ASME SECT.

VIII DIVDIV-I CODES, STANDARDS & SPECIFICATIONS

ASME Section VIII DivisionDivision-1, 2 & 3

Historical Development of ASME Section VIII DivDiv - 1, 2 & 3
In the early 20th century, explosion of steam boilers in U.S was frequent. Occurring rate 1/day. 1914: ASME Boiler and pressure vessel code is published. 1925: First publication of Section VIII Unfired Pressure Vessels. 1934: API+ASME jointly published unfired pressure vessel code for petroleum industry. 1952: These two codes are merged in to single code: ASME Unfired Pressure Vessel Code Section VIII 1968: ASME Section VIII DivDiv-2 is published and original code became DivDiv-1 1997: ASME Sec VIII division 3 is published.

ASME Section VIII DivisionDivision-1, 2 & 3

ASME Section VIII codes are most widely used worldwide. Section VIII is divided into three divisions: Division 1: Rules for construction of pressure vessels Division 2: Alternative Rules for construction of pressure vessels. Division 3: Alternative Rules for construction of high pressure vessels. Division 1 is used most often since it contains sufficient requirements for majority of pressure vessels. The main objective of ASME Code rules is to establish the minimum requirements that are necessary for safe construction and operation. ASME Code defines the requirements for material, design, fabrication, inspection and testing which are needed to achieve a safe design.

ASME Section VIII DivisionDivision-1

Scope:
Applicable for pressure between 15 psig and 3000 psig. Code requirements do not apply to non pressure parts, however welds which attach non pressure parts on pressure parts shall meet code rules.

World Wide Pressure Vessel Codes

Different industrial nations, institutions and organizations have developed standards and codes of the pressure vessel for Design Fabrication Inspection These codes and standards help the Design,Fabrication, Inspection engineer to size the vessel properly for its safe operation. Advantages of design codes: Proven design based on experience. Inbuilt factor of safety. Amendments of codes are being done at regular interval based on feed back data, design improvements and technological up gradation in materials and fabrication processes.

ASME Section VIII DivisionDivision-1

Scope:
Code identifies specific items for which it is not applicable. This includes:
Fired process tubular heaters (e.g. furnaces). Pressure containers which are integral part of mechanical devices (e.g. pumps, turbines). Piping system and their components.

ASME BOILER & PRESSURE VESSELS CODES

I. POWER BOILERS II. MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS III. NUCLEAR POWER PLANT COMPONENTS IV. HEATING BOILERS V. NONDESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION VI. RECOMMANDATED RULES FOR CARE & OPERATION OF HEATING BOILERS VII. RECOMMANDATED RULE FOR CARE OF POWER BOILERS VIII. PRESSURE VESSELS DIVISIONDIVISION-1 ,DIVISION,DIVISION-2 & DIVISIONDIVISION-3 IX. WELDING & BRAZING QUALIFICATIONS. X. FIBERGLASSFIBERGLASS-REINFORCED PLASTIC PRESSURE VESSELS XI. RULES FOR INSERVICE INSPECTION OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANT COMPONENTS XII. RULES FOR CONSTRUCTION AND CONTINUED SERVICE OF TRANSPORT TANKS.

ASME Section VIII DivisionDivision-1

Structure of Sec VIII DivDiv-1: It is divided into three subsections:
Subsection A: A: It consists part UG, general requirements for Method of construction . that apply to all pressure vessel parts, Subsection B: B: It covers requirements that apply to various fabrication methods. Subsection B consists of
Part UW for welded construction Part UF for forged construction Part UB for brazed construction - Subsection C C: : It covers requirements for several classes of material.

Structure of ASME Section VIII DivDiv-1

ASME SEC VIII DIV DIV- 1 Consists of: Introduction -U Subsection A -General Requirements (Part UG) Subsection B -Specific Requirements - Methods (Parts UW, UF, UB) Subsection C -Specific Requirements - Materials (Parts UCS, UNF, UHA, UCI, UCL, UCD, UHT, ULW, ULT, UHX) Mandatory Appendices -Appendix 1 to 40 Non Mandatory Appendices -Appendix A, C, LL, MM (25 nos.)

Subsection A -General Requirements

Part UG : General Requirements for all Methods of Construction and all Materials
Materials UG-4 to UGUGUG-15 Design UG-16 to UGUGUG-35 Openings and Reinforcement UGUG -36 to UG UG-46 Braced and stayed surfaces UGUG -47 to UG UG-50 Ligaments UG-53 to UGUGUG-55 Fabrication UG-75 to UGUGUG-85 Inspection and Tests UG-90 to UGUGUG-103 Markings and Reports UGUG-115 to UGUG-120 Pressure Relief Devices UGUG-125 to UG UG-137

Subsection B -Requirements pertaining to methods of Fabrication of Pressure Vessels

Part UW : Requirements for Pressure vessels fabricated by Welding
General UW-1 to UWUWUW-3 Materials UW-5 UWDesign UW-8 to UWUWUW-21 Fabrication UW-26 to UWUWUW-42 Inspection and Tests UW-46 to UWUWUW-53 Markings and Reports UWUW-60 Pressure Relief Devices UWUW-65

Part UF : Requirements for Pressure vessel fabricated by Forging Part UB : Requirements for Pressure vessel fabricated by Brazing

Subsection C -Requirements pertaining to Classes of Materials

Part UCS Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Part UNF Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Non Ferrous Materials Part UHA Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of High Alloy Steel Part UCI Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Cast Iron Part UCL Requirements for Welded Pressure Vessels Constructed of Material non corrosion resistant, Integral Cladding, Weld Metal Overlay, Cladding or with Applied Linings Part UCD Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Cast Ductile Iron

Subsection C -Requirements pertaining to Classes of Materials(Continued)

Part UHT Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Ferritic Steels with Tensile Properties enhanced by Heat Treatment Part ULW Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Layered Construction Part ULT Alternative Rules for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Material having higher allowable stresses at lower temperatures Part UHX Rules for Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers

ASME SEC VIII DIV 1

COVERS THE DESIGN OF PRESSURE COMPONENTS AS LISTED BELOW ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.

UG-27 ----- THK OF SHELLS UNDER INTERNAL PRESSURE UGUGUG -28 ----- THK OF SHELLS UNDER EXTERNAL PRESSURE UGUG -29 ---------STIFFENING STIFFENING RINGS OF CYLINDRICAL SHELLS UNDER EXTERNAL PRESSURE UGUG -32 & 33 ---- FORMED HEAD , COVERS ELLIPSOIDAL, TORISHERICAL, HEMISHERICAL, CONICAL & TORICONICAL HEADS. UGUG -34 ---- UNSTAYED FLAT HEADS & COVERS UGUG -36 & 37 ---- OPENING IN PRESSURE VESSELS & REINFORCEMENTS UGUG -41 ---- STRENGTH OF REINFORCEMENTS UG -47 ----- BRACED & STAYED SURFACE UG 53 LIGAMENT UW -12 & 15 W ELD EFFICIENCY & W ELDED CONNECTION DESIGN UCS -56 REQUIRMENT OF PW HT UG -99 & 100 HYDROTEST & PNUMATIC TEST REQUIREMENT

PRESSURE VESSEL ASME SEC VIII DIV 1 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------UGUG -27 ----- THK OF SHELLS UNDER INTERNAL PRESSURE UGUG -28 ----- THK OF SHELLS UNDER EXTERNAL PRESSURE UGUG -29 ---------STIFFENING STIFFENING RINGS OF CYLINDRICAL SHELLS UNDER EXTERNAL PRESSURE UGUG -32 & 33 ---- FORMED HEAD , COVERS ELLIPSOIDAL, TORISHERICAL, HEMISHERICAL, CONICAL & TORICONICAL HEADS. UGUG -34 ---- UNSTAYED FLAT HEADS & COVERS UGUG -36 & 37 ---- OPENING IN PRESSURE VESSELS & REINFORCEMENTS UGUG -41 ---- STRENGTH OF REINFORCEMENTS UG -47 ----- BRACED & STAYED SURFACE UG 53 LIGAMENT

UW-12 & 15 WELD EFFICIENCY & WELDED UWCONNECTION DESIGN UCS -56 REQUIRMENT OF PWHT UG -99 & 100 HYDROTEST & PNUMATIC TEST REQUIREMENT

STRUCTURE OF ASME SEC VIII DIV -1 CODE

ASME Section VIII DivisionDivision-1

Division 1 also consists mandatory and non mandatory appendices:
Mandatory Appendices: Appendices:
It addresses the subjects that are not covered elsewhere in the code. Requirements of this appendices are mandatory.

Nonmandatory Appendices: Appendices:

It provides information and suggested good practices. Requirements of these appendices are not mandatory unless specified in purchase order.

ASME Section VIII DivisionDivision-2

Scope of division 2 is identical to that of division 1, however there is no limitation on higher pressure. Allowable stress values are higher for division 2 that division 1, hence division 2 vessels are thinner Vessels constructed with division 2 are economical over division 1 when saving in material cost is higher than the additional cost required to meet stringent requirements of division 2. Economical for higher pressure applications and for more expensive alloy materials.

ASME Section VIII Division 1 and 2

1. Pressure limit 2. Design Factor Up to 3000 psig --> 3.5 Membrane Stress 3. Stress Analysis --> Max. Principal Stress 4. Stress Theory Theory --> 5. Joint Efficiency 0.75 to 1.0 6. .Engineer. Certification 7. Hydrostatic Test Pressure Not Required 1.3 * MAW P No limitation on pressure, however Div-3 is applicable above 10000 psig -->> 3 Membrane Stress + Bending Stress, Fatigue Maximum Shear Stress Theory -->> No Joint Efficiency Factor U.D.S. &Design Report Certification Required 1.25 * Design Pressure 15 % Less than Div. 1

8. Material W eight Higher Than Div. 2

ASME Section VIII DivisionDivision-3

Applied to vessels operating at internal or external design pressure is generally above 10000 psig. Design rules:
Maximum shear stress Elastic plastic analysis Fracture mechanics evaluation

Material and NDE requirements more stringent than division 1 and 2

PARTS OF THE PRESSURE VESSELS

1. HEADS/END CLOSURES 2. SHELL 3. NOZZLES 4. SUPPORTS 5. NOZZLE REINFORCEMENT PADS 6. INTERNALS & EXTERNAL ATTACHMENTS

Design considerations
FOLLOWING LOADINGS TO BE CONSIDERED IN DESIGNING THE VESSELS AS PER ASME SEC. VIII DIV. I ( CLAUSE UGUG-22) 1. INTERNAL DESIGN PRESSURE AT DESIGN TEMPRATURE. 2. EXTERNAL DESIGN PRESSURE AT DESIGN TEMPRATURE. 3. W EIGHT OF THE VESSEL AT OPERATING AND TEST CONDITION. 4. LOAD DUE TO ATTACHED EQUIPMENTS. 5. W ELD JOINT EFFICIENCY. 6. EXTERNAL / INTERNAL ATTACHMENT 7. SEISMIC LOADING. 8. W IND LOADING. 9. FATIGUE LOADING DUE TO THERMAL AND PRESSURE VARIATIONS. 10. CORROSION ALLOW ANCES.

WHAT IS PRESSURE VESSEL ?

PRESSURE VESSEL IS CONTAINER FOR THE CONTAINMENT OF PRESSURE, EITHER INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL. THIS PRESSURE MAY BE OBTAINED FROM AN EXTERNAL SOURCE, OR BY THE APPLICATION OF HEAT FROM A DIRECT OR INDIRECT SOURCE, OR ANY COMBINATION THEREOF. TYPE OF VESSELS DEPENDING UPON THE ORIENTATION: 1. HORIZONTAL VESSEL 2. VERTICAL VESSEL TYPE OF VESSEL DEPENDING UPON THE FUNCTIONS : 1. STORAGE VESSEL 2. COLUMNS / ADSORBERS 3. SHELL & TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER

SHELL
SHELL IS THE MAIN PART OF THE VESSEL. TYPES OF THE SHELL 1. CYLINDRICAL SHELL 2. SPHERICAL SHELL DESIGN OF CYLINDRICAL SHELL UNDER INTERNAL PRESSURE AS PER ASME SECSEC-VIII DIVDIV -1, CL. UG UG-27. FOR EXTERNAL DESIGN PRESSURE, SHELL TO BE DESIGN AS PER ASME SECSEC-VIII DIVDIV1 CL. UGUG-28

VESSEL CONSTRUCTION
Long. Seam Circ. Seam

Dend Shell Nozzle

Typical Vessel
BOT SPOOL D-End CIRC. SEAM LONG SEAM D/E SEAM

MANWAY NOZZLE D-End SHELL NOZZLE

HEADS / ENDCLOSURES
HEAD IS THE PART W HICH CLOSES THE END OPENING OF THE CYL. SHELL

TYPES OF THE HEADS :

1. HEMISPHERICAL HEAD 2. ELLIPTICAL HEAD 3. TORISPHERICAL HEAD 4. CONICAL HEAD 5. TORICONICAL HEAD 6. BOLTED BLIND FLANGE DESIGN OF ELLIPTICAL HEAD UNDER INTERNAL PRESSURE AS PER ASME SECSEC-VIII DIVDIV-1, CL. UGUG-32. FOR EXTERNAL DESIGN PRESSURE, HEAD TO BE DESIGN AS PER ASME SECSEC-VIII DIVDIV-1 CL. UGUG-33

Formed Heads (Continued)

SINGLE PIECE DISHEND

CROWN & PETAL DEND

Petals

Crown

Crow n Plate Petal Plate

TORISPHERICAL DISHEND

Seamless(one-piece head)

HEMISPHERICAL DISHEND

Spherical seamless head(ID 3.4mt., 92mmThk.,steel SA387 Gr 11)

FLAT HEADS

Flat Head (OD 4.1mt,Knuckle radius 100mm)

BOLTED BLIND FLANGE

Detail of Manhole

NOZZLES / CONNECTIONS
NOZZLES ARE THE OPENINGS PROVIDED IN THE SHELL/ HEAD FOR CONNECTING THE EXTERNAL PIPING W ITH VESSEL. NOZZLES CONSISTS OF NOZZLE NECK, FLANGE & RF PAD TYPES OF THE NOZZLES / CONNECTIONS : 1. PIPE NECK W ITH FLANGE CONNECTION 2. FORGED NECK W ITH FLANGE CONNECTION NOZZLE NECK TO BE DESIGNED AS PER ASME SEC VIII DIV I CL. UGUG-45 RF PAD FOR THE NOZZLE TO BE DESIGNED AS PER ASME SEC VIII DIV I CL. UGUG-36 NON STD. FLANGE TO BE DESIGNED AS PER ASME SEC VIII DIV I, APPXAPPX -2 & STD FLANGE TO BE SELECTED AS PER UGUG-44/ASME B16.5

Nozzle Details

SUPPORTS FOR VESSEL

SUPPORTS ARE REQUIRED FOR THE INSTALLATION OF THE VESSEL ON THE FOUNDATION. TYPE OF SUPPORTS 1. LEG TYPE SUPPORT 2. SKIRT TYPE SUPPORT (CYLINDRICAL/CONICAL) 3 BRACKET TYPE SUPPORT 4. SADDLE SUPPORT

SKIRT DETAIL

Detail of Skirt

MATERIAL OF CONSTRUCTION FOR VESSEL

ASME LISTS THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF THE MATERIAL FOR PLATES, FORGINGS, PIPES, TUBES, FLANGES & FITTING. --- ASME SEC II PART
A,B,C & D

REFER TABLE UCSUCS-23 FOR CARBON AND LOW ALLOW STEEL REFER TABLE UHAUHA-23 FOR HIGH ALLOY STEEL.

FABRICATION REQUIREMENTS
1. WELD JOINT CATEGORIES AS PER UW-3 2. WELD JOINT EFFICIENCY AS PER UW-12 3. WELDING OF NOZZLES WITH SHELL AS PER UW-16 4. WELDING/WELDER QUALIFICATION AS PER ASME SEC IX 5. PWHT REQUIREMENT AS PER ASME SEC VIII DIV .1 , CL. UGUG-56 6. IMPACT TEST REQUIREMENT AS PER UCSUCS-65/66

ASME Section VIII DivisionDivision-1: Fabrication

It covers the fabrication requirements as listed below
Weld joint categories as per UWUW-3 Weld joint efficiency as per UW 12 Welding of nozzles with shell as per UW 16 Welding/welder qualification as per ASME Sec IX PWHT requirement as per UGUG-56 Impact test requirement as per UCSUCS-65 & UG 84

ASME Section VIII DivisionDivision-1: Fabrication

Weld Joint Categories UWUW-3

NDT TESTING
ALL BUTT JOINTS TO BE RT/UT/MPT/DP TESTED AS PER ASME CODE REQUIREMENT ALL CORNER JOINTS e.g. NOZZLE TO SHELL JOINT SHALL BE MPT/DP TESTED. ALL FILLET WELDS SHALL BE DP TESTED. ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR NDT REQUIREMENT FOR WELD JOINT

Appendix 4 Rounded Indications Charts Acceptance Standard for Radiographically Determined Rounded Indication in Welds Appendix 6 Methods for Magnetic Particle Examination (MT) Appendix 8 Methods for Liquid Penetrate Examination (PT) Appendix 12 Ultrasonic Examination of Welds (UT)
EQUIPMENT TEST : - HYDROTEST --> --> 1.3 x DESIGN PRESSURE (UG(UG-99) PNEUMATIC TEST ---> 1.1 x DESIGN PRESSURE (UG-100) OFFICIAL STAMP FOR CODED VESSELS U STAMPS --- ASME SEC. VIII DIV.1

PREHEATING REQUIREMENT
PREHEATING REDUCES THE SUSCEPTIBILTY OF THE WELDMENT TO COLD CTACKING /HYDROGEN CRACKING PREHEATING REQUIREMENTS DEPENDING ON THE CARBON EQUIVALENT (CE) CE % SUGGESTED TEMP

UP TO 0.45 % OPTIONAL 0.45 % TO 0.60 % 200-400 F 200ABOVE 0.60 % 400 700 F EFFECT OF PREHEATING : 1. ELIMINATES THE DANGER OF CRACK FORMATION 2. MINIMIZES HARD ZONE ADJACENT TO WLED 3. MINIMIZES THE SHRINKAGE STRESS 4. MINIMIZES THE DESTORTION

POST WELD HEAT TREATMENT

OBJETCIVE: 1.TO REDUCE THE RESIDUAL STRESSES AT WELD & HAZ 2.TO MODIFY THE MICROMICRO-STRUCTURE (HAZ) EFFECT: 1. SUSCETIBLITIES TO BRITTLE FAILURE DECREASES. 2. RESISTANCE TO STRESS CORROSION CRACKING INCREASES. 3. DIMENSIONAL STABILITIES INCREASES. PWHT PARAMETER 1. HEATING RATE 2. SOAKING TEMPERATURE 3. COOLING RATE

Part UCS (Continued)

UCSUCS -56 PWHT

CODE EXTRACT FOR HEAT TREATMENT

P. NO. HOLDING TEMP. NOM. THICKNE SS UPTO 2 SOAKING PERIOD

1 ( CARBON STEEL) & 3 (LOW ALLOY STEEL)

1100 DEG. F(593 C)

1 HR. PER INCH. , HOW EVER 15 MINUTES MINIMUM 2 HOURS , PLUS 15 MIN. FOR EACH ADDITIONAL INCH ABOVE 2 2 HOURS , PLUS 15 MIN. FOR EACH ADDITIONAL INCH ABOVE 2

OVER 2 TO 5 OVER 5

* POST WELD HEAT TREATMENT IS MANDATORY ON P-NO.3 GR. NO. 3 MATERIAL IN ALL THICKNESSES.

Code Requirements for PWHT

Material Normal Holding Temperatur e C 595 Minimum holding time at normal temperature for nominal thickness
Up to 2 Over 2 to 5 Over 5

P - No.1, P - No.3 [e.g.SA516GR60/7 0] P - No.4 [e.g.SA387GR11] P - No.5A P - No.5B P - No.5C [Group no.1 ] [e.g.SA387GR22/ SA540Ty.D Cl.4a] P - No.5B Group no.2 [e.g.SA387GR91]

1hr / in. 15 min minimum 1hr / in. 15 min minimum 1hr / in. 15 min minimum

2 hr plus 15 min for each additional inch over 2 1 hr / inch

2 hr plus 15 min for each additional inch over 2 5 hr plus 15 min for each additional inch over 5 5 hr plus 15 min for each additional inch over 5

650

675

1 hr / inch

705

1hr / in. 15 min minimum

1 hr / inch

5 hr plus 15 min for each additional inch over 5

REQUIREMENT OF PRODUCTION CONTROL TESTINGTESTING - PTC REQUIREMENT

PTC SIMULATES THE ACTUAL W ELD JOINT W ITH THE BASE MATERIAL & W ELDING CONSUMABLES FROM THE SAME HEAT & MELT AS THOSE USED IN ACTUL JOINT. THE PTC UNDERGOES IDENTIAL FABRICATION SEQUENCE, DONE BY THE SAME W ELDERS, SAME W ELDING PARAMETERS W ITH SAME CONSTAINTS SIMULATED AS THAT OF JOB. TYPES OF PRODUCTION TEST COUPONS 1. THE SMULATED W ELD COUPON STC 2. THE FINAL TEST COUPON FTC STC THIS IS BASICALLY THE TEST COUPON OF THE W ELD JOINT, W HICH IS SUBJECTED TO THE SIMULATED HEAT TREATMENT CYCLE, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT OF ALL POSSIBLE EVANTUALITIES LIKE REPAIRE, ADDITIONAL HEAT TREATMENT ETC. FTC THIS IS BASICALLY THE TEST COUPON OF THE W ELDMENT, W HICH IS SUBJECTED TO THE ACTUAL HAET TREATMENT SEEN IN THE JOB. THIS COUPON IS MADE SIMULTANEOUSLY W ITH THE JOB.

HYDRO & PNUMATIC TESTING OF PRESSURE VESSEL

HYDROTESTING IS TO DONE AS PER ASME SEC VIII DIVDIV-1-CL UG UG-99 HYDROTEST PRESSURE = 1.3 X (P design) x (allow stress at test temp/ allow stress at design temp) HYDROTEST STRESS SHOULD NOT EXCCED 90 % OF THE YIELD STRESS -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------PNUMTAIC TESTING IS TO BE DONE AS PER ASME SEC VIII DIV 1 CL UG100 PNUMATIC TEST PRESSURE = 1.1 X DESIGN PRESSURE THE METAL TEMPERATURE DURING PNUMATIC TESTING SHALL BE MAINTAINED ATLEAT 17 DRG C ABOVE THE MDMT TO MINIMISE THE RISK OF BRITTLE FRACTURE.

HYDROTEST
WATER FILLING, PRESSURISING & INSPECTION
Outlet Pressure Gauge arangement

Heat Exchanger

Tube Sheet

Tubes

Outlet Hose

Inlet hose Venting Bucket Hydrotest Pump

5
Job to be kept approx. 5 tapered towards one of the tubesheet. Inlet Pressure Gauge arrangement

Wooden Saddles

HYDROTEST
WATER FILLING, PRESSURISING & INSPECTION

Outlet Pressure Gauge arangement Tube Sheet Heat Exchanger Inlet Header Tubes

Outlet Hose

Inlet hose Outlet Header Venting Bucket One of the bottom nozzles have to be kept open at the time of hydrotesting.
Hydrotest Pump

Wooden Saddles

Inlet Pressure Gauge arrangement

Sketch for Hydro test

Arrangement for Outlet Pressure Gauge

Towards Venting pipe Valves Pressure Gauge

Square Bar Coupling

Arrangement for Inlet Pressure Gauge

Pressure Gauge Valves Coupling From Hydrotest Pump Square Bar

Towards Drain

ASME BOILER & PRESSURE VESSEL CERTIFICATES OF AUTHORIZATION & CODE SYMBOL STAMPS
SYMBOL/STAMP CODE BOOKS REQUIRED

------------------------------------------------------------------------------1. A ( ASSEBLY BOILER) --- B 31.1 &SEC &SEC- 1 & SEC II C 2. U(PRESSURE VESSEL) ---- ASME SEC VIII DIV -1 3. U2(PRESSURE VESSEL) ---- ASME SEC VIII DIV DIV-2 4. U3 (HIGH PV) ----- ASME SEC VIII DIV DIV-3 4. S (POW ER BOILER) ------ B31.1 & SEC SEC-1 5. UV (PV SAFETY VALVE)---VALVE)----ASME ASME SEC VIIII DIV -1 /2 6. V (BOILER SAFETY VALVE) ----- SEC -1 7. qp (PRESSURE PIPING) ------ B31.1 & SEC -1

PRESSURE VESSEL CODE ASME SECTION VIII DIVISION 1

Introduction to ASME Codes (Section I to Section XII)

A Brief Discussion on ASME Section VIII Divisions 1 and 2 and Division 3

Section VIII Div.1
Unfired Pressure Vessel Rules Published Pressure Limits <1940

Section VIII Div.2

Alternative Rules

Section VIII Div.3

Alternative Rules for High Pressure 1997

1968 No limits either way, usually 600+ psig General, Material, Design, Fabrication and others AG, AM, AD, AF, AR, AI, AT, AS Design Factor 3 on tensile (lower factor under reviewed) and other yield and temperature considerations

Normally up to 3000 psig

No limits, Normally from 10,000 psig

Organisation

General, Construction Type & Material U, UG, UW, UF, UB, UCS, UNF, UCI, UCD, UHT, ULT

Similar to Division 2 KG, KM, KD, KF, KR, KE, KT, KS

Design Factor

Design Factor 3.5 on tensile and other yield and temperature considerations

Yield based with reduction factor for yield to tensile ratio less than 0.7

A Brief Discussion on ASME Section VIII Divisions 1 and 2 and Division 3

Section VIII Div.1
Unfired Pressure Vessel Rules Design Rules Membrane-Maximum stress Generally Elastic analysis Very detailed design rules with Quality (joint efficiency) Factors. Little stress analysis required, pure membrane without consideration of discontinuities controlling stress concentration to a safety factor of 3.5 or higher

Section VIII Div.2

Alternative Rules

Section VIII Div.3

Alternative Rules for High Pressure Maximum shear stress Elastic/plastic Analysis and more. Some design rules provided; Fatigue analysis required, Fracture mechanics evaluation required unless proven leakbefore-burst, Residual stresses become significant and may be positive factors

Shell of Revolution Max. Shear stress Generally Elastic Analysis Membrane + Bending. Fairly detailed design rules. In addition to the design rules, discontinuities, fatigue and other stress analysis considerations may be required unless exempted and guidance provided for in Appendix 4, 5 and 6

Experimental stress Analysis

Normally not required

Introduced and may be required

Experimental design verification but may be exempted

A Brief Discussion on ASME Section VIII Divisions 1 and 2 and Division 3

Section VIII Div.1
Unfired Vessel Rules Material and Impact Testing Pressure

Section VIII Div.2

Alternative Rules

Section VIII Div.3

Alternative Rules for High Pressure Even more restrictive than Division 2 with different requirements. Fracture toughness testing requirement for fracture mechanics evaluation crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) testing and establishment of Klc and/or Jlc values Even more restrictive than Division 2, UT used for all butt welds, RT otherwise, extensive use of PT and MT

Few restriction on materials; Impact required unless exempted, extensive exemptions under UG20, UCS 66/67

More restriction of materials; impact required in general with similar rules as Division 1

NDE Requirements

NDE requirements may be exempted through increased design factor

More stringent NDE requirements, extensive use of RT, as well as UT, MT and PT.

A Brief Discussion on ASME Section VIII Divisions 1 and 2 and Division 3

Section VIII Div.1
Unfired Pressure Vessel Rules Welding and Fabrication Different types with butt welds and others

Section VIII Div.2

Alternative Rules

Section VIII Div.3

Alternative Rules for High Pressure Butt welds and extensive use of other construction methods such as threaded, layered, wire-wound, interlocking stripwound and others Users Design specification with more specific details (see KG-310) including contained fluid data, etc. with useful operation life expected and others. Designer defined.

Extensive use/requirement of butt welds and full penetration welds including non pressure attachment welds

User

User or designated agent to provide specifications (see U-2(a))

Users Design Specification with detailed design requirements (see AG-301.1) include AD 160 for fatigue evaluation

A Brief Discussion on ASME Section VIII Divisions 1 and 2 and Division 3

Section VIII Div.1
Unfired Vessel Rules Manufacturer Pressure

Section VIII Div.2

Alternative Rules

Section VIII Div.3

Alternative Rules for High Pressure Same as Division 2

Manufacturer to declare compliance in data report

Manufacturers Design Report certifying design specification and code compliance in addition to data report Professional Engineers Certification of Users Design Specification as well as Manufacturers Design report Professional Engineer shall be experienced in pressure vessel design

Professional Engineer Certification

Normally not required

Same as Division 2 but the Professional Engineer shall be in high-pressure vessel design and shall not sign for both User and Manufacturer.

A Brief Discussion on ASME Section VIII Divisions 1 and 2 and Division 3

Section VIII Div.1
Unfired Vessel Rules Pressure

Section VIII Div.2

Alternative Rules

Section VIII Div.3

Alternative Rules for High Pressure

Safety Relief Valve

UV Stamp

UV Stamp

UV3 Stamp

Code Stamp and Marking

U Stamp with Addition marking including W, P, RES, L, UB, DF, RT, HT

U2 Stamp with Additional marking including HT

U3 Stamp with additional marking denoting construction type, HT, PS, WL, M, F, W, UQT, WW, SW

Hydrostatic Test

1.3 (was 1.5 before the use of the 3.5 Design factor in the 1999 Addenda)

1.25

1.25

Mandatory Appendices
Appendix 1 Appendix 2 Appendix 3 Appendix 4 Supplementary Design Formulas Rules for Bolted Flange Connections With Ring Type Gaskets Definitions Rounded Indications Charts Acceptance Standard for Radiographically Determined Rounded Indication in Welds Flanged and Flued or Flanged Only Expansion Joints Methods for Magnetic Particle Examination(MT) Examination of Steel Castings Methods for Liquid Penetrate Examination (PT) Jacketed Vessels Quality Control System Capacity Conversion for Safety Valves Ultrasonic Examination of Welds (UT)

Appendix 5 Appendix 6 Appendix 7 Appendix 8 Appendix 9 Appendix 10 Appendix 11 Appendix 12

Mandatory Appendices
Appendix 13 Appendix 14 Appendix 16 Appendix 17 Appendix 18 Appendix 19 Appendix 20 Appendix 21 Appendix 22 Appendix 23

(continued)

Vessels of Noncircular Cross Section Integral Flat Heads With a Large, Single, Circular, Centrally Located Openings Submittal of Technical Inquiries to the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Committee Dimpled or Embossed Assemblies Adhesive Attachments of Name Plates Electrically Heated or Gas Fired Jacketed Steam Kettles Hubs Machined From Plates Jacketed Vessels Constructed of WorkWork-Hardened Nickel Integrally Forged Vessels External Pressure Design of Copper, Copper Alloy, Titanium Alloy condenser and Heat Exchanger Tubes With Integral Fins

Mandatory Appendices
Appendix 24 Appendix 25

(continued)

Appendix 26 Appendix 27 Appendix 28 Appendix 30 Appendix 31 Appendix 32 Appendix 33

Design Rules for Clamp Connections Acceptance of Testing Laboratories and Authorized Observer for Capacity Certification of Pressure Relief Valves Pressure Vessels and Heat Exchangers Expansion Joints Alternative Requirements for GlassGlass-Lined Vessels Alternative Corner Weld Joint Detail for Box Headers for Air Cooled Heat Exchangers Rules for Drilled Holes Not Penetrating to Vessel Wall Rules for CrCr-Mo steels With Additional Requirements for Welding and Heat Treatment Local Thin Areas in Cylindrical Shell and in Spherical Segments of Shells Standard Units for Use in Equations

Non mandatory Appendices

Appendix A Appendix C Appendix D Appendix E Appendix F Appendix G Appendix H Appendix K Appendix L Appendix M Basis for Establishing Allowable Loads for TubeTube-to toTubesheet Joints Suggested Methods for Obtaining the Operating Temperature of Vessel Walls in Service Suggested Good Practice Regarding Internal Structures Suggested Good Practice Regarding Corrosion Allowance Suggested Good Practice Regarding Linings Suggested Good Practice Regarding Piping Reactions and Design of Supports and Attachments Guidance to Accommodate Loading Produced by Deflagration Sectioning of Welded Joints Examples Illustrating the Application of Code Formulas and Rules Installation and Operation

Non mandatory Appendices

Appendix P Appendix R Appendix S Appendix T Appendix W Appendix Y Appendix DD Appendix EE Appendix FF Appendix GG

(Continued)

Basic for Establishing Allowable Stress Values Preheating Design Considerations for Bolted Flange Connections Temperature Protection Guide for Preparing Manufacturers Data Reports Flat Faced Flanges With MetalMetal-to to-Metal Contact Outside the Bolt Circle Guide to Information Appearing on Certificate of Authorization (See Fig. DDDD-1) Half-Pipe Jackets HalfGuide For the Design and Operation of QuickQuickActuating (Quick(Quick-Opening) Closures Guidance for the Use of U.S.Customary and SI Units in the ASME Boiler and Pressure Code

Material and Impact Testing

Few restrictions on materials; Impact required unless exempted; extensive exemptions under UG-20, UCS 66/67

More restrictions on materials; impact required in general with similar rules as Division 1

Even more restrictive than Division 2 with different requirements.Fracture toughness testing requirement for fracture mechanics evaluation Crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) testing and establishment of KIc and/or JIc values

NDE Requirements

NDE requirements may be exempted through increased design factor

More stringent NDE requirements; Even more restrictive than Division 2; extensive use of RT as well as UT, MT UT used for all butt welds, RT and PT. otherwise, extensive use of PT and MT Extensive use/requirement of butt welds and full penetration welds including nonpressure attachment welds

Butt W elds and extensive use of other construction methods such as Welding and Different types with butt welds and threaded, layered, wire-wound, fabrication others interlocking strip-wound and others Users Design Specification with more User's Design Specification with detailed specific details (see KG-310) including User or designated agent to provide contained fluid data, etc with useful User design requirements (see AG-301.1) specifications (see U-2(a)) operation life expected and others. include AD 160 for fatigue evaluation Designer defined Manufacturer's Design Report certifying Manufacturer to declare compliance in Manufacturer design specification and code Same as Division 2 data report compliance in addition to data report Professional Engineers' Certification of Same as Division 2 but the Professional User's Design Specification as well as Professional Engineer shall be Engineer Normally not required Manufacturer's Design Report experienced in high pressure vessel Certification Professional Engineer shall be design and shall not sign for both User experienced in pressure vessel design and Manufacturer Safety Relief Valve UV Stamp UV Stamp UV3 Stamp U Stamp with Addition markings U3 Stamp with additional marking Code Stamp and U2 Stamp with Additional marking including W , P, B, RES; L, UB, DF; denoting construction type; HT, PS, Marking including HT RT, HT W L, M, F, W , UQT, WW , SW 1.5 (To be lowered to 1.3 for the 1.25 (may be exempted for Hydrostatic Test 1.25 proposed 3.5* Design Factor) autofrettaged vessels) * Code Cases 2278 and 2290 for ASME Section VIII Division 1 allow for alternative maximum allowable design stresses based on a factor of 3.5 under certain provisions. It is believed that these code cases with the provisions, may be incorporated into the Code sometime in the future.

Common Features

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