8. Creating a positive work environment 9. Improving ethical behavior
    13

    Basic OB Model, Stage I


    Model
    An abstraction of reality.

    A simplified representation of some real-world phenomenon.

    14

    The Dependent Variables


    Dependent variable
    A response that is affected by an independent variable.

    x
    15

    Variables
    1. Productivity An organization is productive it it achieves its goals and does so by transferring inputs to outputs at the lowest cost. Productivity includes effectiveness and efficiency.

    Effectiveness Achievement of goals.


    Efficiency The ratio of effective output to the input required to achieve it. Why it is dependent variable : employees & customers
    16

    The Dependent Variables (contd)


    Absenteeism
    The failure to report to work.

    Turnover
    The voluntary and involuntary permanent withdrawal from an organization.

    Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB)


    Discretionary behavior that is not part of an employees formal job requirements, but that nevertheless promotes the effective functioning of the organization.
    17

    Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB)


    Company A is a manufacturing company which produces consumer goods. It maintains high levels of productivity and quality standards because the employees of the production cycle are innovative and escalate issues on notice immediately. This enables to maintain the productivity and quality standards. The fact that the employees of production cycle are innovative gets their behavior influenced in various conditions and their behavior outcome is for good.

    18

    The Dependent Variables (contd)


    Job satisfaction
    a positive feeling about one's job resulting from an evaluation of its characteristics. It presents the attitude. Deviant workplace behavior : as voluntary behavior that violates significant organizational norms and in doing so threatens the well-being of the organization or its members .

    19

    The Independent Variables


    Independent variable
    The presumed cause of any change(s) in the dependent variable.

    Independent Variables

    Individual-Level Variables

    Group-Level Variables

    Organization System-Level Variables


    20

    1. Individual level variable : people enter organizations with certain intact characteristics that will influence their behavior at work . Such as age, gender, marital status , personality , emotional framework , values and attitudes , and basic ability levels. 2. Group level variables : people's behavior is different in group as compare to when they are alone. 3. Organization System-level variable : the design of formal organization , the organization's internal culture , and the organization's human resource policies and practices all have impact on dependent variable.

    21

    Challenges & Opportunities for Organisation Behaviour


    Creation of Global Village
    Factors responsible Working with people from diverse cultures Change in Scenario Trade Barriers reduced Labour has acquired skills Mobility has increased

    Challenges & Opportunities for Organisation Behaviour


    Adapting to Different People
    Managing Workforce Diversity
    Recognize cultural & lifestyle disparities Major impact on Management Practices Training for Managing Diversity

    Challenges & Opportunities for Organisation Behaviour


    Improved Quality & Productivity
    TQM: Emphasis on continuous improvement all organsational processes for enhancement of customer satisfaction RE-ENGINEERING Seeks to improve quality & productivity by bringing about radical changes in business process. CHANGE Need to bring about change in attitudes & behaviour of employees.

    Improving People Skills

    Challenges & Opportunities for Organisation Behaviour

    People Skills the key to success Understand own behaviour Understand other peoples behaviour

    Management Control to Empowerment


    Operating level employees are being given given freedom Preparing work schedules Selecting work procedures Finding solutions to problems at work

    Empowerment is changing
    Leadership styles Relationships Design of work Structure of organisation

    Environmental Challenges
    Integration of Economies Global Competition Advancement of Information Technology

    Environmental Developments

    Quality Revolution

    Diversity

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