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About Pushover Analysis and SAP 2000 Method

This document discusses using pushover analysis in SAP2000 software to analyze the nonlinear behavior of structures under earthquake loading. It describes pushover analysis as applying incremental lateral loads to a structure while monitoring nonlinear behavior. The document provides details on modeling nonlinearity, applying lateral and gravity loads, defining a control node, and checking results by examining hinge formations and comparing response to performance goals. It then demonstrates a pushover analysis in SAP2000 on a sample frame structure.

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Hanush Anand
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975 views12 pages

About Pushover Analysis and SAP 2000 Method

This document discusses using pushover analysis in SAP2000 software to analyze the nonlinear behavior of structures under earthquake loading. It describes pushover analysis as applying incremental lateral loads to a structure while monitoring nonlinear behavior. The document provides details on modeling nonlinearity, applying lateral and gravity loads, defining a control node, and checking results by examining hinge formations and comparing response to performance goals. It then demonstrates a pushover analysis in SAP2000 on a sample frame structure.

Uploaded by

Hanush Anand
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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4/5/2012

1
Using SAP2000 Software Package in
Earthquake Engineering (Part II: Pushover)
Sameframebut
differentloading
Q
D
=4.5kips/ft
Q
D
=10.5kips/ft
Q
D
=10.5kips/ft
Loads on structures:
- Static (e.g. self-weight)
- Dynamic (e.g. earthquake)
Structures response:
Linear (constant stiffness) - Linear (constant stiffness)
- Nonlinear (variable stiffness)
Structural Analysis Approaches:
- Linear static (ELF)
(least accurate; least complex) ( p )
- Linear dynamic (response spectra)
- Nonlinear static (pushover)
- Nonlinear dynamic (time history)
(most accurate; most complex)
4/5/2012
2
Pushover analysis:
Applying a force distribution force distribution to the structure in an
incremental fashion while monitoring the
occurrence of nonlinear behavior nonlinear behavior and plotting the
base shear (V
b
) versus control node control node displacement
(u
N
).
compromise the simplicity of linear static approaches
and accuracy of nonlinear dynamic methods.
1- Nonlinearity sources:
- Geometrical (P-Delta effects)
(consider or not: codes)
- Material
(too many materials behavior models) (too many materials behavior models)
2- Nonlinearity modeling:
- Concentrated - Distributed
4/5/2012
3
Plastic hinge properties:
- running section analysis and coming up with M- curves
Plastic hinge properties:
- using codes tabulated properties
4/5/2012
4
3- Lateral load pattern:
- a single concentrated force at the top
(good for one-story buildings)
- in proportion to the standard code procedure:
in proportion to the product of story masses and
( )
/ x x x x x F wh wh V =

- in proportion to the product of story masses and
predominant mode shape of the elastic model of the
structure
( )
/ x x x x x F w w V = u u

4- Control node:
- For common buildings, the control node could be
selected as roof (top) story node
h l i i d h h h - Pushover analysis is stopped when the structure reaches:
pre-defined displacement
or
ultimate capacity
5- Gravity loads should be applied prior to the
application of lateral loads
4/5/2012
5
6- Check at performance point :
The global response of the structure and individual
component deformations are compared to limits in
li ht f th ifi f l f th t light of the specific performance goals of the system
Using SAP2000 for Pushover Analysis
We will use the same frame (elastic beams), just
modify dead loads:
4/5/2012
6
1- Run Modal Analysis
( 1 )
1 . 0
0 . 7 5 9 |


=
`

0 . 3 4 5

)
1 0 0 0


Select lateral load pattern:
7 5 9
3 4 5
x
F k i ps

=
`

)
2- Lateral Load Case
4/5/2012
7
3- Modify Dead Load Case
3- Define Push Load Case
1
2
4/5/2012
8
3- Define Push Load Case
1 2
4- Assign Plastic Hinges
Select column elements:
4/5/2012
9
4- Assign Plastic Hinges
4- Assign Plastic Hinges
Select beam elements:
4/5/2012
10
5- Run
6- Results Output
Display displacement:
4/5/2012
11
6- Results Output
Display pushover curve:
7- Checking Hinges Status
Looking for 0.5 ft roof displacement:
4/5/2012
12
7- Checking Hinges Status
At 0.5 ft roof displacement: the performance level
of the system is Collapse Prevention (CP)

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