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Brain Computer Interface/Brain Machine Interface

The slideshow covers a slideshow on Brain Computer Interface also known as Brain Machine Interface. It gives an insight to BCI.

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Siddhant Singh
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408 views

Brain Computer Interface/Brain Machine Interface

The slideshow covers a slideshow on Brain Computer Interface also known as Brain Machine Interface. It gives an insight to BCI.

Uploaded by

Siddhant Singh
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPSX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Brain Computer Interface Technology

Siddhant
RK1R06-B37

Fiction to Reality

BCI
Brain Computer Interface

Mind Machine Interface ( M M I ) Direct Neural Interface ( D N I )

CONTENTS
1) Introduction 2) Principle 3) History 4) Terms Related To Brain computer Interface Technology 5) BCI Approaches 6) Working of Brain Computer Interfaces 7) Researches & Applications of BCI 8) Disadvantages of BCI 9) Future Applications

Introduction
A brain-machine interface is a communication system that does not depend on the brains normal output pathways of peripheral nerves and muscles.

New communication link functioning human brain------------------outside world


Electronic interfaces with the brain which have ability to send and receive signals to and from brain. Signals from brain COMPUTER via IMPLANTS for data entry without any direct interaction with brain

PRINCIPLE
The main principle behind this is the Bioelectrical activity of muscles and nerves.
Neurons work in complex logic and produce thoughts and signals that control our body.

HISTORY
Hans Berger was the 1st to discover Human Brains Electrical activity. In 1924 Berger recorded HBA by means of EEG(Electroencephalography). Research on BCIs began in 1970s. In the mid 1990s prosthetic device was implanted in human beings for the 1st time.

Some Notable Research Groups


1) 2) 3) 4) 5) Richard Andersen John Donoghue Phillip Kennedy Miguel Nicolelis Andrew Schwartz

Terms Related to BCI


1) Microelectrode Arrays :
These devices contain multiple plates through which neural signals are obtained or delivered.

2) Prosthetic :
It is a Greek term which means attachment. Prosthetic is an artificial device extension that replaces a missing body part.

3) EEG (Electroencephalography) :
It is the recording of electrical activity along the scalp. EEG measures voltage fluctuations resulting from ionic current.

4) ECoG (Electrocorticography) :
It is the practice of using electrodes placed directly on the exposed surface of the brain to record electrical activity from the cerebral cortex.

4) Data Acquisition :
Conversion of analog waveforms into digital signals for processing.

BCI Approaches
Invasive

Semi-Invasive
Non-Invasive

INVASIVE Brain Computer Interfaces


Implanted directly through neurosurgery
Rests in Grey matter Signals - Highest Quality Scar Tissue build up Target Repairing damaged sight Providing mobility to persons suffering from paralysis Artificial Vision System

SEMI-INVASIVE Brain Computer Interfaces


Implanted inside the skull
Outside the brain the electrodes are embedded in a thin plastic pad that is placed above the cortex, beneath the dura mater Based on Ecog Signal Quality Much Better than Non-Invasive Scar tissue Lower risk than Fully Invasive 1st tried in humans in 2004

NON-INVASIVE Brain Computer Interfaces


No Surgery Required
No electrodes implanted inside the head Based on EEG Signal Quality Poor (because of the skull) Applications Power muscle implants Restore partial movements Virtual Gaming

Diagrammatic Representation

Detailed Block-Level Diagram of Brain Computer Interfaces

>>>>>>>>>>> WORKING<<<<<<<<<<<

RESEARCHES AND APPLICATIONS On Brain Computer Interfaces


RATS implanted with BCI in Bergers Experiment

Rhesus Monkey in Nicoleliss Research at Dukes University

WAPWALK AGAIN PROJECT


(MIGUEL NICOLELIS)

BCIs and Brain Controlled Wheel Chair

HONDAs Brain Computer Interface

DISADVANTAGES of BCIs

Headache Exhausting Laziness Degenerate

FUTURE APPLICATIONS
of Brain Computer Interfaces Linking people via chip implants to super intelligent machines creating in effect, super humans. These cyborgs will be onestep ahead of humans. And just as humans have always valued themselves above other forms of life, it is likely that cyborgs will look down on humans who have yet to evolve.

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